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`y omitted from the submitted application parts.
`19. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
`
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`reiepnone 4159553005 __
`Name (Print/Type) DANIEL J LIN
`Registration No. (Attomey/Agent) 47_750
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`If you need assistance in completing the form, call 1-800-PTO-9199 and select option 2.
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`Z’P‘Me
`
`Apple Inc.
`EX. 1022 - Page 1
`
`Apple Inc.
`Ex. 1022 - Page 1
`
`

`

`_i
`
`IlllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
`
`1702060'
`
`<3)
`C1D.
`0°
`Under the Pa - ‘ rwork Reduction Act of 1995 no --- rsons are
`
`
`FEE TRANSMITTAL
`
`PTO/SBI17 (10-03)
`Approved for use through 07/31/2006. OMB 06510032
`US. Patent and Trademark Office; US. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
`- nuired to res . nd to a collection of information unless it dis-Ia
`a valid OMB control number.
`
`
`WW“
`
`
`
`‘ oplication Number
`
`”“9”“
`
`DANIEL J LIN
`
`for FY 2004
`Effective 10/01/2003. Patent fees are subject to annual revision.
`
`Applicant claims small entity status. See 37 CFR 1.27
`
`TOTAL AMOUNT OF PAYMENT
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`($) 565.00
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`METHOD OF PAYMENT (check all that apply)
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`
`
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`
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`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`DJL.2
`
`
`FEE CALCULATION (continued)
`
`
`
`3. ADDITIONAL FEES
`Check [lemma [:1 “3%? Dover DNone
`D Deposit Amount:
`
` F99 F99 Fee Fee Fee Des 'tion
`
`
`
`
`
`Deposit
`Account
`mp
`Fee Paid
`Code (5)
`1051
`130
`Number
`2051
`65 Surcharge - late filing fee or oath
`50 1052
`
`
`Deposit
`
`2052
`25 Surcharge - late provisional filing fee or
`Account
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`
`cover sheet
`
`
`Name
`1053
`130
`130 Non-English specification
`1053
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`1812 2.520
`1812 2,520 For filing a request for ex parte reexamination
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`Charge fee(s) indiwted below
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`1804
`920'
`1804 920' Requesting publication of SIR prior to
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`1805 1.840'
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`Examiner action
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`1251
`1 10
`2251
`55 Extension for reply within first month
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`FEE CALCULATION
`
`
`1252
`420
`2252
`210 Extension for reply within second month
`
`1. BASIC FILING FEE
`
`
`
`1253
`950
`2253
`475 Extension for reply within third month
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`Large Entity Small Entity
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`
`
`Fee Description
`1254 1,480
`
`
`
`
`1255 2,010
`
`2001 385
`Utility filing fee
`
`
`2002 170
`Design filing fee
` 2401
`i
`1401
`330
`
`
`
`_
`2402
`' 1402
`330
`
`
`
`2003 265
`Plant filing fee _
`1403
`290
`2403
`2004 385
`Reissue filing fee
`
`
`
`1451 1,510
`2005
`80
`Provisional filing fee
`1,510 Petition to institute a public use proceeding
`1451
`
`
`
`
`1452
`110
`2452
`55 Petition to revive - unavoidable
`
`
`SUBTOTAL m
`
`
`1453 1,330
`2453
`665 Petition to revive - unintentional
`
`
`
`2. EXTRA CLAIM FEES FOR UTILITY AND REISSUE
`1501 1,330
`Fee from
`
`2501
`665 Utility issue fee (or reissue)
`
`
`
`Extr Claims
`Fee Paid
`1502
`480
`2502
`240 Design issue fee
`
`
`
`Total Claims
`-20" = t] X 52%E
`
`1503
`640
`2503
`320 Plant issue fee
`
`
`| d
`d
`t
`..
