ATTQRNEY DQCKE'E‘ Ni); 11381110928
`IN THE UNETEE) STATES PATENT AN?) TRADEMARK OFFECE
`
`Applicant: Daniel R. Gain: at al.
`
`Examiner: Not Yet Assigned
`
`Seriaan; NoiYetAssigned
`
`Ari Unit: Not Yet Assigned
`
`Filing Date: Filed Harewith
`
`Confirmation No.: Not Yai Assigned
`
`Title:
`
`FUEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR VAREABLE E'E‘HANQL OCTANE
`ENHANCEMENT OF GASQLENE ENGINES
`
`PRELEMINARY Al‘viENDMENT
`
`Via EFS—Web
`Conimissinner far Patents
`PO. Box 1450
`
`Alsxandxia, VA 22313-1450
`
`Dear Sir:
`
`INTRQDUCTORY CGl‘x/EVIENTS
`
`Please preliminarily amend the application as follows:
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 1
`IPR2020-00013
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 1
` IPR2020-00013
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`

`

`Appiication No.2 Filed Harewiih
`Date: May 27, 281]
`
`Docks; N0; ‘i iSBLE 10928
`
`In the Sgecification
`
`Please amend- paragraph [0001} on page 1 as follows;
`
`This appiicatien is a continuation 0f Unitad States Patent Afiiication No. 12/815,842
`
`filed June 15, 2010 which is a caminuatisn 0f Uniied Staifis Patamt Application N0. 12/329,729
`
`flied 0n Dacembsr 8, 2008 which is a continuation 0f United Staci; Patent Appiication N0.
`
`11i840,719 flied on August 17, 2007, which is a continuation of United States Farm: Application
`
`N0. 30/991,774, which is now issued as United States‘ Patent No. 7,314,333.
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 2
`IPR2020-00013
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`FORD Ex. 1102, page 2
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`

`

`, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,«M\W
`
`Docket No.1 i l38 H “:5928
`
`Application No: Filed Herewiih
`Date: May 27. 2011
`
`1»-5r3 (cancelled)
`
`in the Cleinie
`
`Please add the following new claims:
`
`57. (new) A turbocharged or supercharged spark ignition engine which is fueled with gasoline
`
`and ethanol where ethanol is introduced into the engine in such a way that the vaporized cooling
`
`provided by the ethanol enhances the octane number more than it is enhanced by the intrinsic
`
`octane number of the ethanol.
`
`58. (new); The turbocharged or supercharged spark engine of claim 57 where liquid ethanol is
`
`directly injected into the engine cylinders.
`
`59. (new) The turbocharged or supercharged spark ignition engine of claim .58 where the ethane-l
`
`is injected se as to have a greater concentration in the end gas region.
`
`60. (new) The turbocharged or supercharged spark i gnitien engine of claim 59 where the ethanol
`
`has a higher concentration near the wall of the cylinder.
`
`61. (new) The turbocharged or supercharged spark ignition engine of claim 60 further including
`
`swirl.
`
`62. (new) The turbocharged cr supercharged snarl: ignition engine (if claim 59 where the knock
`
`resistance is increased relative in uniferrn distributinn of ethannl in the cylinder.
`
`63. (new) A turhecherged or supercharged spark ignition engine of claim 57 where the spark
`
`retard is changed to prevent lineal: from occurring when the ethanol energy fraction is reduced.
`
`64. (new) A turheeharged or supercharged spark ignition engine where ethanol is introduced inte
`
`the engine in such a way that it provides a 35 octane number increase over gasoline and the
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 3
`IPR2020-00013
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 3
` IPR2020-00013
`
`

`

`,,,,__..__m_mm\“\mmwm
`
`Application No.: Filed Herewith
`Date: May 27, 20] i
`
`Docket No.:
`
`1 1381.3 10928
`
`octane nurnher increase from vaporization cooling is greater than the octane number increase
`
`from the intrinsic octane or ethanol,
`
`65. (new) The turbocharged or supercharged Spark ignition engine of ciairn 64 where liquid
`
`ethanol is directly injected into the engine cylindcrsr
`
`66. (new) The turbocharged or supercharged spark ignition engine of claim 64 where the ethanol
`
`is injected so to have a greater concentration in the end gas region.
`
`67. (new) The turbocharged or supercharged spark ignition engine of ciairn 64 where the ethanol
`
`has a higher concentration near the wall of the cylinder.
`
`68. (new) The turbocharged or supercharged spark ignition engine of claim 64 further including
`
`swirl,
`
`69. (new) The turbocharged or supercharged spark ignition engine of claim 64 where the knock
`
`resistance is increased relative to uniform distribution of ethanol in the cylinder.
`
`70. (new) A turbocharged or supercharged spark ignition engine of claim 64 where the spark
`
`retard is changed to prevent knock from occurring when the ethanol energy fraction is reduced
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 4
`IPR2020-00013
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 4
` IPR2020-00013
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`

