`
`Adrian Williams
`
`Research Dean for Health and
`Professor of Pharmaceutics
`
`February 2018
`
`0001
`
`Mylan Tech
`
`Noven Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
`EX2002
`., Inc. v. Noven Pharma., Inc.
`IPR2018-001 74
`
`
`
`Personal Details
`
`Name:
`
`Adrian Christopher Williams
`
`Present appointment:
`
`Professor of Pharmaceutics and
`Research Dean for Health
`University of Reading
`
`Date of birth:
`
`30th November 1963
`
`Qualifications:
`
`2013: FAPS; Fellow of the UK Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences.
`
`2007: FHEA; Fellow of The Higher Education Academy(23322).
`
`1992: C.Chem. F.R.S.C. - Chartered Chemist, Fellow of the Royal Society of
`Chemistry.
`
`1990: Ph.D. in Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Bradford. "Terpenes and
`Urea Analogues as Penetration Enhancers for Human Skin"
`
`1987: B.Sc. (Honours) in Combined Sciences, Biology and Chemistry, (C.N.A.A.).
`
`Previous appointments:
`
`2011 to 2015: Head, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of
`Reading
`
`2008 to 2011: Head, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading.
`
`2004 to 2008: Professor of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of
`Reading.
`
`2002 to 2004: Professor of Biophysical Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy,
`University of Bradford.
`
`1999 to 2002: Reader in Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy,
`University of Bradford.
`
`1997 to 1999: Senior Lecturer in Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy,
`University of Bradford.
`
`1995 to 1997: Lecturer B in the Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School
`of Pharmacy, University of Bradford.
`
`1990 to 1995: Lecturer A in the Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School
`of Pharmacy, University of Bradford.
`
`0002
`
`
`
`Research and scholarship
`
`Research outputs
`
`ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3654-7916;
`h-index: 52; 110-index 98; 11,064 total citations. (Google Scholar)
`
`Refereed research papers published in journals;
`
`Bold indicates principal author
`
`|.,
`i Mansfield, E.D.H., Pandya, Y., Mun, E.A., Rogers, S.E., Abutbul-lonita,
`Danino, D., Williams, A.C.
`and Khutoryanskiy, V.V.
`“Structure
`and
`characterisation of hydroxyethylcellulose-decorated silica nanoparticles”. RSC
`Advances, DOI: 10.1039/c7ra08716k
`
`Kademoglou. K., Williams, A.C. and Collins, C.D. “Bioaccessibility of PBDEs
`present in indoor dust: A novel dialysis membrane method with a Tenax TA®
`absorption sink”. Science of the Total Environment (STOTEN). 2018, 621: 1-8.
`DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.097
`
`. Lenn, J., Neil, J., Donahue, C., Demock, K., Tibbetts, C.V., Cote-Sierra, J.,
`Smith, S.H., Rubenstein, D., Therrien, J.-P., Pendergrast, S., Killough, J., Brown,
`M.B., and Williams, A.C. “RNA aptamerdelivery through intact human skin”, J.
`Invest. Dermatol., 2018, 138, 282-290. DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.851.
`
`Kabova, E.A., Cole, J.C., Korb, O., Williams, A.C. and Shankland, K. “Improved
`crystal
`structure
`solution from powder diffraction data
`by the use of
`conformational
`information”.
`J. Appl. Cryst., 2017, 50:
`1421-1427.
`DOI:
`10.1107/S1600576717012596
`
`. Kabova, E.A., Cole, J.C., Korb, O., Lopez-lbanez, M., Williams, A.C. and
`Shankland, K. “Improved performance of crystal structure solution from powder
`diffraction data through parameter tuning of a simulated annealing algorithm’. J.
`Appl. Cryst., 2017, 50: 1411-1420. DOI: 10.1107/S1600576717012602
`
`Arezki, N.R., Williams, A.C., Cobb, A.J.A. and Brown, M.B. “Design, synthesis
`and characterisation of linear unnatural amino acids for skin moisturisation.”Int.
`J. Cosmet. Sci., 2016, 39: 72-82. DOI: 10.1111/ics.12351
`
`. Mun, E.A., Williams, A.C. and Khutoryanskiy, V.V., “Adhesion of thiolated silica
`nanoparticles to urinary bladder mucosa: Effects of PEGylation,
`thiol content
`and
`particle
`size”,
`Int.
`J.
`Pharm,
`2016,
`512:
`32-38.
`DOI:
`10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.08.026
`
`Mansfield, E.D.H, de la Rosa, V.R., Kowalczyk, R.M., Grillo, 1, Hoogenboom, R.,
`Sillence, K., Hole, P., Williams, A.C. and Khutoryanskiy, V.V., “Side chain
`variations radically alter the diffusion of poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline)s functionalised
`nanoparticles through a mucosal barrier”. Biomaterials Science, 2016, 4, 1318-
`1327. DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00375c.
`
`. Spillman, M.J., Shankland, K., Williams, A.C. and Cole, J.C. “CDASH: a cloud-
`enabled program for structure solution from powder diffraction data”. J. Appl.
`Cryst., 2015, 48, 2033-2039. DOI: 10.1107/S160057671502049Xx.