`
`1460
`1 30
`1460
`130 Petitions to the Commissioner
`Cnlafrggne"
`.3 =EJX-4i—2:
`
`
`Multiple Dependent
`
`
`
`50
`
`1807
`50 Processing fee under 37 CFR 1.17(q)
`
`
`180
`1806
`1806
`180 Submission of Information Disclosure Stmt
`
`Fee Fee
`
`
`
`Fee Description
`
`~ 8021
`40
`Code (3)
`
`
`
`
`
`2202
`
`
`1 201
`86
`2201
`
`
`
`
`1 203 290
`2203 145 Multiple dependent claim, if not paid
`
`86 1 204
`
`
`2204
`43 “ Reissue independent claims
`
`
`
`over original patent
`
`1205
`18
`“ Reissue claims in excess of 20
`1802
`900
`
`
`
`
`and over original patent
`
`
`
`susromm _
`
`
`-aid, if -reater; For Reissues, see above
`
`SUBM "TED BY
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`740 Extension for reply within fourth month
`2254
`2255 1005 Extension for reply within fifth month
`
`165 Notice of Appeal
`165 Filing a brief in support of an appeal
`145 Request for oral hearing
`
`-_
`
`
`
`
`9 Claims in excess of 20
`43
`Independent claims in excess of 3
`
`2205
`
`9
`
`"or number reviousl
`
`_; O
`
`8021
`
`2809
`
`2810
`
`2801
`1802
`
`40 Recording each patent assignment per
`property (times number of properties)
`385 Filing a submission after final rejection
`(37 CFR 1.129(a))
`385 For each additional invention to be
`examined (37 CFR 1.129(b))
`385 Request for Continued Examination (RCE)
`900 Request for expedited examination
`of a design application
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`
`
`
`
`Other fee (specify)
`
`'Reduced by Basic Filing Fee Paid
`
`SUBTOTAL (3)
`(Complete (if applicable»
`
`$ 180
`
`DANIEL J LIN
`47,750
`Telephone 41595e3005
`—W_ 842-04
`
`WARNING: Information on this form may become public. Credit card Information should not
`be Included on this form. Provide credit card Information and authorization on PTO-2038.
`This collection of information is required by 37 CFR 1.17 and 1.27. The information is required to obtain or retain a benefit by the public which is to file (and by the
`USPTO to process) an application. Confidentiality is governed by 35 U.S.C. 122 and 37 CFR 1.14. This collection is estimated to take 12 minutes to complete,
`including gathering, preparing, and submitting the completed application form to the USPTO. Time will vary depending upon the individual use. Any comments on
`the amount of time you require to complete this form and/or suggestions for reducing this burden, should be sent to the Chief Information Officer, US. Patent and
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`SEND To: Commissioner for Patents, P.O. Box 1450, Alexandria, VA 22313-1450.
`
`If you need assistance in completing the form, call 1-800—PTO—9199 and select option 2.
`
`Apple Inc.
`EX. 1022 - Page 2
`
`Apple Inc.
`Ex. 1022 - Page 2
`
`

`

`Peer-to-Peer Mobile Instant Messaging Method and Device
`
`Cross Reference to Related Applications
`
`This application is a continuation-in-part of US. patent application No. 10/817,994, filed
`April 4, 2004.
`
`Field of the Invention
`
`The present invention relates generally to messaging techniques for mobile devices, and
`more specifically, a technique to establish peer-to-peer session-based instant messaging ("IM")
`communications among mobile devices without the need for IM registration.
`
`Background of the Invention
`
`Current instant messaging ("IM") technologies depend upon a registration system to
`enable end users to communicate with one another. For example, to establish an IM session on
`AOL's Instant Messenger ("AIM"), each participating end user must have registered with AOL and
`must log into an AIM server in order to use the service. This registration system creates a virtual
`network of registered users and the value to a new user in joining an IM service is directly related
`to the number of existing users already registered on the service. As more users register to use
`an IM service, the value of the IM service to registered users increases since registered users will
`be able establish IM sessions with an increasing number of users Known as a "network effect,"
`this phenomenon causes a further tipping effect, which is the natural tendency for few (or even a
`single) IM services to pull away from their competitors once they have gained an initial edge by
`registering a critical mass of users. This tipping effect tends to occur rapidly and stems, in part,
`from users'
`inclination to gravitate towards the IM services that they expect will be become
`dominant. This tipping effect gives proprietary IM services such as AIM, Microsoft's .NET
`Messenger Service, and Yahoo! Messenger, that have achieved a large network of registered
`users, a strong barrier to entry into the IM market. As such, proprietary IM services may be
`reluctant to provide interoperability to other less established IM services since providing such
`access could cannibalize their competitive network advantage.
