IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
`FOR THE DISTRICT OF MASSACHUSETTS
`
`MAUREEN REDDY,
`
`Plaintiff,
`
`v.
`
`LOWE’S COMPANIES, INC.
`and EVOLUTION LIGHTING, LLC,
`Delendant.
`
`COMPLAINT
`
`Case No.: 1:13-cv-13016
`
`Plaintiff, Maureen Reddy (“Plaintiff”), of Winthrop, MA,bringsthis civil action
`against defendants, Lowe’s Companies, Inc. (“Lowe’s), having a principal place of business
`at 1000 Lowes Blvd, Mooresville, NC 28117, and Evolution Lighting, LLC (“Evolution”),
`having a principal place of business at 16200 NW 59th Ave., Suite 101, Miami Lakes, FL
`33014, (collectively “Defendants”).
`
`JURISDICTION, VENUE,AND NATURE OF ACTION
`
`1. This is an action for design patent infringement under 35 U.S.C. § 271 and unfair
`
`competition under Mass. G. L. c. 93A. Jurisdiction is conferred upon this Court by 28
`
`U.S.C. §§ 1331, 1332, 1338(a), 1338(b), and 1367(a).
`
`'S) Uponinformation and belief, this Court has jurisdiction over Lowe’s because Lowe’s
`
`regularly conducts and solicits business in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts
`
`(‘Massachusetts’).
`
`ud
`
`Uponinformation and belief, this Court has jurisdiction over Evolution because
`
`Evolution regularly conducts and solicits business in Massachusetts.
`
`Fitbit, Inc. v. Philips North America LLC
`IPR2020-00783
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`Fitbit, Inc. Ex. 1046 Page 0001
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`4, Venucis properin this district under 28 U.S.C. §§ 1391(b), 1391(c), and 1400 because
`
`Defendants infringed and continueto infringe the subject design patentin this judicial
`
`district, have committed and continue to committortious acts in this judicial district, and
`
`regularly conduct and solicit business in this district.
`
`5. Plaintiff secks to enjoin Defendants from further infringing Plaintiff's design patent,
`
`statutory damages, enhanced damages, Defendants’ actual profits, and Plaintiff's costs of
`
`suit.
`
`THE PARTIES
`
`6. Plaintiff is a Winthrop, Massachusetts resident and holder of design patent D677,423
`
`(‘423 patent”).
`
`7. Lowe’s, a Mooresville, NC corporation, is a nationwide home improvementretail
`
`superstore with its principal place of business at 1000 Lowes Blvd, Mooresville, NC
`
`28117, stores in fifty states, including twenty-seven stores in Massachusetts, and an
`
`online e-commerce marketplace that serves residents of Massachusctts and residents of
`
`all fifty states. Plaintiff is informed and believes that Lowe’s regularly conducts and
`
`solicits busincss in Massachusetts.
`
`8. Evolution, d/b/a Catalina, Vision Max, Tensor, Alsy, Cresswell, Dana, Illuminada, and
`
`other private brands exclusive to Evolution’sretailers, including Lowe’s,is an
`
`international designer, manufacturer, and distributor oflighting products through home
`
`improvementstores and online e-commerce. Evolution is a Miami, Florida corporation
`
`with its principal place of business at 16200 NW 59th Ave., Suite 101, Miami Lakes, FL
`
`33014, who sells products at all Lowe’s stores and on Lowe’s online marketplace,
`
`including to residents of Massachusetts,
`
`Ww
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`Fitbit, Inc. v. Philips North America LLC
`IPR2020-00783
`
`Fitbit, Inc. Ex. 1046 Page 0002
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`BACKGROUND
`
`A. Plaintiff's Patent And Distinctive Light Shade
`
`9. Plaintiff owns the '423 patent, issued on March 5, 2013. A copy of the '423 patent for
`
`Plaintiff's Bathroom Vanity Light Shade (“Light Shade”) is attached to this Complaint as
`
`ExhibitA.
`
`10. Plaintiff's Light Shade is unique because it transforms outdated bathroom vanity light
`
`bars using only a screwdriverfor installation, rather than requiring extensive electrical
`
`work and/or cosmetic wall repair as did similar prior products. The Light Shadeis a
`
`simple, low-costalternative to achieving an upscale, designer look, and wasthe first
`
`productto fill the market void for such a shade.
