Case 1:20-cv-00034-ADA Document 45-12 Filed 03/20/20 Page 1 of 8
`Case 1:20-cv-00034-ADA Document 45-12 Filed 03/20/20 Page 1 of 8
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`EXHIBIT 10
`EXHIBIT 10
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`Case 1:20-cv-00034-ADA Document 45-12 Filed 03/20/20 Page 1 of 8
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`EXHIBIT 10
`EXHIBIT 10
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`Case 1:20-cv-00034-ADA Document 45-12 Filed 03/20/20 Page 2 of 8
`Case 8:08-cv-00626-AG-MLG Document 101 Filed 01/26/09 Page 1 of 29 Page ID #:1939
`
`Mark B. Mizrahi (State Bar #179384)
`mmizrahi@brookskushman.com
`BROOKS KUSHMAN P.C.
`6100 Center Drive, Suite 630
`Los Angeles, CA 90045
`Tel (310) 348-8200 Fax (310) 846-4799
`Mark A. Cantor (Admitted Pro Hac Vice)
`mcantor@brookskushman.com
`John S. Le Roy (Admitted Pro Hac Vice)
`jleroy@brookskushman.com
`Marc Lorelli (Admitted Pro Hac Vice)
`mlorelli@brookskushman.com
`BROOKS KUSHMAN P.C.
`1000 Town Center, Twenty-Second Floor
`Southfield, Michigan 48075
`Tel (248) 358-4400; Fax (248) 358-3351
`Attorneys for Plaintiff
`Ancora Technologies, Inc.
`
`UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
`CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
`
`Case No. SACV08-626 AG (MLGx)
`
`ANCORA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.'S
`OPENING MARKMAN BRIEF
`
`Jury Trial Demanded
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`ANCORA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
`Plaintiff,
`
`vs.
`TOSHIBA AMERICA
`INFORMATION SYSTEMS, INC.
`et al.,
`
`
`)
`)
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`)
`
`
`Defendants.
` )
`TOSHIBA AMERICA
`INFORMATION SYSTEMS, INC.
`)
`et al.,
`
`))
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`))
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`))
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`))
`
`)
`
`Counterclaimants
`
`vs.
`ANCORA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
`Counterdefendant.
` MICROSOFT CORPORATION,
`Intervenor.
`
`ANCORA'S OPENING MARKMAN BRIEF
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`Case 1:20-cv-00034-ADA Document 45-12 Filed 03/20/20 Page 3 of 8
`Case 8:08-cv-00626-AG-MLG Document 101 Filed 01/26/09 Page 2 of 29 Page ID #:1940
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`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`
`Page
`TABLE OF AUTHORITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii
`I.
`INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
`II.
`CLAIM CONSTRUCTION SUMMARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
`III. CLAIM CONSTRUCTION ANALYSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
`A.
`"erasable, non-volatile memory area of a BIOS" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
`1.
`"erasable" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
`2.
`"non-volatile" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
`"program" / "software program" / "application software program" . 14
`B.
`"selecting a program residing in the volatile memory" . . . . . . . . . . 16
`C.
`"agent" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
`D.
`"license record" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
`E.
`"verifying the program" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
`F.
`"pseudo-unique" key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
`G.
`IV. CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
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`ANCORA'S OPENING MARKMAN BRIEF
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`-i-
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`Case 1:20-cv-00034-ADA Document 45-12 Filed 03/20/20 Page 4 of 8
`Case 8:08-cv-00626-AG-MLG Document 101 Filed 01/26/09 Page 17 of 29 Page ID #:1955
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`the standard definition of "non-volatile" memory [is]
`memory that is maintained even when the power is
`removed from the storage system
`(Exhibit 13, 6/21/01 Office Action, p. 108.)
`
`This definition is the same as the meaning understood by those skilled
`in the art. (Exhibit 11, p. 94.) The Defendants have not included this limitation in
`their proposed construction.
`The parties have also exchanged constructions for "volatile memory
`area" in which the parties essentially agree is "memory that is not maintained when
`the power is removed from the storage system."