`From a technical perspective, the registration system used in M sen/ices is necessary to
`provide presence capabilities.
`In order to establish an IM session, an end user must be
`registered with the IM service so that the end user can log into the service's IM server, which
`broadcasts the end user’s availability to engage in IM sessions to an authorized group of the end
`user's peers that have also registered and logged into the IM server. The IM server also similarly
`provides the end user with a list of registered peers that are available to engage in an IM session.
`When end users engage in IM sessions over a traditional connected network environment,
`presence capabilities are a critical characteristic of an IM service because such capabilities are
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`Ex. 1022 - Page 3
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`needed to provide an end user's peers with sufficient presence information (i.e., IP address and
`port number) in order to locate the end user within the network and establish a connection
`between the. end user and a peer for an IM session. Furthermore, logging into an IM server also
`enables an end user to indicate whether or not he or she is physically present (e.g., sitting in front
`of a networked workstation or in front of a laptop that is connected the network) and willing to
`engage in an IM session.
`
`IM services for mobile devices, such as smartphones, appear to have less a
`However,
`need for presence capabilities. Unlike establishing an IM session on a laptop, desktop or
`workstation, where the end user must broadcast his or her availability and presence information
`on the network when he or she is physically sitting in front of the laptop, desktop or workstation,
`establishing an IM session on a mobile device does not suffer from the same presence issues
`because the end user is presumed to be carrying the mobile device at all times. So long as the
`mobile device has enough contact information (e.g., cellular telephone number, PIN number, etc.)
`to directly communicate with other mobile devices through the underlying wireless network
`technology (e.g., cellular technology, etc.), an IM session could be initiated and established in a
`
`manner similar to making and answering mobile phone calls without the need for registering with
`or logging into an IM server in order to broadcast presence information to other end users for IM
`purposes.
`
`Furthermore, unlike IM services in a traditional connected network environment,
`successful end user adoption of an IM service between mobile devices would not suffer from
`reliance upon establishing a critical mass of end users through a registration system.
`in contrast,
`such an IM service would be instantly usable to any and all end users of mobile devices so long
`as such mobile devices are already capable of directly communicating with other mobile devices
`through the underlying wireless mobile technology without needing further presence information
`(e.g., cellular phones directly communicating with other cellular phones through cellular telephone
`numbers). As such, what is needed is a method to establish lM sessions directly between mobile
`devices, where such mobile devices are capable of directly communicating with other mobile
`devices through the underlying wireless technology, such that no IM registration or log-in server is
`needed to provide presence information to other mobile devices for IM purposes.
`
`Summary of the Invention
`
`The present invention provides a method for establishing a peer-to—peer session-based
`lM communications between mobile devices over a digital mobile network system that supports
`data packet-based communications. Under the present invention, no lM registration or IM log-in
`server need be used to provide presence information.
`Instead, a mobile device initiating an IM
`session opens a listening port defined by an underlying data packet based network protocol. The
`initiating mobile device sends an invitation message containing the network address,
`including
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`EX. 1022 - Page 4
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`the listening port,~of the initiating device to a target mobile device through a page—mode
`messaging service supported by the digital mobile network system. The initiating mobile device
`further utilizes and incorporates a unique identification number (e.g.,
`telephone number, PIN
`
`number, etc.) associated with the target mobile device into the invitation message to locate and
`contact the target mobile device within the wireless mobile network. Alternatively, the invitation
`
`message may be embedded in the telephony ringing signal sent to the target mobile device.
`Once the initiating mobile device receives a response from the target mobile device at the
`listening port, the two mobile devices are able to establish a reliable virtual connection through
`the underlying data packet—based network protocol in order to exchange text messages directly
`between the two mobile devices through a session-based communication.
`
`Brief Description of the Drawings
`
`FIGURE 1 depicts a diagram of an environment for establishing an IM session in
`accordance with the present invention between a first mobile device and a second mobile device
`
`in a GSM mobile network system supporting GPRS as a data packet-based communications
`
`service, SMS as a text messaging service, and. TCP/IP as an underlying data packet based
`network protocol.
