Paper No. ____
`Filed: April 8, 2020
`
`Filed on behalf of: Fitbit, Inc.
`
`By: Naveen Modi (PH-Fitbit-Philips-IPR@paulhastings.com)
`Yar R. Chaikovsky (PH-Fitbit-Philips-IPR@paulhastings.com)
`Joseph E. Palys (PH-Fitbit-Philips-IPR@paulhastings.com)
`David Beckwith (PH-Fitbit-Philips-IPR@paulhastings.com)
`David Okano (PH-Fitbit-Philips-IPR@paulhastings.com)
`Paul Hastings LLP
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`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
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`
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`
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`
`
`FITBIT, INC.,
`Petitioner
`
`v.
`
`PHILIPS NORTH AMERICA LLC
`Patent Owner
`
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent No. 7,088,233
`
`
`
`
`
`
`PETITION FOR INTER PARTES REVIEW OF
`U.S. PATENT NO. 7,088,233
`
`
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`

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`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`
`Page
`INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 1
`I.
`II. MANDATORY NOTICES UNDER 37 C.F.R. § 42.8 .................................. 1
`III. PAYMENT OF FEES UNDER 37 C.F.R. §§ 42.15 AND 42.103 ................ 2
`IV. GROUNDS FOR STANDING ....................................................................... 2
`V.
`PRECISE RELIEF REQUESTED ................................................................. 2
`VI. LEVEL OF ORDINARY SKILL IN THE ART ............................................ 5
`VII. OVERVIEW OF THE ’233 PATENT AND THE PRIOR ART ................... 5
`A.
`’233 Patent ............................................................................................ 6
`B.
`Jacobsen ............................................................................................... 8
`C.
`Say ...................................................................................................... 11
`D. Quy ..................................................................................................... 13
`E.
`Geva .................................................................................................... 14
`F.
`Reber................................................................................................... 15
`G. Gabai .................................................................................................. 16
`VIII. PRIORITY CLAIMS OF THE ’233 PATENT ............................................ 18
`A.
`The ’493 provisional does not provide written description
`support for claim 13’s “Bluetooth technology” or claim 24-25’s
`“location determination module” ....................................................... 19
`The ’862 provisional and the ’165 application each fail to
`provide written description support for claim 13’s “Bluetooth
`technology” ........................................................................................ 20
`IX. CLAIM CONSTRUCTION ......................................................................... 20
`A.
`“means for signaling the bi-directional communications module
`to transition from the powered-down state to the powered-up
`state” ................................................................................................... 21
`X. DETAILED EXPLANATION OF THE GROUNDS .................................. 22
`A. Ground 1: Claims 1, 7-10, 14 are anticipated by Jacobsen ............... 22
`1.
`Claim 1 ..................................................................................... 22
`i.
`[1p] “A bi-directional wireless communication
`system comprising:” ...................................................... 22
`
`B.
`
`i
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`

`

`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`(continued)
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`Page
`
`ii.
`
`iii.
`iv.
`v.
`vi.
`vii.
`
`viii.
`
`ix.
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`[1a] “(a) a first personal device, the first personal
`device further comprising:” ........................................... 24
`[1b] “(i) a processor;” .................................................... 25
`[1c] “(ii) a memory;” ..................................................... 28
`[1d] “(iii) a power supply .............................................. 29
`[1e] “(iv) at least one detector input; and” .................... 30
`[1f] “(v) a short-range bi-directional wireless
`communications module;” ............................................. 32
`[1g] “(b) a second device communicating with the
`first device, the second device having a short-range
`bi-directional wireless communications module
`compatible with the short-range bi-directional
`wireless communications module of the first
`device; and” ................................................................... 33
`[1h] “(c) a security mechanism governing
`information transmitted between the first personal
`device and the second device.” ...................................... 36
`Claim 7 ..................................................................................... 38
`i.
`“The system of claim 1, further comprising a
`detector connected to the at least one detector
`input.” ............................................................................ 38
`Claim 8 ..................................................................................... 40
`i.
`“The system of claim 7, wherein the detector
`senses body or physiological parameters.” .................... 40
`Claim 9 ..................................................................................... 41
`i.
`“The system of claim 8, wherein the body or
`physiological parameters are selected from the
`group consisting of temperature, motion,
`respiration, blood oxygen content, and
`electroencephalogram.” ................................................. 41
`Claim 10 ................................................................................... 41
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`-ii-
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`2.
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`3.
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`4.
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`5.
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`

