(19) United States
`(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2010/0007631 A1
`Chang
`(43) Pub. Date:
`Jan. 14, 2010
`
`US 2010.0007631A1
`
`(54) TOUCH METHOD AND DEVICE FOR
`DISTINGUISHING TRUE TOUCH
`
`(75) Inventor:
`
`Chin-Fu Chang, Taipei County
`(TW)
`
`Correspondence Address:
`NEctual PROPERTY ATTORNEYS
`7225 BEVERLY ST.
`ANNANDALE, VA 22003 (US)
`
`(73) Assignee:
`
`eGalax eMPIA Technology Inc.
`Taipei City (TW)
`s
`
`(21) Appl. No.:
`
`12/500,001
`
`(22) Filed:
`
`Jul. 9, 2009
`
`O
`O
`Related U.S. Application Data
`(60) Provisional application No. 61/103,626, filed on Oct.
`8, 2008.
`
`Foreign Application Priority Data
`(30)
`Jul. 9, 2008 (TW) ................................. O97125842
`Publication Classification
`
`(51) Int. Cl.
`(2006.01)
`G06F 3/044
`(2006.01)
`G06F 3/04
`(52) U.S. Cl. ......................................... 345/174; 34.5/173
`(57)
`ABSTRACT
`This invention discloses a touch device for distinguishing true
`touch. The touch device includes a touch screen, a driving
`unit, and a sensing unit. The touch screen has a plurality of
`first conductive lines and second conductive lines where the
`first and second conductive lines are electrically isolated from
`each other and stacked to form a plurality of coupling inter
`sections. The driving unit operatively drives the first conduc
`tive lines. The sensing unit determines the first conductive
`lines touched or approached by a plurality of objects and also
`determines the coupling intersections touched or approached
`by the objects when the first conductive lines touched or
`approached by the objects are driven. By doing so, the true
`touch and the false touch caused by the objects can be deter
`mined and distinguished.
`
`120
`
`
`
`DELL EXHIBIT 1037 PAGE 1
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`Patent Application Publication
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`Jan. 14, 2010 Sheet 1 of 6
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`US 2010/0007631 A1
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`DELL EXHIBIT 1037 PAGE 2
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`

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`Patent Application Publication
`
`Jan. 14, 2010 Sheet 2 of 6
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`US 2010/0007631 A1
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`200
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`touch
`SC?ee
`
`driving
`unit
`
`sensing
`unit
`
`230
`
`FIG. 2A
`
`200
`
`touch
`SCreen
`
`driving
`unit
`
`Sensing
`unit
`
`230
`
`FIG. 2B
`
`DELL EXHIBIT 1037 PAGE 3
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`

`

`Patent Application Publication
`
`Jan. 14, 2010 Sheet 3 of 6
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`US 2010/0007631 A1
`
`operatively driving a plurality of first conductive lines of the
`touch screen, wherein the first conductive lines and a plurality
`of second conductive lines are electrically isolated from each
`other and stacked to constitute a plurality of coupling
`interSections
`312
`
`determining the first conductive lines touched or approached by
`a plurality of objects
`314
`
`simultaneously determining the coupling intersections touched
`or approached by the objects when the first conductive lines
`touched or approached by the objects are driven
`316
`FIG. 3A
`
`operatively driving a plurality of first conductive lines, wherein
`the first conductive lines and a plurality of second Conductive
`lines are electrically isolated from each other and stacked to
`constitute a plurality of coupling intersections
`322
`
`determining the first conductive lines touched or approached by
`a plurality of objects, wherein the first conductive lines touched
`or approached by the objects are a plurality of selected first
`Conductive lines
`324
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`operatively driving the selected first conductive lines, and
`determining operatively the coupling intersections touched
`or approached by the objects when the selected first
`Conductive lines are driven
`326
`
`FIG. 3B
`
`DELL EXHIBIT 1037 PAGE 4
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`

`

`Patent Application Publication
`
`Jan. 14, 2010 Sheet 4 of 6
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`US 2010/0007631 A1
`
`
`
`operatively driving a plurality of first and second conductive
`lines, wherein the first and second Conductive lines are
`electrically isolated from each other and stacked to
`constitute a plurality of coupling intersections
`332
`
`determining the first and second conductive lines touched or
`approached by a plurality of objects, wherein the first and
`second conductive lines touched or approached by the objects
`are a plurality of selected first and second Conductive lines
`334
`
`operatively driving the selected first conductive lines, and
