5/7/2020
`
`Cysteine - DrugBank
`
`Drugs
`
`Cysteine Targets (13)
`
`Transporters (1)
`
`Biointeractions (1)
`
`IDENTIFICATION
`
`Name
`
`Cysteine
`
`Accession Number
`
`DB00151 (NUTR00018, DB04443, DB09485)
`
`Type
`
`Groups
`
`Small Molecule
`
`Approved, Nutraceutical
`
`Description
`
`A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form cystine.
`
`Structure
`
`O
`
`HS
`
`OH
`
`NH2
`
`3D Download
`
` Similar Structures
`
`Synonyms
`
`(2R)-2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid
`
`(2R)-2-amino-3-sulfanylpropanoic acid
`
`(R)-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid
`
`Cisteina
`
`Cisteinum
`
`Cys
`
`Cysteine
`
`Cysteinum
`
`Free Cysteine
`
`L-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropionic acid
`
`L-Cys
`
`L-Cystein
`
`L-Zystein
`
`External IDs
`
`E 920 / E-920 / E920 / FEMA NO. 3263 / NSC-8746
`
`Product Ingredients
`
`INGREDIENT
`
`UNII
`
`CAS
`
`INCHI KEY
`
`Cysteine hydrochloride
`
`ZT934N0X4W
`
`7048-04-6
`
`QIJRTFXNRTXDIP-JIZZDEOASA-N
`
`Prescription
`Products
`
`Show 10
`
` entries
`
`NAME
`+
`
`Cysteine
`Hydrochloride
`
`+
`
`Elcys
`
`DOSAGE
`
`Injection,
`solution
`
`Injection,
`solution
`
`STRENGTH
`
`ROUTE
`
`LABELLER
`
`0.5 g/10mL
`
`Intravenous Hospira, Inc.
`
`Search
`
`MARKETING
`START
`
`2006-07-18
`
`10 mg/1mL
`
`Intravenous Exela Pharma Sciences,
`LLC
`
`2019-05-28
`
`https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00151
`
`1/23
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`Eton Ex. 1016
`1 of 23
`
`

`

`ADDITIONAL DATA AVAILABLE
`
`5/7/2020
`
`Cysteine - DrugBank
`
`NAME
`+
`
`L Cysteine HCl Inj
`50mg/ml
`
`Drugs
`DOSAGE
`
`Liquid
`
`STRENGTH
`
`ROUTE
`
`LABELLER
`
`Intravenous Abbott
`
`MARKETING
`START
`
`1984-12-31
`
`+
`
`+
`
`+
`
`+
`
`+
`
`+
`
`L-Cysteine
`Hydrochloride
`
`L-Cysteine
`Hydrochloride
`
`L-Cysteine
`Hydrochloride
`
`L-Cysteine
`Hydrochloride
`
`L-Cysteine
`Hydrochloride
`
`Nouress
`
`Injection,
`solution
`
`Injection,
`solution
`
`Injection,
`solution
`
`Injection,
`solution
`
`Injection,
`solution
`
`Injection
`
`Showing 1 to 9 of 9 entries
`
`Mixture Products
`
`Show 10
`
` entries
`
`50 mg/1mL
`
`Intravenous Sandoz
`
`2008-12-01
`
`50 mg/1mL
`
`Intravenous American Regent
`
`2000-01-01
`
`50 mg/1mL
`
`Intravenous Sandoz Inc
`
`2016-06-14
`
`50 mg/1mL
`
`Intravenous American Regent
`
`1990-09-30
`
`50 mg/1mL
`
`Intravenous Sandoz
`
`34.5 mg/1mL
`
`Intravenous Avadel Legacy
`Pharmaceuticals, Llc
`
`2008-12-01
`
`2020-04-01
`
`1
`
`Search
`
`INGREDIENTS
`
`DOSAGE
`
`ROUTE
`
`LABELLER
`
`Liquid
`
`Intravenous B. Braun
`Medical Inc.
`
`MARKETING
`START
`
`MARKETING
`END
`
`1999-05-17
`
`2012-04-16
`
`NAME
`+
`
`8.5%
`Freamine
`III
`
`+
`
`Aminoderm
`Poudre
`
`Cysteine (13.9
`mg) + Alanine
`(600 mg) +
`Arginine (810
`mg) + Glycine
`(1.19 g) +
`Histidine (240
`mg) +
`Isoleucine (590
`mg) + L-Lysine
`(620 mg) +
`Leucine (770
`mg) +
`Phenylalanine
`(480 mg) +
`Proline (950
`mg) +
`Racemethionine
`(450 mg) +
`Serine (500 mg)
`+ Threonine
`(340 mg) +
`Tryptophan (130
`mg) + Valine
`(560 mg)
`
`Cysteine (2 mg)
`+ Glycine (10
`mg) +
`Neomycin
`sulfate (5 mg) +
`Threonine (1
`mg)
`
`Powder
`
`Topical
`
`Desbergers
`LtÉe, Division
`Of Technilab
`Inc.
`
`1968-12-31
`
`2004-08-09
`
`https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00151
`
`2/23
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`↓
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`↓
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`↑
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`↓
`
`Eton Ex. 1016
`2 of 23
`
`

