EXHBIIT 1028
`
`L, BR
`
`.
`
`PATENTED AUG. 8, 1905.
`
`'
`
`No. 796,893.
`
`' MEANS FOR IMPARTING STABILITY To UNSTABLE BODIES,
`
`LreweretorA
`etydt ShosiMet~he
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`- Exhibit 1028, Page 1 j
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`Exhibit 1028, Page 1
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`zi
`
`. BRENN
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`APPLIVATION FILED DE 0.3, 1904.
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`HEETS—SHEEY 2
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`PATENTED AUG. 8, 1905.
`|
`0, 796,893.
`MEANS FOR IMPARTING STABILITY TO UNSTABLE BODIES,
`
`Exhibit 1028, Page 2 |
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`Exhibit 1028, Page 2
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`5 SHEETS—SHEET 3.
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`
`
`No. 796,893.
`
`PATENTED AUG. 8, 1905,
`|
`-
`L. BRENNAN.
`MEANS FOR IMPARTING STABILITY TO UNSTABLE BODIES.
`APPLICATION FILED DEG. 3, 1904.
`
`NaYJ
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`AVIDREW. B, GRAHAM CO, PHOTO-LITHOGRARHERS, WASHINGTON, D: ¢.
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`Exhibit 1028, Page 3
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`Exhibit 1028, Page 3
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`

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`No. 796,893.
`
`oe
`L. BRENNAN,
`.
`MEANS FOR IMPARTING STABILITY TO UNSTABLE BODIES.
`APPLICATION FILED DEO, 3, 1904.
`
`PATENTED AUG. 8, 1905.
`
`:
`
`§ SHEETS—SHEET 4.
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`Exhibit 1028, Page 4J
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`Exhibit 1028, Page 4
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`

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`PATENTED AUG. 8, 1905.
`
`|
`
`No. 796,898.
`L, BRENNAN.
`:
`MEANS FOR IMPARTING STABILITY TO UNSTABLE BODIES,
`APPLIGATION FILED DEG. 3, 1904.
`,
`
`§ SHEETS—SHEST 5. Exhibit 1028, Page 5.
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`Exhibit 1028, Page 5
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`

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`UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
`
`LOUIS BRENNAN, OF GILLINGHAM, ENGLAND.
`MEANS FOR IMPARTING STABILITY TO UNSTABLE BODIES.
`
`No. 796,598
`
`Specification of Letters Patent.
`
`Patented Aug. 8, 1905.
`
`trolled. Fig. 4 is an endelevation, and Fig. 5a part side elevation, of another modifica-
`
`To ath whonr it nvay concern:
`Be it known that I, Louis Brennan, ©. B.,
`a subject of the King of Great Britain andIre-
`land, residing at Woodlands, Gillingham, in
`the county of Kent, England, have invented
`certain new and useful Improvements in and
`Relating to the Imparting of Stability to Oth-
`erwise Unstable Bodies, Structures, or Vehi-
`cles, of which the following is a specification.
`My invention relates to methods of and de-
`vices for imparting stability to structures or
`vehicles which are naturally unstable.
`My invention may be applied in its simplest
`form to a two-wheeled vehicle, such as a bi-
`eycle, and, indeed, renders possible the con-
`struction of motor-cars supported on one or
`two wheels only.
`It is further applicable to
`unstable ships and also to unstable vessels
`wholly immersed in one medium only—-such,
`for example, as submarine andaerial vessels.
`‘My invention consists in the application of
`one or more gyrostats in a structure, vehicle,
`or vessel otherwise unstable, wherebystabil-
`ity is imparted and maintenanceof the stabil-
`ity effected by control of the precession of the
`gyrostat or eyrostats either by hand or auto-
`matic devices.
