Case 1:20-cv-00034-ADA Document 53-3 Filed 04/27/20 Page 1 of 4
`Case 1:20-cv-00034-ADA Document 53-3 Filed 04/27/20 Page 1 of 4
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`EXHIBIT 25
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`EXHIBIT 25
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`Case 1:20-cv-00034-ADA Document 53-3 Filed 04/27/20 Page 2 of 4
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`Miemsoft
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`Fifth Edit’i-Q”
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`Cpmputer
`DIctIon: r
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`I! Futty updated with the retest-I
`teehnetegiee, terms, and ecreny’fns
`3 Easy te reed, expertly tHuetreteidf
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`I Definitive metege of hardware,
`eeftwere, the Internet, and mere!
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`

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`Case 1:20-cv-00034-ADA Document 53-3 Filed 04/27/20 Page 3 of 4
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`PUBLISHED BY
`Microsoft Press
`A Division of :Microsoft Corporation
`One Microsoft Way
`Redmond, Washington 98052-6399
`
`Copyright © 2002 by Microsoft Corporation
`
`All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
`or by any means without the written pennission of the publisher.
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`Microsoft Computer Dictionary.--5th ed.
`p. cm.
`ISBN 0-7356-1495-4
`1. Computers--Dictionaries. 2. :Microcomputers--Dictionaries.
`
`AQ76.5. M52267 2002
`004'.03--dc21
`
`200219714
`
`Printed and bound in the United States of America.
`
`2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 QWT
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`7 6 5 4 3 2
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`Distributed in Canada by H.B. Fenn and Company Ltd.
`
`A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
`
`Microsoft Press books are available through booksellers and distributors worldwide. For further informa(cid:173)
`tion about international editions, contact your local :Microsoft Corporation office or contact :Microsoft
`Press International directly at fax (425) 936-7329. Visit our Web site at www .microsoft.com/mspress.
`Send comments to mspinput@microsoft.com.
`
`Active Desktop, Active Directory, ActiveMovie, ActiveStore, ActiveSync, ActiveX, Authenticode,
`Back Office, BizTalk, ClearType, Direct3D, DirectAnimation, DirectDraw, Directlnput, DirectMusic,
`DirectPlay, DirectShow, DirectSound, DirectX, Entourage, FoxPro, FrontPage, Hotmail, IntelliEye,
`IntelliMouse, IntelliSense, JScript, MapPoint, :Microsoft, Microsoft Press, Mobile Explorer, MS-DOS,
`MSN, Music Central, NetMeeting, Outlook, PhotoDraw, PowerPoint, SharePoint, UltimateTV, Visio,
`Visual Basic, Visual C++, Visual FoxPro, Visual Inter Dev, Visual J++, Visual SourceSafe, Visual Studio,
`Win32, Win32s, Windows, Windows Media, Windows NT, Xbox are either registered trademarks or
`trademarks of :Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Other product and
`company names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners.
`
`The example companies, organizations, products, domain names, e-mail addresses, logos, people, places,
`and events depicted herein are fictitious. No association with any real company, organization, product,
`domain name, e-mail address, logo, person, place, or event is intended or should be inferred.
`
`Acquisitions Editor: Alex Blanton
`Project Editor: Sandra Haynes
`
`Body Part No. XOS-41929
`
`

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`Case 1:20-cv-00034-ADA Document 53-3 Filed 04/27/20 Page 4 of 4
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`virtual LAN
`
`virtual route
`
`vlrtual LAN n. Short for virtual local area network. A
`local area network consisting of groups of hosts that are
`on physically different segments but that communicate as
`though they were on the same wire. See also LAN.
`
`vlrtual machine n. Software that mimics the perfor(cid:173)
`mance of a hardware device, such as a program that allows
`applications written for an Intel processor to be run on a
`Motorola chip. Acronym: VM.
`vlrtual memory n. Memory that appears to an application
`to be larger and more uniform than it is. Virtual memory
`may be partially simulated by secondary storage such as a
`hard disk. Applications access memory through virtual
`addresses, which are translated (mapped) by special hard(cid:173)
`ware and software onto physical addresses. Acronym: VM.
