175 YEARS OF DICTIONARY PUBLISHING
`
`Dictionary
`
`••••••
`• •
`•••••
`
`Collins
`
`Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation – Exhibit 2007 - Page 1
`Apex Tool Group, LLC v. Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation
`PGR2020-00056 U.S. Patent No. 10,422,617
`
`

`

`Hupereollins Publishers
`Westerhill Road
`Bishopbriggs
`Glasgow
`C64 2Q.T
`
`Tenth edition 2009
`REISSUED WITH REVISED SUPPLEMENT 2010
`
`Reprint 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 o
`
`C William Collins Sons&. Co. Ltd 1979, 1986
`c HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994 (Third updated edition), 1998,
`2000, 2003, 2005, 2oo6, 2007, 2009, 2010
`
`UK Q.UARTERBOUND EDITION
`
`ISBN 978-0-00-738233-o
`
`UK STANDARD EDITION
`
`ISBN 978-0-00-732119-3
`
`AUSTRALIAN Q.UARTERBOUND EDITION
`
`ISBN 978-0-7322-9009-2
`
`AUSTRALIAN STANDARD EDITION
`
`ISBN 978- 0 - 7322-9008-5
`
`NEW ZEALAND Q.UARTERBOUND EDITION
`
`ISBN 978- 0-00-732114-8
`
`NEW ZEALAND STANDARD EDITION
`
`ISBN 978-0-00-732115-5
`
`Collins® is a registered trademark of
`HarperCollins Publishers Limited
`
`www.collinslanguage.com
`
`A catalogue record for this book is available
`from the British Library
`
`Designed by Wolfgang Homola
`
`Typeset by Davidson Pre-Press, Glasgow
`
`Printed in India by Copsons Papers Ltd
`
`-
`
`Acknowledgements
`We would like to thank those authors and publishers who kindly
`gave permission for copyright material to be used in the Collins
`corpus. We would also like to thank Times Newspapers Ltd for
`providing valuable data.
`
`All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored
`in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means,
`electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise,
`without the prior permission in writing of the Publisher. This book
`is sold subject to the conditions that it shall not, by way of trade
`or otherwise, be lent, re-sold, hired out or otherwise circulated
`without the publisher's prior consent in any form of binding
`or cover other than that in which it is published and without a
`similar condition including this condition being imposed on the
`subsequent purchaser.
`
`Entered words that we have reason to believe constitute
`trademarks have been designated as such. However, neither the
`presence nor absence of such designation should be regarded as
`affecting the legal status of any trademark.
`
`When you buy a Collins dictionary or thesaurus and register on
`www.collinslanguage.com for the free online and digital services,
`you will not be charged by HarperCollins for access to Collins
`free Online Dictionary content on that website. However, your
`operator's charges for using the internet on your computer will
`apply. Costs vary from operator to operator. HarperCollins is not
`responsible for any charges levied by online service providers for
`accessing Collins free Online Dictionary on www.collinslanguage.
`com using these services.
`
`HarperCollins does not warrant that the functions contained
`in www.collinslanguage.com content will be uninterrupted
`or error free, that defects will be corrected, or that
`www.collinslanguage.com or the server that makes it available
`are free of viruses or bugs. HarperCollins is not responsible for any
`access difficulties that may be experienced due to problems with
`network, web, online or mobile phone connections.
`
`About the type
`This dictionary is typeset in CollinsFedra, a special version of the
`Fedra family of types designed by Peter Bil 'ak. CollinsFedra has
`been customized especially for Collins dictionaries; it includes
`both sans serif (for headwords) and serif (entries) versions, in
`several different weights. Its large x-height, its open 'eye', and its
`basis in the tradition of humanist letterforms make CollinsFedra
`both familiar and easy to read at small sizes. It has been designed
`to use the minimum space without sacrificing legibility, as well
`as including a number of characters and signs that are specific to
`dictionary typography. Its companion phonetic type is the first
`of its kind to be drawn according to the same principles as the
`regular typeface, rather than assembled from rotated and reflected
`characters from other types. Peter Bil'ak (born 1973, Slovakia) is
`a graphic and type designer living in the Netherlands. He is the
`author of two books, Illegibility and Transparency. As well as the
`Fedra family, he has designed several other typefaces including
`Eureka. His typotheque.com website has become a focal point for
`research and debate around contemporary type design.