`Myinvention furtherconsists in the appli-
`cation of two gyrostats rotating in opposite
`directions and supported in frames pivoted on
`preferably parallel axes,
`the frames being
`connected in such a way as to insure corre-
`spondence of the opposite precessions. This
`connection is specially advantageous in en-
`abling a vehicle or vessel to moveinacurved
`path either forward or backward without dif-
`ficulty.
`.
`A further part of my invention consists in
`employing a mass or weight suitably disposed
`and connectedto the gyrostat frame or frames,
`so as when acted on by centrifugal force to
`control the precession, andthus to compensate
`for the effects of centrifugal force in tilting
`the vehicle moving on a curved path. This
`centrifugal-controlling device is specially ap-
`plicable in conjunction with gravity devices
`for automatic control of precession.
`Referring to the accompanying drawings,
`whichillustrate my invention diagrammatic-
`ally, Figure 1 is an elevation of a simple form
`of my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation,
`-and Fig. 3 an end elevation, of a modification
`in which the gyrostats are automatically con-
`
`Application filed December 83,1904, Serial No. 235,409,
`
`tion in which the gyrostats are automatically
`controlled, Fig. 6 being a plan of the same,
`while Fig. 7 isa detail view of the guides for
`the spindle of the gyrostat. Fig. 8 is aside
`elevation, and Fig. 9a part end elevation, of
`another modification.
`In the modification shown in Fig. 1 my in-
`vention is applied to a two-wheeled vehicle,
`such as a bicycle or motor-car, traveling on
`two road-wheels arranged one in front of the
`other.
`TI mount on the vehicle structure a a
`heavy-rimmed wheel, preferably a disk 3,
`whichis caused to rotate in any suitable man-
`ner by muscular power or by means of a mo-
`tor, preferably electric, ata high speed. This
`heavy-rimrned wheel
`is mounted in a frame
`or carrier ¢, pivoted on a vertical axis de at
`right angles to that of the disk }, so that the
`frame ¢ is capable of swinging on an axis at
`right angles to the line connectingthe points
`where the road-wheels fg of the vehicle touch
`the ground. A hand controlling-lever / is
`provided. by which the frame or carrier ¢ can
`be turned about its axis d e. The operation
`of the arrangement is as follows: When the
`equilibrium of the vehicle is disturbed—tor
`example, by anoutside disturbing foree—then
`precession of the gyrostat occurs, and if now
`the controlling-lever be moved in the direc-
`tion to accelerate the precession then the ve-
`hicle at once rises into the vertical position
`again. <A vehicle as above described would
`work perfectly,
`for example, on a single
`straight track. Difficulties, however, arise
`in the use of a single eyrostat whenevera ve-
`hicle has to travel ina curved pathandbe re-
`versed.
`I therefore in the case of a vehicle
`intended for ordinary purposes employ two
`similar gyrostats rotating in opposite direc-
`tions. The carriers of the two gyrostats are
`pivoted on parallel axes, and I connect the
`carriers by means of gearing, so that the ro-
`tation of the one carrier in one direction in-
`sures a corresponding rotation of the other
`carrier in the opposite direction.
`I then con-
`trol the movements of the carriers as before
`by means of a suitable lever.
`In the modification of my invention shown
`in Figs. 2 and 3 I employ two similar gyro-
`stats rotating in opposite directions and
`mounted in a single framework 7, pivoted
`about a horizontal axis in the line of motion
`of the vehicle. One of the gyrostats, which
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`Exhibit 1028, Page 6°
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`Exhibit 1028, Page 6
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`spindle 7 and the roller 9 to press the car-
`riage back beyond the vertical position. As
`soon as the carriage passes the vertical posi-
`| tion its weight tends to pull
`it farther over
`on the opposite side from the first displace-
`ment, and the face 16 of the guide 11 then
`bears against the underside of the roller 12,
`thus causing a precession in the opposite di-
`rection. This precession is sufficient to bring
`the roller 9 back-to’ its normal middle posi-
`tion in the guide, and it will. be seen that
`there is no acceleration of precession to bring
`the vehicle back after its swing over past the
`vertical until the roller 9 gets back to its mid-
`position in the guides. The action accord-
`ingly does not
`tend to persist and produce
`oscillations increasing in amplitude.