`

`5/7/2020
`
`Cysteine - DrugBank
`
`NAME
`+
`
`Aminosyn
`HF
`
`+
`
`Cicatrin
`Powder
`
`+
`
`Distilpure
`Msm
`
`Drugs
`INGREDIENTS
`
`DOSAGE
`
`ROUTE
`
`LABELLER
`
`MARKETING
`START
`
`MARKETING
`END
`
`Injection,
`solution
`
`Intravenous Hospira, Inc.
`
`2006-01-30
`
`2010-03-01
`
`Powder
`
`Topical
`
`Glaxosmithkline
`Inc
`
`1987-12-31
`
`2009-01-19
`
`Powder
`
`Topical
`
`Mbg Inc (Korea
`Institute of
`Science
`Development)
`
`2017-09-16
`
`2018-09-16
`
`Cysteine
`hydrochloride
`(20 mg/100mL)
`+ Alanine (770
`mg/100mL) +
`Arginine (600
`mg/100mL) +
`Glycine (900
`mg/100mL) +
`Histidine (240
`mg/100mL) +
`Isoleucine (900
`mg/100mL) + L-
`Lysine acetate
`(610
`mg/100mL) +
`Leucine (1100
`mg/100mL) +
`Methionine (100
`mg/100mL) +
`Phenylalanine
`(100
`mg/100mL) +
`Proline (800
`mg/100mL) +
`Serine (500
`mg/100mL) +
`Threonine (450
`mg/100mL) +
`Tryptophan (66
`mg/100mL) +
`Valine (840
`mg/100mL)
`
`Cysteine (2 mg)
`+ Bacitracin
`zinc (250 unit) +
`Glycine (10 mg)
`+ Neomycin
`sulfate (3300
`unit) +
`Threonine (1
`mg)
`
`Cysteine (0.02
`g/100g) +
`Biotin (0.02
`g/100g) +
`Cystine (0.05
`g/100g) +
`Methionine
`(0.02 g/100g) +
`Thiamine
`chloride (0.02
`g/100g)
`
`https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00151
`
`3/23
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`↓
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`↑
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`↓
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`↑
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`↓
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`↑
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`↓
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`↑
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`↓
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`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`Eton Ex. 1016
`3 of 23
`
`

`

`Drugs
`INGREDIENTS
`
`DOSAGE
`
`ROUTE
`
`LABELLER
`
`Injection,
`solution
`
`Intravenous B. Braun
`Medical Inc.
`
`MARKETING
`START
`
`MARKETING
`END
`
`1971-09-24
`
`Not applicable
`
`Injection,
`solution
`
`Intravenous B. Braun
`Medical Inc.
`
`1971-09-24
`
`2012-05-01
`
`5/7/2020
`
`Cysteine - DrugBank
`
`NAME
`+
`
`FreAmine
`HBC
`
`+
`
`FreAmine
`III
`
`Cysteine
`hydrochloride
`(0.014
`g/100mL) +
`Alanine (0.4
`g/100mL) +
`Arginine (0.58
`g/100mL) +
`Glycine (0.33
`g/100mL) +
`Histidine (0.16
`g/100mL) +
`Isoleucine (0.76
`g/100mL) + L-
`Lysine acetate
`(0.41 g/100mL)
`+ Leucine (1.37
`g/100mL) +
`Methionine
`(0.25 g/100mL)
`+ Phenylalanine
`(0.32 g/100mL)
`+ Proline (0.63
`g/100mL) +
`Serine (0.33
`g/100mL) +
`Threonine (0.2
`g/100mL) +
`Tryptophan
`(0.09 g/100mL)
`+ Valine (0.88
`g/100mL)
`
`Cysteine
`hydrochloride
`(0.016
`g/100mL) +
`Alanine (0.71
`g/100mL) +
`Arginine (0.95
`g/100mL) +
`Glycine (1.4
`g/100mL) +
`Histidine (0.28
`g/100mL) +
`Isoleucine (0.69
`g/100mL) + L-
`Lysine acetate
`(0.73 g/100mL)
`+ Leucine (0.91
`g/100mL) +
`Methionine
`(0.53 g/100mL)
`+ Phenylalanine
`(0.56 g/100mL)
`+ Phosphoric
`acid (0.12
`g/100mL) +
`Proline (1.12
`g/100mL) +
`Serine (0.59
`g/100mL) +
`Threonine (0.4
`g/100mL) +
`Tryptophan
`(0.15 g/100mL)
`+ Valine (0.66
`g/100mL)
`
`https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00151
`
`4/23
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`Eton Ex. 1016
`4 of 23
`
`

`

`MARKETING
`START
`
`MARKETING
`END
`
`1971-09-24
`
`Not applicable
`
`5/7/2020
`
`Cysteine - DrugBank
`
`NAME
`+
`
`FreAmine
`III
`
`Drugs
`INGREDIENTS
`
`DOSAGE
`
`ROUTE
`
`LABELLER
`
`Injection,
`solution
`
`Intravenous B. Braun
`Medical Inc.
`
`Cysteine
`hydrochloride
`(0.016
`g/100mL) +
`Alanine (0.71
`g/100mL) +
`Arginine (0.95
`g/100mL) +
`Glycine (1.4
`g/100mL) +
`Histidine (0.28
`g/100mL) +
`Isoleucine (0.69
`g/100mL) + L-
`Lysine acetate
`(0.73 g/100mL)
`+ Leucine (0.91
`g/100mL) +
`Methionine
`(0.53 g/100mL)
`+ Phenylalanine
`(0.56 g/100mL)
`+ Phosphoric
`acid (0.12
`g/100mL) +
`Proline (1.12
`g/100mL) +
`Serine (0.59
`g/100mL) +
`Threonine (0.4
`g/100mL) +
`Tryptophan
`(0.15 g/100mL)
`+ Valine (0.66
`g/100mL)
`
`https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00151
`
`5/23
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`Eton Ex. 1016
`5 of 23
`
`

`

`5/7/2020
`
`Cysteine - DrugBank
`
`MARKETING
`START
`
`MARKETING
`END
`
`1971-09-24
`
`2013-08-01
`
`NAME
`+
`
`FreAmine
`III
`
`Drugs
`INGREDIENTS
`
`DOSAGE
`
`ROUTE
`
`LABELLER
`
`Injection,
`solution
`
`Intravenous B. Braun
`Medical Inc.
`
`Cysteine
`hydrochloride
`(0.014
`g/100mL) +
`Alanine (0.21
`g/100mL) +
`Arginine (0.29
`g/100mL) +
`Glycine (0.42
`g/100mL) +
`Histidine (0.085
`g/100mL) +
`Isoleucine (0.21
`g/100mL) + L-
`Lysine acetate
`(0.22 g/100mL)
`+ Leucine (0.27
`g/100mL) +
`Magnesium
`acetate (0.054
`g/100mL) +
`Methionine
`(0.16 g/100mL)
`+ Phenylalanine
`(0.17 g/100mL)
`+ Phosphoric
`acid (0.040
`g/100mL) +
`Potassium
`chloride (0.15
`g/100mL) +
`Proline (0.34
`g/100mL) +
`Serine (0.18
`g/100mL) +
`Sodium acetate
`trihydrate (0.2
`g/100mL) +
`Sodium chloride
`(0.12 g/100mL)
`+ Threonine
`(0.12 g/100mL)
`+ Tryptophan
`(0.046
`g/100mL) +
`Valine (0.2
`g/100mL)
`
`https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00151
`
`6/23
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`Eton Ex. 1016
`6 of 23
`
`