`
`0003
`
`
`
`10. Mansfield, E.D.H, Sillence, K., Hole, P., Williams, A.C. and Khutoryanskiy, V.V.,
`“POZylation: a new approach to enhance nanoparticle diffusion through mucosal
`barriers”. Nanoscale, 2015, 7, 13671-13679. DOI: 10.1039/C5NR03178H
`
`11.Ng, K.W., Lau, W.M. and Williams, A.C., “Towards pain-free diagnosis of skin
`diseases through multiplexed microneedles: biomarker extraction and detection
`using a highly sensitive blotting method”. Drug Delivery and Translational
`Research, 2015, 5, 387-396. DOI: 10.1007/s13346-015-0231-5
`
`“Thermodynamic and
`12.Bizley, S.C., Williams, A.C. and Khutoryanskiy, V.V.
`kinetic properties of interpolymer complexes assessed by isothermal
`titration
`calorimetry and surface plasmon resonance”. Soft Matter, 2014, 10, 8254-8260.
`DOI: 10.1039/c4sm01 138d
`
`13.Mun, E.A., Morrison, P.W.J., Williams, A.C. and Khutoryanskiy, V.V., “On the
`barrier properties of the cornea: a microscopy study of the penetration of
`fluorescently-labelled nanoparticles, polymers and sodium fluorescein”, Mol.
`Pharm., 2014, 11 (10), 3556-3564. DOI: 10.1021/mp500332m
`
`and
`14.Mun, E.A., Hannell, C., Rogers, S.E., Hole, P., Williams, A.C.
`Khutoryanskiy, V.V. “On the role of specific interactions in the diffusion of
`nanoparticles in aqueous polymer solutions’, Langmuir, 2014, 30, 308-317.
`DOI: 10.1021/1a4029035
`
`15.Aravindan, L, Bicknell, K.A., Brooks, G., Khutoryanskiy, V.V. and Williams AC.,
`“A comparison of
`thiolated and disulphide-crosslinked polyethylenimine for
`nonviral gene delivery’, Macromol. Biosci., 2013, 13,
`1163-1173. DOI:
`10.1002/mabi.201300103
`
`16.Majumder, M., Buckton, G., Rawlinson-Malone, C., Williams, A.C., Spillman,
`M.J., Pidock, E., Shankland, K. «Application of hydrogen-bond propensity
`calculations to an indomethacin-nicotinamide (1:1) co-crystal”. Cryst. Eng.
`Comm., 2013, 15, 4041-4044. DOI: 10.1039/c3ce40367}
`
`17.Williams A.C., “Brian Barry; Innovative Contributions to Transdermal and Topical
`Drug Delivery”.
`In Special Issue “Developments in Skin Delivery: To Scheuplein
`and Beyond”, Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, 2013, 26, 234-242. DOI:
`10.1159/000351946.
`
`|.S., Hooper, C.l., Greco, F., Williams, A.C., Boateng, S.Y. “Increasing
`18.Arif,
`doxorubicin activity against breast cancer cells using PPARy-ligands and by
`exploiting circadian rhythms”, British Journal of Pharmacology, 2013, 169, 1178-
`1188. DOI: 10.1111/bhp.12202.
`
`19.Niemczyk, A.l., Williams, A.C., Rawlinson, C.F., Hayes, W., Greenland, B.W.,
`Chappell, D., Khutoryanskaya, O.
`“Novel polyvinylpyrrolidones to improve
`delivery of poorly-water soluble drugs; from design to synthesis and evaluation’,
`Mol. Pharm., 2012, 9, 2237-2247. DOI: 10.1021/mp300079x.
`
`|.A., Williams, A.C., Khutoryanskiy,
`20.Sogias,
`mucoadhesive tablets for oral delivery of ibuprofen”.
`602-610. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.07.007
`
`“Chitosan-based
`V.V.
`Int. J. Pharm., 2012, 436,
`
`0004
`
`
`
`“Optimizing layer-
`21.Bizley, S.C., Williams, A.C., Kemp, F., Khutoryanskiy, V.V.
`by-layer deposition of interpolymer complexes on solid substrates using Biacore”.
`Soft Matter, 2012, 8, 6782-6787. DOI: 10.1039/C2SM25652E
`
`22.Rizi, K., Green, R.J., Donaldson, M. Williams, A.C., “Using pH abnormalities in
`diseasedskin to trigger and target topical therapy”, Pharm. Res., 2011, 28, 2589-
`2598. DOI: 10.1007/s11095-01 1-0488-4
`
`23.Majumder, M., Buckton, G., Rawlinson-Malone, C., Williams, A.C., Spillman,
`M.J., Shankland, N, Shankland, K.
`“A carbamazepine-indomethacin (1:1)
`cocrystal produced by milling’, Cryst. Eng. Comm., Nov. 2011, 13,6327-6328.
`DOI: 10.1039/c1ce05650f
`
`24.Rizi, K., Green, R.J., Khutoryanskaya, O., Donaldson, M. Williams, A.C.,
`“Mechanisms of burst
`release from polymeric microparticles’,
`J. Pharm.