`In the above-described arrangement I may
`providea hand-wheel 17, pivoted in the struc-
`ture of the vehicle and actuating a link 18,
`attached toa lever 19, whereby the precession
`may be controlled, if desired. I may thus on
`approaching a curve on the track of the vehi-
`cle by controlling the precession anticipate
`the disturbance produced by the curve and
`obtain an increased restoring power.
`In the modification of my invention shown
`in Pigs. 4, 5, 6, and 7 I employ at one or both
`ends of or at any convenient position in the
`vehicle two similar gyrostats rotating in op-
`posite directions, only one pair being shown
`in the drawings. The road-wheels of the ve-
`hicle are situated in the vertical plane through
`the line X Xin the plan. One of each pair of
`gyrostats, which I have called the “actuating-
`gyrostat,” is provided with means for auto-
`matically accelerating the. precession when
`the equilibrium is disturbed,
`this gyrostat
`being geared to the other of the same pair, so
`that equal movement of precession occurs in
`opposite directions in the pair when one of
`them is operated. Each pair of gyrostats is
`mounted in a framework 87, fixed to the ve-
`hicle and preferably inclosed air-tight,
`the
`air being exhausted from the framework.
`Thedisk wof the actuating-gyrostat is mount-
`ed on a spindle e, carrying the armature of
`an electromotor, the field-magnets v of which
`are pivoted at 38 39 tna line parallel with
`the line joining the points of contact of the
`wheels of the vehicle with the ground, the
`pivots 88 389 being carried by a ring 40,
`which is carried by a vertical axle 41, rota-
`table in bearings 42 43 in the fixed frame-
`work 37.
`The axles 26 and 41 are branched
`at points near the top of the casing, and
`arms 47 48 are provided in the field-mag-
`nets » 28. These arms are connected by a
`link 49 and ball-socket joints, the joints being
`situated in the vertical axes about which the
`field-magnets turn.
`It will be seen that by
`this connection a movement of the magnet
`28 about the axis 45 will cause a correspond-
`ing movementof the magnet v about the axis
`38.
`<A toothedsector21 is keyed to the lower
`
`2 T
`
`have called the ‘‘actuating- gyrostat,” is
`provided with means for automatically accel-
`erating the precession when the equilibrium,
`is disturbed, this gyrostat being geared to
`the other, so that equal movements of preces-
`sion occur in opposite directions when the
`actuating-gyrostat is operated. The spinning
`parts of the gyrostats consist of pairs of disks
`gn, respectively, mounted on horizontal spin-
`dles g #, carryingthe armatures ¢ ¢ of electro-
`motors by which the disks are driven and
`whose field-magnets w
`are pivoted in the
`framework 7, so that they can rotate about ver-
`ticalaxes 12and34. respectively. These field-
`magnets » form the carriers of the gyrostats.
`Gear-wheels 56 are provided on the field-
`magnet 7, engaging with intermediate gear-
`wheels 7 8, andthus insuringthat the field-
`. magnets turn through equal angles in opposite
`directions about
`their vertical axes. The
`spindle » is extended beyond the field-mag-
`nets v and disk 7 and has loosely mounted
`on it a roller 9, which in -its normal position
`_when the vehicle is wpright. lies between the
`adjacent edges of the narrow part of the cut-
`away segmental guide 11. The field-magnet
`or carrier # is provided with a projecting
`sleeve surrounding the extension of the spin-
`dle # and having loosely mounted on ita
`roller 12, which when the vehicle is upright
`- lies between the adjacent edges of the wider
`‘part of the guide 11. The guide 11 is fixed
`to the structure of the vehicle, and it willbe
`seen that when the extension of the spindle
`and the projecting sleeve of the field-magnet
`# move up from the plane of the paper, Fig.