`operatively sensing the selected second conductive lines to
`determine the coupling intersections touched or approached by
`the objects
`336
`
`FIG. 3C
`
`DELL EXHIBIT 1037 PAGE 5
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`Patent Application Publication
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`Jan. 14, 2010 Sheet 5 of 6
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`US 2010/0007631 A1
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`DELL EXHIBIT 1037 PAGE 6
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`Patent Application Publication
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`Jan. 14, 2010 Sheet 6 of 6
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`US 2010/0007631 A1
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`552
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`DELL EXHIBIT 1037 PAGE 7
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`

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`US 2010/0007631 A1
`
`Jan. 14, 2010
`
`TOUCH METHOD AND DEVICE FOR
`DISTINGUISHING TRUE TOUCH
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`1. Field of the Invention
`0001
`0002 The present invention relates to a touch method and
`device, and more particularly, to a touch method and device
`distinguishing true touch.
`0003 2. Description of the Prior Art
`0004 Referring to FIG. 1, a diagram depicting a prior-art
`touch panel with multi-touch operations and a capacitance
`image is shown. A touch panel 110 has a plurality of first
`conductive lines 112 and a plurality of second conductive
`lines 114. The first and second conductive lines are perpen
`dicularly stacked on and electrically isolated from each other.
`When a sensing signal (not shown) is input to one of the first
`conductive lines 112, it creates a plurality of capacitive cou
`pling with all of the second conductive lines at intersecting
`points, thereby determining the electrical characteristics of
`the intersecting points based on the currentor Voltage on all of
`the second conductive lines. Each of the first conductive lines
`112 are sequentially provided with the sensing signal, and the
`electrical characteristics of all the intersecting points can be
`determined by the sensing process just described.
`0005. When a human, naturally grounded, touches or gets
`near a sensing location (an intersecting point) with his/her
`finger tip, the coupling capacitance of the sensing location is
`influenced, that is, current or Voltage thereof is changed.
`However, when there are two touch points P and P. on the
`touch panel 110, not only the current or voltage at touch
`points P and P would change, but also the current or Voltage
`at two other intersecting points G and G (forming the so
`called “Ghost points'). Thus, two touch points P, and P. will
`result in the current or Voltage change in four intersecting
`points on the touch panel 110 (e.g. (X,Y), (X,Y), (X,Y)
`and (X,Y)) and the actual touch points cannot be identified.
`Explain further from the capacitance image 120, the capaci
`tance image wave PW of a touch point P (X,Y) is differ
`ent from the capacitance image waves GW and GW of
`intersecting points G (X, Y) and GCX,Y) by d and d.
`respectively; the capacitance image wave PW of a touch
`point POX, Y) is different from the capacitance image
`waves GW and GW of the intersecting points G (X,Y)
`and G2(X,Y) by d and d, respectively. However, because
`the magnitudes of d-d are too small, and sensing can be
`easily affected by noises, multi-touch operations are often
`mistakenly determined.
`0006. In view of these problems, the present invention
`provides a touch method and device for distinguishing true
`touch, which improves the problem with multi-touch opera
`tions.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`0007. Therefore, in accordance with the previous sum
`mary, objects, features and advantages of the present disclo
`sure will become apparent to one skilled in the art from the
`Subsequent description and the appended claims taken in
`conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
`0008. The present invention discloses a touch device for
`distinguishing true touch, and the touch device includes a
`touchscreen including a plurality of first conductive lines and
`a plurality of second conductive lines, wherein the first and
`second conductive lines are electrically isolated from each
`
`other and stacked to constitute a plurality of coupling inter
`sections; a driving unit driving the first conductive lines; and
`a sensing unit determining the first conductive lines touched
`or approached by a plurality of objects and operatively deter
`mining the coupling intersections touched or approached by
`the objects to determine the position touched or approached
`by each object when the first conductive lines touched or
`approached by the objects are driven.