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`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`(continued)
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`Page
`
`i.
`
`6.
`
`“The system of claim 1, wherein the first personal
`device further comprises a user interface module.” ...... 41
`Claim 14 ................................................................................... 43
`i.
`“The system of claim 1, wherein the first personal
`device further comprises a data input/output port,
`the second device further comprises a data
`input/output port, and wherein the second device
`communicates with the first personal device using
`the data input/output ports.” .......................................... 43
`B. Ground 2: Claims 1, 7-10, 14 are obvious over Say .......................... 45
`1.
`Claim 1 ..................................................................................... 45
`i.
`Claim element [1p] ........................................................ 45
`ii.
`Claim element [1a] ........................................................ 46
`iii. Claim element [1b] ........................................................ 48
`iv. Claim element [1c] ........................................................ 50
`v.
`Claim element [1d] ........................................................ 51
`vi. Claim element [1e] ........................................................ 52
`vii. Claim element [1f] ......................................................... 54
`viii. Claim element [1g] ........................................................ 56
`ix. Claim element [1h] ........................................................ 59
`2.
`Claim 7 ..................................................................................... 60
`3.
`Claim 8 ..................................................................................... 61
`4.
`Claim 9 ..................................................................................... 64
`5.
`Claim 10 ................................................................................... 64
`6.
`Claim 14 ................................................................................... 65
`C. Ground 3: Claims 1, 7-10, 14 are obvious over Jacobsen in
`view of Say ......................................................................................... 66
`1.
`Claim 1 ..................................................................................... 66
`i.
`Claim elements 1[a]-[g] ................................................. 66
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`-iii-
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`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`(continued)
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`Page
`
`E.
`
`F.
`
`Claim elements 1[h] ....................................................... 66
`ii.
`2.
`Claims 7-10, 14 ........................................................................ 71
`D. Ground 4: Claim 13 is obvious over Jacobsen in view of Say
`and Quy ............................................................................................... 71
`1.
`Claim 13 ................................................................................... 71
`i.
`“The system of claim 1, wherein the short-range
`wireless communications further comprises
`BLUETOOTH technology.” .......................................... 71
`Ground 5: Claims 24-25 are obvious over Jacobsen in view of
`Say and Geva ...................................................................................... 75
`1.
`Claim 24 ................................................................................... 75
`i.
`“The system of claim 1, wherein the first personal
`device further comprises a location determination
`module that determines the geographical location
`of the first personal device. ............................................ 75
`Claim 25 ................................................................................... 82
`i.
`“The system of claim 24, wherein the location
`determination module further comprises a GPS
`receiver.” ........................................................................ 82
`Ground 6: Claim 26 is obvious over Jacobsen in view of Say
`and Reber ............................................................................................ 82
`1.
`Claim 26 ................................................................................... 82
`i.
`“The system of claim 1, wherein the bi-directional
`communications module has a powered-down state
`and a powered-up state, and further comprising a
`means for signaling the bi-directional
`communications module to transition from the
`powered-down state to the powered-up state.” ............. 82
`G. Ground 7: Claims 15-16, 22 are obvious over Say in view of
`Gabai .................................................................................................. 91
`1.
`Claim 15 ................................................................................... 91
`
`2.
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`-iv-
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`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`(continued)
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`Page
`
`
`
`i.
`
`“The system of claim 1, further comprising a
`central communications base station
`communicating with the first personal device using
`short-range wireless communications.” ......................... 91
`Claim 16 ................................................................................... 97
`i.
`“The system of claim 15, wherein the short-range
`wireless communications is selected from the
`group consisting of HomeRF™, BLUETOOTH,
`and wireless LAN .......................................................... 97
`Claim 22 ................................................................................... 98
`i.
`“The system of claim 15, wherein the central
`communication base station further comprises a
`connection to the Internet.” ........................................... 98
`XI. CONCLUSION ............................................................................................. 99
`
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`2.
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`3.
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`-v-
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`