`3, the upper side of the roller 9 and lower
`- side of the roller 12 will becapable of coming
`in contact with one or other of the faces 138
`‘16 of the guide 11, while when the extension
`of the spindle and the projecting sleeve of
`the field-magnet move in the opposite direc-
`tion the lowerside of the roller 9 and upper
`side of the roller 12 will be capable of com-
`ing in contact with one or other of the faces
`14 15 of the guide 11. The distance between
`the faces 13 and 16 and between the faces 14
`and 15 of
`the guide are such that the spindle
`can havea slight movement perpendicular to
`these faces when the rollers lie between them
`respectively. The operation of the appara-
`tus is as follows: Suppose the armatures and
`disks are revolving rapidly in the direction
`_ of the arrow Y, Fig. 2, and suppose that the
`equilibriumof the vehicle is disturbed, say,
`- by falling over to the right in the direction
`of the arrow Z, Fig. 3, the face 13 of
`the
`guide 11 will press on the roller 9 and the
`pressure downward will cause a precession,
`the roller 9 with the other parts moving up
`. from the plane of the paper about the axis 1
`2; but there is friction between the face 13
`of the guide and the rapidly-revolving roller|
`9, and this will accelerate the precession, the
`result of which is to cause the end of the
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`796,893
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`Exhibit 1028, Page 7
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`Exhibit 1028, Page 7
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`796,893.
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`3
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`end of the axle 41 and meshes with a quad-
`rant 22, carried by a horizontal transverse
`shaft 23, whose other end carries a quadrant
`24, meshing with a toothed sector 25 on the
`vertical axle 26 of the second gyrostat corre-
`sponding with the axle 41 of the actuating-gy-
`rostat. The axle 26 carries a ring 27 in which
`is pivoted the electromagnet 28 of the second
`electromotor, whose armature-spindle carries
`the heavy disk 29. The spindle 7is extended
`beyond the field - magnet v and has loosely
`mounted on it a roller 30, which in its normal
`position when the vehicle is upright lies be-
`tween the adjacent edges of the narrow part of
`acut-away segmental guide 31.
`Themagnety.
`is provided with a projecting sleeve surround-
`ing the extension of the spindle » and having
`loosely mounted onit a roller 32, which when
`the vehicle is upright lies between the adja-
`cent edges of the wider part of the guide 31.
`The guide 31 is fixed to the frame of the ve-
`hicle by a bracket 51, and it will be seen that
`when the extension of the spindle 7 and the
`projecting sleeve of the field-magnet » move
`up from the plane of the paper, Fig. 4, the
`upper side of the roller 30 and lower side of
`the roller 32 will be capable of coming in con-
`tact with the guide 31, while when the exten-
`sion of the spindle 7 andthe projecting sleeve
`of the field-magnet move in the opposite di-
`rection the lowerside of the roller 30 and up-
`per side of the roller 32 will be capable of
`coming in contact with the guide 31. The
`distance between the faces 33 and 36 and be-
`tween the faces 34 and 35 of the guide are
`such that the spindle can have a slight move-
`ment perpendicular to these faces when the
`rollers lie between them, respectively. The
`operation of the apparatus is similar to that
`of the modification described above withref-
`erence to Figs. 2 and 3. Suppose the arma-
`tures and disks are revolving in the direction
`of the arrow w, and suppose that the equilib-
`rium of the vehicle is disturbed, say, by fall-
`ing over to the right in the direction of the
`arrow y, Fig. 4. Theface 33 of the guide 31
`will press on the roller 30, and the pressure
`downward will cause a precession, the roller
`30, with the other parts, moving in the direc-
`tion of the arrow, Fig. 6, about the axes 4243.