`

`Application N0; Fiicd Herewith
`Date: MayZ'i,201i
`
`Docket No; i BSH 16928
`
`Remarks
`
`Ciaims L56 hava besn canceiled. New Ciaims 57~7O are being addad. N0 mew matter is
`
`being introduced:
`
`lg'espquftgly Submitted;
`
`fig fig-”‘35:?“
`
`-
`
`821211030) Pasicmack
`Registration Number: 295%
`Masgachuscfis Instiiutg af Technafiegy
`One Cambridge Center
`Room 551518601
`
`€ambridge, MA 02142
`617.258.7171
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 5
`IPR2020-00013
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`FORD Ex. 1102, page 5
` IPR2020-00013
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`

`

`Q.
`
`nd.
`
`\ F E
`
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`“£1.
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`figivfifi
`‘9'~ As 3 below nameai invenmr, E here‘hy dmfime that:
`6b“:e;-
`93 7339’}; My resiricnce, post office addxess and citizenshig are: as stated fieicw next to my name,
`
`‘3;
`
`E bsiievefi am an miginai, first and jam: invamor cfthe subject matter which is clainied and
`for which a patent is sought an the invenfim entitled:
`
`FUEL MANA GEMENT SYSTEM F02? VARMBLE EMANGL GCTANE
`ENHzfiNCEMEN?‘ {PF GASQLENE ENGHVE'S‘
`
`{ha specification of which {I authorize Choate, £313 3:. Stswafi to check one of ihe faflewing
`thee aheiceg, anei fill in iha flanks, if appfiicabia}:
`
`is anached harem
`
`
`X was filed an Nevembsr 18 20:04 as Apphcman Sena} No.1 0:22;.2274 aaé
`
`
`
`
`an
`
`am
`
`
`was flied as PCT Enigmatioaai appiigatioa Ne;
`arm was mendcd under PCT Afliaie 1?
`
`(if appiicabig),
`
`Ihem‘ay state that H have reviewed and understood the ccnteniS of fire above—identified
`specificatian, inciuding the: claims, as amendeei by any grammar}: rafemd Ea ahave.
`
`E ashxcwiadged the duty in: disclcsg infunnatien which is matafiafi Ea {ha examinafiio‘n 0f
`this appiisation in acmmanee with Tifia 3?, Sada afFedem! Regaiations, §L56.
`
`E hereby claim fareign primity benefits maéer Title: 35, United States Cede, §E 29 cf any
`{twig} agppficafiiufis} far gamut; or invmmr‘s certificate iizted belaw and have Edge idmiifieé
`beiow any foreign application for pafiem or invenmx‘s cafiificafie having a filing date before ihat
`of the applicatim cm which priority is chimed:
`
`Prim Foreign Appiicafion(s):
`
`hilarity Ciajmed
`
`mama}
`
`(Canning)
`
`(BayfivianttheariFiiadE
`
`Yas 31$
`
`(Numbar)
`
`(69mm!)
`
`(Dayifi/Ecnihfiearifiied}
`
`Ygg Ti};
`
`Page 1 cf 3
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 6
`IPR2020-00013
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 6
` IPR2020-00013
`
`