`Pharmacol., 2011; 63, 1141-1155. DOI: 10.1111/).2042-7158.2011.01322.x
`
`25.Rizi, K., Green, R.J., Donaldson, M. Williams, A.C., “Production of pH-
`responsive microparticles
`by spray drying:
`Investigation of experimental
`parameter effects on morphological and release properties’, J. Pharm. Sci.,
`2011, 100, 566-579. DOI: 10.1002/jps.22291
`
`26.Ali, W., Williams, A.C., and Rawlinson, C.F., “Stochiometrically governed
`molecular interactions in drug:Poloxamer solid dispersions”, Int. J. Pharm., 2010,
`391, 162-168. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.03.014
`
`|.A., Khutoryanskiy, V.V. and Williams, A.C., “Exploring the factors
`27.Sogias,
`affecting the solubility of chitosan in water’, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 2010, 211,
`426-433. DOI: 10.1002/macp.200900385
`
`28.Aravindan, L, Bicknell, K.A., Brooks, G., Khutoryanskiy, V.V. and Williams AC.,
`“Effect of
`acyl
`chain
`length on transfection efficiency and toxicity of
`polyethylenimine”,
`Int.
`J.
`Pharm.,
`2009,
`378,
`201-210.
`DOI:
`10.1016/j.ijoharm.2009.05.052
`
`“Why is chitosan
`|.A., Williams, A.C. and Khutoryanskiy, V.V.,
`29.Sogias,
`mucosadhesive?”, Biomacromolecules, 2008, 9 (7), 1837-1842.
`
`30.Khutoryanskaya, O.V., Williams, A.C. and Khutoryanskiy, V.V., “pH-Mediated
`interactions between poly(acrylic acid) and methylcellulose in the formation of
`ultrathin multilayered hydrogels and spherical nanoparticles”, Macromolecules,
`2007, 40 (21), 7707-7713.
`
`|., “Polymer-
`31.Rawlinson, C.F., Williams, A.C., Timmins, P.T. and Grimsey,
`mediated disruption of drug crystallinity”, Int. J. Pharm., 2007, 336, 42-48.
`
`32. DeMatos,L.L., Williams, A.C., Booth, S.W., Petts C.R. and Blagden, N. Solvent
`influences on metastable polymorph lifetimes: Real-time interconversions using
`energy dispersive X-ray diffractometry”, J. Pharm. Sci., 2007, 96, 1069-1078.
`
`33.E!l Maghraby, G.M.M., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W. “Can drug-bearing
`liposomes penetrateintact skin?” J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 2006, 58, 415-429.
`
`0005
`
`
`
`|.A., Bonner M.C., Bowen, R.D. and Williams A.C., “Permeation of
`34.Tekko,
`bioactive constituents from Arnica montana preparations through human skin in
`vitro.” J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 2006, 58, 1167-1176.
`
`|.A., Bonner M.C. and Williams A.C., “An optimised reverse-phase high
`35. Tekko,
`performance liquid
`chromatographic method for evaluating percutaneous
`absorption of glucosamine hydrochloride”, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 2006, 41,
`385-392.
`
`36.Williams, A.C., Edwards, H.G.M., Lawson, E.E. and Barry, B.W., “Molecular
`interactions between the penetration enhancer 1,8-cineole and human skin”., J.
`Raman Spectrosc., 2006, 37, 361-366.
`
`37.El Maghraby, G.M.M., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “Drug interaction and
`location in liposomes: correlation with polar surface area”, Int. J. Pharm. 2005,
`292, 179-185.
`
`38.Lu, M., Williams, A.C., Timmins, P and Forbes, R.T., “Disorder and dissolution
`enhancement: deposition of ibuprofen onto insoluble carriers”, Eur. J. Pharm.
`Sci., 2005, 26, 288-294.
`
`39.Ahmed, A, Barry, B.W., Williams, A.C. and Davis, A.F., “Penciclovir solubility in
`Eudragit films; a comparison of X-ray,
`thermal, microscopic and release rate
`techniques”, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 2004, 34, 945-956.
`
`40.Williams, A.C., Cooper, V.B., Thomas,L., Griffith, L.J., Petts, C.R. and Booth,
`S.W., “Evaluation of drug physical
`form during granulation,
`tabletting and
`storage”, Int. J. Pharm., 2004, 275, 29-39.
`
`41.El Maghraby, G.M.M., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “Interactions of
`surfactants (edge activators) and skin penetration enhancers with liposomes”, Int.
`J. Pharm. 2004, 276, 143-161.
`
`42.O0’Brien, L.E., Timmins, P, Williams, A.C. and York, P., “Use of in situ FT-Raman
`spectroscopy to study the kinetics of
`the transformation of carbamazepine
`polymorphs”, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 2004, 36, 335-340.
`
`43.Sznitowska, M., Janicki, S., Williams, A., Lau, S. and Stolyhwo A., “pH-induced
`modifications to stratum corneum lipids investigated using thermal, spectroscopic
`and chromatographic techniques”, J. Pharm. Sci., 2003, 92, 173-179.
