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`Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
`McGraw-Hill dictionary of chemistry / Sybil P, Parker, editor in
`chief.
`cm.
`p.
`ISBN 0-07-052428-9 (acid-free paper)
`1. Chemistry—Dictionaries.
`1]. Parker, Sybil P. I]. McGraw-Hill
`Book Company.
`QD5.M357
`1997
`540’.3—dc20
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`96-46184
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`McGraw-Hill
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`52
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`A Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies
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`All text in this dictionary was published previously in the McGRAW-HILL
`DICTIONARY OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL TERMS,Fifth Edition, copy-
`right © 1994 by McGraw-Hill,Inc. All rights reserved.
`McGRAW-HILL DICTIONARY OF CHEMISTRY, copyright © 1997 by The
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`ISBN 0-07-052428-9
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`
`fluorescein
`
`[CHEMISTRY] The stoichiometric composition limits (maximum and
`flammability limits
`minimum) of an ignited oxidizer-fuel mixture what will burn indefinitely at given
`conditions of temperature and pressure withoutfurtherignition. { flam-a’bil-ad-é
`‘lim: ats }
`[PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY] A method ofstudying fast photochemical re-
`flash photolysis
`actions in gas molecules; a powerful lampis discharged in microsecondflashes near
`a reaction vessel holding the gas, and the products formedby the flash are observed
`spectroscopically.
`{ ‘flash fa-tal-a-sas }
`flash point.
`[CHEMISTRY| The lowest temperature at which vaporsfrom a volatile liquid
`will ignite momentarily upon the application of a small flame under specified con-
`ditions; test conditions can be either open- or closed-cup. { ‘flash »point}
`flash spectroscopy
`(sPECTROscopy| The study of the electronic states of molecules
`after they absorb energy from an intense, brief light flash. { iflash spek'tras: ka: pé }
`flask
`[CHEMISTRY] A long-necked vessel, frequently of glass, used for holding liquids.
`{ flask }
`Fline
`|specTRoscopy| A green-blueline in the spectrum of hydrogen, at a wavelength
`of 486.133 nanometers. {
`'ef /lin }
`floc
`[CHEMISTRY] Small masses formed in a fluid through coagulation, agglomeration,
`or biochemical reaction of fine suspended particles. { flak }
`flocculant
`[CHEMISTRY] See flocculating agent. {
`'flak-ya-lant }
`flocculate
`|CHEMISTRY] To cause to aggregate or coalesce into a flocculent mass.
`{ ‘flak: yaslat (adjective) or ‘flak: yarlat (verb) }
`flocculating agent
`[CHEMISTRY] A reagent addedto a dispersion of solids in a liquid
`to bring together the fine particles to form flocs. Also known as flocculant.{ ’fldk:
`yalad-in /a-jant }
`flocculent
`[CHEMISTRY] Pertaining to a material that is cloudlike and noncrystalline.
`{
`'flak- ya-lant }
`floc point
`|ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY| The temperature at which wax or solids separate
`from kerosine and other illuminating oils as a definitefloc. { ‘flak »point }
`floc test
`[ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY] A quantitative test applied to kerosine and other
`illuminating oils to detect substances rendered insoluble by heat. { ‘flak /test }
`Flood’s equation§[PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY] A relation used to determine the liquidus
`temperature in a binary fused salt system. { ‘fladz i-kwa-zhan}
`flores
`[CHEMISTRY] A form of a chemical compound made by the process of subli-
`mation. { flor-éz }
`'flor-éz "mard-as }
`flores martis
`[INORGANIC CHEMISTRY] See ferric chloride, {
`flotation agent
`[CHEMISTRY] A chemical which alters the surface tension of water or
`which makesit froth easily. { fl6'ta-shan »a-jant}
`flow birefringence
`[PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY] Orientation of long, thin asymmetric mol-
`ecules in the direction of flow of a solution forced to flow through a capillary tube.
`( 1fl6 -bi-ra‘frin-jans}
`'flau-arz av ‘tin }
`flowers of tin
`[INORGANIC CHEMISTRY] See stannic oxide. {
`flow-programmed chromatography
`[ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY] A chromatographic pro-
`cedure in which the rate of flow of the mobile phase is periodically changed.
`{ ifla
`/prorgramd +kr6-mo’tag-ra-fé J
`fluoborate
`[INORGANIC CHEMISTRY] See fluoroborate. { /fli-a’borvat }
`fluometuron [ORGANIC CHEMISTRY| Cj)H,,;F;N,O Awhite, crystalline solid with a melt-
`ing point of 163-164.5°C; used as a herbicide for cotton and sugarcane. Also known
`as |,1-dimethyl-3-(a,a,@-trifluoro-meta-tolyl)urea. { ifli-6'me-cha -ran }
`fluoranthene
`{ORGANIC CHEMISTRY] CygH,) A tetracyclic hydrocarbon found in coal
`tar fractions and petroleum, forming needlelike crystals, boiling point 250°C, and
`soluble in organic solvents such as ether and benzene. { flu’ran/thén }
`fluorene
`[ORGANIC CHEMISTRY] C,,H,. A hydrocarbon chemical present in the middle
`oil fraction of coal tar; insoluble in water, soluble in ether and acetone, melting point
`116-117°C: used as the basis for a group of dyes. Also known as 2,3-benzindene;
`diphenylenemethane. { ’flu-rén }
`fluorescein
`[ORGANIC CHEMISTRY] CpH\,O5 A yellowish to red powder, melts and
`decomposesat 290°C,insoluble in water, benzene, and chloroform, soluble in glacial
`
`159
`
`