`

`5/7/2020
`
`Cysteine - DrugBank
`
`MARKETING
`START
`
`MARKETING
`END
`
`1971-09-24
`
`2013-05-01
`
`NAME
`+
`
`FreAmine
`III
`
`Drugs
`INGREDIENTS
`
`DOSAGE
`
`ROUTE
`
`LABELLER
`
`Injection,
`solution
`
`Intravenous B. Braun
`Medical Inc.
`
`Cysteine
`hydrochloride
`(0.014
`g/100mL) +
`Alanine (0.6
`g/100mL) +
`Arginine (0.81
`g/100mL) +
`Glycine (1.19
`g/100mL) +
`Histidine (0.24
`g/100mL) +
`Isoleucine (0.59
`g/100mL) + L-
`Lysine acetate
`(0.62 g/100mL)
`+ Leucine (0.77
`g/100mL) +
`Methionine
`(0.45 g/100mL)
`+ Phenylalanine
`(0.48 g/100mL)
`+ Phosphoric
`acid (0.115
`g/100mL) +
`Proline (0.95
`g/100mL) +
`Serine (0.5
`g/100mL) +
`Threonine (0.34
`g/100mL) +
`Tryptophan
`(0.13 g/100mL)
`+ Valine (0.56
`g/100mL)
`
`Showing 1 to 10 of 26 entries
`
`1
`
`2
`
`3
`
`›
`
`Unapproved/Other
`Products
`
`Show 10
`
` entries
`
`INGREDIENTS
`
`DOSAGE
`
`NAME
`+
`
`Distilpure
`Msm
`
`+
`
`+
`
`+
`
`+
`
`L-Cysteine
`Hydrochloride
`
`L-Cysteine
`Hydrochloride
`
`L-Cysteine
`Hydrochloride
`
`L-Cysteine
`Hydrochloride
`
`Cysteine (0.02
`g/100g) +
`Biotin (0.02
`g/100g) +
`Cystine (0.05
`g/100g) +
`Methionine
`(0.02 g/100g) +
`Thiamine
`chloride (0.02
`g/100g)
`
`Cysteine
`hydrochloride
`(50 mg/1mL)
`
`Cysteine
`hydrochloride
`(50 mg/1mL)
`
`Cysteine
`hydrochloride
`(50 mg/1mL)
`
`Cysteine
`hydrochloride
`(50 mg/1mL)
`
`Search
`
`MARKETING
`START
`
`MARKETING
`END
`
`2017-09-16
`
`2018-09-16
`
`ROUTE
`
`Topical
`
`LABELLER
`
`Mbg Inc
`(Korea
`Institute of
`Science
`Development)
`
`Intravenous Sandoz
`
`2008-12-01
`
`2016-07-01
`
`Intravenous Sandoz Inc
`
`2016-06-14
`
`2021-06-30
`
`Powder
`
`Injection,
`solution
`
`Injection,
`solution
`
`Injection,
`solution
`
`Intravenous American
`Regent
`
`2000-01-01
`
`2016-11-09
`
`Injection,
`solution
`
`Intravenous American
`Regent
`
`1990-09-30
`
`2016-11-09
`
`https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00151
`
`7/23
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`↓
`
`↑
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`↓
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`↑
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`↓
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`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`‹
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`Eton Ex. 1016
`7 of 23
`
`