`0009. The present invention also discloses a touch device
`for distinguishing true touch, and the touch device includes a
`touch screen including a plurality of first conductive lines and
`a plurality of second conductive lines, wherein the first and
`second conductive lines are electrically isolated from each
`other and stacked to constitute a plurality of coupling inter
`sections; a driving unit operatively driving the first conduc
`tive lines in a first stage and driving a plurality of selected first
`conductive lines in a second stage; a sensing unit determining
`the first conductive lines touched or approached by a plurality
`of objects, wherein the first conductive lines touched or
`approached by the objects are the selected first conductive
`lines. When the selected first conductive lines are driven, the
`sensing unit operatively determines the coupling intersec
`tions touched or approached by the objects to determine the
`position touched or approached by each object.
`0010. The present invention also discloses a touch device
`for distinguishing true touch, and the touch device includes a
`touch screen including a plurality of first conductive lines and
`a plurality of second conductive lines electrically isolated
`from each other and stacked to constitute a plurality of cou
`pling intersections; a driving unit operatively driving the first
`and second conductive lines in a first stage and driving a
`plurality of selected first conductive lines in a second stage;
`and a sensing unit determining the first and second conductive
`lines touched or approached by a plurality of objects, wherein
`the first and second conductive lines touched or approached
`by the objects are operatively the selected first conductive
`lines and a plurality of second conductive lines. When the
`selected first conductive lines are driven, the sensing unit
`operatively senses the selected second conductive lines to
`determine the coupling intersections touched or approached
`by the objects.
`0011. The present invention also discloses a touch method
`for distinguishing true touch, and the touch method includes
`the following steps: driving a plurality of first conductive
`lines operatively, wherein the first conductive lines and a
`plurality of second conductive lines are electrically isolated
`from each other and stacked to constitute a plurality of cou
`pling intersections; determining the first conductive lines
`touched or approached by a plurality of objects; and deter
`mining simultaneously the coupling intersections touched or
`approached by the objects to determine the position touched
`or approached by each object when the first conductive lines
`touched or approached by the objects are driven.
`0012. The present invention also discloses a touch method
`for distinguishing true touch, and the touch method includes
`the following steps: driving a plurality of first conductive
`lines operatively, wherein the first conductive lines and a
`plurality of second conductive lines are electrically isolated
`from each other and stacked to constitute a plurality of cou
`pling intersections; determining the first conductive lines
`touched or approached by a plurality of objects, and the first
`conductive lines touched or approached by the objects are a
`plurality of selected first conductive lines; and driving the
`selected first conductive lines operatively, wherein the cou
`
`DELL EXHIBIT 1037 PAGE 8
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`

`

`US 2010/0007631 A1
`
`Jan. 14, 2010
`
`pling intersections touched or approached by the objects are
`operatively determined to determine the position touched or
`approached by each object when the selected first conductive
`lines are driven.