`
`Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation – Exhibit 2007 - Page 2
`Apex Tool Group, LLC v. Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation
`PGR2020-00056 U.S. Patent No. 10,422,617
`
`

`

`1uch - Sudra 11632
`
`'
`
`>
`
`IUCh (IAtJ) (Often foll by a corresponding
`subordinate dau,e introduced by that or as)
`dffrrmln,r 1 a or the aon spedfied or .understood: sw:h
`books shouldn't be 1014 htrt b (as pronoun): sum ls llfr:
`robbm, rapists, and such 2 IO great; ao much: such a htlp;
`l'w nrvrr srrn such wrrplng J as 1Uch a in the capacity
`prevtou,ly spedfiedor understood: ajudgt as sw:h
`hasn't 10 much powrr ,bin iuelf pr themae!ves:
`lntdllf1ma as such can't'i,wuanur succm 4 such and such
`specific, but not known or named: at such and such a
`tlmr huch as a for example: animals, sw:11 as tltphants
`and tlgm b of a similar kind as; like: pt0plr such as your
`ftftndJohn make mt angry c of the (usually small)
`amount, etc: tht food, such as thm IIIIIS, was excrllmt
`• IUch that IO Uiat: used to expreu purpose or
`result: powrr such that It IIIIIS t(fOltlm 1> adv
`7 (intensifier): such nla pt0plr; sw:h a nla pmon that 1 ,
`flllW him a pri:stnt
`,
`HTYMOLOGV Old English swilc; reLlted to Old Frhian
`s4111c, Old.Norse sllb; COthic swalrllts, Old High
`Cerman sulDI •
`I
`1uchllke C,1Atf,wlt) adj 1 (p,mominal) of such a kind;
`1lm1Llr: John,Xtn, and otha' sudiliu idiots 1> n 2 such or
`similar persons or things: hyerw,jadcals, andsudiliu
`Su-chou ('su:'tfau) n a v.uiant transliteration of the
`Chinese name for Suzhou
`Suchow ('fu."tfao) n avartanttransliterationofthe
`Chinese name for Xuzhou
`suck (&Alt) vb 1 todraw(aliquidorothersubstance)
`into the mouth by auting a,pani.u vacuum in the
`mouth 2 to dnw in (fluid, etc) by or as ifby a
`similar ~n: plants sw:11: molstutr from tht soil J to
`drlnlt m.llk from (a mother's breast); suckle 4 (tr) to
`extnct fluid content from (a solid food): to sw:11: a
`lrmon 5 (tr) to take into the mouth and moisten,
`dissolve, or roll around with the tongUe: to suet onr's
`thllmb • (tr; often foll by down, In, etc) to dnw by
`using irresistible force: tht whirlpool sucked him down
`7(1ntr) (of a pump) to draw in airbecau,e of a low
`supply level or,leaking valves, pipes, etc a (tr) to
`~imilate,or acquire (knowledge, comfon, etc)
`t (lntr) slans to be contemptible or disgusting
`10 sucking diesel informal doing very well; successful
`11 suck It and SH Informal to try something to find
`out what it is, what it is Wee, or how it works 1> n
`u the act or.an instance of sucking lJ something
`that is sucked, esp m.llk from the mother's breast
`14 give suckto to give (a baby or young animal) milk
`from the breast or udder 15 ·an attracting or sucking
`force: the suc/c of tht whirlpool was wry strong 1e a sound
`caused by sucking ,.. see also suck In, suck off, sucks,
`suck up to > 'suckless adj
`HTYMOLOGV Old English siican; related to Old Norse
`sd{la, Middle,Dutch sugtn, Latin sllgrrr to suck,
`exhaust; see soAX
`sucker CSAJca) n 1 a person or thing thatsucks
`2 sla119 a person who is easily deceived or swindled
`J slang a person who cannot resist the attractions of
`a particular type of person or thing: he's a sucktr for• 1
`blondes 4 a young animal that is not yet weaned, esp
`a suckling pig 5 zool179Y an organ that is specialized
`for sucking or adhering • a cup-shaped device,
`generally made of rubber, that may be attached to
`anides allowing them to adhere to a surface by
`suction 7 botany a a strong shoot that arises in a
`mature pLlnt Crom a root, rhizome, or the base of
`the main stem b a shon branch of a parasitic plant
`that absorbs nutrients from the host I a pipe or
`tube through which a fluid is dnwn by suction
`t any small mainly Nonh American cyprlnoid fish
`o( the family Catostomldat, having toothless jaws
`and a large sucking mouth 10 any of cenain fishes
`that have sucking discs, esp the clingfish or sea
`snail 11 a piston in a suction pump or the valve In
`such a piston 1> vb 12 (tr) to strip off the suckers from
`(a plant) 1J (lntr) (of a plant) to produce suckers
`suckerfish rwa,Of) or suckflsh n, pl -fish or •fishes
`i
`other names for remora
`elTYMoLOGV ca: so called because of the suction disc
`on Its head
`sucker punch n 1 a sudden surprise punch, esp
`Crom behind 2 a sudden unexpected defeat or
`setback
`'
`
`'
`
`1uckhole ('IAk,haul) n chliflv Austllll slang a
`sycophant; toady
`•ITYMoLOGV perhaps from IUCJC sense 9 or SUClt (UP
`TO)+ (AIS)HOLE
`suck In \lb (adwrfl). 1 (tr) to attract by using an
`inexorable force, inducement, etc: thtaurtntsucud
`him In 2 to dnw In (one'• breath) 1harply I (tr) slang
`to deceive or defraud
`sucking ('IAlwJ) adj 1 not yet weaned: suclrln{I,,.,
`2 not yet fledged: JUCld1141 claw
`sucklnglouH n anylnsectoftheorderAnoplura.