`

`5/7/2020
`
`Cysteine - DrugBank
`
`DOSAGE
`
`ROUTE
`
`LABELLER
`
`MARKETING
`START
`
`MARKETING
`END
`
`Injection,
`solution
`
`Intravenous Sandoz
`
`2008-12-01
`
`2016-07-15
`
`Powder
`
`Topical
`
`Mbg Inc
`(Korea
`Institute of
`Science
`Development)
`
`2016-09-16
`
`2016-09-16
`
`Injection,
`solution
`
`Intravenous Baxter
`Healthcare
`Corporation
`
`2017-11-22
`
`Not applicable
`
`NAME
`+
`
`L-Cysteine
`Hydrochloride
`
`+
`
`Medi Msm
`(methyl
`Sulfonyl
`Methane)
`
`+
`
`Primene
`
`Drugs
`INGREDIENTS
`
`Cysteine
`hydrochloride
`(50 mg/1mL)
`
`Cysteine (0.02
`g/100g) +
`Biotin (0.02
`g/100g) +
`Cystine (0.05
`g/100g) +
`Methionine
`(0.02 g/100g) +
`Thiamine
`chloride (0.02
`g/100g)
`
`Cysteine (0.47
`g/250mL) +
`Alanine (2
`g/250mL) +
`Arginine (2.1
`g/250mL) +
`Aspartic acid
`(1.5 g/250mL)
`+ Glutamic acid
`(2.5 g/250mL)
`+ Glycine (1
`g/250mL) +
`Histidine (0.95
`g/250mL) +
`Isoleucine
`(1.675
`g/250mL) + L-
`Lysine (2.75
`g/250mL) +
`Leucine (2.5
`g/250mL) +
`Methionine
`(0.6 g/250mL)
`+ Ornithine
`hydrochloride
`(0.8 g/250mL)
`+ Phenylalanine
`(1.05 g/250mL)
`+ Proline (0.75
`g/250mL) +
`Serine (1
`g/250mL) +
`Taurine (0.15
`g/250mL) +
`Threonine (0.9
`g/250mL) +
`Tryptophan
`(0.5 g/250mL)
`+ Tyrosine (0.11
`g/250mL) +
`Valine (1.9
`g/250mL)
`
`Showing 1 to 8 of 8 entries
`
`1
`
`International/Other
`Brands
`
`Nouress
`
`Categories
`
`Amino Acids
`
`Amino Acids, Neutral
`
`Amino Acids, Peptides, and
`Proteins
`
`Amino Acids, Sulfur
`
`Caloric Agents
`
`https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00151
`
`8/23
`
`↑
`
`↓
`
`↑
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`↓
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`5/7/2020
`
`Cysteine
`
`Dietary Supplements
`
`Drugs
`
`Cysteine - DrugBank
`Nutritional Support
`
`Sulfur Compounds
`
`Sulydryl Compounds
`
`Supplements
`
`UNII
`
`K848JZ4886
`
`CAS number
`
`52-90-4
`
`Weight
`
`Average: 121.158
`Monoisotopic: 121.019749163
`
`Chemical Formula
`
`C H NO S
`3 7
`2
`
`InChI Key
`
`XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N
`
`InChI
`
`InChI=1S/C3H7NO2S/c4-2(1-7)3(5)6/h2,7H,1,4H2,(H,5,6)/t2-/m0/s1
`
`IUPAC Name
`
`(2R)-2-amino-3-sulfanylpropanoic acid
`
`SMILES
`
`N[C@@H](CS)C(O)=O
`
`PHARMACOLOGY
`
`Indication
`
`Associated
`Therapies
`
`For the prevention of liver damage and kidney damage associated with overdoses of
`acetaminophen
`
`Total parenteral nutrition therapy
`
`Pharmacodynamics Due to this ability to undergo redox reactions, cysteine has antioxidant properties. Cysteine is an
`important source of sulfur in human metabolism, and although it is classified as a non-essential
`amino acid, cysteine may be essential for infants, the elderly, and individuals with certain
`metabolic disease or who suffer from malabsorption syndromes. Cysteine may at some point be
`recognized as an essential or conditionally essential amino acid.
`
`Mechanism of
`action
`
`Cysteine can usually be synthesized by the human body under normal physiological conditions if a
`sufficient quantity of methionine is available. Cysteine is typically synthesized in the human body
`when there is sufficient methionine available. Cysteine exhibits antioxidant properties and
`participates in redox reactions. Cysteine's antioxidant properties are typically expressed in the
`tripeptide glutathione, which occurs in humans as well as other organisms. Glutathione (GSH)
`typically requires biosynthesis from its constituent amino acids, cysteine, glycine, and glutamic
`acid, due to its limited systemic availability. Glutamic acid and glycine are readily available in the
`diets of most industrialized countries, but the availability of cysteine can be the limiting
`substrate. In human metabolism, cysteine is also involved in the generation of sulfide present in
`iron-sulfur clusters and nitrogenase by acting as a precursor. In a 1994 report released by five top
`cigarette companies, cysteine is one of the 599 additives to cigarettes. Its use or purpose,
`however, is unknown, like most cigarette additives. Its inclusion in cigarettes could offer two
`benefits: Acting as an expectorant, since smoking increases mucus production in the lungs; and
`increasing the beneficial antioxidant glutathione (which is diminished in smokers).
`
`TARGET
`
`ACTIONS
`
`ORGANISM
`
`U Glutamate--cysteine ligase regulatory subunit
`
`U Glutamate--cysteine ligase catalytic subunit
`
`U Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic
`
`U Cystathionine gamma-lyase
`
`U Cystathionine beta-synthase
`
`U Cysteine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic
`
`U Methylated-DNA--protein-cysteine methyltransferase
`
`Not Available
`
`Not Available
`
`substrate
`
`Not Available
`
`Not Available
`
`substrate
`
`Not Available
`
`Humans
`
`Humans
`
`Humans
`
`Humans
`
`Humans
`
`Humans
`
`Humans
`
`https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00151
`
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`

`5/7/2020
`
`Cysteine - DrugBank
`
`TARGET
`
`Drugs
`U Glutathione synthetase
`
`U
`
`Thiamine transporter 2
`
`U Probable cysteine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial
`
`U Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase
`
`U Cysteine desulfurase, mitochondrial
`
`U Cysteine dioxygenase type 1
`
`ACTIONS
`
`ORGANISM
`
`Not Available
`
`Not Available
`
`substrate
`
`Not Available
`
`Not Available
`
`Not Available
`
`Humans
`
`Humans
`
`Humans
`
`Humans
`
`Humans
`
`Humans
`
` ADDITIONAL DATA AVAILABLE
`
` ADDITIONAL DATA AVAILABLE
`
`Adverse Effects
`
`Contraindications
`
`Comprehensive structured data on known drug adverse effects with
`statistical prevalence. MedDRA and ICD10 ids are provided for adverse
`effect conditions and symptoms.
`
`Structured data covering drug contraindications. Each contraindication
`describes a scenario in which the drug is not to be used. Includes
`restrictions on co-administration, contraindicated populations, and more.
`
`LEARN MORE
`
`LEARN MORE
`
` ADDITIONAL DATA AVAILABLE
`
`Blackbox Warnings
`
`Structured data representing warnings from the black box section of drug
`labels. These warnings cover important and dangerous risks,
`contraindications, or adverse effects.
`
`LEARN MORE
`
`Absorption
`
`Not Available
`
`Volume of
`distribution
`
`Not Available
`
`Protein binding
`
`Not Available
`
`Metabolism
`
`Not Available
`
`Route of
`elimination
`
`Not Available
`
`Half life
`
`Not Available
`
`Clearance
`
`Not Available
`
`Toxicity
`
`Not Available
`
`Affected organisms Humans and other mammals
`
`Pathways
`
`PATHWAY
`
`Glycine and Serine Metabolism
`
`Taurine and Hypotaurine Metabolism
`
`Glutamate Metabolism
`
`Polythiazide Action Pathway
`
`Bumetanide Action Pathway
`
`Quinethazone Action Pathway
`
`Indapamide Action Pathway
`
`Trichlormethiazide Action Pathway
`
`Spironolactone Action Pathway
`
`CATEGORY
`
`Metabolic
`
`Metabolic
`
`Metabolic
`
`Drug action
`
`Drug action
`
`Drug action
`
`Drug action
`
`Drug action
`
`Drug action
`
`https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00151
`
`10/23
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`

