Shorter Oxford
`English Dictionary
`
`ON HISTORICAL PRINCIPLES
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`Sixth edition
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`VOLUME 1 · A-M
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`OXFORD
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`UNIVERSITY PRESS
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`OXFORD
`
`UNIVERSITY PRESS
`Great Clarendon Street, Oxford ox2 6DP
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`in the UK and in certain other countries
`Published in the United States
`by Oxford University Press Inc., New York
`© Oxford University Press 1973. 1993. 2002, 2007
`Database right Oxford Univ_ersity Press (makers)
`First edition 1933
`Second edition 1936
`Third edition 1944
`Reprinted with revi~ed etymologies and enlarged addenda 1973
`Fourth edition published 1993 as the Ne\1/_Shorter Oxford English Dictionary
`·
`Fifth edition 2002
`Sixth edition 2007
`All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
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`You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover
`and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer
`British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
`Data available
`Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
`Data available
`ISBN 978-0-19-920687-2
`ISBN 978-0-19-920688-9 (deluxe)
`ISBN 978-0-19-923324-3 (US)
`ISBN 978-0-19-923325-o (deluxe leatherbound)
`
`1 ,-
`
`10987654
`Typeset in OUP Swift, OUP Argo, and Capitolium
`by Interactive Sciences Ltd, Gloucester
`Printed in china on acid-free paper by C&C offset printing Co., Ltd
`
`VIZIO Ex. 1027 Page 00002
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`5 The womb. LME.
`SHAKES. L.L.L She's quick; the child brags in her belly already.
`t 6 The internal cavity of the body. Lt5--Mt7.
`R. BERNARD It made my hean cold in my belly.
`., ID Of things.
`7 The internal cavity or interior of anything, whether
`material or abstract. Ml 6.
`J. Pom• Shipsofl!urde.n. . having large andapadousBcllies.
`J. A. FROUOE A . • candle 1i¥bted in the belly ofa dark.de.id past.
`8 The bulging part of anything. e.g. of a pot or bottle, a
`vein of ore. etc.; a concave .ScWface; the front, inner, or
`lower surf.ice ofanything. L16.
`5-(Jtl.e:mingonthcbellyofapor. R.H. DANA To fall from
`ulofl;and becaughtin th~bo,Jly ofa'sail. G. JONES Put the belly of
`youth.md.hon, on my heart and swear it.
`9 SJ/«- •a The surface of a violin etc. across which the
`stnngs pnss. Ll6, •b Toe thicker part of a m11$ClC. E1 7.
`•c The soundboard of a piano. Ml 9 . •d The under part of
`the fuselage of an aircraft. E20.
`- ca,.sa bellyache noun & mil (4] uoon pain or discomfort in tho
`abdomm. colic: ll®g • querulous.complaint: {b ) fflbillrnw. {~l
`complain whiningly. grumbl•; bellyband a band around •
`hon<e'< belly for holding carriage >hafts •tc. in place: l!Qng a wide
`belt or COl'$<t; belly button Clllloq. the navel: belly· dance •
`Ml<ldle E.u1om solo dance by• woman, inV1>lving th• rippling of
`hu abdominal muscles; belly d ncer a womm who pc.norms
`belly danm; bellyflop noun & mt> (cdlaq.l {m.>ke) a dh·e Lindlng
`Oat on the belly: belly-god (ardl. cxc Jon,aialnl a glunon: belly
`landing the cras.h-landlng ofan >iittaft on its bclly without t:h,
`tl!e or lht underc:irriage: be.Hy !.ugh Q)iloq. a deep UIU't'Stl'olined
`bugh: belly-timber (o/lsol!tf cxc. d'iol.) food. provisions; belly-up
`odiflb &-ad~ in or into a pomlon wirh tho belly upp<'rtn~t.