`

`TABLE OF AUTHORITIES
`
` Page(s)
`
`Cases
`Cross Med. Prods. Inc. v. Medtronic Sofamor Danek, Inc.,
`424 F.3d 1293 (Fed. Cir. 2005) .................................................................... 59, 69
`Koninklijke Philips N.V. v. Google LLC,
`948 F.3d 1330 (Fed. Cir. 2020) .................................................................... 58, 69
`KSR Int’l Co. v. Teleflex Inc.,
`550 U.S. 398 (2007) .....................................................................................passim
`Lockwood v. Am. Airlines, Inc.,
`107 F.3d 1565 (Fed. Cir. 1997) .......................................................................... 18
`Nidec Motor Corp. v. Zhongshan Broad Ocean Motor Co.,
`868 F.3d 1013 (Fed. Cir. 2017) .......................................................................... 20
`Philips North America LLC v. Fitbit, Inc.,
`No. 1:19-cv-11586 (D. Mass.) .............................................................................. 1
`Phillips v. AWH Corp.,
`415 F.3d 1303 (Fed. Cir. 2005) .......................................................................... 20
`SAP Am., Inc. v. Pi-Net Int’l, Inc.,
`IPR2014-00414, Paper 11 (Aug. 18, 2014) ........................................................ 18
`Toyota Motor Corp. v. Cellport Sys., Inc.,
`IPR2015-00633, Paper No. 11 (P.T.A.B. Aug. 14, 2015) .................................. 20
`Trading Techs. Int’l Inc v. eSpeed, Inc.,
`595 F.3d 1340 (Fed. Cir. 2010) .......................................................................... 19
`
`vi
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`

`

`TABLE OF AUTHORITIES
`(continued)
`
`Page(s)
`
`Statutes
`35 U.S.C.
`§ 102 ...................................................................................................................... 2
`§ 102(a) ............................................................................................................. 4, 5
`§ 102(b) ................................................................................................................. 5
`§ 102(e) ............................................................................................................. 4, 5
`§ 103 .................................................................................................................. 2, 3
`§ 112 ................................................................................................................ 4, 18
`§ 112 ¶6 ............................................................................................................... 21
`§ 119 .................................................................................................................... 18
`§ 120 .................................................................................................................... 18
`Other Authorities
`37 C.F.R.
`§ 42.8 ..................................................................................................................... 1
`§ 42.8(b)(1) ........................................................................................................... 1
`§ 42.8(b)(2) ........................................................................................................... 1
`§ 42.15 ................................................................................................................... 2
`§ 42.100(b) .......................................................................................................... 20
`§ 42.103 ................................................................................................................. 2
`83 Fed. Reg. 51,341 (Oct. 11, 2018) ........................................................................ 20
`
`vii
`
`

