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`19. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
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`of prior application No.:10/817,994
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`240 LOMBARD STREET #839
`
`Apple Inc.
`Ex. 1023 - Page 1
`
`Apple Inc.
`Ex. 1023 - Page 1
`
`

`

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`-3o0rHP =
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`Name(Print/Type)] DANIEL J LIN
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`Apple Inc.
`Ex. 1023 - Page 2
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`Apple Inc.
`Ex. 1023 - Page 2
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`

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`Peer-to-Peer Mobile Data Transfer Method and Device
`
`Cross Reference to Related Applications
`
`This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application No. 10/817,994, filed
`April 4, 2004, and a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application No. 10/935,342,
`filed
`
`September7, 2004.
`
`Field of the Invention
`
`The present invention relates generally to data transfer techniques for mobile devices,
`
`and more specifically, a technique to establishdata transfer directly between mobile devices.
`
`Background ofthe Invention
`
`Current multimedia messaging technologies for mobile devices depend upon a server
`that receives and prepares multimedia content to be retrieved by the recipient of the multimedia
`message. For example, the Multimedia Messaging Service (“MMS”) protocol utilizes a server
`known as a Multi Media Service Center (“MMSC’) to store multimedia content in preparationfor a
`retrieval processinitiated by the recipient. Specifically, under MMS, the initiating deviceinitiates
`a data connection over TCP/IP and performs an HTTP POSTof an MMS Encapsulation Format
`encoded multimedia message to the MMSC. The MMSCstores the multimedia message and
`makesit available as a dynamically generated URLlink. The MMSCthen generates a notification
`messagecontaining the dynamically generated URL and sends the notification message to the
`recipient through WAP Push over the Short Message Service (“SMS”) protocol. When the
`recipient receives the MMS notification message,it initiates a data connection over TCP/IP and
`performs an HTTPrequestto retrieve the MMS message containing multimedia content from the
`
`MMSCthrough the dynamically generated URL.
`The MMSCis used, in part, by the MMSprotocol in order to provide a known address
`(e.g., a URL) that can be providedto the recipient in a text based formatin orderto initiate a data
`transfer transaction to retrieve the multimedia content. Without such a known address,
`the
`
`sender would be unable to transmit multimedia content to the recipient, since other pre-existing
`messaging technologies (e.g., SMS) only provide the capability to send limited text, and not
`multimedia content, directly to the recipient. As such, what is needed is a method to establish
`data transfer sessions directly between mobile devices, where such mobile devices are capable
`of directly communicating with other mobile devices through the underlying wireless technology,
`such that no separate multimedia server and separateretrieval notification message is needed to
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`obtain data (e.g., multimedia content) other than text.
`
`Summary of the Invention
`
`Apple Inc.
`Ex. 1023 - Page 3
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`Apple Inc.
`Ex. 1023 - Page 3
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`

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`The present invention provides a method for establishing a direct data transfer session
`between mobile devices over a digital mobile network system that supports data packet-based
`communications. Under the presentinvention, no separate data server need be usedto provide
`a knownlocation from which a recipient retrieves data such as multimedia content.
`Instead, a
`mobile deviceinitiating a data transfer opens a listening port defined by an underlying data packet
`based network protocol. Theinitiating mobile device sends aninvitation message containing the
`network address,
`including the listening port, of the initiating device to a target mobile device
`through a page-mode messaging service (e.g., text based service) supported by the digital mobile
`network system.
`The initiating mobile device further utilizes and incorporates a unique
`identification number (e.g.,
`telephone number, PIN number, etc.) associated with the target
`mobile device into the invitation message to locate and contact the target mobile device within the
`wireless mobile network. Once the initiating mobile device receives a response from the target
`mobile device atthe listening port, the two mobile devices are able to establish a reliable virtual
`connection through the underlying data packet-based network protocol in order to transfer data
`directly between the two mobile devices.
`
`Brief Description of the Drawings
`
`FIGURE1 depicts a diagram of an environmentfor establishing a data transfer session in
`accordance with the present invention betweena first mobile device and a second mobile device
`in a GSM mobile network system supporting GPRS as a data packet-based communications
`service, SMS as a text messaging service, and TCP/IP as an underiying data packet based
`networkprotocol.
`
`FIGURE2 depicts a flow chart for establishing a data transfer session in accordance with
`the present invention.
`
`FIGURE3 depicts a flow chart for a second embodimentfor establishing.a data transfer
`session in accordance with the present invention.
`
`Detailed Description of the Invention
`
`Figure 1 depicts one environmentto deploy an embodimentofthe present invention. As
`depicted, the underlying digital mobile network system in this environment is the Global System
`for Mobile communications (GSM) 100 standard. Under the GSM standard, each of the mobile
`devices 105 and 110 includes a Subscriber Information Module (SIM) card that contains unique
`identification information that enables the GSM system to locate the mobile devices within the
`network and route data to them. A current commercial example of a mobile device (e.g.,
`smartphone, PDA, handheld, etc.) that might be used in Figure 1 could be Research In Motion's
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`Ex. 1023 - Page 4
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`Apple Inc.
`Ex. 1023 - Page 4
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`