`
`FIGURE 2 depicts a flow chart for a first embodiment for establishing a peer-to-peer
`session-based IM system in accordance with the present invention.
`
`FIGURE 3 depicts a flow chart for a second embodiment for establishing a peer-to-peer
`session-based IM system in accordance with the present invention.
`
`Detailed Description of the Invention
`
`Figure 1 depicts one environment to deploy an embodiment of the present invention. As
`depicted, the underlying digital mobile network system in this environment is the Global System
`for Mobile communications (GSM) 100 standard. Under the GSM standard, each of the mobile
`devices 105 and 110 includes a Subscriber lnforrnation Module (SIM) card that contains unique
`identification information that enables the GSM system to locate the mobile devices within the
`
`network and route data to them. A current commercial example of a mobile device (e.g.,
`smartphone, PDA, handheld, etc.) that might be used in Figure 1 could be Research In Motion's
`
`(RIM) BlackBerry handheld devices, which includes a QWERTY keyboard to facilitate the typing I
`of text. As depicted, a GSM architecture includes the following components: base transceiver
`stations (BTS) 115 and base station controllers (BSC)
`(120A or 1203) for managing the
`transmission of radio signals between the MSC (defined below) and the mobile devices, mobile
`service-switching centers (MSC) (125A and 1258) for performing the all switching functions and
`controlling calls to and from other telephone and data systems, a home location register (HLR)
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`130 for containing all the administrative, routing and location information of each subscriber
`registered in the network, visitor location registers (VLR) (135A and 1353) for containing selected
`administrative information about subscribers registered in one HLR who are roaming in a another
`HLR, and an equipment identity register (ElR) (not shown) for containing a list of all valid mobile
`equipment on the network). As depicted in Figure 1, in one architecture of a GSM network, there
`may be exist one HLR while there may exist multiple MSCs (each with a related VLR) which each
`serves a different geographic area. The MSCs also provide the interface for the GSM network to
`more traditional voice networks 170 such as the PSTN. This underlying GSM architecture
`provides radio resources management (e.g., access, paging and handover procedures, etc.),
`mobility management
`(e.g.,
`location
`updating,
`authentication and security,
`etc),
`and
`communication management (e.g., call routing, etc.) in order to enable mobile devices in the
`GSM network to send and receive data through a.variety of services,
`including the Short
`Message Service (SMS), an asynchronous bi-directional
`text messaging service for short
`alphanumeric messages (up to 160 bytes) that are transported from one mobile device to another
`mobile device in a store-and-forward fashion.
`‘
`
`A GSM network within which the present invention may be deployed would also support a
`page-mode messaging service, such as SMS, that relies upon the underlying GSM mechanisms
`to resolve routing information in order to locate destination mobile devices.
`Page-mode
`messaging services such as SMS transmit messages that are independent or asynchronous with
`each other, but there is no formal relationship between one message and another.
`In contrast, an
`lM session that is implemented in accordance with the present invention is a session-mode or
`session-based messaging service where exchanged messages are formally associated in a
`session thereby minimizing the overhead costs of transmitting independent messages. A GSM
`network supporting SMS text messaging may further
`include the following SMS specific
`components: a short message service center (SMSC) (140A or 1408) for storing and fonivarding
`messages to and from one mobile device to another, an SMS Gateway-MSG (SMS GMSC) for
`receiving the short message from the SMSC (140A or 1408) and interrogating the destination
`mobile device's HLR 130 for routing information to determine the current
`location of the
`destination device to deliver the short message to the appropriate MSC (125A or 1258). The
`SMS GMSC is typically integrated with the SMSC 140.