`

`LIST OF EXHIBITS
`
`No.
`1001 U.S. Patent No. 7,088,233
`
`Description
`
`1002 Declaration of Dr. Joseph Paradiso
`
`1003 CV of Dr. Joseph Paradiso
`
`1004 File history of U.S. Patent No. 7,088,233
`
`1005 U.S. Patent No. 6,198,394 (“Jacobsen”)
`
`1006 U.S. Patent No. 6,175,752 (“Say”)
`
`1007 U.S. Patent No. 6,602,191 (“Quy”)
`
`1008 U.S. Patent No. 6,366,871 (“Geva”)
`
`1009 Kaveh Pahlavan, Ali Zahedi, and Prashant Krishnamurthy, “Wireband
`Local Access: Wireless LAN and Wireless ATM,” IEEE Communications
`Magazine 35(11), November 1997, pgs. 34-40
`
`1010 Paradiso, J.A., Hsiao, K., Benbasat, A. and Teegarden, Z., “Design and
`Implementation of Expressive Footwear,” IBM Systems Journal, Vol. 39,
`No. 3&4, October 2000, pp. 511-529
`
`1011 Paradiso, J.A. “The Brain Opera Technology: New Instruments and
`Gestural Sensors for Musical Interaction and Performance,” Journal of
`New Music Research, 28(2), 1999, pp. 130-149
`
`1012 Specification of the Bluetooth System, Vol. 1, Bluetooth v1.0B (Dec. 1,
`1999)
`
`1013 Provisional application No. 60/105,493
`
`1014 Provisional application No. 60/135,862
`
`1015 Provisional application No. 60/279,401
`
`1016 RESERVED
`
`1017 RESERVED
`
`viii
`
`

`

`Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 7,088,233
`
`1018 Digital Networks’ “RoamAbout 2.4 GHz frequency hopping wireless LAN
`adapters” (1996)
`
`1019 Shawn Willett, “Digital ships tools for mobile clients,” InfoWorld,
`February 7, 1994
`
`1020 U.S. Patent No. 5,961,451 (“Reber”)
`
`1021 Distributed Sensor Networks, Proceedings of a Workshop held at
`Carnegie-Mellon University December 7-8, 1978 (available at
`https://resenv.media.mit.edu/classarchive/MAS961/readings/DSN_CMU_
`1978.pdf)
`
`1022
`
`‘Sensor networks: evolution, opportunities, and challenges,” IEEE
`Proceedings, Aug. 2003
`
`1023 Mark Weiser, “The Computer for the 21st Century,” Scientific American
`(1991)
`
`1024 Richard S. Johnston et al., “Biomedical Results of Apollo” (1975)
`(available at http://history.nasa.gov/SP-368/sp368.htm)
`
`1025 Steve Mann, “Wearable computing: A first step toward personal
`imaging”, IEEE Computer vol. 30 no. 2, pgs. 25-32 (Feb. 1997)
`
`1026 Steve Feiner, “A Touring Machine: Prototyping 3D Mobile Augmented
`Reality Systems for Exploring the Urban Environment,” Personal
`Technologies, pgs. 208-217 (1997)
`
`1027 Kris Goodfellow, One Digital Day in Her Life, N.Y. Times, Apr. 16,
`1998 (available at: http://www.nytimes.com/1998/04/16/technology/one-
`digital-day-in-her-life.html)
`
`1028 RESERVED
`
`1029 Maria Redin, “Marathon Man” thesis, MIT Media Laboratory, June 15,
`1998
`
`1030 RESERVED
`
`1031 Brian Clarkson and Alex Pentland, “Predicting Daily Behavior via
`Wearable Sensors,” Technical report, MIT Media Laboratory, July 2001
`
`ix
`
`

`

`Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 7,088,233
`
`(available at
`https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/2fd4/7fe8b3c65bfb32ffe91c616869e071c
`4894a.pdf)
`
`1032 Brian Clarkson and Alex Pentland, “Unsupervised Clustering of
`Ambulatory Audio and Video,” ICASSP, March 1999
`
`1033 Joseph Paradiso, “Expressive footwear for computer-augmented dance
`performance,” ISWC ’97: Proceedings of the 1st IEEE International
`Symposium on Wearable Computers, October 1997
`
`1034 Robert Poor, “Hyphos: A Self-Organizing, Wireless Network,” MIT
`Master’s thesis, 1997
`
`1035 RESERVED
`
`1036 Per Johansson et al., “Short Range Radio Based Ad-hoc Networking:
`Performance and Properties,” ICC’99, 1999
`
`1037 RESERVED
`
`1038 Application no. 09/384,165 (“the ’165 application”)
`
`1039 RESERVED
`
`1040 U.S. Patent No. 6,160,986 (“Gabai”)
`
`1041 U.S. Patent No. 6,026,165 (“Marino”)
`
`1042 U.S. Patent No. 5,408,250 (“Bier”)
`
`
`
`
`x
`
`