`See louse (sense 1)
`•ITYMOLOGV IO named becau,e it has a mouth
`adapted for sucking the body fluids of Its host
`suckle C&Ak'l) \lb 1 to give (a baby or young animal)
`milk from the breast or (of a baby, etc) to suck mlllt
`from the breast 2 (tr) to bring up; nunure > 'sudder n
`HTVMOLOGV cis: probably back formation from
`SUCICUNO
`suckling C&AklJIJ) n 1 an Infant or young animal
`that ii still taking milk from the mother 2 a very
`young child
`•ITYMOLOGV cis: see SUClt, · LINC'; reLlted to Middle
`Dutch sugtling, Middle High Cerman sagdlnc
`suck off \lb (tr, adwrfl) slang to perform the act of
`fellatio or cunnilingus on
`sucks (&Ab) Interj slang 1 an expression of
`disappolnnnent 2 an excLlmatlon of defiance or
`derision (esp In the phrase yah boo sucks to you)
`suck up to \lb (lntr, adwrfl; + pRPOSltlon) lnfonnal to
`flatter for one's own profit; toady
`sucraH ('sju:kreiz) n another name for invertase
`eETYMoLOGV c19: from French sucre sugar+ ·ASE
`sucra (Spanish 'sulcre) n the former standard
`monetary unit of Ecuador (before the adoption of
`the US dollar in 2000), divided into 100 centavos
`e lTYMOLOGV C19: after Antonio Josi: de SUCRE
`Sucre• (Spanish 'sukre) n the legal capital of Bolivia,
`in the south central pan of the country in the E
`Andes: university (1624). Pop: 231000 (2005 est).
`Former name (until 1839): Chuquisaca
`Sucrea (Spanish 'sukre) n Antonio Jos6 de (an'tonjo
`xo'se de). 1795-1830, South American liberator, born
`in Venezuela, who assisted Bolivar In the colonial
`revolt against Spain; first president of Bolivia
`(1826-28)
`sucrose ('sju:krauz, -krilus) n the technical name
`for sugar (sense 1)
`eETYMOLOGV 09: from French sucre sugar+ -osE'
`suction CSAlcfilil) n 1 the act or process of sucking
`2 the force or condition produced by a pressure
`difference, as the force holding a suction cap onto a
`surface J the act or process of producing such a
`force or condition > 'suctlonal adj
`eETYMOLOGV c17: from Late Latin sucti3 a suclcing,
`from Latin s/Jgrrr to suck
`suction pump n a pump for raising water or other
`fluid by suction. It usually consists of a cylinder
`containing a piston fitted with a flap valve
`suction stop n phonetics another word for click
`(sense3)
`suction valve n a nonretum valve in a pump
`suction to prevent the pump draining or deprlming
`when not in service. Also called: foot valve
`suctorlal (S4k't:>:nal) ac!J 1 spepalued for sucking or
`adhering: tht suctorlal mouthparts of ctrtaln Insects
`2 reLlting to or possessing suckers or suction
`eETYMoLOGv c19: from New Latin sw:Wrlus, from Latin
`sugm to suck
`SUD abbrtviatlon Sudan (international car
`registration)
`Sudan (su:'da:n, -'dam) n 1 a republic in NE Africa,
`on the Red Sea: the.largest country in Africa;
`conquered by Mehemet Ali of Egypt (1820-22),and
`made an Anglo-Egypifan condominium in 1899
`after joint forces defeated the Mahdist revolt;
`became a republic in 1956; civil war has been waged
`between separatists, in the mainly Christian south,
`and the government since independence, apart
`from a period of peace (1972-83), It consists mainly
`of a pLlteau, with the Nubian Desen In the north.
`Ofildal language: Arabic. Official religion: Muslim;
`there are large Chrlstlan and animist minorities.