`0013 The present invention also discloses a touch method
`for distinguishing true touch, and the touch method includes
`the following steps: driving a plurality of first conductive
`lines and a plurality of second conductive lines operatively,
`wherein the first and second conductive lines are electrically
`isolated from each other and stacked to constitute a plurality
`of coupling intersections; determining the first and second
`conductive lines touched or approached by a plurality of
`objects, and the first and second conductive lines touched or
`approached by the objects are a plurality of selected first and
`second conductive lines; and driving the selected first con
`ductive lines operatively and operatively determining the
`coupling intersections touched or approached by the objects
`on the selected second conductive lines so as to determine the
`position touched or approached by each object.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`0014. The accompanying drawings incorporated in and
`forming a part of the specification illustrate several aspects of
`the present invention, and together with the description serve
`to explain the principles of the disclosure. In the drawings:
`0015 FIG. 1 is a diagram depicting a prior-art touch panel
`with multi-touch operations and a capacitance image:
`0016 FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a
`system and a flowchart illustrating steps thereof according to
`a preferred embodiment of the present invention:
`0017 FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating a system shown in
`FIG. 2A and a flowchart illustrating steps thereof according to
`another two preferred embodiments of the present invention;
`0018 FIG.3A is a flowchart illustrating steps according to
`a preferred embodiment of the present invention:
`0019 FIG.3B is a flowchart illustrating steps according to
`another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
`0020 FIG.3C is a flowchart illustrating steps according to
`yet preferred embodiment of the present invention;
`0021
`FIG. 4 is a diagram depicting multi-touch opera
`tions and a capacitance image according to a preferred
`embodiment of the present invention;
`0022 FIG. 5 is a diagram depicting decomposition of a
`structure 500 of the touch screen according to a preferred
`embodiment of the present invention; and
`0023 FIG. 6 is a diagram depicting several preferred
`structures of an electrical conductor according to the present
`invention.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED
`EMBODIMENTS
`0024. The present disclosure can be described by the
`embodiments given below. It is understood, however, that the
`embodiments below are not necessarily limitations to the
`present disclosure, but are used to a typical implementation of
`the invention.
`0025 Having summarized various aspects of the present
`invention, reference will now be made in detail to the descrip
`tion of the invention as illustrated in the drawings. While the
`invention will be described in connection with these draw
`ings, there is no intent to limit it to the embodiment or
`embodiments disclosed therein. On the contrary the intent is
`to cover all alternatives, modifications and equivalents
`
`included within the spirit and scope of the invention as
`defined by the appended claims.
`0026. It is noted that the drawings presents herein have
`been provided to illustrate certain features and aspects of
`embodiments of the invention. It will be appreciated from the
`description provided herein that a variety of alternative
`embodiments and implementations may be realized, consis
`tent with the scope and spirit of the present invention.
`0027. It is also noted that the drawings presents herein are
`not consistent with the same scale. Some scales of some
`components are not proportional to the scales of other com
`ponents in order to provide comprehensive descriptions and
`emphasizes to this present invention.
`0028 Referring to FIG. 2A, a schematic block diagram
`illustrating a system and a flowchart illustrating steps thereof
`according to a preferred embodiment 200 of the present
`invention is shown. A touchscreen 210 includes a plurality of
`first conductive lines and a plurality of second conductive
`lines, and the first and second conductive lines are electrically
`isolated from each other and stacked to constitute a plurality
`of coupling intersections. A driving unit 220 operatively
`drives the first conductive lines, as step 221. A sensing unit
`230 determines the first conductive lines touched or
`approached by a plurality of objects and operatively deter
`mines the coupling intersections touched or approached by
`the objects, as step 232, to determine the position touched or
`approached by each object when the first conductive lines
`touched or approached by the objects are driven. In this
`embodiment, the first conductive lines touched or approached
`by the objects are determined by the comparison between the
`self capacitive coupling variation of the first conductive lines
`and a first threshold, and the coupling intersections touched or
`approached by the objects are determined by the comparison
`between the mutual capacitive coupling variation of the cou
`pling intersections and a second threshold, wherein the first
`and second thresholds could be comparable values preset
`according to practical application.
`0029 Referring to 2B, a diagram illustrating a system
`shown in FIG. 2A and a flowchart illustrating steps thereof
`according to another preferred embodiment of the present
`invention is shown. A touchscreen 210 includes a plurality of
`first and second conductive lines electrically isolated from
`each other and stacked to constitute a plurality of coupling
`intersections. A driving unit 220 operatively drives the first
`conductive lines in a first stage, as step 223, and drives a
`plurality of selected first conductive lines in a second stage, as
`step 225. A sensing unit 230 determines the first conductive
`lines touched or approached by a plurality of objects, as step
`234, wherein the first conductive lines touched or approached
`by the objects are the selected first conductive lines. When the
`selected first conductive lines are driven, the sensing unit 230
`operatively determines the coupling intersections touched or
`approached by the objects, as step 236, to determine the
`position touched or approached by each object. In this
`embodiment, the selected first conductive lines are deter
`mined by the comparison between the self capacitive cou
`pling variation of the first conductive lines and a first thresh
`old, and the coupling intersections touched or approached by
`the objects are determined by the comparison between the
`mutual capacitive coupling variation of the coupling intersec
`tions and a second threshold, wherein the first and second
`thresholds could be comparable values preset according to
`practical application.