`5/7/2020
`
`Cysteine - DrugBank
`
`PATHWAY
`
`Drugs
`
`Eplerenone Action Pathway
`
`Cystathionine beta-Synthase Deficiency
`
`Hyperinsulinism-Hyperammonemia Syndrome
`
`gamma-Glutamyltranspeptidase Deficiency
`
`Pantothenate and CoA Biosynthesis
`
`Methionine Metabolism
`
`Chlorothiazide Action Pathway
`
`Bendroflumethiazide Action Pathway
`
`Ethacrynic Acid Action Pathway
`
`Cyclothiazide Action Pathway
`
`Hydroflumethiazide Action Pathway
`
`Chlorthalidone Action Pathway
`
`Amiloride Action Pathway
`
`2-Hydroxyglutric Aciduria (D and L Form)
`
`gamma-Glutamyltransferase Deficiency
`
`Glucose Transporter Defect (SGLT2)
`
`Iminoglycinuria
`
`Methionine Adenosyltransferase Deficiency
`
`Non-Ketotic Hyperglycinemia
`
`4-Hydroxybutyric Aciduria/Succinic Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase Deficiency
`
`Sarcosinemia
`
`Pharmacogenomic
`Effects/ADRs
`
`Not Available
`
`CATEGORY
`
`Drug action
`
`Disease
`
`Disease
`
`Disease
`
`Metabolic
`
`Metabolic
`
`Drug action
`
`Drug action
`
`Drug action
`
`Drug action
`
`Drug action
`
`Drug action
`
`Drug action
`
`Disease
`
`Disease
`
`Disease
`
`Disease
`
`Disease
`
`Disease
`
`Disease
`
`Disease
`
`INTERACTIONS
`
`Drug Interactions
`
`This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe
`you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an
`interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
`
`Not Available
`
`Food Interactions
`
`Not Available
`
`REFERENCES
`
`Synthesis Reference Alfred Maierhofer, Hans Wagner, "Process for the production of high purity S-carboxymethyl-L-
`cysteine." U.S. Patent US4129593, issued May, 1965.
`US4129593
`
`General References
`
`1. Bulaj G, Kortemme T, Goldenberg DP: Ionization-reactivity relationships for cysteine thiols in polypeptides.
`Biochemistry. 1998 Jun 23;37(25):8965-72. [PubMed:9636038]
`2. Baker DH, Czarnecki-Maulden GL: Pharmacologic role of cysteine in ameliorating or exacerbating mineral toxicities. J
`Nutr. 1987 Jun;117(6):1003-10. [PubMed:3298579]
`
`External Links
`
`Human Metabolome Database
`
`HMDB0000574
`
`KEGG Drug
`
`KEGG Compound
`
`PubChem Compound
`
`D00026
`
`C00097
`
`5862
`
`https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00151
`
`11/23
`
`Eton Ex. 1016
`11 of 23
`
`

`

`5/7/2020
`
`PubChem Substance
`
`ChemSpider
`
`BindingDB
`
`RxNav
`
`ChEBI
`
`ChEMBL
`
`ZINC
`
`PharmGKB
`
`PDBe Ligand
`
`Wikipedia
`
`Drugs
`
`Cysteine - DrugBank
`46506553
`
`5653
`
`50109609
`
`3024
`
`17561
`
`CHEMBL863
`
`ZINC000000895042
`
`PA449173
`
`CYS
`
`L-Cysteine
`
`AHFS Codes
`
`40:20.00 — Caloric Agents
`
`MSDS
`
`Download (73.2 KB)
`
`CLINICAL TRIALS
`
`Clinical Trials
`
`Show 10
`
` entries
`
`PHASE
`
`STATUS
`
`PURPOSE
`
`CONDITIONS
`
`0
`
`0
`
`0
`
`0
`
`0
`
`0
`
`Completed Basic
`Science
`
`Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD)
`
`Completed Treatment
`
`Anosmia
`
`Recruiting Other
`
`Bipolar Disorder (BD) / Depression
`
`Recruiting Treatment
`
`Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
`
`Recruiting Treatment
`
`Ameliorating Oxidative Stress in Type 1 Diabetes
`
`Recruiting Treatment
`
`Search
`
`COUNT
`
`1
`
`1
`
`1
`
`1
`
`1
`
`1
`
`Endodontic Disease
`
`Active Not
`Recruiting
`
`Diagnostic
`
`Dependence, Cocaine / Healthy Volunteers
`
`Completed Prevention
`
`Oxidative Stress
`
`Completed Treatment
`
`Pathological Gambling
`
`Completed Treatment
`
`Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP)
`
`1
`
`1
`
`1
`
`1
`
`1
`
`1
`
`1
`
`1
`
`Showing 1 to 10 of 71 entries
`
`1
`
`2
`
`3
`
`4
`
`5
`
`8
`
`›
`
`PHARMACOECONOMICS
`
`Manufacturers
`
`Hospira inc
`
`Packagers
`
`Amend
`
`American Regent
`
`Spectrum
`Pharmaceuticals
`
`Dosage forms
`
`Show 10
`
` entries
`
`FORM
`
`Liquid
`
`Injection, solution
`
`Powder
`
`Injection, solution
`
`Injection, solution
`
`Injection
`
`Liquid
`
`ROUTE
`
`Intravenous
`
`Intravenous
`
`Topical
`
`Intravenous
`
`Intravenous
`
`Intravenous
`
`Intravenous
`
`Search
`
`STRENGTH
`
`0.5 g/10mL
`
`10 mg/1mL
`
`https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00151
`
`12/23
`
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`
`Prices
`
`FORM
`
`Injection, solution
`
`Drugs
`
`Injection
`
`Solution
`
`Showing 1 to 10 of 10 entries
`
`Show 10
`
` entries
`
`UNIT DESCRIPTION
`
`L-cysteine powder
`
`L-cysteine 50 mg/ml vial
`
`L-cysteine hcl powder
`
`Showing 1 to 3 of 3 entries
`
`Cysteine - DrugBank
`
`ROUTE
`
`Intravenous
`
`Intravenous
`
`Intravenous
`
`STRENGTH
`
`50 mg/1mL
`
`34.5 mg/1mL
`
`COST
`
`1.65USD
`
`0.4USD
`
`0.3USD
`
`Search
`
`UNIT
`
`g
`
`ml
`
`g
`
`1
`
`1
`
`DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.
`
`Patents
`
`Show 10
`
` entries
`
`Search
`
`PATENT NUMBER
`
`PEDIATRIC EXTENSION
`
`APPROVED
`
`EXPIRES (ESTIMATED)
`
`US10478453
`
`US10493051
`
`US10543186
`
`US10583155
`
`No
`
`No
`
`No
`
`No
`
`Showing 1 to 4 of 4 entries
`
`2019-11-19
`
`2019-12-03
`
`2019-03-15
`
`2019-01-15
`
`2039-01-15
`
`2039-03-15
`
`2039-03-15
`
`2039-01-15
`
`1
`
`PROPERTIES
`
`State
`
`Solid
`
`VALUE
`
`SOURCE
`
`Experimental
`Properties
`
`PROPERTY
`
`melting point (°C)
`
`240 dec °C
`
`water solubility
`
`2.77E+005 mg/L (at 25 °C)
`
`PhysProp
`
`BEILSTEIN
`
`logP
`
`pKa
`
`-2.49
`
`1.71
`
`HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
`
`MERCK INDEX (1996); pK1
`
`Predicted
`Properties
`
`PROPERTY
`
`Water Solubility
`
`logP
`
`logP
`
`logS
`
`pKa (Strongest Acidic)
`
`pKa (Strongest Basic)
`
`Physiological Charge
`
`Hydrogen Acceptor Count
`
`Hydrogen Donor Count
`
`Polar Surface Area
`
`Rotatable Bond Count
`
`Refractivity
`
`Polarizability
`
`Number of Rings
`
`Bioavailability
`
`VALUE
`
`23.1 mg/mL
`
`-2.6
`
`-2.8
`
`-0.72
`
`2.35
`
`9.05
`
`0
`
`3
`
`3
`
`63.32 Å
`2
`
`2
`
`28.22 m ·mol
`3
`-1
`
`11.41 Å
`3
`
`0
`
`1
`
`SOURCE
`
`ALOGPS
`
`ALOGPS
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ALOGPS
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00151
`
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`↓
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`↓
`
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`›
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`↑
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`↓
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`↑
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`↓
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`
`Eton Ex. 1016
`13 of 23
`
`