`

`Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 7,088,233
`
`I.
`
`INTRODUCTION
`Fitbit, Inc. (“Petitioner”) requests inter partes review of claims 1, 7-10, 13-
`
`16, 22, 24-26 (“challenged claims”) of U.S. Patent No. 7,088,233 (“the ’233
`
`patent”) (Ex. 1001), assigned to Philips North America LLC (“Patent Owner” or
`
`“PO”). For the reasons explained below, the challenged claims should be found
`
`unpatentable and canceled.
`
`II. MANDATORY NOTICES UNDER 37 C.F.R. § 42.8
`Real Party-in-Interest: Pursuant to 37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(1), Petitioner
`
`identifies Fitbit, Inc. as the real party-in-interest.
`
`Related Matters: Pursuant to 37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(2), Petitioner identifies
`
`the following related matters. The ’233 patent and U.S. Patent Nos. 8,277,377,
`
`6,976,958 (“the ’958 patent”), and 6,013,007 are currently asserted in Philips
`
`North America LLC v. Fitbit, Inc., No. 1:19-cv-11586 (D. Mass.). Petitioner is
`
`concurrently filing a petition for inter partes review challenging the ’958 patent.
`
`Counsel and Service Information: Lead counsel is Naveen Modi (Reg. No.
`
`46,224). Back-up counsel is Yar R. Chaikovsky (Reg. No. 39,625), Joseph E. Palys
`
`(Reg. No. 46,508), David Beckwith (pro hac vice admission to be requested), and
`
`David Okano (Reg. No. 66,657). Service information: Paul Hastings LLP, 1117
`
`California Avenue, Palo Alto, CA, Telephone: 650.320.1800, Fax: 650.320.1900,
`
`E-mail: PH-Fitbit-Philips-IPR@paulhastings.com. Petitioner consents to
`
`1
`
`

`

`Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 7,088,233
`
`electronic service of all documents.
`
`III. PAYMENT OF FEES UNDER 37 C.F.R. §§ 42.15 AND 42.103
`Petitioner submits the required fees with this petition. Please charge any
`
`additional fees required for this proceeding to Deposit Account 50-2613.
`
`IV. GROUNDS FOR STANDING
`Petitioner certifies the ’233 patent is available for inter partes review and
`
`Petitioner is not barred or estopped from requesting such review on the grounds
`
`identified herein.
`
`V.
`
`PRECISE RELIEF REQUESTED
`Petitioner respectfully requests review of and cancellation of the challenged
`
`claims as unpatentable in view of the following grounds:
`
`Ground 1: Claims 1, 7-10, 14 are unpatentable under 35 U.S.C. § 102 as
`
`anticipated by U.S. Patent No. 6,198,394 (“Jacobsen”).
`
`Ground 2: Claims 1, 7-10, 14 are unpatentable under 35 U.S.C. § 103 as
`
`obvious over U.S. Patent No. 6,175,752 (“Say”).
`
`Ground 3: Claims 1, 7-10, 14 are unpatentable under 35 U.S.C. § 103 as
`
`obvious over Jacobsen in view of Say.
`
`Ground 4: Claim 13 is unpatentable under 35 U.S.C. § 103 as obvious over
`
`Jacobsen in view of Say and U.S. Patent No. 6,602,191 (“Quy”).
`
`Ground 5: Claims 24-25 are unpatentable under 35 U.S.C. § 103 as
`
`obvious over Jacobsen in view of Say and U.S. Patent No. 6,366,871 (“Geva”).
`
`2
`
`