`

`E hereby skim the henefit under This 358 Uniteé States (3063, §EEG {if any United Siam:
`applicatian{3) or PCI‘ intcmafional applicahou(s) desigming the Unitad States of Amexica listad
`below and, insafar as the subject mane: flash of She ciaims hf thig appiihatien is 510% fisciesad
`in thc grist Unified Straws apphcatéaz: in the manger pmvided hy the first paragraph cf THE: 35,
`United States Code, §1123 I aclmcwiedge the duty :9 diseloss malarial infemafion as éefined in
`Title 3?, Eode of Fefierai Regulazicns, §L5fi which became avaflahls hetween the filing date of
`the pfim‘ apgfiisatian and tha natianai a: PC”? intemaficmai filing éata 9f this applicafien:
`
`(Appfiicatich Ssriai No.)
`
`(filing data)
`
`(stam-patamed, pendiug, abméaued)
`
`(Applicatisn Sarah} Na.)
`
`{filfing date)
`
`{status-patented, pending, abamioned)
`
`PCT Ahpficafians designating the United Siam:
`
`{PCT Apglv Na)
`
`(U.S.S=N‘)
`
`(signs-paganied, pandihg, ahahdaned)
`
`
`
`I hershy claim the benefit 1.332%: This 35, Unitsd States Sada? §11§{e) 05am! {limited Siam
`pmvisianai apphcaficnfis) listed heiow and, insofar as the subject matter of each of the ciaims of
`this appfiicafion is rant fiiscinsed in the: prim {3‘me States apphcaiich in thh manner previded hy
`the first paragmgh hf Title 35y Unitcd States Chas, §1 :23 E acknowledge file éuty i9 dismiss:
`information which is mathn’al i0 patentahiiity as ficfineci in Titie 37, Code affadcmfi
`Reguiafims, §L56 which hem: avaiiabic between the fiiing date: cf inhc prior apphcah‘hh and
`the natima! filing date: of this applicatian,
`
`mvisienafi Apphcatimfi):
`
`{Apphcafion Sefiafi Na.)
`
`{fihhg data)
`
`(status)
`
`{Apphcafioh Seriai Na.)
`
`{fifing date)
`
`-
`
`(shims)
`
`I hhrshy deflate that ail statements madh herhin cf my om: Emewihdge are true and that
`all statemenis made an mfunnafiaa am? hafief are behaved m 335 true; and We? ihai these
`statements wew mafia with the imawiadge mas WEE Efai fake smemems any} the iike S0 made am
`punishable by flag or imprisahmem, or both, under Scotizm 1091 szitle 13 ofihe United Stats
`Chdc and that such wiflfui false siatwnents may jwparéize ihe vaiidity a? the: application or any
`patents issusfi mama.
`
`Paga 2 0:3
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 7
`IPR2020-00013
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 7
` IPR2020-00013
`
`

`

` Residenae
`
`Citizenship
`
`
`
`Page 3 cf}
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 8
`IPR2020-00013
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 8
` IPR2020-00013
`
`

`

`Electronic Patent Application Fee Transmittal
`
`Application Number:
`
`Filing Date:
`
`T't'e °f Inventwm
`
`FUEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR VARIABLE ETHANOL OCTANE
`ENHANCEMENT OF GASOLINE ENGINES
`
`
`
`Miscellaneous Filing:
`
`
`
`First Named Inventor/Applicant Name: Daniel R. Cohn
`
`Filer:
`
`Attorney Docket Number:
`
`Sam Pasternack/Ellen Byal
`
`11381.110928
`
`Filed as Large Entity
`
`Utility under 35 USC111(a) Filing Fees
`
`Description
`
`Fee Code
`
`Quantity
`
`Sub-Total in
`U5D($)
`
`Basic Filing:
`
`330
`330
`1
`Utility application filing
`
`
`Utility Search Fee
`
`
`
`Patent-Appeals-ancl Interference:
`
`Post-AIIowance-and Post-Issuance:
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 9
`IPR2020-00013
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 9
` IPR2020-00013
`
`

`

`Extension-of—Time:
`
`Miscellaneous:
`
`870
`
`Total in USD ($)
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 10
`IPR2020-00013
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 10
` IPR2020-00013
`
`