`
`. Plaintiff, a professional interior designer and real estate stager, conceived of the Light
`
`Shadethatis the subject of the ’423 patent while redesigning a home in September 2011.
`
`Plaintiff subsequently developed the design,filed a design patent application, and
`
`commissioned a prototype.
`
`12. Plaintiff referred to her Light Shade as the “DE-Light Vanity Light Shade”in all
`
`copyrighted business/marketing materials supplied in good faith to Defendants.
`
`B. Plaintiff's Presentation of DE-Light Vanity Light Shade to Lowe's
`
`13. In March, 2012, Plaintiff presented the ’423 patent prototype and business/markcting
`
`plan to Lowe’s Interior Lighting Décor Merchandise Director (“Lighting Director”) at
`
`Lowe’s headquarters in North Carolina. Minutes into the presentation, the Lighting
`
`Director stopped Plaintiff and informed her that one of Lowe’s vendors had presented an
`
`3
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`Fitbit, Inc. v. Philips North America LLC
`IPR2020-00783
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`Fitbit, Inc. Ex. 1046 Page 0003
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`“identical” prototype three weeks prior. Plaintiff informed the Lighting Director that she
`
`had a design patent pending, was in contact with—and hadthe support of—theutility
`
`patent holderfor a similar product, and suggested a meeting to discuss collaboration
`
`among Lowe’s, the vendor, the utility patent holder, and Plaintiff. Plaintiff left her
`
`business/marketing plan with the Lighting Director when the mecting ended.
`
`14. Plaintiff's copyrighted business/marketing plan included detailed descriptions, photos,
`
`drawings, marketing strategies, packaging designs, and substantial information about her
`
`Light Shade.
`
`15, The Lighting Director furnished their vendor, Evolution, who had presented an
`
`“Sdentical” prototype of Plaintiff's Light Shade, with Plaintiff's contact information, via
`
`email. That email from the Lighting Director to Evolution solely contained Plaintiff's
`
`contact information and copied Plaintiff.
`
`C. Evolution’s Failure to Materialize Licensing Agreement with Plaintiff
`
`16. Plaintiff began communicating with, and shared her business/marketing plan with,
`
`Evolution, whoinitially offered Plaintiff a 2% royalty for use of her “DE-Light Vanity
`
`Light Shade” name, and offered to discuss other arrangements for package design and
`
`marketing.
`
`17. Evolution also revealed to Plaintiff that it was entering a year-long exclusive contract
`
`with Lowe’sfor their product, and their product would be featured prominently within
`
`Lowe’s stores.
`
`18. No licensing or royalty agreement materialized between Evolution and Plaintiff, or
`
`between Lowe's and Plaintiff.
`
`Fitbit, Inc. v. Philips North America LLC
`IPR2020-00783
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`Fitbit, Inc. Ex. 1046 Page 0004
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`D. Lowe’s Marketing and Sale of Evolution’s Knock-Off Light Shade
`
`19, Plaintiff initiated contact with Lowe’s legal team to inquire about their marketing and
`
`intended sale of Evolution’s potentially infringing light shade, and extensively engaged in
`
`communications with Lowe’slegal team.
`
`20. During these communications, Lowe’s requested a copy ofPlaintiff's pending design
`
`patent application without any guarantee of confidentiality, which Plaintiff agreed to
`
`provide on the condition that Lowe’s provided Plaintiff with drawings, photos, and
`
`descriptions of Evolution’s product; Lowe’s refused the information exchange.
`
`21. At some date between June 26, 2012 and February 15, 2013, Lowe’s began offering for
`
`sale three versions of a light shade substantially similar to Plaintiff's Light Shade,
`
`produced by Evolution under their Catalina name, and named “Vanity Refresh Kit.”
`
`22. On February 15, 2013, Plaintiff discovered the “Vanity Refresh Kit” for sale on Lowe’s
`
`website. Lowe’s markets the “Vanity Refresh Kit” most similar to Plaintiff's Light
`
`Shade as the “Vanity Light Refresh Kit” online.
`
`23. Plaintiff purchased the “Vanity Refresh Kit” shade most closely resembling her Light
`
`Shade and hadit shipped to her home. Uponfurther inspection, the Plaintiff determined
`
`that the shade wasvirtually identical to her Light Shade, with the only differences being
`
`slightly concave edges where Plaintiff's appeared straight, and the presence of a
`
`decorative nickel finial appearing on the bottom of the shade, Images of the purchased
`
`Vanity refresh Kit and a side-by-side comparison ofPlaintiff's Light Shade and the
`
`Vanity Refresh Kit design is attached as Exhibit B.