`

`Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 7,088,233
`
`Ground 6: Claim 26 is unpatentable under 35 U.S.C. § 103 as obvious over
`
`Jacobsen in view of Say and U.S. Patent No. 5,961,451 (“Reber”).
`
`Ground 7: Claims 15-16, 22 are unpatentable under 35 U.S.C. § 103 as
`
`obvious over Say in view of U.S. Patent No. 6,160,986 (“Gabai”).
`
`The ’233 patent issued from U.S. Application No. 10/165,624 filed June 7,
`
`2002. Ex. 1001, cover; Ex. 1004. The earliest application to which the ’233 patent
`
`claims priority is provisional application No. 60/105,493 (“the ’493 provisional”)
`
`filed October 23, 1998. Ex. 1001, cover. For purposes of this proceeding only,
`
`Petitioner assumes the earliest effective filing date for all challenged claims except
`
`claims 13 and 24-25 is October 23, 1998.
`
`The ’493 provisional does not support the “location determination module”
`
`limitation of claims 24-25. See generally Ex. 1013; Ex. 1002, ¶¶45-46; section
`
`VIII. The second earliest application in the ’233 patent’s claimed priority chain is
`
`provisional application No. 60/135,862 (“the ’862 provisional”), which was filed
`
`on May 25, 1999. Ex. 1001, cover; Ex. 1014. Thus, for purposes of this
`
`proceeding, Petitioner assumes the earliest effective filing date for challenged
`
`claims 24-25 is May 25, 1999.
`
`Neither the ’493 provisional nor the ’862 provisional support the
`
`“BLUETOOTH technology” limitation of claim 13. See generally Exs. 1013-
`
`1014; Ex. 1002, ¶¶45, 47; section VIII. Nor does the third earliest application in
`
`3
`
`

`

`Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 7,088,233
`
`the ’233 patent’s priority chain, application No. 09/384,165 (“the ’165
`
`application”). See generally Ex. 1038; Ex. 1002, ¶47; section VIII. The earliest
`
`application in the ’233 patent’s priority chain to refer to Bluetooth technology is
`
`Provisional Application No. 60/279,401 (“the ’401 provisional”) filed March 28,
`
`2001. Ex. 1015, 1-2; Ex. 1002, ¶47; section VIII. Thus, for purposes of this
`
`proceeding only, Petitioner assumes the earliest effective filing date for claim 13 is
`
`March 28, 2001.1
`
`Jacobsen was filed on December 5, 1996 and issued on March 6, 2001 (Ex.
`
`1005, cover), and is prior art to all challenged claims under at least 35 U.S.C.
`
`§ 102(e), and also to claim 13 under at least §§ 102(a).
`
`Say was filed on April 30, 1998 and issued on January 16, 2001 (Ex. 1006,
`
`cover), and is prior art to all challenged claims under at least 35 U.S.C. § 102(e),
`
`and also to claim 13 under at least § 102(a).
`
`
`1 Petitioner does not concede the ’493, ’401, or ’862 provisional applications
`
`provide written description support for the challenged claims, and Petitioner
`
`reserves its right to challenge these claims’ priority dates in other proceedings.
`
`Indeed, Petitioner does not concede that any challenged claims comply with the
`
`requirements of 35 U.S.C. § 112 and thus reserves the right to pursue such
`
`challenges in other proceedings.
`
`4
`
`

`

`Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 7,088,233
`
`Quy was filed on December 15, 2000, and issued on August 5, 2003 (Ex.
`
`1007, cover), and is prior art to claim 13 under at least 35 U.S.C. § 102(e).
`
`Geva was filed on March 3, 1999 and issued on April 2, 2002 (Ex. 1008,
`
`cover), and is prior art to claims 13, 24-25 under at least 35 U.S.C. § 102(e).
`
`Reber was filed on April 7, 1997 and issued on October 5, 1999 (Ex. 1020,
`
`cover), and is prior art to all challenged claims under at least 35 U.S.C. § 102(e),
`
`and also to claim 13 under at least §§ 102(a) and (b).
`
`Gabai was filed on May 19, 1998 and issued on December 12, 2000. (Ex.
`
`1040, cover), and is prior art to all challenged claims under at least 35 U.S.C.
`
`§ 102(e), and also to challenged claim 13 under at least § 102(a).
`
`VI. LEVEL OF ORDINARY SKILL IN THE ART
`A person of ordinary skill in the art at the time of the alleged invention of the
`
`’233 patent (“POSITA”) would have had at least a B.S. degree in computer science,
`
`electrical engineering, or an equivalent, and at least two years of experience in the
`
`relevant field. Ex. 1002, ¶¶15-17.2 More education can substitute for practical
`
`experience and vice versa. Id.
`
`VII. OVERVIEW OF THE ’233 PATENT AND THE PRIOR ART
`
`
`2 Petitioner submits the declaration of Dr. Joseph Paradiso (Ex. 1002), an expert in
`
`the ’233 patent’s field (Id., ¶¶3-11; Ex.1003).
`
`5
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`