`Also called: disk memory. See also paging, segmentation.
`vlrtual monitor n. An enhanced monitor viewing system
`for visually impaired users that uses a virtual-reality head(cid:173)
`set to move enlarged text across the screen in a direction
`opposite to head motion. See also virtual reality.
`
`vlrtual name space n. The set of all hierarchical
`sequences of names that can be used by an application to
`locate objects. One such sequence of names defines a path
`through the virtual name space, regardless of whether the
`hierarchy of names reflects the actual arrangement of
`objects around the system. For example, the virtual name
`space of a Web server consists of all possible URLs on the
`network on which it runs. See also URL.
`vlrtual network n. A part of a network that appears to a
`user to be a network of its own. For example, an Internet
`service provider can set up multiple domains on a single
`HTTP server so that each one can be addressed with its
`company's registered domain name. See also domain
`name, HTTP server (definition 1), ISP.
`
`vlrtual path n. 1. A sequence of names that is used to
`locate a file and that has the same form as a pathname in
`the file system but is not necessarily the actual sequence of
`directory names under which the file is located. The part
`of a URL that follows the server name is a virtual path.
`For example, if the directory c:\bar\sinisterYorces\tiis(cid:173)
`tance on the server miles is shared on the local area net(cid:173)
`work atfoo.com under the name \\miles\baz and contains
`the file elena.html, that file may be returned by a Web
`request for http:!lmilesfoo.comlbaz/elena.html. 2. In
`Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), a set of virtual
`channels that are switched together as a unit through the
`network. See also ATM ( definition 1 ), virtual channel.
`
`vlrtual perlpheral n. A peripheral that can be referenced
`but does not physically exist. For example, an application
`might treat a serial port through which data is being trans(cid:173)
`mitted as a printer, but the device receiving the data might
`be another computer instead.
`
`vlrtual printer n. A feature in many operating systems
`that allows printer output to be saved to a file until a
`printer becomes available.
`vlrtual printer device driver n. See virtual device driver.
`
`vlrtual private network n. 1. Nodes on a public network
`such as the Internet that communicate among themselves
`using encryption technology so that their messages are as
`safe from being intercepted and understood by unauthorized
`users as if the nodes were connected by private lines. 2. A
`WAN (wide area network) formed of permanent virtual cir(cid:173)
`cuits (PVCs) on another network, especially a network
`using technologies such as ATM or frame relay. Acronym:
`VPN. See also ATM (definition 1 ), frame relay, PVC.
`
`vlrtual reallty n. A simulated 3-D environment that a
`user can experience and manipulate as if it were physical.
`The user sees the environment on display screens, possi(cid:173)
`bly mounted in a special pair of goggles. Special input
`devices, such as gloves or suits fitted with motion sensors,
`detect the user's actions. Acronym: VR.
`
`Vlrtual Reallty Modellng Language n. See VRML.
`vlrtual real mode n. A feature of the Intel 80386 (SX and
`DX) and later microprocessors that allows them to emu(cid:173)
`late several 8086 (real-mode) environments at the same
`time. The microprocessor provides a set of virtual regis(cid:173)
`ters and virtual memory space to each virtual 8086 envi(cid:173)
`ronment. A program running in a virtual 8086
`environment is completely protected from other virtual
`8086 environments in the system and behaves as if it had
`control of the entire system. Also called: V86 mode, vir(cid:173)
`tual 8086 mode, virtual 86 mode. See also real mode.
`
`vlrtual root n. The root directory that a user sees when
`connected to an Internet server, such as an HTTP or FTP
`server. The virtual root is actually a pointer to the physical
`root directory, which may be in a different location, such
`as on another server. The advantages of using a virtual
`root include being able to create a simple URL for the
`Internet site and to move the root directory without affect(cid:173)
`ing the URL. Also called: v-root. See also pointer (defini(cid:173)
`tion 1 ), root directory, server ( definition 2), URL.
`
`vlrtual route n. See virtual circuit.
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`554
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