`
`44.Caspers, P.J., Williams, A.C., Carter, E.A., Edwards, H.G.M., Barry, B.W.,
`Bruining, H.A. and Pupples, G.J., “Monitoring the penetration enhancer dimethyl
`sulfoxide in human stratum corneum in vivo by confocal Raman spectroscopy”,
`Pharm. Res., 2002, 19, 1577-1580.
`
`|.M. and Booth, S.W.,
`45.Campbell Roberts, S.N.C., Williams, A.C., Grimsey,
`“Quantitative analysis of mannitol polymorphs.
`|. FT-Raman spectroscopy”, J.
`Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 2002, 28, 1135-1147.
`
`I|.M. and Booth, S.W.,
`46.Campbell Roberts, S.N.C., Williams, A.C., Grimsey,
`“Quantitative analysis of mannitol polymorphs.II. X-ray powder diffractometry —
`
`0006
`
`
`
`exploring preferred orientation effects”, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 2002, 28, 1149-
`1159
`
`47.El Maghraby, G.M.M., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “Skin hydration and
`possible shunt route penetration in controlled estradiol delivery from deformable
`and standard liposomes”, J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 2001, 53, 1311-1322.
`
`48.Mackay, K.M.B., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “Effect of melting point of chiral
`terpenes on human stratum corneum uptake”, Int. J. Pharm., 2001, 228, 89-97.
`
`49.El Maghraby, G.M.M., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “Skin delivery of 5-
`fluorouracil from ultradeformable and standard liposomes in vitro”, J. Pharm.
`Pharmacol, 2001, 53, 1069-1077.
`
`50.Stott, P.W., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “Mechanistic study into the
`enhanced transdermal permeation of a model f-blocker, propranolol, by fatty
`acids: a melting point depression effect”, Int. J. Pharm., 2001, 219, 161-176.
`
`51.El Maghraby, G.M.M., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “Oestradiol skin delivery
`from ultradeformable liposomes: refinement of surfactant concentration’, Int. J.
`Pharm, 2000, 196, 63-74.
`
`52.El Maghraby, G.M.M., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “Skin delivery of
`oestradiol from lipid vesicles: Importance of liposome structure”, Int. J. Pharm.
`2000, 204, 159-169.
`
`53.Quinn, E.A., Forbes, R.T., Williams, A.C., Oliver, M.J., McKenzie, L. and
`Purewal, T.S.,
`“Protein conformational
`stability
`in
`the hydrofluoroalkane
`propellants
`tetrafluoroethane and heptafluoropropane analysed by Fourier
`transform Raman spectroscopy”, Int. J. Pharm., 1999, 186, 31-41.
`
`“Solubility
`54.Greenhalgh, D.J., Williams, A.C., Timmins, P. and York, P.,
`parameters as predictors of miscibility in solid dispersions”, J. Pharm. Sci., 1999,
`88, 1182-1190.
`
`55.El Maghraby, G.M.M., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “Skin delivery of
`oestradiol from deformable and traditional liposomes: mechanistic studies’, J.
`Pharm. Pharmacol., 1999, 51, 1123-1134.
`
`56.Lawson, E.E., Edwards, H.G.M., Barry, B.W. and Williams, A.C., “Interaction of
`salicylic acid with verrucae assessed by FT-Raman spectroscopy”, J. Drug
`Targetting, 1998, 5, 343-351.
`
`57.Stott, P.W., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “Transdermal delivery from eutectic
`systems; enhanced permeation of a model drug,
`ibuprofen”, J. Control. Rel.,
`1998, 50, 297-308.
`
`58.Williams, A.C., Shatri, S.R.S. and Barry, B.W., “Transdermal permeation
`modulation by cyclodextrins: a mechanistic study”, Pharm. Dev. Tech., 1998, 3,
`283-296.
`
`0007
`
`
`
`59.Lawson, E.E., Anigbogu, A.N.C., Williams, A.C., Barry, B.W., and Edwards,
`H.G.M., “Thermally induced molecular disorder in human stratum corneum lipids
`compared with
`a model phospholipid system; FT-Raman spectroscopy”,
`Spectrochim. Acta, 1998, 54A, 543-558.
`
`60. Taylor, L.S., Williams, A.C. and York P., “Particle size dependent molecular re-
`arrangements during the dehydration of trehalose dihydrate - in situ FT-Raman
`spectroscopy”, Pharm. Res., 1998, 15, 1207-1214.
`
`scanning
`“Differential
`and Williams A.C.,
`61.Al-Saidan, S.M., Barry, B.W.
`calorimetry of human and animal stratum corneum membranes’, Int. J. Pharm.,
`1998, 168, 17-22.
`
`62.Moghimi, H.R., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “Enhancementby terpenes of 5-
`fluorouracil permeation through the stratum corneum: Model solvent approach.”
`J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 1998, 50, 955-964.
`
`intercellular
`63.Sznitowska, M., Janicki, S. and Williams, A.C. “Intracellular or
`localization of the polar pathway of penetration across stratum corneum’, J.
`Pharm. Sci., 1998, 87, 1109-1114.