`

`Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 7,088,233
`
`’233 Patent
`A.
`Prior to the purported inventions of the ’233 patent, sensor device systems
`
`were widely known. Ex. 1002, ¶¶18-28. In the 1970s, NASA created a wearable
`
`sensor health monitoring system (id., ¶19; Ex. 1024) and DARPA funded various
`
`sensor networks (Ex. 1002, ¶¶19-20; Ex. 1021). By the 1990s, the use of wearable
`
`computing and sensing systems had further expanded. Ex. 1002, ¶¶20-28; see e.g.,
`
`Ex. 1022-23, 1025-26. These sensor systems included personal health and
`
`physiological monitoring devices (Ex. 1002, ¶¶25-28; Ex. 1010, 1027, 1029, 1031,
`
`1033) and often utilized short-range wireless communications (Ex. 1002, ¶¶29-34;
`
`Ex. 1014, 1012, 1034, 1036). The ’233 patent acknowledges personal monitoring
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`systems and secure short-range wireless communication schemes were known. Ex.
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`1002, ¶¶35-40.
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`The ’233 patent is generally directed to a bi-directional wireless
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`communication system including a sensor device. Ex. 1001, Title; Ex. 1002, ¶¶41-
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`43. It describes a “personal medical device (PMD) 100” including at least one
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`“wireless communications module 300” and “detector inputs 140”:
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`Ex. 1001, 2:40-41; Ex. 1002, ¶41.3 The wireless communications module 300
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`allows the PMD 100 to communicate with another device using known short-range
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`wireless communications. Ex. 1001, 3:54-58; Ex. 1002, ¶¶38, 41-42. For
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`example, the PMD 100 may communicate with “personal wireless device (PWD)
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`500” through a short-range “local area wireless (LAW) 330” scheme, which may
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`include infrared or radiofrequency (RF). Ex. 1001, 4:14-18, 4:45-6:16. The PMD
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`100 may also communicate with a “central communication base station 700” which
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`3 All annotations and emphases added unless otherwise noted.
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`“serve[s] to extend the communication range of the” PMD 100. Id., 8:40-63. And,
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`the PMD 100’s “detector inputs 140” allows for “connections to related external or
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`embedded” detectors, which may be “any sensor of bodily or physiological
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`parameters.” Id., 3:27-30; Ex. 1002, ¶41.
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`Communications between the PMD 100 and another device may employ a
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`known security mechanism, because the ability “to receive and/or transmit to and
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`control the personal device 100 requires some measure of security.” Ex. 1001,
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`13:27-30; Ex. 1002, ¶¶40, 43. The ’233 patent describes many “possible
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`embodiments of security [that are] not meant to be exclusive,” including known
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`methods such as “standard encryption algorithms,” entering a “security key,” pre-
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`authorizing access for certain users, or simply requesting permission to access the
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`device. Ex. 1001, 13:24-14:14; Ex. 1002, ¶¶40, 43.
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`B.
`Jacobsen
`Jacobsen discloses a system for tracking the physiological and location data
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`of persons and transmitting this data between both local and remote devices. Ex.
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`1005, Abstract; see also Ex. 1002, ¶¶51-58. Jacobsen’s system includes multiple
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`wearable sensor devices, including a vest/harness with “soldier unit 50”; an
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`“integrated sensor unit 14”; and a “wrist/sensor display unit 18”:
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`Ex. 1005, 5:66-7:12; Ex. 1002, ¶53.
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`The system’s wrist sensor/display unit 18 is connected to sensors for detecting