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`(RIM) BlackBerry handheld devices, which include a QWERTY keyboardto facilitate the typing of |
`text.
`As depicted, a GSM architectureincludes the following components: base transceiver
`Stations (BTS) 115 and base station controllers (BSC)
`(120A or 120B) for managing the
`transmission of radio signals between the MSC (defined below) and the mobile devices, mobile
`service-switching centers (MSC) (125A and 125B) for performingthe all switching functions and
`controiling calls to and from other telephone and data systems, a homelocation register (HLR)
`130 for containing all the administrative, routing and location information of each subscriber
`registered in the network,visitor location registers (VLR) (135A and 135B)for containing selected
`administrative information about subscribers registered in one HLR whoare roaming in a another
`HLR, and an equipmentidentity register (EIR) (not shown)for containing a list of all valid mobile
`equipmenton the network). As depictedin Figure 1, in one architecture of a GSM network, there
`may be exist one HLR while there may exist multiple MSCs (each with a related VLR) which each
`serves a different geographic area. The MSCs also provide the interface for the GSM networkto
`more traditional voice networks 170 such as the PSTN. This underlying GSM architecture
`provides radio resources management (@.g., access, paging and handover procedures, etc.),
`mobility management
`(e.g.,
`location
`updating,
`authentication and security,
`etc.),
`and
`communication management(e.g., call routing, etc.) in order to enable mobile devices in the
`GSM network to send and receive data through a variety of services,
`including the Short
`Message Service (SMS), an asynchronous bi-directional
`text messaging service for short
`alphanumeric messages(up to 160 bytes) that are transported from one mobile device to another
`mobile device in a store-and-forward fashion.
`A GSM networkwithin which the presentinvention may be deployed would also support a
`page-mode messaging service, such as SMS, that relies upon the underlying GSM mechanisms
`to resolve routing information in order to locate destination mobile devices. A GSM network
`supporting SMS text messaging mayfurther include the following SMSspecific components: a
`short message service center (SMSC) (140A or 140B)for storing and forwarding messages to
`and from one mobile device to another, an SMS Gateway-MSC (SMS GMSC)for receiving the
`short message from the SMSC (140A or 140B) andinterrogating the destination mobile device's
`HLR 130 for routing information to determine the current location of the destination device to
`deliver the short messageto the appropriate MSC (125A or 125B). The SMS GMSCis typically
`integrated with the SMSC 140.
`Ina typical transmission of an SMS text message from an
`originating mobile device 105 toa receiving mobile device 110,(i) the text messageis transmitted
`from the mobile 105 to the MSC 125A, (ii) the MSC 125Ainterrogatesits VLR 135A to verify that
`the message transfer does not violate any supplementary servicesorrestrictions,(iii) the MSC
`125A sendsthe text message to the SMSC 140A, (iv) the SMSC 140A, through the SMS GMSC,
`interrogates the receiving mobile device's HLR 130 (by accessing the SS7 network) to receive
`routing information for the receiving mobile device 110, (v) the SMSC sends the text message to
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`Ex. 1023 - Page 5
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`the MSC 125B servicing receiving mobile device 110, (vi) the MSC 125B retrieves subscriber
`information from the VLR 135B, and (vii) the MSC 125A transmits the text message to the
`receiving mobile device 110.
`Similar to other transactions on the GSM network, SMS text
`messaging utilizes telephone numbersas identifying addresses for mobile devices and as such,
`utilizes the SS7 network signaling system through which cellular service providers share
`information from the HLR with other service providers. As depicted in Figure 1, SS7 based
`signaling communication is represented by the broken lines.
`in contrast, the solid lines in Figure
`1 represent data or voice based communications.
`In addition to a page-mode messaging service such as SMS, a GSM network withih
`which the present
`invention may be deployed would also support a data packet based
`communications service, such as the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS),
`that enables
`TCPAP transmission protoco! based communications between mobile devices within the network.
`As depicted in Figure 1, a core GPRS network exists in parallel
`to the existing GSM core
`network. The BSC 120 may direct voice traffic through the MSC (125A or 125B) to the GSM
`network and data traffic through the Serving GPRS Support Note (SGSN) (145A or 145B)to the
`GPRSnetwork. Such communication between the BSC (125A or 125B) and the SGSN (145A or
`145B) may be, for example, based upon the IP network protocol communication 155. As such,
`GPRSsignaling and data traffic do not flow through the core GSM network.
`Instead, the core
`GSM network is used by GPRSonly for table look-up in the HLR 130 and VLR (135A or 135B) to
`obtain routing, location and other subscriber information in order to handle user mobility. The
`SGSN (145A or 145B) serves as a "packet-switched MSC," delivering data packets to mobile
`devices in its service area. The Gateway GPRS Support Note (GGSN)
`(150A or 150B)
`communicates with the SGSN (145A or 145B) through an IP based GPRS backbone 160 and
`serves as an interface to other external IP networks 165 such as the Internet and other mobile
`
`|
`
`service providers' GPRSservices.
`In order to provide direct data transfer capabilities between mobile devices, an initiating
`mobile device must have knowledgeof the IP address (and possibly, a port) of the target device
`in order to establish a direct data transfer. Current mobile multimedia messaging solutions, such
`as MMSdonotprovide direct data transfer capabilities because the initiating mobile device is not
`able to obtain the receiving mobile device’s IP address.
`In essence, servers such as the MMSC
`that are used in current multimedia messaging solutions serve as a forwarding agent between the
`two mobile devices that are unable to determinethe other devices IP address.
`in contrast,
`in accordance with the present invention, a multimedia server such as the
`MMSCcanbeeliminated on a mobile network environment such as that depicted on Figure 1.
`Through the use of a page-mode messaging service, such as SMS, which transmits messages to
`mobile devices based upontheir telephone numbers, aninitiating mobile device can transmitits
`IP address (and a listening port) in an invitation message to a target mobile device through the
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`Ex. 1023 - Page 6
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`Ex. 1023 - Page 6
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`target device's telephone number. Oncethe target device receives the invitation message,it is
`able to contactthe initiating mobile device through the received IP address and the two devices
`can establish a reliable virtual connection, such as a TCP connection,for reliable data transfer
`session. Figure 2 depicts a flow chart depicting the steps taken byaninitiating and target mobile
`device to establish a direct data transfer session in accordance with the present invention.
`Initially, the initiating mobile device opens a TCPport to listen for communications from the target
`mobile device 210. The target mobile device has also similarly opened an SMSlistening port to
`receive invitation SMS text messagesat the specified SMS port 220. Theinitiating mobile device
`then transmits its IP address (and TCPport) in an invitation SMS text messageto the telephone
`phone number and a specified SMS port of the target mobile device 230. The target mobile
`device receives the SMS text messagecontainingtheinitiating mobile device's IP address (and
`TCPport) at the specified SMS port 240. The target mobile device extracts the IP address and
`TCPport from the SMS text message and opensits own TCP port 250. The target mobile device
`then transmits a request to establish a TCP connectionto theinitiating mobile device's IP address
`and TCP port 260.
`Theinitiating mobile device receives this request 270 and a TCP connection
`is established between the IP addresses and TCP ports of the initiating and listening mobile
`devices and these devices are able to engage in a data transfer session overa reliable virtual
`
`.
`
`connection 280.
`Alternative, Figure 3 depicts a flow chart for an alternative embodiment depicting steps to
`establish a direct data transfer session in accordance with the present invention.
`Initially, the
`initiating mobile device opens a TCP port to listen for communications from the target mobile
`device 310. The initiating mobile device,
`through its supporting telephone company,
`then
`embedsits IP address (and TCP port) in the telephony ringing signal that is transmitted to the
`target mobile device 320. For example and withoutlimitation, the telephone company may use a
`frequency shift keyed (FSK) signal to embed the IP:address (and TCP port) into the telephony
`signal, similar to the traditional techniques used to embed other special service information, such
`as a caller ID,
`in the traditional
`telephony context. The target mobile device receives the
`telephony ringing signal from the initiating mobile device 330. The target mobile device extracts
`the iP address and TCPport from the telephoneringing signal and opensit's own TCP port 340.
`The target mobile device than transmits a request to establish a TCP connection to the initiating
`mobile device’s IP address and TCP port 350. Theinitiating mobile device receivesthis request
`360 and a TCP connection is established between the IP addresses and TCP ports of the
`initiating and listening mobile devices and these devices are able to engage in a direct data
`transfer session overa reliable virtual connection 370.
`While the foregoing detailed description has described the presentinvention using SMS,
`GSM, GPRS,and TCP/IP, other similar services and protocols may be usedin a variety of similar
`environments in which the present invention may be implemented. For example and without
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`Ex. 1023 - Page 7
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`Ex. 1023 - Page 7
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`limitation, rather than using SMS to transmit an IP address (and port) from the initiating mobile
`device to the listening mobile device through the devices’ telephone numbers, an alternative
`embodiment of the present invention might use a PIN-to-PIN messaging technology (as, for
`example, offered in RIM's Blackberry handheld devices) to transmit the IP address (and port)
`through unique PIN numbers associated with the mobile devices, or an alternative paging
`protocol using telephone numbers. Similarly, rather than using FSK to embed the IP address
`(and port) into the telephony ringing signal, an alternative embodiment of the present invention
`might use a Duel Tone Multi-Frequency (DTMF) transmission to embed the IP address andport.
`Furthermore,
`the present
`invention contemplates that
`the actual protocol used during an
`established IM session may also vary depending uponthe preference of the implementation. For
`example and without limitation, Message Session Relay Protocol (MSRP) or any proprietary
`based protocol may be used during the IM session that is established in accordance with the
`present invention. Thus, various modifications, additions and substitutions and the like can be
`made without departing from the spirit of the invention and these are therefore considered to be
`within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
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`Apple Inc.
`Ex. 1023 - Page 8
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`Apple Inc.
`Ex. 1023 - Page 8
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`