`
`B.
`
`"program" / "software program" / "application software program"
`Defendants' construction of these terms is entirely motivated by their
`search for an infringement defense. Every person of skill in the computer field knows
`exactly what a "program" is: a set of instructions that can be executed by a computer.
`The '941 patent uses the term "program" broadly to include "software" (Ex. 1, '941
`patent, col. 1, line 8, col. 1, line 13, col. 4, line 42) or an "application" (Ex. 1, '941
`patent, col. 1, lines 53-54, col. 2, lines 29-30, col. 2, line 37, col. 2, lines 48-56, col.
`3, line 40, col. 4, lines 44). The Microsoft Computer Dictionary defines the term
`"program" as "a sequence of instructions that can be executed by a computer," and
`that the term "program" is "also called software." (Ex. 11, p. 95.)
`In this litigation, however, the defendants seeks to exclude the "operating
`system" from the scope of all three of these terms:
`software that performs a specific task by interacting with
`the operating system through an API (application
`programming interface).
`(Italics added.)
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`ANCORA'S OPENING MARKMAN BRIEF
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`Case 1:20-cv-00034-ADA Document 45-12 Filed 03/20/20 Page 5 of 8
`Case 8:08-cv-00626-AG-MLG Document 101 Filed 01/26/09 Page 19 of 29 Page ID #:1957
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`in a manner different from the plain import of its terms.") These are all terms that
`defendants' conjured to avoid infringement, contrary to controlling law. 5
`C.
`"selecting a program residing in the volatile memory"
`
`Ancora's Construction
`running a program in the volatile
`memory
`
`Defendants' Construction
`choosing from a group of programs
`that have been loaded into the
`computer's volatile memory
`Briefly, this step is performed when the claimed "program" discussed
`above is run on the computer. The specification states: "the specified program is run
`on the specified computer." (Ex. 1, col. 1, lines 60-61.) The defendants, however,
`propose:
`
`choosing from a group of programs that have been loaded
`into the computer's volatile memory.
`(Italics added.)
`
`The only dispute is the Defendants' proposed limitation that there must
`be a "group" of different loaded programs from which one must be "chosen." The
`terms "group" and "choosing" are not used anywhere in the '941 patent.
`This construction, like the others, is engineered to avoid infringement
`by excluding the possibility that only one program (such as Microsoft's accused
`operating system at computer startup) is loaded into memory for execution. This is
`another improper exclusionary construction having no basis whatsoever in the
`intrinsic record.
`
` It is unclear at this time how the Defendants' proposed constructions for
`5
`"program," "software," and "application" differ, if at all. Accordingly, Ancora
`reserves the right to substantively respond to the Defendants' positions on these terms
`in Ancora's Response to Defendants' Opening Claim Construction Brief.
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`ANCORA'S OPENING MARKMAN BRIEF
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`Case 1:20-cv-00034-ADA Document 45-12 Filed 03/20/20 Page 6 of 8
`Case 8:08-cv-00626-AG-MLG Document 101 Filed 01/26/09 Page 20 of 29 Page ID #:1958
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`On the contrary, the written description repeatedly refers to a "program"
`in the singular. For example, the very first sentence of the written description states
`that the "Field of the Invention" includes "restricting an unauthorized software
`program's operation." (Ex. 1, col. 1, lines 5-8.) The "Summary of the Invention" also
`refers to the term program in the singular: "each application program that is to be
`licensed to run on the specified computer." (Ex. 1, col. 1, lines 53-54.) The '941
`patent is riddled with usages of the selected program in the singular, and nothing in
`the intrinsic record requires that a "group" plurality of programs exist in the volatile
`memory which must be chosen."
`To the extent the Court seeks to construe this term, Ancora proposes that
`it be construed to mean "running a program in the volatile memory." This
`construction is most consistent with the context of the '941 patent disclosure: "the
`specified program is run on the specified computer." (Ex. 1, col. 1, lines 61-62.)
`
`D.