`

`Electronic Acknowledgement Receipt
`
`EFS ID:
`
`10184071
`
`
`
`Application Number: 13117448
`
`International Application Number:
`
`Confirmation Number:
`
`
`T'tle °f "New”:
`
`FUEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR VARIABLE ETHANOL OCTANE
`ENHANCEMENT OF GASOLINE ENGINES
`
`
`
`First Named Inventor/Applicant Name:
`
`Daniel R. Cohn
`
`Customer Number:
`
`91197
`
`
`
`Filer: Sam Pasternack/Ellen Byal
`
`Filer Authorized By:
`
`Sam Pasternack
`
`
`
`Attorney Docket Number: 11381.110928
`
`Receipt Date:
`
`27-MAY-2011
`
`Filing Date:
`
`
`
`Time Stamp: 13:24:12
`
`Application Type:
`
`Utility under 35 USC111(a)
`
`Payment information:
`
`Submitted with Payment
`
`
`
`
`Charge any Additional Fees required under 37 C.F.R. Section 1.19 (Document supply fees)
`
`Authorized User
`
`O'BRIEN,DAN|EL
`
`The Director of the USPTO is hereby authorized to charge indicated fees and credit any overpayment as follows:
`Charge any Additional Fees required under 37 C.F.R. Section 1.17 (Patent application and reexamination processing fees)
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 11
`IPR2020-00013
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 11
` IPR2020-00013
`
`

`

`Charge any Additional Fees required under 37 C.F.R. Section 1.21 (Miscellaneous fees and charges)
`
`File Listing:
`Document
`Number
`
`File Size(Bytes)/
`Message Digest
`263130
`
`Part l.zip (if appl.)
`
`Document Description
`
`File Name
`
`Application Data Sheet
`
`11381110928ads.pdf
`
`4e1c1391b3a7e18370d8da79302<0bf9780
`b7b67
`
`Warnings:
`Information:
`
`This is not an USPTO supplied ADS fillable form
`
`Warnings:
`Information:
`116646
`
`Information:
`
`
`
`Specification
`
`113811109285pecpdf
`
`Drawings—only black and white line
`drawings
`
`11381110928f|gs.pdf
`
`Preliminary Amendment
`
`11381110928PA.pdf
`
`Fee Worksheet (PTO-875)
`
`fee-infopdf
`
`
`
`597230
`
`(81(e7647728034d6d732683d8460a4185a
`7:308
`
`143690
`
`7ae2330029d09f6I940C893 I 10929e22594
`94309
`
`e3377rhrrl79§l7f4611448l71 1411181 FEW 1
`7001
`
`120624
`
`6(dUS'IZCb/‘J/1214'ld4/n ICZb‘JCUUd/bSC
`1606b
`
`31603
`
`de728373ea3b13b7f44536eb1d6fdf38701
`(15:3
`
`Warnings:
`
`Total Files Size (in bytes)
`
`1272923
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 12
`IPR2020-00013
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`FORD Ex. 1102, page 12
` IPR2020-00013
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`

`

`New Applications Under 35 U.S.C. 111
`Ifa new application is being filed and the application includes the necessary components for a filing date (see 37 CFR
`1.53(b)—(d) and MPEP 506), a Filing Receipt (37 CFR 1.54) will be issued in due course and the date shown on this
`Acknowledgement Receipt will establish the filing date ofthe application.
`
`National Stage of an International Application under 35 U.S.C. 371
`Ifa timely submission to enter the national stage ofan international application is compliant with the conditions of 35
`U.S.C. 371 and other applicable requirements a Form PCT/DOIEOI903 indicating acceptance of the application as a
`national stage submission under 35 U.S.C. 371 will be issued in addition to the Filing Receipt, in due course.
`
`This Acknowledgement Receipt evidences receipt on the noted date by the USPTO ofthe indicated documents,
`characterized by the applicant, and including page counts, where applicable. It serves as evidence of receipt similar to a
`Post Card, as described in MPEP 503.
`
`the application.
`
`New International Application Filed with the USPTO as a Receiving Office
`lfa new international application is being filed and the international application includes the necessary components for
`an international filing date (see PCT Article 11 and MPEP 1810), a Notification of the International Application Number
`and ofthe International Filing Date (Form PCT/R0/105) will be issued in due course, subject to prescriptions concerning
`national security, and the date shown on this Acknowledgement Receipt will establish the international filing date of
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 13
`IPR2020-00013
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 13
` IPR2020-00013
`
`

`

`PTO/36114 i11~08)
`Approved for use through 09/30,:‘2010. OMB 06510032
`US. Patent and Trademark Office; 0.5. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
`Under ihe Paperwoik Reduciieri Am of 1895, no persons are required 7.0 ragpnnd 10 a miiecflan (1:4 information uniess it mntairis a valid OMB centre! number.
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`FORD Ex. 1102, page 14
`IPR2020-00013
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 14
` IPR2020-00013
`
`