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`bodily or physiological parameters, which are annotated below as “sensors 220, 222”
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`in Figure 3’s wrist sensor/display unit 18:
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`Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 7,088,233
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`Ex. 1005, FIG. 3, 6:21-37, 9:35-40; Ex. 1002, ¶55. This wrist sensor/display unit
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`18 processes sensor data and engages in bi-directional wireless body-LAN
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`communications with another wearable device: a vest/harness with soldier unit 50.
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`Ex. 1005, 8:65-9:7, 9:41-61, 11:1-27; Ex. 1002, ¶¶54-57. Figure 4A’s block
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`diagram illustrates the bi-directional communications between these devices:
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`Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 7,088,233
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`Ex. 1005, FIG. 4A; Ex. 1002, ¶¶55-57.
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`C.
`Say
`Say discloses a physiological monitoring system
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`that wirelessly
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`communicates information between devices. Ex. 1006, Abstract; Ex. 1002, ¶¶59-
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`70. Say’s system includes an “on-skin sensor control unit 44” coupled to a “sensor
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`42,” and in wireless communication with “receiver/display unit 46, 48”:
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`Ex. 1006, FIG. 1; see also id., 2:13-61, 3:63-65; Ex. 1002, ¶¶60, 63-64, 67.
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`Sensor 42 detects physiological parameters such as temperature and blood
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`oxygen saturation. Ex. 1006, 2:32-41, 15:50-65, 16:53-62, 20:40-44, 23:10-24:67;
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`Ex. 1002, ¶¶65-66. The sensor control unit 44 processes sensor data and
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`communicates it to receiver/display unit 46, 48. Ex. 1006, 39:53-40:16, 48:4-17,
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`52:44-65; Ex. 1002, ¶¶62, 67-69. The sensor control unit 44 and receiver/display
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`unit 46, 48 both include RF transmitters and receivers (or, transceivers) (Ex. 1006,
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`FIGS. 18B, 22, 36:41-60, 37:26-35, 48:4-17, 52:44-65) that communicate
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`wirelessly within 20 meters (id., 48:49-62, 52:44-65). Ex. 1002, ¶¶62, 67-69.
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`D. Quy
`Quy discloses a patient monitoring system that wirelessly communicates
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`information between devices. Ex. 1007, Abstract; Ex. 1002, ¶¶71-75. Figure 2
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`depicts Quy’s “wireless health-monitoring apparatus (WHMA) 10”:
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`
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`Ex. 1007, FIG. 2, 6:29-30. WHMA 10 includes a “health monitoring device
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`(HMD) 11” with “physiologic sensor[s] 24” for measuring “blood glucose levels,
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`blood pressure, heart rate, or any other desired parameter[.]” Id., 2:55-56, 6:37-45,
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`7:3-4. HMD 11 communicates with an “internet-enabled wireless web device
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`(WWD) 12” “via wireless communication schemes, such as RF includes [sic]
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`Bluetooth® or 802.11, infrared, optical, microwaves, etc.” Id., 3:3-4, 6:37-43,
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`7:25-30.
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`E. Geva
`Geva discloses a system for health/location monitoring and wireless
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`reporting of this data. Ex. 1008, Abstract; Ex. 1002, ¶¶76-79. This system
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`includes “personal ambulatory cellular health monitor 12”:
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`Ex. 1008, FIG. 1; Ex. 1002, ¶78. This personal health monitor 12 includes
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`physiological sensors and a “personal location subsystem (PLC) 200” that
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`“determine[s] the location of patient 10.” Id., 5:37-6:52; Ex. 1002, ¶79. PLC
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