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`Whatis claimedis:
`
`1. A methodof establishing a direct data transfer session between mobile devices that support a
`
`data packet-based communications service over a digital mobile network system, the method
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`5
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`comprising:
`
`openinga listening port on aninitiating mobile device to receive communications through
`
`the data packet-based communications service;
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`10
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`transmitting an invitation message containing the address and thelistening port of the
`
`initiating mobile device to a target mobile device through a page-mode messaging
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`service, wherein the target mobile device is located by providing to the page-mode
`
`messaging service a unique identification number that is used by the digital mobile
`
`network system to locate the target mobile device;
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`15
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`20
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`25
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`.
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`receiving a response from the target mobile device at the listening port on the initiating
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`wireless device through the data packet-based communications service; and
`
`establishing a virtual connection through the data packet-based communications service
`
`for the direct data transfer session betweentheinitiating mobile device and the target
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`mobile device.
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`2. The methodof claim 1 further comprising:
`
`opening a second listening port on the initiating mobile device to receive invitation
`messages through the page-mode messagingservice;
`
`receiving, at the secondlistening port and through the page-mode messaging service, a
`message from another mobile device inviting the initiating mobile device to establish a
`data transfer session, wherein such message contains the address andlistening port of
`
`the other mobile device; and
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`transmitting a response to the address andlisting port of the other mobile device through
`
`the data packet-based communications service, wherein the response acknowledges the
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`35
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`ability to establish a virtual reliable connection.
`
`3. The method of claim 1 wherein the data packet-based communications service is GPRS and
`the digital mobile network system is GSM.
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`40
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`4. The method of claim 1 wherein the initiating mobile device and the target mobile device
`
`include QWERTY keyboards.
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`Apple Inc.
`Ex. 1023 - Page 9
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`Apple Inc.
`Ex. 1023 - Page 9
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`