`
`64. Taylor, L.S., York, P., Williams, A.C. and Mehta, V., “Characterisation of frozen
`glucose solutions”, Pharm. Dev. Tech., 1997, 2(4), 395-402.
`
`65.Edwards, H.G.M., Farwell, D.W., Turner, J.C.M. and Williams, A.C., “Novel
`environmental chamber for FT-Raman spectroscopy: study of in situ phase
`change of sulfur’, Applied Spectroscopy, 1997, 51, 101-107.
`
`66.Lawson, E.E., Barry, B.W., Williams, A.C. and Edwards, H.G.M., “Biomedical
`applications of Raman spectroscopy”, J. Raman Spectrosc., 1997, 28, 111-117.
`
`67.Moghimi, H.R., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “A lamellar matrix model for
`stratum corneum intercellular lipids. V. Effects of terpene penetration enhancers
`on the structure and thermal behaviour of the matrix”, Int. J. Pharm., 1997, 146,
`41-54.
`
`68.Moghimi, H.R., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “A lamellar matrix model for
`stratum corneum intercellular lipids.
`|. Characterisation and comparison with
`stratum corneum intercellular structure’, Int. J. Pharm., 1996, 131, 103-115.
`
`69.Moghimi, H.R., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “A lamellar matrix model for
`stratum corneum intercellular lipids.
`Il. Effect of geometry of the stratum
`corneum on permeation of model drugs 5-fluorouracil and oestradiol”,
`Int. J.
`Pharm., 1996, 131, 117-129.
`
`70.Anigbogu, A.N.C., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., "Permeation characteristics
`of 8-methoxypsoralen through human skin; relevance to clinical treatment", J.
`Pharm. Pharmacol., 1996, 48, 357-366.
`
`71.Armstrong, C.L., Edwards, H.G.M., Farwell, D.W. and Williams, A.C., “FT-
`Raman microscopic study of drug distribution in a transdermal drug delivery
`device”, Vibrational Spectroscopy, 1996, 11, 105-113.
`
`0008
`
`
`
`72.Edwards, H.G.M., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “Human skin: A Fourier
`transform Raman spectroscopic study of the Iceman’, Spectroscopy Europe,
`1996, 8 (1), 10-18.
`
`73.McMahon, L.E., Timmins, P., Williams, A.C. and York, P., “Characterisation of
`dihydrates prepared from carbamazepine polymorphs”, J. Pharm. Sci., 1996, 85,
`1064-1069.
`
`74.Moghimi, H.R., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “A lamellar matrix model for
`stratum corneum intercellular lipids.
`Ill. Effects of terpene penetration enhancers
`on the release of 5-fluorouracil and oestradiol from the matrix”, Int. J. Pharm.,
`1996, 145, 37-47.
`
`75.Moghimi, H.R., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “A lamellar matrix model for
`stratum corneum intercellular lipids.
`IV. Effects of terpene penetration enhancers
`on the permeation of 5-fluorouracil and oestradiol through the matrix”,
`Int. J.
`Pharm., 1996, 145, 49-59.
`
`76.Stott, P.W., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “Characterization of complex
`coacervates of sometricyclic antidepressants and evaluation of their potential for
`enhancing transdermal flux”, J. Control. Release, 1996, 41, 215-227.
`
`77.Edwards, H.G.M., Williams, A.C. and Farwell, D.W., "Palaeodental studies using
`FT-Raman spectroscopy", Biospectroscopy,1995, 1, 29-36.
`
`78.Edwards, H.G.M., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., "Potential applications of FT-
`Raman spectroscopy for dermatological diagnostics", J. Mol. Structure, 1995,
`347, 379-388.
`
`79.Megrab, N.A., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., "Oestradiol permeation across
`human skin, silastic and snake skin membranes:the effects of ethanol/water co-
`solvent systems", Int. J. Pharm., 1995, 116, 101-112.
`
`80.Yamane, M.A., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., "Effects of terpenes and oleic
`acid as skin penetration enhancers towards 5-fluorouracil as assessed with time;
`permeation, partitioning and differential scanning calorimetry",
`Int. J. Pharm.,
`1995, 116, 237-251.
`
`81.Williams, A.C., Edwards, H.G.M. and Barry, B.W., "The ‘Iceman’: molecular
`structure of 5200 year old skin characterised by Raman spectroscopy and
`electron microscopy", Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1995, 1246, 98-105.
`
`82.Anigbogu, A.N.C., Williams, A.C., Barry, B.W. and Edwards, H.G.M., "Fourier
`transform Raman spectroscopyof interactions between the penetration enhancer
`dimethyl sulphoxide and human stratum corneum",
`Int. J. Pharm., 1995, 125,
`419-426.
`
`83. Yamane, M.A., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., "Terpene penetration enhancers
`in propylene glycol/water co-solvent systems; effectiveness and mechanisms of
`action", J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 1995, 47, 978-989.
`
`0009
`
`
`
`84.Megrab, N.A., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., "Oestradiol permeation through
`
`
`
`human and_silastic membrane:skin effects of propylene glycol and
`
`
`
`supersaturation", J. Control. Release, 1995, 36, 277-294.