`
`DELL EXHIBIT 1037 PAGE 9
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`US 2010/0007631 A1
`
`Jan. 14, 2010
`
`0030 Referring to FIG. 2B again, a diagram illustrating a
`system shown in FIG. 2A and a flowchart illustrating steps
`thereof according to yet another preferred embodiment of the
`present invention is shown. A touch screen 210 includes a
`plurality of first and second conductive lines electrically iso
`lated from each other and stacked to constitute a plurality of
`coupling intersections. A driving unit 220 operatively drives
`the first and second conductive lines in a first stage, as step
`223, and drives a plurality of selected first conductive lines in
`a second stage, as step 225. A sensing unit 230 determines the
`first and second conductive lines touched or approached by a
`plurality of objects, as step 234, wherein the first and second
`conductive lines touched or approached by the objects are
`operatively the selected first and second conductive lines.
`When the selected first conductive lines are driven, the sens
`ing unit 230 operatively senses the selected second conduc
`tive lines, as step 236, to determine the coupling intersections
`touched or approached by the objects. In this embodiment,
`the selected first conductive lines are determined by the com
`parison between the self capacitive coupling variation of the
`first conductive lines and a first threshold; the selected second
`conductive lines are determined by the comparison between
`the self capacitive coupling variation of the selected second
`conductive lines and a third threshold; and the coupling inter
`sections touched or approached by the objects are determined
`by the comparison between the mutual capacitive coupling
`variation of the coupling intersections and a fourth threshold,
`wherein the first, third and fourth thresholds could be com
`parable values preset according to practical application.
`0031 When the number of objects are two, the selected
`first and second conductive lines determine two groups of true
`touch points and two groups of false touch points, and the two
`groups of true and false touch points are separately on the
`diagonals of a virtual parallelogram, wherein the sensing unit
`230 determines the coupling intersections touched or
`approached by the objects from at least one of the two groups
`of true and false touch points in the second stage (e.g. step
`225, 236). The mutual capacitive coupling variation of the
`two groups of true touch points exceed a fifth threshold, and
`the mutual capacitive coupling variation of the two groups of
`false touch points are less than or equal to the fifth threshold.
`In this embodiment, the fifth thresholds could be comparable
`values preset according to practical application.
`0032 Referring to FIG. 3A, a flowchart illustrating steps
`according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
`is shown. Referring to descriptions associated with FIG.2A at
`the same time, in step 312, the driving unit 220 operatively
`drives a plurality of first conductive lines of the touch screen
`210, and the first conductive lines and a plurality of second
`conductive lines are electrically isolated from each other and
`stacked to constitute a plurality of coupling intersections. In
`step 314, the sensing unit 230 determines the first conductive
`lines touched or approached by a plurality of objects. When
`the first conductive lines touched or approached by the
`objects are driven by the driving unit 220, the sensing unit 230
`simultaneously determines the coupling intersections
`touched or approached by the objects, as step 316, to deter
`mine the position touched or approached by each object. In
`this embodiment, the first conductive lines touched or
`approached by the objects are determined by the comparison
`between the self capacitive coupling variation of the first
`conductive lines and a first threshold, and the coupling inter
`sections touched or approached by the objects are determined
`
`by the comparison between the mutual capacitive coupling
`variation of the coupling intersections and a second threshold.