`The friction between the face 33 of the guide
`and the rapidly-revolving roller 30 acceler-
`ates the precession, and the end of the spin-
`dle » and the roller 30 press the carriage back
`beyondthe vertical position. As soonas the
`carriage passes
`the vertical position its
`weight tends to pull it fartherover on the op-
`posite side from the first displacement and
`the underside of the roller 32, thus causing
`a precession In the. opposite direction. This
`. precession is sufficient to bring the roller 30
`backto its normalmiddle position in the guide,
`‘and it will be seen that there is no accelera-
`tion of precession to bring the vehicle back
`alter its swingoverpast the vertical until the
`
`
`
`| roller 30 gets back to its mid-position in the
`guides.
`It will be seen that as the move-
`ments of precession of the second gyrostat of
`the pair are equal. and opposite to those of
`the actuating-gyrostat equal movements of
`both the gyrostats about their horizontal axes
`will take place, and the second gyrostat as-
`sists In controlling the balance of the car
`through the link 49, spindle », and guide 31.
`In the above-described arrangement I may
`provide a hand-lever 50 at the end of the axle
`41. By this lever I may control
`the preces-
`sion as in the previous modification.
`I may,
`if desired, also provide the second gyrostat of
`the pair with means for accelerating the pre-
`cession; but I prefer in any case to gear the
`pair of gyrostats together and so insure syn-
`chronous movements of precession in oppo-
`site directions.
`- The arrangements for automatic control
`above described are those which I prefer in
`most cases to use; but according to another
`modification I may provide an inverted pen-
`dulum whose motion is communicated by
`means of gearing to the carriers, so that when
`the pendulum, owing to the disturbance of
`the equilibrium of the vehicle, tends to fall
`over in one direction at an increasing rate it
`produces an acceleration of the precession of
`the gyrostats, and thus restores the ba’ance
`of the vehicle. The inverted pendulum may
`itself be controlled by hand, if desired.
`In
`passing round a curve with the vehicle the in-
`clining effects required to compensate for cen-
`trifugal force are obtained by the action of the
`centrifugal force on the inverted pendulum.
`This modification is shown in Figs. 8 and9.
`The gyrostats 51 52 are mounted in frames
`55 54 in a mannersimilar to that described
`above with reference to Figs. 2 and 3, the.
`frames 53 54 being pivoted on axles whose up-
`per ends pass through the framework Z and
`are provided with gear-wheels 55 56, mesh-
`ing with gear-wheels 57 58 on a shaft 59, on
`which is mounted an inverted pendulum 60.
`The shafts 59 may also carry an iron arma-
`ture 61, adapted to be drawn to one side or
`the other by electromagnets 62 63.
`The
`electromagnets are energized by the current
`from a battery 64, one pole of which is con-
`nected to a contact 65 on the frame of the.
`vehicle adapted to make contact with one or
`other of two contacts carried by the frame Z
`when the vehicle leans over in one direction
`or the other, those electromagnets being en-
`ergized whichtend to increase the acceleration
`of precession given by the inverted pendulum.
`The electromagnets thus form an additional
`device for controlling the inverted pendulum
`and prevent any periodic motions being set
`up which would tend to increase.
`If such.
`periodic motionsstill occur, they may easily
`be stopped by controlling the precession by
`hand, and it may also be desirable to control
`by handtheeffect of centrifugal force on the
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`Exhibit 1028, Pa
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`Exhibit 1028, Page 8
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`4.
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`inverted pendulum in passing round a curve.
`Again, it will be seen that any other mechan-
`ical or electromagnetic device may be em-
`ployed which is brought into operation by
`the disturbance of
`the equilibrium of
`the
`vehicle and which operates to restore that
`equilibrium by accelerating the precession of
`the gyrostats.
`Such stability-imparting de-
`vices are of special value in mono-rail trans-
`port schemes, as they enable a vehicle to be
`run on a single rail without requiring sus-
`pension from a point above its center of
`gravity. Thus aspecially-clevated rail is not
`required.