`
`24, Defendants jointly and separately have offered and continucto offer the “Vanity Refresh
`
`Kit’/’Vanity Light Refresh Kit” via Lowe’s online marketplace andin all Lowe's stores.
`
`5
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`Fitbit, Inc. v. Philips North America LLC
`IPR2020-00783
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`Fitbit, Inc. Ex. 1046 Page 0005
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`Lowe’s maintains twenty-seven stores in Massachusetts and more than 1,700 stores
`
`throughout the United States. Evolution also offers the Vanity Refresh Kit for sale on the
`
`online Amazon.com marketplace and otheronline retailers. A copy of the web pages
`
`currently offering the shades for sale is attached to this Complaint as Exhibit C.
`
`25, Lowe’s also provides an instructional video for Evolution’s shades, demonstrating their
`
`ease ofinstallation, consistent with Plaintiff's business/marketing plan suggestion.
`
`Attached Exhibit D showsa screen from this instructional video, displaying the three
`
`Evolution “Vanity Refresh Kits.”
`
`26. The substantial similarity in appearance between Plaintiff's Light Shade and the “Vanity
`
`Refresh Kit” is undeniable. Upon information andbelief, because Defendants had
`
`retained Plaintiff's detailed business/marketing plan, and because Lowe’s Lighting
`
`Director had personally examined Plaintiff's Light Shade prototype, Defendants
`
`deliberately, willfully, and with full knowledge, put into the market a productinfringing
`
`Plaintiff's Light Shadeto fill a demonstrated market need.
`
`COUNT I — DESIGN PATENT INFRINGEMENT
`
`27. Plaintiff incorporates by reference all allegations set forth above in paragraphs 1-26 of
`
`the Complaint.
`
`28. Defendants are infringing Plaintiff's ’423 patentin violation of 35 U.S.C. § 271 by
`
`making, sclling, and offering for sale Evolution’s Vanity Refresh Kit and Vanity Light
`
`Refresh Kit embodying Plaintiff's patented design for such a light shade ,and will
`
`continue to do so unless enjoined by this Court. Defendants’ infringing acts include, but
`
`are notlimited to, making,using, selling, offering to sell, and importing products covered
`
`6
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`Fitbit, Inc. v. Philips North America LLC
`IPR2020-00783
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`Fitbit, Inc. Ex. 1046 Page 0006
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`by the ’423 patent including, but notlimited to, the Vanity Refresh Kit and the Vanity
`
`Light Refresh Kit.
`
`29. Upon information and belief, Defendants have sold, madeoffers to sell, continue to scll,
`
`and/or offer to sell products infringing the 423 patent throughout the United States and
`
`elsewhere, and within Massachusetts,
`
`30. Plaintiff has been damaged by Defendants’ infringement in an amountto be determined,
`
`and has no adequate remedyat law.
`
`3 _ . Upon information and belief, Defendants’ infringing products were copied from
`
`Plaintiff's Light Shade, covered by the ‘423 patent. Upon further information andbelief,
`
`Defendants’ infringement ofthe ’423 patentis willful and deliberate.
`
`COUNT II - VIOLATION OF MASS. GEN. L. C. 93A
`
`32. Plaintiff incorporates by reference all allegations set forth above in paragraphs 1-31 of
`
`the Complaint.
`
`33. Lowe’s is engaged in business in Massachusetts.
`
`34. Evolution is engaged in business in Massachusctts.
`
`35. Defendants’ above stated conduct constitutes unfair and deceptive acts and practices
`
`causing damageto Plaintiff in violation of M.G.L. c. 93A.
`
`36. Defendants’ unfair and deceptive acts complained of herein have occurred primarily and
`
`substantially in Massachusetts.
`
`37. On information and belief, Defendants’ acts as describe herein were willful and knowing.
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`Fitbit, Inc. v. Philips North America LLC
`IPR2020-00783
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`Fitbit, Inc. Ex. 1046 Page 0007
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`38. Plaintiff has lost money and suffered other damagesas a result of Defendants’ deceptive
`
`acts and practices, and has no adequate remedyat law, andis entitled to damagesas set
`
`forth in Mass. G. L.c. 93A.