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`5. The methodof claim 1 wherein the addressoftheinitiating mobile device is an IP address and
`
`the listening port is a TCP port.
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`5
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`6. The methodof claim 1 wherein the page-mode messaging service is SMS.
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`7. The method of claim 1 wherein the page-mode messaging service is a PIN-to-PIN messaging
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`service.
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`8. The method of claim 1 wherein the unique identification numberis a telephone number.
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`9. The methodof claim 1 wherein the uniqueidentification numberis a PIN number.
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`10. The method of claim 1 wherein the virtual reliable connection is a TCP connection.
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`20
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`11. A mobile device enabled to establish a direct data transfer session with other mobile devices
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`in a digital mobile network system, the mobile device comprising:
`
`programming means to support a data packet-based communications service over the
`digital mobile network system;
`
`programming means to support a page-mode messaging service overthe digital mobile
`
`network system;
`
`
`
`25 programming means to openalistening port to receive communication through the data
`
`packet-based communications service;
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`30
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`35
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`40
`
`programming means to send aninvitation message containing the address and the
`listening port of the mobile device to a target mobile device through the page-mode
`messaging service, wherein the target mobile device is located by providing to the page-
`mode messaging service a unique identification numberthatis used by the digital mobile
`network system to locate the target mobile device;
`
`packet-based
`the data
`through
`response
`a
`receive
`to
`programming means
`communications service from the target mobile device at the listening port; and
`
`programming means to establish a virtual connection through the data packet-based
`communications service for data transfer between the mobile device and the target
`
`mobile device.
`
`12. The mobile device of claim 11 further comprising:
`
`programming means to open a secondlistening port to receive invitation messages
`
`through the page-mode messaging service;
`
`AppleInc.
`Ex. 1023 - Page 10
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`Apple Inc.
`Ex. 1023 - Page 10
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`