`
`85. Edwards, H.G.M., Williams, A.C., Farwell, D.W., Barry, B.W. and Rull, F., “Novel
`spectroscopic
`deconvolution
`procedure
`for
`complex
`biological
`systems:
`vibrational components in the FT-Raman spectra of Ice-man and contemporary
`skin”, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 1995, 91, 3883-3887.
`
`86. Taylor, L.S., York, P., Williams, A.C., Edwards, H.G.M., Mehta, V., Jackson,
`G.S., Badcoe,
`|.G. and Clarke, A.R., “Sucrose reduces the efficiency of protein
`denaturation by a chaotropic agent’, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1995, 1253, 39-46.
`
`87.Williams, A.C., Edwards, H.G.M. and Barry, B.W., "Raman spectra of human
`keratotic biopolymers; skin, callus, hair and nail", J. Raman Spectrosc., 1994, 25,
`95-98.
`
`88.Edwards, H.G.M., Farwell, D.W. and Williams, A.C., "FT-Raman spectrum of
`cotton; A polymeric biomolecular analysis". Spectrochim. Acta, 1994, 50A, 807-
`811.
`
`89.Williams, A.C., Edwards, H.G.M. and Barry, B.W., "A comparison of FT-Raman
`spectra of mammalian and reptilian skin", Analyst, 1994, 119, 563-566.
`
`90. Williams, A.C. and Edwards, H.G.M., "Fourier transform Raman spectroscopyof
`bacterial cell walls", J. Raman Spectrosc., 1994, 25, 673-677.
`
`91.Williams, A.C., Barry, B.W., Edwards, H.G.M. and Farwell, D.W., "A critical
`comparison of some Raman spectroscopic techniques for studies of human
`stratum corneum", Pharm. Res., 1993, 10, 1642-1647.
`
`92. Barry, B.W., Edwards, H.G.M. and Williams, A.C., "Fourier Transform Raman
`and infrared spectra of snake skin", Spectrochim. Acta , 1993, 49A, 801-807.
`
`93.Edwards, H.G.M., Farwell, D.W., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., "Raman
`spectroscopic studies of the skins of the Sahara sand viper, the carpet python
`and the American black rat snake", Spectrochim. Acta, 1993 49A, 913-919.
`
`"On the non-Gaussian
`94.Williams, A.C., Cornwell, P.A. and Barry, B.W.,
`distribution of human skin permeabilities", Int. J. Pharm., 1992, 86, 69-77.
`
`95.Williams, A.C., Edwards, H.G.M. and Barry, B.W., "Fourier Transform Raman
`Spectroscopy: a novel application for examining human stratum corneum", Int. J.
`Pharm., 1992, 81, R11-R14.
`
`96.Barry, B.W., Edwards, H.G.M. and Williams, A.C., "Fourier Transform Raman
`and infrared vibrational study of human skin: assignment of spectral bands", J.
`Raman Spectrosc., 1992, 23, 641-645.
`
`97.Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., "Terpenes and the lipid-protein-partitioning
`theory of skin penetration enhancers", Pharm. Res., 1991, 8, 17-24.
`
`0010
`
`
`
`98.Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., "The enhancement index concept applied to
`terpene penetration enhancers for human skin and model lipophilic (oestradiol)
`and hydrophilic (5-fluorouracil) drugs", Int. J. Pharm., 1991, 74, 157-168.
`
`99.Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., "Urea analogues in propylene glycol as
`penetration enhancers in human skin", Int. J. Pharm., 1989, 56, 43-50.
`
`100. Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., "Essential oils as novel skin penetration
`enhancers", Int. J. Pharm., 1989, 57, R7-R9.
`
`Reviewarticles published in journals
`
`1. El Maghraby, G.M.M., and Williams, A.C. “Vesicular systems for delivering
`conventional small organic molecules and larger macromolecules to and through
`human skin”, Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, 2009, 6 (2), 149-164.
`
`2. El Maghraby, G.M.M., Barry, B.W., and Williams, A.C. “Liposomes and skin:
`From drug delivery to model membranes”, Eur. J. Pharm. Sci. 2008, 34, 203-222.
`
`3. El Maghraby, G.M.M., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “Can drug-bearing
`liposomes penetrate intact skin?” J. Pharm. Pharmacol, 2006, 58, 415-429.
`
`4. Williams, A.C., “Taking the transdermal route; technological advances point to a
`new star
`in drug delivery’, Pharmaceutical Manufacturing and Packaging
`Sourcer, Winter 2004, 84-87.
`
`5. Williams, A.C., “Recent advances in transdermal drug delivery”, Eur. J. Hosp.
`Pharm., 2004, 10: 53.
`
`6. Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “Penetration enhancers’, Advanced Drug
`Delivery Reviews, 2004, 56: 603-618.
`
`7. Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., "Skin absorption enhancers", In Critical Reviews
`in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems (Bruck, S.D., Ed), CRC Press Inc. Boca
`Raton, Florida, USA, 1992, 9 (3,4), 305-353.
`
`8. Williams, A.C and Barry B.W., “Raman Spectroscopy”, J. Toxicol. - Cutaneous
`and Ocular Toxicol., 2001, 20, 497-511.