`esp. {ofa fish Jin or into such a poslrionas-a result of death: (jg, (of
`bum,~. proJocu. en,.) In or into• mite ofbonkrupccy; belly(cid:173)
`wool: see sense 3b above.
`beJly r btl' .erb. m .
`(oRIGIN from the noun.]
`1 ..rb trons. &,introns. (Cause to) swell out (usu. of sails). El 7.
`t2 verb intrans. Become corpulent. Mt7-L18.
`bellyful /'behful, -lt~)V noun. M16.
`(OIUGIN from BELLY nouft+ ·FUL- )
`As muth as the belly will bold; a sufficiency of food; slang
`as much as or more than one wants of anything.
`SMOLLETT I nevt,con,;e, :had my belly-full, l'l(!'fl of dry bread.
`S. BecKmWll1~1uti>pwhining! I've hadoboutmybellyful of
`your lamentations.
`
`0. H. 1.AWIIENCE He belonged (to thcchoitjjuscbecause:hellacta
`=rvolce. and enjoyed singing, M. t,-l(CAs!n<Y,lt was.the
`Moscow nials that m¢c him know •• thar he did not:Wllly
`'belong'.
`belonging /b1'loq1q/ noun. El 7.
`; pl. perh. from pres. pple, = 'things
`(0RlCilfll rrorri BELONG + -ING 1
`l>elooging'.J
`., I In pl. (sing. rare).
`1 Circumstances or relations connected with a person or
`thing. arch. E17.
`BROWNING All my belongings, what is summed in life, I have
`submitted wholly • . to your rule.
`2 Possessions, goods, effects. El 9.
`W. S. CHURCHILL It struck me as rather grim to see the Lnrimate
`belonging, of one's comrade oflho.dnybefore . . thus uncere(cid:173)
`monlou.sly disnibured among sinngers.
`3 One's family or relatives. colloq. Ml 9.
`DICKENS I have been trouble enough to my belongings in my
`day.
`., n 4 The fact of appertaining or being a part; relation·
`ship; esp. an individual's membership of, and acceptance
`by, a group or society. Ll 9.
`W. PLO MER He had little sense ofbelonging.
`• belongingness noun j(a) the state of having prc,perties appro(cid:173)
`priate to something; (b) the state or condition of belonging: •n 1.
`belord /b1'b:d/ verb trans. L16.
`[ORIGIN from BE-3 + LORD noun.]
`Call 'lord', address as 'lord',
`Belorussian /belau'rAJ(o)n/ adjective & noun. Also Byelo(cid:173)
`lbjdau-/. M2D,
`!ORIGIN from.&lm'w,;a {see below) from RI.Jsslan B<loros<iya. from
`bdftwhite + Rossi)•a ~ussla. + ·AH.]
`., A odjecrive. Ofor perliliningto Belon.i.:;sia (now Bel.lrus). a
`country in easrcrn Europe. its people, or their Slavonic
`language: llelarusian. Formerly also called WHITE
`RUSSIAN. M20.
`., B noun. A native or inhabitant of Belarus; their language.
`M20.
`belote /bo'lot/ noun'. Also belotte. M20.
`!ORIGIN kenth, perh, from f. Btlor • • Frenchman sald IO have
`aew1opod th<, game.)
`A cru:d game UJ,:e pinochle. played with a 32-card pack,
`popular in France: the combination of king and queen of
`trumps in this game.
`belove /b,'l, v/ verb. ME.
`loR1G1Nfrom !lf-1+ LOVE"'1b.J
`tbelock verb trans. rare (Shakes.). Only in ,11.
`t1 verb fntrons. Please, be pleasing. Only in ME.
`2 verb trons. Love. Now only in poss. (foll. byby, of). LME.
`[ORIGIN from BE-1 + LOCK verb 1
`Lock firmly. clasp.
`SHAKES. Mids. N D .. I am belov·ct of beauteous Hermia. BYRON I
`loved, and was beloved again. G. 8. SHAW The master beloved by
`belomancy /'bd;iomnnsi/ noun. Ml 1 ,
`masters, Mozan.