`
`"agent"
`
`Ancora's Construction
`a program to perform a task
`
`Defendants' Construction
`software that performs a background
`task for a user and reports to the user
`when the task is done or some
`expected event has occured
`The claimed "agent" is the technology used to establish a "verification
`structure" in the memory of the BIOS. The "verification structure" includes the
`"license record" that is used to verify that the claimed "program" is authorized to run
`on the computer as described above. Once again, the defendants divine additional
`limitations for this term:
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`ANCORA'S OPENING MARKMAN BRIEF
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`Case 1:20-cv-00034-ADA Document 45-12 Filed 03/20/20 Page 7 of 8
`Case 8:08-cv-00626-AG-MLG Document 101 Filed 01/26/09 Page 21 of 29 Page ID #:1959
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`software that performs a background task for a user and
`reports to the user when the task is done or some expected
`event has occurred.
`(Italics added.)
`
`Ancora agrees that the claimed "agent" is "software" used to perform
`6
`a "task," but in the patent, the claim expressly recites the task to be performed:
`using an agent to set up a verification structure in the
`erasable, non-volatile memory of the BIOS, the verification
`structure accommodating data that includes at least one
`license record.
`(Ex. 1, Claim 1.)
`
`The defendants seek to additionally require the following actions:
`1.
` Perform a "background task for a user" and
`2.
`"Report" to the user "when the "background task" is done or
`"some expected event has occurred"
`Consistent with defendants' now well-established pattern, the terms
`"background task," "reporting," and "expected event" are not found anywhere in the
`'941 patent or the prosecution history. There is no legitimate basis for defendants'
`proposed construction. In addition, defendants' effort to import new functional
`limitations into the asserted method claims is improper. Ecolab v. Envirochem, 264
`F.3d 1358, 1367 (Fed.Cir. 2001) ("Where the function is not recited in the claim itself
`by the patentee, we do not import such a limitation.").
`
` In one of the Office Actions, the Patent Office specifically defined the term
`6
`"agent" as a computer "program." (Ex. 14, 1/7/02 Office Action, p. 125.)
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`ANCORA'S OPENING MARKMAN BRIEF
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`Case 1:20-cv-00034-ADA Document 45-12 Filed 03/20/20 Page 8 of 8
`Case 8:08-cv-00626-AG-MLG Document 101 Filed 01/26/09 Page 28 of 29 Page ID #:1966
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`Claim
`
`Original Term
`
`1, 6
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`1,7,14, 18
`1
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`1
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`1
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`"selecting a program
`residing in the volatile
`memory"
`"agent"
`"using an agent to set up a
`verification structure in
`the eraseable,, non-
`volatile memory of the
`BIOS"
`"license record"
`
`"verifying the program"
`
`"pseudo unique key"
`
`7, 9, 12,
`18
`Dated: January 26, 2009
`
`Ancora's
`Construction
`running a program in the volatile
`memory
`
`a program to perform a task
`using a program that write the
`verification structure to the erasable,
`non-volatile memory of the BIOS
`
`information for verifying a licensed
`program
`determining whether a program is
`licensed
`data that is not necessarily unique
`
`Respectfully submitted,
`BROOKS KUSHMAN P.C.
`By: /s/ John S. Le Roy
`MARK A. CANTOR (Admitted Pro Hac Vice)
`mcantor@brookskushman.com
`JOHN S. Le ROY (Admitted Pro Hac Vice)
`jleroy@brookskushman.com
`MARC LORELLI (Admitted Pro Hac Vice)
`mlorelli@brookskushman.com
`1000 Town Center, Twenty-Second Floor
`Southfield, Michigan 48075
`Tel (248) 358-4400 — Fax (248) 358-3351
`MARK B. MIZRAHI
`mmizrahi@brookskushman.com
`6100 Center Drive, Suite 630
`Los Angeles, CA 90045
`Tel (310) 348-8200 — Fax (310) 846-4799
`Attorneys for Plaintiff Ancora
`
`ANCORA'S OPENING MARKMAN BRIEF
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