`In a typical transmission of an SMS text
`message from an originating mobile device 105 to a receiving mobile device 110, (i) the text
`message is transmitted from the mobile 105 to the MSC 125A, (ii) the MSC 125A interrogates its
`VLR 135A to verify that the message transfer does not violate any supplementary services or
`restrictions, (iii) the MSC 125A sends the text message to the SMSC 140A, (iv) the SMSC 140A,
`through the SMS GMSC, interrogates the receiving mobile device's HLR 130 (by accessing the
`SS7 network) to receive routing information for the receiving mobile device 110, (v) the SMSC
`sends the text message to the MSC 1258 servicing receiving mobile device 110, (vi) the MSC
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`1253 retrieves subscriber information from the VLR 1353, and (vii) the MSC 125A transmits the
`
`text message to the receiving mobile device 110. Similar to other transactions on the GSM
`
`network, SMS text messaging utilizes telephone numbers as identifying addresses for mobile
`devices and as such, utilizes the SS7 network signaling system through which cellular service
`providers share information from the HLR with other service providers. As depicted in Figure 1,
`SS7 based signaling communication is represented by the broken lines.
`In contrast, the solid
`lines in Figure 1 represent data or voice based communications.
`
`In addition to a page-mode messaging service such as SMS, a GSM network within
`which the present
`invention may be deployed would also support a data packet based
`communications service, such as the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS),
`that enables
`TCP/IP transmission protocol based communications between mobile devices within the network.
`As depicted in Figure 1, a core GPRS network exists in parallel to the existing GSM core
`network. The BSC 120 may direct voice traffic through the MSC (125A or 1253) to the GSM
`network and data traffic through the Serving GPRS Support Note (SGSN) (145A or 1453) to the
`GPRS network. Such communication between the BSC (125A or 1253) and the SGSN (145A or
`1453) may be, for example, based upon the IP network protocol communication 155. As such,
`GPRS signaling and data traffic do not flow through the core GSM network.
`Instead, the core
`GSM network is used by GPRS only for table look-up in the HLR 130 and VLR (135A or 1353) to
`obtain routing, location and other subscriber information in order to handle user mobility. The
`SGSN (145A or 1453) serves as a "packet-switched MSC," delivering data packets to mobile
`devices in its service area. The Gateway GPRS Support Note (GGSN)
`(150A or 1503)
`communicates with the SGSN (145A or 1453) through an IP based GPRS backbone 160 and
`
`serves as an interface to other external IP networks 165 such as the Internet and other mobile
`service providers' GPRS services.
`
`When an IM service is offered in a traditional online packet based network environment
`such as the Internet,
`the initiating computer must have knowledge of the IP address (and
`possibly, a port) that has been opened on the listening computer to receive lM communications.
`In order to provide such IP address information, an IM service will set up a log-on or registration
`server through which end users can record the IP address on which they are currently listening
`for instant messaging communications. Because all end users have access to (i.e., know the IP
`address of) the registration sewer, they are able to obtain the IP addresses of other end users
`who have also logged-on or registered on the server and thereby initiate lM sessions directly with
`another end user's computer. Alternatively, the log-on or registration server may serve as a
`fonivarding agent between the two end users engaged in an instant messaging session.
`In contrast, in accordance with the present invention, a log-on or registration server for IM
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`or presence purposes can be eliminated on a mobile network environment such as that depicted
`on Figure 1. Through the use of a page-mode messaging service, such as SMS, which transmits
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`messages to mobile devices based upon their telephone numbers, an initiating mobile device can
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`transmit its IP address (and a listening port) in an invitation message to a target mobile device
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`through the target device's telephone number. Once the target device receives the invitation
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`message, it is able to contact the initiating mobile device through the received IP address and the
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`two devices can establish a reliable virtual connection, such as a TCP connection, for session—
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`based IM communications. Figure 2 depicts a flow chart depicting the steps taken by an initiating
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`and target mobile device to establish an IM session in accordance with the present invention.
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`Initially, the initiating mobile device opens a TCP port to listen for communications from the target
`mobile device 210. The target mobile device has also similarly opened an SMS listening port to
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`receive invitation SMS text messages at the specified SMS port 220. The initiating mobile device
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`then transmits its IP address (and TCP port) in an invitation SMS text message to the telephone
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`phone number and a specified SMS port of the target mobile device 230. The target mobile
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`device receives the SMS text message containing the initiating mobile device's IP address (and
`TCP port) at the specified SMS port 240. The target mobile device extracts the IP address and
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`TCP port from the SMS text message and opens its own TCP port 250. The target mobile device
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`then transmits a request to establish a TCP connection to the initiating mobile device's IP address
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`and TCP port 260. The initiating mobile device receives this request 270 and a TCP connection
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`is established between the IP addresses and TCP ports of the initiating and listening mobile
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`devices and these devices are able to engage in an lM session over a reliable virtual connection
`280.