`(ORJGJN Iron, Crttkbt!m da rt+ ·MANcv.]
`Oimacion by me.-ins of arrows.
`beloved /b1'I, v1d, less usu, -·1, vd/ pp/ adjective & noun. LME.
`belong /bt'lo~/ verb intrans. ME.
`[ORIGIN from BELOVE+-E01
`., A pp/ adjective. Dearly loved. LME.
`[ORIGIN Prob. intensive of LONG verbz: see BE-1.}
`., I Foll. by to, tunto.
`SHAKES. Lear Sorrow would be a rarity most beloved If all could
`1 Be rightly assigned or appropriate to as an adjunct,
`so become it. Lo.MAc.AuLA.V Impatfentto ~ onc.e, more in his
`beloved country.
`function, duty, etc. ME.
`., B noun, A beloved person. a sweethean. LME.
`AV!Jan. 9:9Tothe lordoutGodbclorigmc,rcies. GEO. EuOTHe
`.. works with all the zest thor belo~ro fresh ideas.
`below ib1 'loo/ adverb & preposition. LME.
`2 Pertain or relate to. arch. ME.
`)ORIGIN from!>< I!'/ pn,posilion LOWadjwi,e.)
`., A adverb. 1 gen. At or 10 a lower positlon relative to
`AV, Cor. 7:22 He that is unmarried careth for the things that
`anothc.i;; lower down. LME. •b Lower down a slope or the
`belong to the Lord.
`course of a river, downstream. Ml 7. •c Lower on a sheet
`3 Be the property or rightful possession of. LME. •b Be a
`or page; at the foot of the page; later in a book or article.
`property or an attribute of. Ml 7.
`L17.
`M. McCARTHY Around one tan wrist was a gold bracelet that had
`Gol.llSMm< The child .. leaped from her arms into ~.flood
`belooged to her grandmathct b J. LocKE This way of containing
`bclow. l fN NYSDN From below Sweet gales, as from deep
`~thing:, can by no means 1>eklng to Goci
`gardens, blow. K. AMIS The slamming of the car doors below
`made them both jump.
`4 Be connected with as a member, part, inhabitant, ·
`2 a Under heaven; on earth (often preceded by here). arch.
`dependency, etc. LME.
`or poet. Ll6. >b Under the earth; rhet. in hell Et7.
`AoolSONThcgrnt Yardth.11 belongs romyFriend'1Caunay(cid:173)
`Ro!M, Q, 5l]ww. lls !lar-spre.1d dome bel"ll&" 10 an exct<d·
`a IC!An F"mrr.spitits cannortne~ below ln hum.m dimes.
`inglypnm!tlvt! iype,L HruMN• I bclo~. on my molhers
`b Sll.<• ES. 'lbnp.l:llghtkrpl'clwn'd below.-SouTHEYT!uuicnds
`~ toll banJani norekeeping liunilylrom Alabama.. J•N
`below were n.aging his kilelL
`Mows Evcl}'undcrgr.,dua~ fin Oxfotdj·belongsto a collcg<!.
`3 On or to a lower floor; downstairs; esp. (NAUTICAL) below
`., n absol. & with other constructions.
`deck. us.
`5 Be right or appropriate to do, be. Usu. impers. in (it)
`SIWIU,M,,.,,,\'I. There's one Master BIOOkbelowwould f.iin
`belongs etc. arch. Ml 7.
`'JJ>e'lkwlthyo1LR. H. DANAltbeingtherurnofourwa.rchtogo
`KEATS Here • . it doth not well belong To speak. C. CAUSLEY And a
`below.
`4 rg. In or to a lower rank, position, station, etc. El 1.
`Comish man with a Cornish maid is how it belongs to be.