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`programming meansto receive, at the secondlistening port and through the page-mode
`
`messaging service, a message from another mobile device inviting the mobile device to
`establish direct data transfer session, wherein such message contains the address and
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`listening port of the other mobile device; and
`
`programming meansto transmit a response to the addressandlisting port of the other
`mobile device through the data packet-based communications service, wherein the
`response acknowledgesthe ability to establish a virtual reliable connection.
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`10
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`20
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`25
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`30
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`35
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`40
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`13. The mobile device of claim 11 wherein the data packet-based communications service is
`GPRSandthe digital mobile network system is GSM.
`
`14. The mobile device of claim 11 further comprising a QWERTY keyboard.
`15. The mobile device of claim 11 wherein the address of the mobile device is an IP address and
`the listening port is TCP port.
`
`16. The mobile device of claim 11 wherein the page-mode messaging service is SMS.
`
`17. The mobile device of claim 11 wherein the page-mode messaging service is a PIN-to-PIN
`messaging service.
`
`18. The mobile device of claim 11 wherein the unique identification number is a telephone
`number.
`
`_ 19. The mobile device of claim 11 wherein the uniqueidentification number is a PIN number.
`
`20. The mobile device of claim 11 wherein the virtua! connection is a TCP connection.
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`21. A computer program for establishing a direct data transfer session between mobile devices
`
`that support a data packet-based communications service over a digital mobile network system,
`
`the computer program comprising program code means for performing all the steps of claim 1
`
`when the program is run on a computer.
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`22. The computer program of claim 21 wherein the data packet-based communications serviceis
`
`GPRSandthe digital mobile network system is GSM.
`
`23. The computer program of claim 21 wherein theinitiating mobile device and the target mobile
`device include QWERTY keyboards.
`
`24. The computer program of claim 21 wherein the addressof the initiating mobile device is an
`
`IP address andthelistening port is a TCP port.
`
`AppleInc.
`Ex. 1023 - Page 11
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`Apple Inc.
`Ex. 1023 - Page 11
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`

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`25. The computer program of claim 21 wherein the page-mode messaging service is SMS.
`
`26. The computer program of claim 21 wherein the page-mode messaging service is a PIN-to-
`
`PIN messaging service.
`
`27. The computer program of claim 21 wherein the unique identification numberis a telephone
`number.
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`10
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`28. The computer program of claim 21 wherein the unique identification numberis a PIN number.
`
`29. The computer program of claim 21 wherein the virtual connection is a TCP connection.
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`10
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`AppleInc.
`Ex. 1023 - Page 12
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`Apple Inc.
`Ex. 1023 - Page 12
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`

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`Abstract
`
`including for multimedia content,
`A technique is provided for a direct data transfer session,
`between mobile devices without the need for using a separate multimedia server to store
`multimedia content. Direct data transfer sessions between mobile devices are established by
`transmitting necessary address information through page-based messaging servicesthatutilize
`the underlying digital mobile network databases and services to resolve the identification and
`location of the m