`

`5/7/2020
`
`Cysteine - DrugBank
`
`Drugs
`
`PROPERTY
`
`Rule of Five
`
`Ghose Filter
`
`Veber's Rule
`
`MDDR-like Rule
`
`Predicted ADMET
`features
`
`PROPERTY
`
`Human Intestinal Absorption
`
`Blood Brain Barrier
`
`Caco-2 permeable
`
`P-glycoprotein substrate
`
`P-glycoprotein inhibitor I
`
`P-glycoprotein inhibitor II
`
`Renal organic cation transporter
`
`CYP450 2C9 substrate
`
`CYP450 2D6 substrate
`
`CYP450 3A4 substrate
`
`CYP450 1A2 substrate
`
`CYP450 2C9 inhibitor
`
`VALUE
`
`Yes
`
`No
`
`No
`
`No
`
`VALUE
`
`+
`
`+
`
`-
`
`Non-substrate
`
`Non-inhibitor
`
`Non-inhibitor
`
`Non-inhibitor
`
`Non-substrate
`
`Non-substrate
`
`Non-substrate
`
`Non-inhibitor
`
`Non-inhibitor
`
`Non-inhibitor
`
`SOURCE
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`PROBABILITY
`
`0.9698
`
`0.5918
`
`0.721
`
`0.8141
`
`0.984
`
`0.9903
`
`0.9462
`
`0.8473
`
`0.8141
`
`0.8245
`
`0.94
`
`0.9584
`
`0.9665
`
`CYP450 2D6 inhibitor
`
`CYP450 2C19 inhibitor
`
`CYP450 3A4 inhibitor
`
`Non-inhibitor
`
`Non-inhibitor
`
`CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity
`
`Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity
`
`Ames test
`
`Carcinogenicity
`
`Biodegradation
`
`Rat acute toxicity
`
`hERG inhibition (predictor I)
`
`hERG inhibition (predictor II)
`
`AMES toxic
`
`Non-carcinogens
`
`Ready biodegradable
`
`1.7757 LD50, mol/kg
`
`Weak inhibitor
`
`Non-inhibitor
`
`0.9634
`
`0.9602
`
`0.9888
`
`0.9107
`
`0.7998
`
`0.7577
`
`Not applicable
`
`0.9891
`
`0.9684
`
`ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties.
`(23092397)
`
`SPECTRA
`
`Mass Spec (NIST)
`
`Download (8.4 KB)
`
`Spectra
`
`SPECTRUM
`
`GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC
`6890, Agilent Technologies) (4 TMS)
`
`GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC
`6890, Agilent Technologies) (4 TMS)
`
`GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC
`6890, Agilent Technologies) (4 TMS)
`
`GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC
`6890, Agilent Technologies)
`
`GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC
`6890, Agilent Technologies) (4 TMS)
`
`Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS
`
`GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B
`
`SPECTRUM
`TYPE
`
`GC-MS
`
`GC-MS
`
`GC-MS
`
`GC-MS
`
`GC-MS
`
`Predicted
`GC-MS
`
`GC-MS
`
`SPLASH KEY
`
`splash10-00kb-0950000000-
`df7e91c95b610ff21c79
`
`splash10-00kb-0940000000-
`aefe34765447090a23
`
`splash10-00kb-0970000000-
`10a155c40ea499023052
`
`splash10-00kb-0940000000-
`037a3a34651c3154b3b3
`
`splash10-00di-9850000000-
`118c43e33861a6baa8d2
`
`Not Available
`
`splash10-014j-0690100000-
`0aeb88fd507505e6b718
`
`https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00151
`
`14/23
`
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`14 of 23
`
`

