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`A SYSTEM OF
`
`OPTICAL DESIGN
`
`The Basics of Image Assessment and of
`Design Techniques with
`A Survey of Current Lens Types
`
`
`
`Arthur Cox
`
`meeeace:
`
`SESSaseSESSSnceR
`eSLcGENRETE
`
`OD
`
`THE FOCAL PRESS
`
`LONDON and NEW YORK
`
`|
`
`
`
`HP, Ex. 1014
`
` Ex. 1014
`
`HP,
`
`

`

`
`ee
`firefineeetori>itt
`
`
` © 1964 FOCAL PRESS LIMITED
`bleiare
`
`No part of this book may be reproduced in any
`"form without written permission of the publishers
`
`Library of Congress Catalog Number 65-15348
`
`Part I, pages 1-556, printed in Hungary
`Part Il, pages 557-668, printed in Great Britain
`Jackets printed in Great Britain
`Bound in Great Britain
`
`1
`
`:
`
`HP, Ex. 1014
`
` Ex. 1014
`
`HP,
`
`

`

`PERFORMANCE DIAGRAMS
`
`There is considerable value in having an approximate idea of the performance of an
`optical system, for which constructional data has been published. It enables a judgment
`to be made as to whether further work should be carried on, using these data as a
`starting point.
`In order
`For this reason the performance diagrams are givenin thefollowing pages.
`to enable a rapid scan to be accomplished, a sketch of each design has been included
`with the performance curves.
`In this way it is a comparatively simple matter to pick
`out possible candidates, in terms of complexity, within each group.
`With one exception,
`to be noted below,
`the constructional diagrams have been
`drawn with the long conjugate of the lens on the left hand side, so that in standard use
`the light can be taken as going throughthe lens fromleft to right. The one exception
`is for the section on eyepieces.
`In this case the long conjugate is on the right hand side
`of the lens, and the “front” ofthe eyepieceis the surface at the right hand ofthe diagram.
`This conformsto the usual way in which an eyepiece is shown in the layout of an optical
`system.
`The performanceis indicated in approximate terms by the following graphs:
`(a) Spherical aberration, measuredby the longitudinal aberration 6s. When the spherical
`aberration is under-correctthen 6s is negative;
`(b) Offense against the Sine Condition, which indicates the presence or absence of coma
`in near central regions of the field;
`(c) Sagittal astigmatism, measuredby the longitudinal aberration 6s. When the sagittal
`focus lies closer to the lens than the paraxialfocalplane then 6s is negative;
`(d) Tangential astigmatism, measured by the longitudinal-aberration ét. The sign
`convention is the same as in (c);
`(e) The radial distortion, measured in per cent deviation of the radial distance of the
`image from the centre of the field. When the deviationis positive the actual image
`is at a greater distance from the centre of the field than the ideal image.
`All calculations are based on a nominalfocal length of 1.000 inches.
`For completeness the Petzval Sum is also given, as well as the back focus of the
`lens and its overall length.
`These values have been calculated at the Bell & Howell Company. When nofield
`or aperture values are specified in the patent literature the computers have been
`programmed to stop whenever the numerical value of 6s or é6t exceeds 0.015.
`
`558
`
`
`
`
`
`HP, Ex. 1014
`
` Ex. 1014
`
`HP,
`
`

`

`PUPIL RADIUS
`h
`
`FIELD ANGLE
`ceeee
`@ DEGREES
`
`p
`1.5400
`
`13
`
`2. —2.2300
`3.
`— .2975
`
`t
`.110
`
`.025
`
`le
`1.617
`
`1.720
`
`Vv
`55.0
`
`29.3
`
`Tyre f
`
`:
`
`7
`
`EFL. LOOO
`B.F.L.
`.925
`OVERALL LENGTH .135
`PETZVAL SUM
`671
`
`“8
`“4
`Stop Position: On
`“4
`-8"
`“DISTORTION «i =)
`:
`Pp
`
`
`‘3
`
`Ss
`
`.
`tO
`
` Design Example Number: 1-01
`
`
`TYPE
`
`|
`
`——
`
`EFL. OOO
`B.F.L. 872
`OVERALL LENGTH 142
`PETZVAL SUM
`614
`
`PUPIL RARMS eee
`
`eo
`ses
`$.A—-OS.C--- Ag-- 4,—
`+8
`=
`°
`+4
`
`S
`
`IS
`
`Design Example Number: 1-02
`Pp
`t
`1.7900
` .090
`
`1.
`
`Le
`1.620
`
`2.
`
`—1.5050
`
`3. —1.7900
`
`.027
`
`.025
`
`1.720
`
`4. —.2466
`
`Vv
`60.3
`
`29.3
`
`es
`SiRSREONN SH
`Stop Position: On ,
`
`s
`FIELD ANGLE
`i
`4.
`
`Fey
`
`PUPIL pom
`
`Shean
`
`Design eas Number: 1 ae
`
`y
`
`1.
`
`2,
`3)
`
`2.0100
`
`.027
`
`1.720
`
`29.3
`
`.075
`
`1.617
`
`55.0
`
`3.8600
`1024
`
`eet
`Bea Bes
`SA—-OS.C--- Ag-- Ay —
`+8
`°
`a
`IO
`
`5
`
`-
`“
`
`DISTORTION (18 3)
`
`Stop Position: On p;
`
`559
`
`HP, Ex. 1014
`
`_
`
`EFL. LOOO
`BFL.
`.928
`
`OVERALL LENGTH 102
`PETZVAL SUM
`659
`
`.
`132
`Ss\
`
`10
`
`x
`
`
`
` Ex. 1014
`
`HP,
`
`

`

`TYPE
`
`12
`
`PUPIL RADIUS
`h
`ke)
`
`FIELD ANGLE
`9 DEGREES
`30
`
`20
`
`tO
`
`EFL. LOOO
`BFL.
`(724
`OVERALL LENGTH .622
`PETZVAL SUM
`193
`PATENT No. 2,831,396 Table A
`DESIGNER G.KLENT
`M
`
`20°
`
`Io”
`
`30°
`
`20
`AO
`DISTORTION (tn $+
`
`Design Example Number: 12-04
`Patent No. U.S.P.: 2,831,396, Table A
`p
`t
`Bt
`1.8238
`.0671
`1.6700
`6400
`0127
`2.5208
`.0893
`
`1.6935
`
`1.
`2
`3.
`
`1.6645
`
`1.6398
`
`1.6584
`
`5941
`4.
`3.8625
`5.
`6. —3.3113
`
`1.1089
`z
`8 —2.3883
`9.
`0424
`10.
` —1.2947
`
`0352
`.2121
`.0317
`
`1188
`.0021
`0525
`
`v
`47.2.
`
`53.5
`35.9
`
`34.6
`50.8
`
`1.7447
`
`44.7
`
`Stop Position: .10 Forward of pg
`
`
`SUA
`
`661
`
`HP, Ex. 1014
`
` Ex. 1014
`
`HP,
`
`