`
`CUirency: SUdanese pound orSWWJi (iepladng the
`Sudanese dinar In 2007). capiW: J0wtomn. Pop:
`34333000 (2004 est). Area: 2SoS8oS IQ km (967 491 IQ
`miles). Former~ (1899-1956): Anglo-Egyptian
`Sudan. French name: Soudan 2the ~ a region
`stretching across Africa IOl1lh of the Sahara and
`north of the tropical zone: Inhabited chiefly by
`Negroid tribes rather thnl Arabi
`Sudan ... (.m:d"ni:z) adj 1 or or relating to the
`republic of Sudan or its inhabitants 2 of or relating
`to the African region or the Sudan or its lnbabitanu
`1> n J a native or lnbabitant of the republic of Swbn
`4 a native or Inhabitant of the African region of the
`Sudan
`Sudanic (su:'dzruk) n 1a group of L1nguagel
`spoken In scattered areas or the Sudan, most of
`which are now generally assigned to the Chari-Nile
`branch of the Nila-Saharan family I> adj 2 relating
`to or belonging to this group of languages J of or
`reLltlng to the Sudan
`sudarfum (sju'danillll) n, pl-daria (-'d£iJna)
`another word for sudatorium orveronlc:a2
`• ETYMOLOGY ar. from Latin, fromswldtr to swen
`sudatorfum (.sju:da't:>:nillll)orsudatory n,pl
`-torla (-'t:>:na) or -tories a room, esp in a Roman
`bathhouse, where sweating is induced by heat
`eETVMOLOGV as: from Latin, fromsii441r to swen
`sudatory ('sju:datan, -tn) adj 1 relating to or
`producing sweating; sudorlfic 1> n, pl-rles 2 mtd a
`sudatory agent J another word for sudatorium
`Sudbury CIWfbiln,-bn) n adtyincentralcanada,
`in Ontario: a major nickel-mining centre.Pop:
`103879 (2001)
`sudd (sad) n floating m.sses of reeds and weeds thi!t
`occur on the White Nile and obstruct navigation
`eETVMOLOGY 09:fromArabic,literally:obstruction
`sudden ('SAd>n) adj 1 occuning or performed
`quickly and without warning 2 marked by haste;
`abrupt J rarr rash; precipitate I> n 4 an:haic an
`abrupt occurrence or the occasion of such an
`occurrence (in the phrase on a sudden) 5 all of a
`sudden without warning; unexpectedly I> adv
`& chitfly pMic without warning; suddenly
`> ·suddenness n
`eETYMoLOGV cu: via French from Late Latin
`subitdnrus, from Latin subitus unexpected, from subilr
`to happen unexpectedly, fromsul>- secretly+ iir to go
`sudden adult death syndrome n the
`unexpected death of a young adult, usually due to
`undetected Inherited hean disease. Also called:
`sudden death syndrome, sudden cardiac death.
`Abbreviations: SADS, SOS, SCD
`sudden death n 1 (inspons,etc)anextngameor
`contest to decide the winner of a tied competition
`2 an unexpected or quick death
`sudden infant death syndrome n a technical
`term for cot death•. Abbreviation: SIDS
`suddenly CSAd"nh) adv quickly and without
`warning; unexpectedly
`Sudetenland (su:'de1ril,lznd) n a mountainous
`region of the N Czech Republic: part of
`Czechoslovakia (1919-38, 1945-<33); occupied by
`Germany (1938-45). Also called: the Sudeten
`Sudetes (su:'di.'ti:z)orSudeten Mountains pin
`a mountain range in E central Europe, along the
`N border of the Czech Republic, extending into
`Germany and Poland: rich in minerals, esp coal.
`Highest peak: Schneekoppe, 16o3 m (S2s9 ft)
`sudor ('sju:d:J:) n a technical name for sweat
`> sudoral ('sju:daral) adj
`eETVMOLOGV Latin
`sudorffarous ~sju:da'nfaras) adj producing or
`conveying sweat. Also: sudorlparous ~sju:da'npilras)
`> ,sudor'lferousness n
`,
`e ETYMOLOGV C16: via New Latin from SUD01l + Latin
`fffll! to bear
`sudorfflc (,sju:da'nfik) adj 1 producing or causing' r
`sweating; sudatory 1> n 2 a sudorlfic agent
`• ETYMOLOGY C1T. from New Latin siidiirifiais, ~m
`suooa + Latin factrt to make
`Sudra ('sju:dr.l) n thelowestofthefourmatnHindu
`castes, the workers
`eETYMOLOGV c11: fromSulslait
`
`Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation – Exhibit 2007 - Page 3
`Apex Tool Group, LLC v. Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation
`PGR2020-00056 U.S. Patent No. 10,422,617
`
`