`0033 Referring to FIG. 3B, a flowchart illustrating steps
`according to another preferred embodiment of the present
`invention is shown. Referring to descriptions associated with
`FIG. 2B at the same time, in step 322, the driving unit 220
`operatively drives a plurality of first conductive lines of the
`touchscreen 210, and the first conductive lines and a plurality
`of second conductive lines are electrically isolated from each
`other and stacked to constitute a plurality of coupling inter
`sections. In step 324, the sensing unit 230 determines the first
`conductive lines touched or approached by a plurality of
`objects, and the first conductive lines touched or approached
`by the objects are a plurality of selected first conductive lines.
`In step 326, the driving unit 220 operatively drives the
`selected first conductive lines, and when the selected first
`conductive lines are operatively driven by the driving unit
`220, the sensing unit 230 operatively determines the coupling
`intersections touched or approached by the objects so as to
`determine the position touched or approached by each object.
`the selected first conductive lines are determined by the com
`parison between the self capacitive coupling variation of the
`first conductive lines and a first threshold, and the coupling
`intersections touched or approached by the objects are deter
`mined by the comparison between the mutual capacitive cou
`pling variation of the coupling intersections and a second
`threshold.
`0034 Referring to FIG. 3C, a flowchart illustrating steps
`according to yet another preferred embodiment of the present
`invention is shown. Referring to descriptions associated with
`FIG. 2B at the same time, in step 332, the driving unit 220
`operatively drives a plurality of first and second conductive
`lines of the touch screen 210, and the first and second con
`ductive lines are electrically isolated from each other and
`stacked to constitute a plurality of coupling intersections. In
`step 334, the sensing unit 230 determines the first and second
`conductive lines touched or approached by a plurality of
`objects, and the first and second conductive lines touched or
`approached by the objects are a plurality of selected first and
`second conductive lines. In step 336, the driving unit 220
`operatively drives the selected first conductive lines, and
`when the selected second conductive lines are operatively
`driven, the sensing unit 230 operatively senses the selected
`second conductive lines to determine the coupling intersec
`tions touched or approached by the objects. In this embodi
`ment, the selected first conductive lines are determined by the
`comparison between the self capacitive coupling variation of
`the first conductive lines and a first threshold; the selected
`second conductive lines are determined by the comparison
`between the self capacitive coupling variation of the selected
`second conductive lines and a third threshold; and the cou
`pling intersections touched or approached by the objects are
`determined by the comparison between the mutual capacitive
`coupling variation of the coupling intersections and a fourth
`threshold.
`0035. When the number of objects are two, two groups of
`true touch points and two groups of false touch points are
`determined according to the selected first and second conduc
`tive lines, and the two groups of true and false touchpoints are
`separately on the diagonals of a virtual parallelogram,
`wherein the sensing unit 230 determines at least one coupling
`intersections touched or approached according to the objects
`of the two groups of true and false touch points in the second
`stage (e.g. step 336). The mutual capacitive coupling varia
`
`DELL EXHIBIT 1037 PAGE 10
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`US 2010/0007631 A1
`
`Jan. 14, 2010
`
`tion of the two groups of true touch points exceed a fifth
`threshold, and the mutual capacitive coupling variation of the
`two groups of false touch points are less than or equal to the
`fifth threshold.
`0036 Referring to FIG. 4, a diagram depicting multi
`touch operations and a capacitance image according to a
`preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown. A
`touchscreen 410 includes a plurality of first conductive lines
`412 and a plurality of second conductive lines 414, and the
`first conductive lines 412 and the second conductive lines 414
`are stacked on and electrically isolated from each other. A
`plurality of electrical conductor 416 operatively crosses each
`pair of intersecting first conductive lines 412 and second
`conductive lines 414, and provided around the coupling inter
`sections of the first conductive lines 212 and second conduc
`tive lines 214.