`(Reprinted from Percutaneous
`Absorption (Bronaugh, R.L. and Maibach, H.I., Eds.), 3" Edition, Marcel Dekker,
`New York and Basel, 1999, pp 488-514).
`
`9. Lawson, E.E., Edwards, H.G.M., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “Applications of
`Raman spectroscopy to skin research”, Skin Research and Technology, 1997, 3:
`147-154.
`
`Authored book
`
`1. Williams, A.C. “Transdermal and Topical Drug Delivery; from theory to clinical
`practice”. Pharmaceutical Press, London. 2003.
`
`0011
`
`
`
`Chapters in books
`
`In: Aulton’s
`delivery’.
`drug
`and transdermal
`“Topical
`1. Williams A.C.
`Pharmaceutics; The design and manufacture of medicines (Aulton M. E. and
`Taylor, K.M.G. Eds.), Elsevier, Chapter 40, 2017.
`
`“Synergy between chemical
`2. Ng, K.W., Lau, W.M. and Williams, A.C.
`penetration enhancers’.
`In: Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers; Chemical
`Methods in Penetration Enhancement (Dragicevic-Curic, N and Maibach, H.I.
`Eds.), Springer, Berlin, 373-385 (Chapter 25), 2015.
`
`In: Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers
`3. Williams A.C. “Urea and derivatives”.
`(Dragicevic-Curic, N and Maibach, H.I. Eds.), Springer, Berlin, 301-308 (Chapter
`20), 2015
`
`In: Aulton’s
`delivery’.
`drug
`and transdermal
`“Topical
`4. Williams A.C.
`Pharmaceutics; The design and manufacture of medicines (Aulton M. E. and
`Taylor, K.M.G. Eds.), Churchill Livingstone, London, Chapter 39, 2013.
`
`penetration enhancement;
`“Chemical
`and Walters K.A.,
`5. Williams, A.C.
`possibilities and problems”.
`In: Dermatologic, Cosmeceutic and Cosmetic
`Development; Therapeutic and novel approaches (Walters, K.A. and Roberts,
`M.S. Eds.), Informa Healthcare, USA, Chapter 30 (pp 497-505), 2008.
`
`6. Williams A.C. “Pharmaceutical solvents as vehicles for topical dosage forms”In:
`Solvent Systems and their Selection in Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics
`(Augustijns, P and Brewster, M.E. Eds.), Springer & AAPS Press, USA, Chapter
`13 (pp 403 — 426), 2007.
`
`7. Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “Chemical penetration enhancement” In:
`Enhancement in Drug Delivery (Touitou, E. and Barry B.W. Eds), CRC Press,
`Boca Raton, USA, Chapter 12 (pp 233 — 254), 2007.
`
`8. Ahmed, A., Williams, A.C., Barry, B.W. and Davis, A.F., “Improving the
`dissolution rate of
`ibuprofen: does this enhance permeation from aqueous
`polymer film formulation?” In Perspectives in Percutaneous Penetration, (Brain,
`K.R. and Walters, K.A., Eds.), STS Publishing Ltd., Cardiff, Vol. 8a, 31, 2004.
`
`9. Ahmed, A., Williams, A.C., Barry, B.W. and Davis, A.F., “Formulation of
`ibuprofen in aqueous latex films: drug delivery through silastic membranes” In
`Perspectives in Percutaneous Penetration, (Brain, K.R. and Walters,K.A., Eds.),
`STS Publishing Ltd., Cardiff, Vol. 8a, 32, 2004.
`
`10.Williams, A.C., “Deformable liposomes?” In Perspectives in Percutaneous
`Penetration, (Brain, K.R. and Walters, K.A., Eds.), STS Publishing Ltd., Cardiff,
`Vol. 8a, 15, 2004.
`
`0012
`
`
`
`11.Sznitowska, M., Janicki, S., Williams, A., Stolyhwo, A. and Lau, S., “The effects
`of pH 1-12 on stratum corneum structure and permeation” In Perspectives in
`Percutaneous Penetration, (Brain, K.R. and Walters,K.A., Eds.), STS Publishing
`Ltd., Cardiff, Vol. 8a, 33, 2004.
`
`12.El Maghraby, G.M.M., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “In vitro skin delivery of 5-
`fluorouracil
`from ultradeformable vesicles” In: Perspectives in Percutaneous
`Penetration (Brain, K.R. and Walters,K.A., Eds.), STS Publishing Ltd., Cardiff,
`Vol. 7a, 58, 2002.
`
`13.El Maghraby, G.M.M., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “Penetration enhancersin
`liposomes for skin delivery of oestradiol. Can they replace surfactants?” In:
`Perspectives in Percutaneous Penetration (Brain, K.R. and Walters,K.A., Eds.),
`STS Publishing Ltd., Cardiff, Vol. 7a, 59, 2002.
`
`14.Mackay, K.M.B., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “Effect of melting point of chiral
`terpenes on stratum corneum uptake” In: Perspectives
`in Percutaneous
`Penetration, (Brain, K.R. and Walters,K.A., Eds.), STS Publishing Ltd., Cardiff,
`Vol. 7a, 55, 2002.