`

`5/7/2020
`
`Cysteine - DrugBank
`
`SPECTRUM
`
`Drugs
`
`GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF
`
`GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF
`
`GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF
`
`GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF
`
`GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-QQ
`
`GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF
`
`GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF
`
`SPECTRUM
`TYPE
`
`SPLASH KEY
`
`GC-MS
`
`GC-MS
`
`GC-MS
`
`GC-MS
`
`GC-MS
`
`GC-MS
`
`GC-MS
`
`splash10-00kb-0950000000-
`df7e91c95b610ff21c79
`
`splash10-00kb-0940000000-
`aefe34765447090a23
`
`splash10-00kb-0970000000-
`10a155c40ea499023052
`
`splash10-00kb-0940000000-
`037a3a34651c3154b3b3
`
`splash10-0uk9-5619100000-
`8cb2558373966174ced3
`
`splash10-00di-9850000000-
`118c43e33861a6baa8d2
`
`splash10-0gi0-0960000000-
`03b2097de6f9637d29cb
`
`splash10-00b9-9600000000-
`374c5872d68662832769
`
`splash10-0a4i-9000000000-
`ddbd3df6b8dbb280a
`
`splash10-0a4i-9000000000-
`320a2c77443b80ebf733
`
`splash10-0089-0900000000-
`9dcd3d757c5cd11eb18e
`
`splash10-0udi-3900000000-
`212e081fe83ad70de0ad
`
`splash10-000i-9000000000-
`2eb01f41c225f614db24
`
`splash10-001i-0900000000-
`a19834eb7cb9f211fdf2
`
`splash10-00di-0900000000-
`2458f2587761e779ed93
`
`splash10-0a4i-9000000000-
`77e590f0ed26f69b31c0
`
`splash10-0udi-3900000000-
`7b1857997392b006b95f
`
`splash10-0a4i-3900000000-
`bc268c27ed5706a4bbd2
`
`splash10-00di-0900000000-
`4573390bccc238e3c91b
`
`Not Available
`
`Not Available
`
`Not Available
`
`Not Available
`
`Not Available
`
`Not Available
`
`splash10-0udi-3900000000-
`212e081fe83ad70de0ad
`
`splash10-0udi-3900000000-
`7b1857997392b006b95f
`
`MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)
`
`LC-MS/MS
`
`MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)
`
`LC-MS/MS
`
`MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)
`
`LC-MS/MS
`
`LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo
`Scientfic) , Positive
`
`LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo
`Scientfic) , Positive
`
`LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo
`Scientfic) , Positive
`
`LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo
`Scientfic) , Positive
`
`LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo
`Scientfic) , Positive
`
`LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo
`Scientfic) , Positive
`
`LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo
`Scientfic) , Positive
`
`LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo
`Scientfic) , Positive
`
`MS/MS Spectrum - CE-ESI-TOF (CE-system connected to 6210 Time-
`of-Flight MS, Agilent) , Positive
`
`Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)
`
`Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)
`
`Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)
`
`Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)
`
`Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)
`
`Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)
`
`LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT , positive
`
`LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT , positive
`
`LC-MS/MS
`
`LC-MS/MS
`
`LC-MS/MS
`
`LC-MS/MS
`
`LC-MS/MS
`
`LC-MS/MS
`
`LC-MS/MS
`
`LC-MS/MS
`
`LC-MS/MS
`
`Predicted
`LC-MS/MS
`
`Predicted
`LC-MS/MS
`
`Predicted
`LC-MS/MS
`
`Predicted
`LC-MS/MS
`
`Predicted
`LC-MS/MS
`
`Predicted
`LC-MS/MS
`
`LC-MS/MS
`
`LC-MS/MS
`
`13C NMR Spectrum
`
`1H NMR Spectrum
`
`1D NMR
`
`1D NMR
`
`Not Applicable
`
`Not Applicable
`
`https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00151
`
`15/23
`
`Eton Ex. 1016
`15 of 23
`
`

`

`5/7/2020
`
`Cysteine - DrugBank
`
`SPECTRUM
`
`1H NMR Spectrum
`
`Drugs
`
`[1H,1H] 2D NMR Spectrum
`
`[1H,13C] 2D NMR Spectrum
`
`SPECTRUM
`TYPE
`
`1D NMR
`
`2D NMR
`
`2D NMR
`
`SPLASH KEY
`
`Not Applicable
`
`Not Applicable
`
`Not Applicable
`
`TAXONOMY
`
`Description
`
`This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cysteine and derivatives. These are
`compounds containing cysteine or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of cysteine at the amino
`group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom.
`
`Kingdom
`
`Organic compounds
`
`Super Class
`
`Organic acids and derivatives
`
`Class
`
`Carboxylic acids and derivatives
`
`Sub Class
`
`Amino acids, peptides, and analogues
`
`Direct Parent
`
`Cysteine and derivatives
`
`L-alpha-amino acids / Amino acids /
`Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids /
`Alkylthiols / Organopnictogen compounds /
`Organic oxides / Monoalkylamines /
`Hydrocarbon derivatives / Carbonyl compounds
`
`Cysteine or derivatives / Alpha-amino acid /
`L-alpha-amino acid / Amino acid / Alkylthiol /
`Carboxylic acid / Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives /
`Organic oxygen compound / Primary amine /
`Organosulfur compound
`
`Aliphatic acyclic compounds
`
`proteinogenic amino acid, L-alpha-amino acid, cysteine, serine family amino acid (CHEBI:17561) / Common
`amino acids (C00097)
`
`Alternative Parents
`
`Substituents
`
`Molecular
`Framework
`
`External
`Descriptors
`
`TARGETS
`
`1. Glutamate--cysteine ligase regulatory subunit
`
` Details
`
`Kind
`
`Organism
`
`Pharmacological action
`General Function
`
`Specific Function
`
`Gene Name
`
`Uniprot ID
`
`Uniprot Name
`
`Molecular Weight
`
`References
`
`Protein
`
`Humans
`
`Unknown
`Glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit binding
`
`Not Available
`
`GCLM
`
`P48507
`
`Glutamate--cysteine ligase regulatory subunit
`
`30726.745 Da
`
`https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00151
`
`16/23
`
`Eton Ex. 1016
`16 of 23
`
`