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`Alternatively, Figure 3 depicts a flow chart for an alternative embodiment depicting steps
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`to establish an IM session in accordance with the present invention.
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`Initially, the initiating mobile
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`device opens a TCP port to listen for communications from the target mobile device 310. The
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`initiating mobile device, through its supporting telephone company, then embeds its IP address
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`(and TCP port) in the telephony ringing signal that is transmitted to the target mobile device 320.
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`For example and without limitation, the telephone company may use a frequency shift keyed
`(FSK) signal to embed the lP address (and TCP port) into the telephony signal, similar to the
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`traditional techniques used to embed other special service information, such as a caller ID, in the
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`traditional telephony context. The target mobile device receives the telephony ringing signal from
`the initiating mobile device 330. The target mobile device extracts the IP address and TCP port
`from the telephone ringing signal and opens its own TCP port 340. The target mobile device then
`transmits a request to establish a TCP connection to the initiating mobile device's lP address and
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`TCP port 350. The initiating mobile device receives this request 360‘and a TCP connection is
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`established between the IP addresses and TCP ports of the initiating and listening mobile devices
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`and these devices are able to engage in an IM session over a reliable virtual connection 370.
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`While the foregoing detailed description has described the present invention using SMS,
`GSM, GPRS, and TCP/lP, other similar services and protocols may be used in a variety of similar
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`environments in which the present invention may be implemented. For example and without
`limitation, rather than using SMS to transmit an IP address (and port) from the initiating mobile
`device to the listening mobile device through the devices' telephone numbers, an alternative
`embodiment of the present invention might use a PlN-to-PlN messaging technology (as, for
`example, offered in RlM's Blackberry handheld devices) to transmit the IP address (and port)
`through unique PIN numbers associated with the mobile devices, or an alternative paging
`protocol using telephone numbers. Similarly, rather than using FSK to embed the IP address
`(and port) into the telephony ringing signal, an alternative embodiment of the present invention
`might use a Duel Tone Multi—Frequency (DTMF) transmission to embed the IP address and port.
`Furthermore,
`the present
`invention contemplates that
`the actual protocol used during an
`established lM session may also vary depending upon the preference of the implementation. For
`example and without limitation, Message Session Relay Protocol (MSRP) or any proprietary
`based protocol may be used during the IM session that is established in accordance with the
`present invention. Thus, various modifications, additions and substitutions and the like can be
`made without departing from the Spirit of the invention and these are therefore considered to be
`within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
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`What is claimed is:
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`1. A method of establishing session-based instant messaging communications between mobile
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`devices that support a data packet-based communications service over a digital mobile network
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`system, the method comprising:
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`opening a listening port on an initiating mobile device to receive communications through
`the data packet-based communications service;
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`embedding an invitation message containing the address and the listening port of the
`initiating mobile device in a telephony ringing signal transmitted to a target mobile device.
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`receiving a response from the target mobile device at the listening port on the initiating
`mobile device through the data packet-based communications service; and
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`establishing a virtual connection through the data packet-based communications service
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`for the session-based instant messaging session between the initiating mobile device and
`the target mobile device.
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`2. The method of claim 1 wherein FSK is utilized to embed the address and the listening port of
`the initiating mobile device into the telephone ringing signal.
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`3. The method of claim 1 wherein the data packet-based communications service is GPRS and
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`the digital mobile network system is GSM.
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`4. The method of claim 1 wherein the initiating mobile device and the target mobile device
`include QWERTY keyboards.
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`5. The method of claim 1 wherein the address of the initiating mobile device is an IP address and
`the listening port is a TCP port.
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`6. The method of claim 1 wherein the virtual reliable connection is a TCP connection.
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`7. The method of claim 6 wherein instant messaging communications through the virtual
`connection utilizes MSRP.
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`8. A mobile device enabled to establish session-based instant messaging communications with
`other mobile devices in a digital mobile network system, the mobile device comprising:
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`programming means to support a data packet-based communications service over the
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`digital mobile network system;
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`EX. 1022 - Page 10
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