`6 (With other prepositions and with adverbs.) Be related
`D. M. WALKER The result of an appeal may be to affirm, modify,
`or connected; be narurally or rightly placed; be classi(cid:173)
`or reverse the decision of the court below.
`fied. Orig, US. El 9.
`5 Lower than the zero ofa temperature scale. Lt8.
`W. WHITMAN He was not a closet man, belonged out-of-doors.
`P. THEROUX This is the worst winter I've ever seen Ten below in
`P. G. WODEHOUSE I looked as ifl belonged in Whipsnade. J. AGEE
`·
`Chicago.
`He.bad.Ton their contempt~nd could belons among them
`i!he ~led to. J. HELLER A woman beloµgs .,.,;th~ b_u.s_bmd
`., B preposition. 1 gen. Lower in position than, at less eleva(cid:173)
`tion than. U6. •b Lower down a slope than; downstream
`always.
`from; further south than. El7. •c Lower down a page
`7 absol. Be a member; fit a specified environment, not be
`than; later in a work than. Ml 8.
`out of place. E20.
`a cat, a: arm, E bed, a: her. 1 sit, i cosy, i: see, o hot. ::i: saw, A run, u put, u: too. a ago, Al my, au how, er day. ~u no, £: hair, ra near, ::ir boy, ua poor, Ar.1 tire, au.1 sour
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`B
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`belly I belt
`SIR W. Seen He never counted him a man Would strike below
`the knee, T. S. ELIOT At dawn we came down to a temperate
`<r.rllcy. Wc below lh• snowline. b 5>w<ES. ~for ~L Merl me
`attheconseaatoo roun1.A lciljlUC below-the cil)'. Pullluhtrs
`11w.,1y1n thf!~rSoutb. th.e coUI1aybelow
`Naples.
`2 Directly beneath; covered by, underneath; deeper than.
`E17 •
`T!NNVSON Some dolo= moss;,ge lml~belowThc wild pills•·
`lion ofhM "'ings, lo Knw,1he n«:euily{otruidy below tlut
`sum~.s«m5 ro b~ve bttn e a r l i e s t ~ anatomy,
`A. S, J. TESSI MONO The still green light below tall trees.
`3 Lower in rank, position, etc., than. Et7. >b Lower in
`some quality than; inferior to. El8. >c Lower in amount,
`value. weigll.r. temperanue, etc .. than. El a.
`Sttru H• .. giveslusorder., . . to.theScmints·bclow him.
`j. HEU.ER In manyingyour falher. I tna.rried vey fat below my
`.station. b LO MACAULAY How f.trmy performance is belowexccl(cid:173)
`lenc:e.
`4 Unworthy of, unbefitting to, lowering to (more freq.
`expressed by beneath). Ml 7 .
`STEELE It was below a Gentlewoman to wrangle. R. A. PROCTOR
`Too far below contempt to be worth castigating.
`o,u ,.,.,,,,
`- PHRASES (of adverb & preposition): below dedt{s):-
`2. belr,w ground: see GROUND noun. below one's breath: -,.,.,
`tuu:.~.rH noun. below par:. sec PAR noun1• below ,stolrs:. see STAI.A
`tee BELT IIOUn. be/r,w the gongway: see CANCWAY
`below rhe be/
`JI>. below lh<,rel: warning to beware of• f.illing oojea. below
`tbe sotr:""' 5ALT noon'. from below fiom • loWM place. watch
`below: see WATCH noun.
`Bel Paese /bel po:'eizi,foreign bel pa 'e:ze/ noun phr. E2o.
`[ORIGIN Italian. lit. 'beautiful cou ntry".)
`(Proprie[.!1}' name for) a rich, white, creamy cheese of
`mild 11.avourorig. made inJtaly.
`Belshazzar noun see BALTHAZAR
`tbelswagger noun. u1r-ua.
`[OR1C1N Pert,. acontr. of ~agger 'one who swags his belly': see
`SWAG ,-.rlJ, -EA',]
`A swaggering bully; a pimp .