`
`15.Patel, L., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “A comparative study of transdermal
`permeation from 5-aminolevulinic
`acid formulations”
`In: Perspectives
`in
`Percutaneous Penetration, (Brain, K.R. and Walters,K.A., Eds.), STS Publishing
`Ltd., Cardiff, Vol. 7a, 60, 2002.
`
`16.Williams, A.C., “Some pharmaceutical applications of Raman spectroscopy”in
`Handbook of Raman Spectroscopy;
`from the Research Laboratory to the
`ProcessLine (I. Lewis and H.G.M. Edwards, Eds.) Marcel Dekker Inc, New York,
`2001, 575-591.
`
`17.El Maghraby, G.M.M., Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “Mechanistic studies of
`improved oestradiol skin delivery from different lipid vesicles”, In: Perspectives in
`Percutaneous Penetration, Vol. 6b (Brain, K.R. and Walters,K.A., Eds.), STS
`Publishing Ltd., Cardiff, 2000.
`
`In: Percutaneous
`18.Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., “Raman spectroscopy”,
`Absorption (Bronaugh, R.L. and Maibach, H.I., Eds.), 3° Edition, Marcel Dekker,
`New York and Basel, 1999, pp 488-514.
`
`19.Moghimi, H.R., Barry, B.W. and Williams, A.C., “Stratum corneum and barrier
`performance — a model
`lamellar approach,
`In: Percutaneous Absorption
`(Bronaugh, R.L. and Maibach, H.I., Eds.), au Edition, Marcel Dekker, New York
`and Basel, 1999, pp 515-553.
`
`enhancement:
`penetration
`“Chemical
`and Barry, B.W.,
`20.Williams, A.C.
`Possibilities and problems” in Dermal Absorption and Toxicity Assessment
`(Roberts, M.J. and Walters, K.A., Eds.), Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, 1998,
`Chapter 13, pp. 297-312.
`
`0013
`
`
`
`21.Williams, A.C., Lawson, E.E., Barry, B.W. and Edwards, H.G.M., “Probing the
`stratum corneum barrier using FT-Raman spectroscopy”,
`In Prediction of
`Percutaneous Penetration, Vol.5b (Brain, K.R., James, V.J. and Walters, K.A.
`(Eds.), STS Publishing Ltd., Cardiff, 1998, pp.5-8.
`
`22.Williams, A.C., Megrab, N.A. and Barry, B.W., “Permeation of oestradiol through
`human epidermal and silastic membranes from saturated transcutol/water
`systems”, In Prediction of Percutaneous Penetration, Vol.4b (Brain, K.R., James,
`V.J. and Walters, K.A., Eds), STS Publishing Ltd., Cardiff, 1996, 135-138.
`
`In Physical
`spectroscopy".
`"Vibrational
`23.Bugay, D.E. and Williams, A.C.,
`Characterization of Pharmaceutical Solids (Brittain, H.G. Ed.), Marcel Dekker
`Inc., New York, 1995, 59-91.
`
`In
`"Urea and its derivatives as penetration enhancers".
`24.Williams, A.C.,
`Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers (Maibach, H.|. and Smith, E.W., Eds.),
`CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 1995, 289-296.
`
`In Percutaneous
`25.Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., "Raman spectroscopy".
`Penetration Enhancers (Maibach, H.I. and Smith, E.W., Eds.), CRC Press, Boca
`Raton, Florida, 1995, 419-426.
`
`In:
`26.Barry, B.W. and Williams, A.C., "Permeation enhancement through skin".
`Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical Technology, Vol.11 (Swarbrick, J. and Boylan,
`J.C., Eds), Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, 1995, 449-493.
`
`27.Barry, B.W. and Williams, A.C., "Terpenes as skin penetration enhancers", In
`Pharmaceutical Skin Penetration Enhancement (Walters, K.A. and Hadgraft, J.,
`Eds), Marcel Dekker, New York and Basel, 1993, pp.95-111.
`
`28.Anigbogu, A.N.C., Williams, A.C., Barry, B.W. and Edwards, H.G.M., "Fourier
`Transform Raman spectroscopy in the study of interactions between terpene
`penetration enhancers and human skin".
`In Prediction of Percutaneous
`Penetration; Methods, Measurements, Modelling, Vol.3 (Brain, K.R., James, V.J.
`and Walters, K.A., Eds), STS Publishing, Cardiff, 1993, 27-36.
`
`29.Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W. "Transdermal oestradiol! permeation: the effects
`of terpene penetration enhancers".
`In Prediction of Percutaneous Penetration;
`Methods, Measurements, Modelling, Vol.2 (Scott, R.C., Guy, R.H., Hadgraft, J.
`and Boddé, H.E., Eds) IBC Technical Services, London, 1991, 386-393.
`
`30.Williams, A.C. and Barry, B.W., "The use of terpenes as skin penetration
`enhancers", In Prediction of Percutaneous Penetration; Methods, Measurements,
`Modelling" (Scott, R.C., Guy, R.H. and Hadgraft, J., Eds) IBC Techn