`

`
`
`PTOI‘SBIM (‘\ I -08)
`Apprcued it-r-use through, 09/30/2010 OMB 0651-0032
`US .Paleni and?rademark Office; Li.8. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
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`‘ Anpiicaticn Data Sheet 3'? SEA 175:----------------------
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`3 EKEENI’VEQNAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR VARIABLE ETHANOL OCTANE ENHANCEMENT OF GASOLENE
`
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`”””” FUEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR VAREABtE ETHANOL orTANE ENHANCEMEE’IT 0E" ’ T
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`GASOLINE ENGINES
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`FORD Ex. 1102, page 15
`IPR2020-00013
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`FORD Ex. 1102, page 15
` IPR2020-00013
`
`

`

`PTO/88114 (1 ‘i-GE)
`Approved for use through (391'301'2010. OMB 0651-0032
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`E FUEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR VARiAELE ETHANOL OCTANE ENHANCEMENT OF GASOLiNE
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`FORD Ex. 1102, page 16
`IPR2020-00013
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 16
` IPR2020-00013
`
`

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`PTOISBI'W (‘1 i438)
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`FORD Ex. 1102, page 17
`IPR2020-00013
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`FORD Ex. 1102, page 17
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`

`Faint Management System fer Vnrinhie Ethnnni Getnne Enhancement
`
`ef Gnseiine Engines;
`
`{9901}
`
`This a‘ppiication is a continuation oi‘United States Patent Appiication No.
`
`i if840.7i9
`
`fiied on August i7, 2007, which is a enntinuntinn of United States Patent Application No.
`
`iii/991,774, which is new issued as United States Patent No, 7,314,033.
`
`BACKGRGUNB
`
`$0925
`
`This invention relates in spark ignition gasoline engines utilizing an antiknoek agent
`
`which is a liquid fnei with a higher octane number than gasoiine such as ethanoi tn improve
`
`engine efficiency.
`
`E99633
`
`it is known that the efficiency ofspark ignitinn (SI) gasoline engines can be increased
`
`by high compression ratio eneration and particularly by engine downsizing. The engine
`
`downsizing is made possible by the use of substantial pressure boosting from either
`
`tnrboeherging nr snpereharging. Such pressure hnosting makes it pnssihle to obtain the same
`
`performance in a signiticantiy smalier engine. m, J. Stokes, e! (11., “A Gaeoiine Engine
`
`Concept For improved Fuel Economy The LeewBoost System,” SAE Paper 2001—01—2902.
`
`The use of these techniques to increase engine efficiency, however, is iimited by the onset of
`
`engine knock, Knock. is the undesired detonation of fact and can severely damage an engine. if
`
`knock can be prevented, then high compressinn ratin operation and high pressure boasting can be
`
`used to increase engine efficiency by up to twenty-five percent.
`
`{6004] Octane number represents the resistance of‘a fuel to knocking but the use of higher
`
`octane gasoline oniy modestly alleviates the tendency to knock. For exampie, the differenee
`
`between regular and premium gasniine is typicaiiy six octane numbers. That is Significantly iess
`
`than is needed to reaiize fuily the efficiency benefits of high compression ratio or turbocharged
`
`nneratinn. There is thus a need far a nraeticni means fnr achieving a much higher level of’nctane
`
`enhancement so that engineg can be operated much more etiicientiy.
`
`iniii
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 18
`IPR2020-00013
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`FORD Ex. 1102, page 18
` IPR2020-00013
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`