`belt /belt/ noun.
`[ORIGIN Old Ellgllsh "'"· com,sp. ro Old High Cerman balz. Old
`Norse brltl (Swedish b4!l<, Danish i.-.lr,), from Ccrmanlc from Latin
`lx!!t<llf_glrdle. ofEtrumrn origin.. In branch II from !he verb.]
`., I 1 A flat encircling strip of cloth, leather, etc., worn
`around the waist or from the shoulder to the opposite
`hip to supporr clothes. weapons. et,;., or as a decorntive
`accessory. OE. •b sptc. Such a belt worn as a mark of rank
`or distinction by an earl, knight. boxing champion. eci;.
`I.ME. •c spec. Sucb a belt used to support the figure; a sus(cid:173)
`pender belr. a corsec. Lt9. •d (W. specifying colour.) Such
`a beJi: indicating by its colow- the wearer'$ level of profi(cid:173)
`ciency in judo or karare: a per.;on entitled to wear this.
`E20.
`c..Boimu. Toe sword •• hung from a bcltwq,asse<IOV1ertbc
`shoulder. A. Poww.H• won,a !00$Clymodccamer'S-lwrover•
`coat. lhe unfastened belt of which lr.llled behind him.
`J, SnlNSK K Hls i= Wf!J'C held up bya widclw-nen-leather
`belt wlrh a·big sq= brass buckle.Jig.: SH.uts. /dJl<b. l:!'e cumot
`budc.le bisdi,<temper'd c;iuse Within the beltof ruk
`b1HAQ1f!l,wThey li;;htcach olhe.r fouli1'cbamp!on's bclrarul
`two l!uodml poWlds a side. c R. ln!MANN £-tty wea,s .• just her
`belt and knickers,
`chastity belt, suspender belt. etc. d black belt, red belt, white
`belt.etc,
`2 A broad strip or stripe of any kind, or a continuous
`series of objects. encircling something. Mt7.
`SOUTHEY A level belt of ice which bound .• The waters of the
`deepingOcemround, R,,W. EMEASO" Abeltofrrtimmmund a
`taper's fl:nnec P. Mo<>R£ Througlu.small !clescopeJupirer
`shows ;s llyellowisb. flartcnccl disk, c:ras~ by the SUW<S
`which we term belts.
`3 A broad flexible strap. Ll7. •b A flexible strip for
`feeding a machine gun ,Vitnammunition. Lt9.
`CD(lveyorbelt,sof~ty belt. seat belt, etc.
`4 An endless strap passing a.round wheels. rollers, etc.,
`for communicating motion or for conveying articles or
`material. Ll 8.
`The belt bore the peas stead.ily.alongu, the
`C. S. Fo=
`further drum. Reader's VlgtStAutomobD..-skaving tbe belt as
`finished products,
`5 A broad band or stripe crossing a surface (esp. that of
`the earth) from which it is differentiated in some way; a
`zone or region of distinct character or occupancy. El 9.
`A. 8. HART Illinois is divided into a wheat belt, a corn belt, and
`the city of Chicago. TDU<IEN Abeltoftall,W vciy:mdenLoak>,
`U. LE Gu1N The Green Mounwo,;when, it rainedvptofor;y
`inches a year. the rain belt.
`BIBLE Belt. green belt: see GREEN adjective.
`..11 6 Toe wool sheared from the hindquarters of a
`sheep. Now rare or obsolete. Ml 7.
`7 A beavy blow or stroke. L19.
`- PHUSU: beJt and bra<es pg. a policy of twOfold security. hit
`below the belt: see HITffib.SAM BROWNE belt tighten one's belt
`fig. (a) bear hunger philosophically; (b) introduce economies.
`under one's belt (a) (of food) eaten or otherwise absorbed;
`{b) securely acquired. VAN ALLEN BELT.
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