`
`Wherefore Plaintiff requests this Court to:
`
`a, preliminarily and permanently enjoin Defendants and their officers, agents, servants,
`
`employees, representatives, and all persons acting in concert or participation with any of
`
`them, from further infringing Plaintiff's design patent;
`
`b. order that Defendants’ existing infringing light shades, all specifications, manufacturing
`
`drawings, brochures, catalogues and other promotional material related to Defendants”
`
`knock-offlight shades be delivered to Plaintiff for disposal;
`
`c. award Plaintiff its damages in accordance with 35 U.S.C. § 284, including actual
`
`damagesand in no eventless than a reasonable royalty;
`
`d. award Plaintiff Defendants’ profits for its sales of any lightshade productsthat infringe
`
`Plaintiffs patent;
`
`e. determine that Defendants have willfully and deliberately committed acts of unfair
`
`competition and award Plaintiff treble its damages and/or Defendants’total profits, as
`
`provided in Mass. Gen. L. Ch. 93A;
`
`f.
`
`award Plaintiffits costs of this action and other suchrelief as this Court deems just; and
`
`g. award such other and further relief as the Court deems proper.
`
`JURY DEMAND
`
`PLAINTIFF DEMANDSA JURY TRIAL FOR ALL ISSUES SO TRIABLE.
`
`Fitbit, Inc. v. Philips North America LLC
`IPR2020-00783
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`Fitbit, Inc. Ex. 1046 Page 0008
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`Dated: November 25, 2013
`
`Respectfully Submitted,
`
`Eve J. Brown, Esq.
`Suffolk University Law School
`Intellectual Property Clinic
`120 Tremont Street
`Boston, MA 02108
`(617) 305-1641
`cbrown La@suffolk.cdu
`
`Fitbit, Inc. v. Philips North America LLC
`IPR2020-00783
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`Fitbit, Inc. Ex. 1046 Page 0009
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`Exhibit A.
`
`COONANLCA
`
`US00D677423S
`
`US D677,423 S
`co) Patent No.:
`az United States Design Patent
`Reddy
`(45) Date of Patent: x Mar. 5, 2013
`
`
`(54) BATITROOM VANITY LIGHT SHADE
`(75)
`Inventor: Muureen Reddy, Winthrop, MA (US)
`.
`:
`(73) Assignee: Maureen Reddy, Winthrop, MA (US)
`
`126/74
`4/2003 Kelmelis et al.
`.......
`D473,670 S *
`163347
`92004 Beatle
`670668 Ble
`0S44'991 s* 6/2007 Guercio Gr oats
`D566,878 S *
`4/2008 Dufly etal.
`.........
`D26/85
`DS83,978 S *
`12/2008
`D265
`DS84443 S *
`1/2009
`D26/85
`DS#4.446 S *
`12009
`D26K8
`D614,342 S *
`4/2010
`N26-93
`D621.989 S *
`8/2010
`2
`Danae Ss * (ueUo
`beens
`0633,641 S *°
`3/2011
`D26/85
`638.977 S *
`5/2011
`D26/85
`* cited by examiner
`
`
`
`(**)
`‘Term:
`£4 Years
`(21) Appl. No.: 29/395,663
`(22) Filed:
`Mar. 8, 2012
`
`(B51) LOC 9) CD.ceccececserereeeresenticsenentseeeene 26899
`(52) UG. Ce ter cesesccesrorsesessteon ven cnsiapvnsves
`ww D26/128
`
`(58) Field of Classification Search .........0s D26/1, Primary Examiner—Kevin Ruodzinski
`26/2, 118, 113, 138, 119, 120, 121, 122,
`D26/76, 77, 75, 78, 85, 86, 89, 90,62,64,
`126/65, 66, 63, 73, 72, 74, 6B, 71, 28, 123,
`D26/124, 127, 128, 129, 134, 135, 132, 139,
`126/154, 155, 152, 149, 148, 145, 143, 142,
`1D26/140, 141, 153, 144, 91, 92, 29, 24, 26,
`D26/8, 114, 37, 87; 362/202, 347, 349, 362,
`362/419, 96, 192, 145, 294, 326, 267, 373,
`362/249.01- 249.12; D13/102, 179, 180
`Sev application file for complete search history.