`

`56605}
`
`it is known to replace a portion oi” gasoline with small amounts; ot‘cthanol ended at the
`
`refinery. Ethanol has a blending octane number (ON) of l 10 (versus. 95 for premium gasoline)
`
`(see .53. Heywood, “internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals,” McGraw Hill, l988, p. 477)
`
`and is alno attractive because it is a. renewable energy, hiomann~tterived fuel, but the small
`
`amounts of e linnoi that have heretofore been added to gasoline have hall a relatively enroll
`
`intranet on engine performance. Ethanol is much more expensive than gasoline and the amount
`
`ol‘cthnnol that is readily available is much smaller than that (it"asolinc because of the relatively
`
`limited amount ot'bioinnnn that is available for its production. An object ol‘the present invention
`
`is to minimize the amount of ethanol or other nntiknoelt agent that is used to achieve 'a given
`
`level of engine efficiency inereaee. By reetrieting the. use of ethanol to the relatively small
`
`fraction of time in an operating cycle when it is needed to prevent knock in a higher load regime
`
`and by minimizing its use at these timee, the amount of ethanol that is required can be limited to
`
`a relatively small fraction ofthe fuel used by the sport: ignition gasoline engine.
`
`SUMMARY
`
`[(36061
`
`in. one aspect, the invention in n fuel management system for efficient operation of a
`
`spark ignition gasoline engine including a source ol‘an antilmock agent such as ethanol. An
`
`injector directly injects the ethanol into a cylinder of the engine and a fuel management system
`
`controls injection ofthe antihnoek agent into the cylinder to control knock with minimum use of
`
`the antiknock agent. A preferred antihnock agent is ethanol. Ethanol has a high heat of
`
`vaporization so that there if»; substantial cooling of the air-fuel charge to the cylinder when it is
`
`injected directly into the engine.
`
`'Il‘his cooling effect reduces the octane requirement ot’the
`
`engine by a considerable amount in addition to the improvement in knock resistance item the
`
`relatively high octane number ofelhanol. Methanol. tertiary butyl aleohol, MTBE. ETBE, and
`
`TAME may also he used. Wherever ethanol is used herein
`
`is to be understood that other
`
`aniiknocit agents are contemplated.
`
`liliiil’il
`
`The Fuel management sygtern uses a fuel management control system that mny use a
`
`microprocessor that operates in an open loop fashion on a predetermined correlation between
`
`octane numb-er enhancement and traction of fuel provided by the antiknock agent. To conserve
`
`the ethanol, it is preferred that it be ridden only during portions ofa drive cycle requiring knock
`
`resistance and that its use be minimized during these times. Altematively, the gasoline engine
`
`Bells
`
`FORD Ex. 1102, page 19
`IPR2020-00013
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`FORD Ex. 1102, page 19
` IPR2020-00013
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`

`

`may include a knock sensor that provides a tecdbaek signal to a fuel management
`
`microprocessor systom to minimize the amount of the ethanol ethical to prov-ant knock in a closed
`
`loop fashion.
`
`liltltlgl
`
`In one embodiment the injectors stratify the ethanol to provide non—uniform deposition
`
`within a cylinder. For cxampia, the ethanol may be injected proximate to the cylinder walls and
`
`swirl can create a ring of ethanol near the walls.
`
`litililigi
`
`in another embodiment of this aspect ofthe invention, the system includes a measure
`
`ot‘the amount ofthe antiknoek agent such as ethanol in the source containing the antiknock agent
`
`to control turbocharging. suporcharging or spark retard when that amount of ethanol is low.
`
`lititlfil
`
`The direct injection of ethanol provides substantially a IBDQ‘ rirop in temperature for
`
`every ten percent of fuel. energy provided by ethanol. An instantaneous octane enhancement of
`
`at least 4 octet to numbers may bc obtained for every 20 percent or" the engine’s energy coming
`
`from the ethanol.
`
`BRIEF SESCREP'I‘ION 0F 'FHE DRAWINGS
`
`{thin}
`
`FIG. E is a block diagram of one embodiment ofthe invention diseloscd herein.
`
`liIEIIZI
`
`FIG. 2 is a graph of the drop in temperature within a cylindor as a function of the
`
`fraction of encrgy provided by ethanol,
`
`@313}
`
`FIG. 3 is a schematic iliustration ofthe stratification oi‘coolcr ethanol ohargo using
`
`direct injection and swirl motion for achieving thermal stratification.
`
`{991% FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration showing ethanol stratified in an inlet manifold.
`
`itiiilfil
`
`FIG. 5 is a block diagram ofan embodiment ofthe invention in which the fuel
`
`managcmont microprocessor is used to control a turbocharger and spark retard based upon the
`amount oi'othanol in 3. Fuel tank.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION
`
`[0316] With reference first to FIG. I, a spark ignition gasoline engine It} includes a knock
`
`sensor 1'2 and a fuel management microprocessor system let. The fuel management
`
`microprocessor system I4 controls the direct injection ofan antiknock agent such as ethanol
`
`From an ethanol tank to. The fuel management microproce