`

`5/7/2020
`
`Cysteine - DrugBank
`
`1. Ashida H, Sawa Y, Shibata H: Cloning, biochemical and phylogenetic characterizations of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase from
`Drugs
`Anabaena sp. PCC 7120. Plant Cell Physiol. 2005 Apr;46(4):557-62. Epub 2005 Feb 2. [PubMed:15695431]
`
`2. Glutamate--cysteine ligase catalytic subunit
`
` Details
`
`Kind
`
`Organism
`
`Pharmacological action
`General Function
`
`Specific Function
`
`Gene Name
`
`Uniprot ID
`
`Uniprot Name
`
`Molecular Weight
`
`References
`
`Protein
`
`Humans
`
`Unknown
`Magnesium ion binding
`
`Not Available
`
`GCLC
`
`P48506
`
`Glutamate--cysteine ligase catalytic subunit
`
`72765.14 Da
`
`1. Ashida H, Sawa Y, Shibata H: Cloning, biochemical and phylogenetic characterizations of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase from
`Anabaena sp. PCC 7120. Plant Cell Physiol. 2005 Apr;46(4):557-62. Epub 2005 Feb 2. [PubMed:15695431]
`2. Srivastava S, Chan C: Application of metabolic flux analysis to identify the mechanisms of free fatty acid toxicity to human hepatoma
`cell line. Biotechnol Bioeng. 2008 Feb 1;99(2):399-410. [PubMed:17615559]
`
`3. Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic
`
` Details
`
`Kind
`
`Organism
`
`Pharmacological action
`
`Actions
`General Function
`
`Specific Function
`
`Gene Name
`
`Uniprot ID
`
`Uniprot Name
`
`Molecular Weight
`
`References
`
`Protein
`
`Humans
`
`Unknown
`
`Substrate
`Pyridoxal phosphate binding
`
`Biosynthesis of L-glutamate from L-aspartate or L-cysteine. Important
`regulator of levels of glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter
`of the vertebrate central nervous system. Acts as a sca...
`
`GOT1
`
`P17174
`
`Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic
`
`46247.14 Da
`
`1. Wen YD, Wang H, Zhu YZ: The Drug Developments of Hydrogen Sulfide on Cardiovascular Disease. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2018 Jul
`29;2018:4010395. doi: 10.1155/2018/4010395. eCollection 2018. [PubMed:30151069]
`2. Cooper AJ, Bruschi SA, Iriarte A, Martinez-Carrion M: Mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase catalyses cysteine S-conjugate beta-
`lyase reactions. Biochem J. 2002 Nov 15;368(Pt 1):253-61. doi: 10.1042/BJ20020531. [PubMed:12137566]
`
`4. Cystathionine gamma-lyase
`
` Details
`
`Kind
`
`Organism
`
`https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00151
`
`Protein
`
`Humans
`
`17/23
`
`Eton Ex. 1016
`17 of 23
`
`

`

`5/7/2020
`
`Pharmacological action
`General Function
`
`Specific Function
`
`Cysteine - DrugBank
`
`Drugs
`
`Unknown
`Pyridoxal phosphate binding
`
`Catalyzes the last step in the trans-sulfuration pathway from
`methionine to cysteine. Has broad substrate specificity. Converts
`cystathionine to cysteine, ammonia and 2-oxobutanoate. Converts two
`c...
`
`Gene Name
`
`Uniprot ID
`
`Uniprot Name
`
`Molecular Weight
`
`References
`
`CTH
`
`P32929
`
`Cystathionine gamma-lyase
`
`44507.64 Da
`
`1. Fiorucci S, Antonelli E, Mencarelli A, Orlandi S, Renga B, Rizzo G, Distrutti E, Shah V, Morelli A: The third gas: H2S regulates perfusion
`pressure in both the isolated and perfused normal rat liver and in cirrhosis. Hepatology. 2005 Sep;42(3):539-48. [PubMed:16108046]
`2. Zhang H, Zhi L, Moore PK, Bhatia M: Role of hydrogen sulfide in cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis in the mouse. Am J Physiol
`Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2006 Jun;290(6):L1193-201. Epub 2006 Jan 20. [PubMed:16428267]
`3. Wallace JL, Dicay M, McKnight W, Martin GR: Hydrogen sulfide enhances ulcer healing in rats. FASEB J. 2007 Dec;21(14):4070-6. Epub
`2007 Jul 18. [PubMed:17634391]
`
`5. Cystathionine beta-synthase
`
` Details
`
`Kind
`
`Organism
`
`Pharmacological action
`General Function
`
`Specific Function
`
`Gene Name
`
`Uniprot ID
`
`Uniprot Name
`
`Molecular Weight
`
`References
`
`Protein
`
`Humans
`
`Unknown
`Ubiquitin protein ligase binding
`
`Hydro-lyase catalyzing the first step of the transsulfuration pathway,
`where the hydroxyl group of L-serine is displaced by L-homocysteine in
`a beta-replacement reaction to form L-cystathionine, th...
`
`CBS
`
`P35520
`
`Cystathionine beta-synthase
`
`60586.05 Da
`
`1. Zhang H, Zhi L, Moore PK, Bhatia M: Role of hydrogen sulfide in cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis in the mouse. Am J Physiol
`Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2006 Jun;290(6):L1193-201. Epub 2006 Jan 20. [PubMed:16428267]
`2. Lowicka E, Beltowski J: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) - the third gas of interest for pharmacologists. Pharmacol Rep. 2007 Jan-Feb;59(1):4-24.
`[PubMed:17377202]
`3. Tamizhselvi R, Moore PK, Bhatia M: Hydrogen sulfide acts as a mediator of inflammation in acute pancreatitis: in vitro studies using
`isolated mouse pancreatic acinar cells. J Cell Mol Med. 2007 Mar-Apr;11(2):315-26. [PubMed:17488480]
`4. Oh GS, Pae HO, Lee BS, Kim BN, Kim JM, Kim HR, Jeon SB, Jeon WK, Chae HJ, Chung HT: Hydrogen sulfide inhibits nitric oxide
`production and nuclear factor-kappaB via heme oxygenase-1 expression in RAW264.7 macrophages stimulated with
`lipopolysaccharide. Free Radic B