`
`CLAIM
`(97)
`The ornamental design for a bathroom vanity light shade, as
`Shown and desribed.
`
`DESCRIPTION
`
`(56)
`
`FG. 1 is a front perspective view from below of a bathroom
`vanity light shade showing my new design;
`iG. 2 is a rear perspective view from below thereof;
`FIG.3 is a front perspective view from above thereof;
`FIG. 4is an enlarged view ofthe identified arca in FIG.3; and,
`FIG. § is a front perspective view from above thercof.
`References Clted
`Thebroken lines shownin the drawingsillustrate portions of
`US. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`the vanity light shade and environmentalstructures that form
`no
`part ofthe claimed desi:
`DL28,478 S *
`7/1941 Caster, Jr
`pa
`eoeesien
`4,045,665 A *
`8/1977 Williams eta
`The bathroom vanity light shade is an ornamental fixture
`D271,86t S * 12/1983 Patton .
`consisting of a rectangular, metal rod skeleton, wrapped in
`D312,319 S *
`11/1990 Kunz .
`fabric on three sides (frontside, left side, right side), with a
`Ohos 5 . MD nea al
`
`
`
`
`
`207,504 wiftetal,..A * 5! stationary acrylic diffuser bottom. The bathroom vanity light
`Pee . - a) teeue 7
`shade mounts on the wall with top/back exposed mounting
`1D386,801 S *
`11/1997 Orgovan
`rod.
`D3I97,818 S * M1998 erst ct al
`D446,332 S *
`8/2001 Grossman
`
`
`
`....
`
`1 Claim, 3 Drawing Sheets
`
`
`
`Fitbit, Inc. v. Philips North America LLC
`IPR2020-00783
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`Fitbit, Inc. Ex. 1046 Page 0010
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.5, 2013
`
`Sheet 1 of 3
`
`US D677,423 S
`
`FIG. 1
`
`
`
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`Fitbit, Inc. Ex. 1046 Page 0011
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.5, 2013
`
`Sheet 2 of 3
`
`US D677,423 S
`
`
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`*,
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`sennsensssouscne
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`- i
`
`2
`
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`IPR2020-00783
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`Fitbit, Inc. Ex. 1046 Page 0012
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.5, 2013
`
`Sheet 3 of 3
`
`US D677,423 S
`
`
`
`Fitbit, Inc. v. Philips North America LLC
`IPR2020-00783
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`Fitbit, Inc. Ex. 1046 Page 0013
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`Exhibit B.
`
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`
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`WW Vibe ty Shuster’
`
`foatutlation usta tens onrade beap teter to thar proctutt
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`he nan ae ori
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`
`Fitbit, Inc. v. Philips North America LLC
`IPR2020-00783
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`Fitbit, Inc. Ex. 1046 Page 0014
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`Exhibit 8.
`
`=
`
`
`
`¥
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`oe
`aN t
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`ath
`ter.
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`Image shows bottom wew at Refresh Kit on left with cecorahve final
`Delight Shade on the ngnt
`
`image shows top elevation view Rafresh Kit on left, De-Light Shade on right
`
`Fitbit, Inc. v. Philips North America LLC
`IPR2020-00783
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`Fitbit, Inc. Ex. 1046 Page 0015
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`Exhibit B.
`
`The above imaqe shows ‘Hefresh Kit on leftard Op togh) Shade protatype on right
`Products are virally deatealoxcept ter sbyhtly cunved eiqes of the Refrast: Ku
`
`
`
`
`Detad of curved edge (Refresh Kil) vs. straight Edge (Delight Snada)
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`Fitbit, Inc. v. Philips North America LLC
`IPR2020-00783
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`Fitbit, Inc. Ex. 1046 Page 0016
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`Exhibit C.
`
`1. Lowe’s Online Website:
`
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`
`Fitbit, Inc. v. Philips North America LLC
`IPR2020-00783
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`Fitbit, Inc. Ex. 1046 Page 0017
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`2. Amazon Online Marketplace Website:
`
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`Fitbit, Inc. v. Philips North America LLC
`IPR2020-00783
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`Fitbit, Inc. Ex. 1046 Page 0018
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`Fitbit, Inc. v. Philips North America LLC
`IPR2020-00783
`
`Fitbit, Inc. Ex. 1046 Page 0019
`
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