`0037. When there are two touch points P and P, on the
`touchscreen 410, there will be a current or voltage change at
`P and P as well as G and G. Refer to the capacitance image
`420 for further illustration, the capacitance image wave PW
`of a touch point P (X,Y) is different from the capacitance
`image waves GW and GW of intersecting points G (X,
`Y) and GCX,Y) by ds and d7, respectively; the capacitance
`image wave P.W. ofa touchpoint PCX,Y) is different from
`the capacitance image waves GW and GW of the inter
`Secting points G (X, Y) and G2(X, Y) by do and ds.
`respectively. However, the magnitudes of ds-ds are much
`larger than those of d-d shown in FIG. 1. The current or
`Voltage change is obtained from prior art by sensing a single
`mutual capacitance change between the first and second con
`ductive lines 412 and 414, while in this embodiment, the
`current or Voltage change is obtained by sensing three-mu
`tual-capacitance compound change between the first and sec
`ond conductive lines 412 and 414, the first and second con
`ductive lines 412 and 416 and the second conductive line 414
`and electrical conductor 416, as a result, the three-mutual
`capacitance compound change is significantly larger than the
`single mutual capacitance change. Thereby, the touch points
`P and P can be clearly distinguished from the intersecting
`(or ghost) points G and G.
`0038. It should be noted that the present embodiment is
`illustrated in the context of two touch points; however, situ
`ations of more than two touch points can be easily envisaged
`by one with ordinary skills in the art. In other words, any two
`touch points can form a pair of real vertices on a diagonal of
`a virtual parallelogram (e.g. a rectangular or rhombus). Such
`as P and P. On the contrary, a pair of pseudo Vertices is on
`the other diagonal of the virtual parallelogram, Such as G and
`G. The electrical conductor 416 increases the signal differ
`ences between the intersecting points around the real vertices
`and the intersecting points around the pseudo Vertices. In
`addition, the dimension of the electrical conductor 416 deter
`mines the signal differences between the intersecting points
`around the real vertices and the intersecting points around the
`pseudo Vertices. Assuming that the path of the conductor is
`constant, the larger the electrical conductor 416, the larger the
`difference between the intersecting points around the real
`Vertices and the intersecting points around the pseudo Verti
`ces, and Vice versa. It can be appreciated that the relationship
`between the dimension of the conductor 416 and the signal
`difference between the intersecting points around the real
`Vertices and the intersecting points around the pseudo Vertices
`is not necessary linear. Moreover, due to variations in the
`distances between real or pseudo vertices and the neighboring
`
`intersecting points, the number of intersecting points gener
`ating a mutual capacitance may vary. There may be one or
`more of these intersecting points around each vertex that
`generates a mutual capacitance compound change. For sim
`plicity, in FIG.4, there is only one intersecting point near each
`Vertex that generates the mutual capacitance compound
`change, but the present invention is not limited to this. In other
`embodiments of the present invention, there can be one or
`more neighboring intersecting points that contribute to the
`mutual capacitance compound change.
`0039. It should be noted that since sensing of a three
`mutual-capacitance compound change is easier (larger and
`more obvious) than sensing of a single mutual capacitance
`change. Thus, embodiments of the present invention can
`achieve similar resolution with fewer conductive lines. In
`addition, the determined data for determining a touch event or
`not is not limited to digital data, so analog data can be deter
`mined and used to estimate the pressure at a touched location.
`If a finger or a flexible material suppresses a touchscreen 410.
`the greater the force of Suppression, the larger the area of
`contact between the finger or material and the touch screen
`410, and in turns the larger the mutual capacitance compound
`change. When determining a touch event, the magnitude,
`variation, variation trend of the pressure can also be deter
`mined, which can be used to identify gestures associated with
`pressure or pressure variation, for example, identify an
`approaching or leaving finger based on an increasing or
`decreasing pressure trend, or identify movement of a finger
`based on pressures increased at one side and decreased at the
`other side of the finger.
`0040 Thus, when touch screen 210 comprises a plurality
`of electrical conductors 416 correspondingly crossing the
`coupling intersections, the dimension of the electrical con
`ductors 416 will determine all the foregoing second, fourth
`and fifth thresholds.
`0041
`Referring to FIG. 5, a diagram depicting decompo
`sition of a structu