`In carrying my invention into ef-
`fect as applied in a ship, or, for example, in
`a couch or cabin to be employed on shipboard,
`the same principles are observed, and a couch
`or cabin may be maintained practically in a
`ievel position independent of the motion of
`the vessel, either fore or aft, or broadside;
`but the vesel or couch or cabin must be nat-
`urally unstable.
`In this case, however, one set of gyrostats
`‘Tnust be employed for maintainingthe level
`in a fore-and-aft direction and anotherset for
`maintaining the level
`in the thwartship di-
`rection.
`In this case also two controlling-
`pendulums are employed, one adapted to ac-
`celerate the precession of the one set of gyro-
`stats and the other to accelerate the preces-
`sion of the other set.
`In some cases an addi-
`tional device may be employed to control the
`inverted pendulums and to prevent any peri-
`- odic motions being set up which would tend
`to Increase. This might take the form of a
`pair of contacts, bringing into operation al-
`ternately electromagnets adapted to produce
`additional acceleration of the precession of
`the gyrostats. Two sets of gyrostats may
`also be employed to enable a motor-vehicle to
`be constructed requiring only a single roacl-
`‘wheel.
`In this case the second set of gyro-
`stats are employed to maintain the stability
`of the vehicle in a fore-and-aft direction, a
`third set of gyrostats being employed for
`steering purposes.
`In the case of vessels im-
`mersed in a single fluid medium, such as sub-
`marine and aerial vessels, two sets of gyro-
`stats are necessary, as before, and a third set
`may be employed for steering purposes; but,
`as before, the vessel must be naturally un-
`stable.
`In all cases I prefer to provide the gyro-
`stats with ball-bearings and also toprovide
`frictionless packing where the spindles pass
`through the outer casing, it being desirable
`to reduce friction as much as possible.
`It is
`also of extreme importance in all cases that
`the gyrostat-frames should be balanced.
`Having thus described my invention, I de-
`clare that what I claim as new, and desire to
`secure by Letters Patent, is—
`1. Means for imparting stability to bodies
`naturally unstable; comprising a gyrostat in-
`
`| 796,898
`
`cluding a heavy wheel rotating in a framé
`mounted on pivots on said body; and means
`for accelerating the precession of said gyro-
`stat.
`:
`2. Means for imparting stability to bodies
`naturally unstable; comprising one or more
`eyrostats rotating divacuo.
`83. Means for imparting stability to bodies
`naturally unstable; comprisinga pair of gyro-
`stats, each including a heavy wheel rotating
`in a frame mounted on pivots in an axis fixed
`relatively to said body, said wheels rotating
`in opposite directions and said axes being par-
`allel; and means for accelerating the preces-
`sion of said gyrostats.
`4, Means for impartingstability to a body
`in unstable equilibrium; comprising a pair of
`gyrostats, each including a heavy wheel ro-
`tating in a frame mounted on pivots, said
`wheels rotating in opposite directions; means
`constraining the axes of said frames in par-
`allel positions; supports for said pivots said
`supports being rotatable about axes perpen-
`dicular to the axes of said frames andsaid
`wheels; means for communicating movements
`of said gyrostats about said perpendicular
`axes to said body; and meansforaccelerating
`the precession of said gyrostats.
`5. Means for impartingstability to a body
`in unstable equilibrium; comprising a pair of
`eyrostats, each including a heavy wheel ro-
`tating in a frame mounted on pivots, said
`wheels rotating in opposite directions; means
`constraining the axes of said frames in. par-,
`allel positions; supports for said pivots, said
`supports being rotatable about axes perpen-
`dicular to the axes of said frames and said
`wheels; means for communicating movements
`of said gyrostats about said perpendicular
`axes to said body; means foraccelerating the
`precession of said gyrostats, and gearing in-
`suring equal and synchronous precessional
`motion of said gyrostats.
`6. Means for imparting stability toa body
`in unstable equilibrium; comprising a gyro-
`stat, including a heavy wheel rotating in a
`frame mounted on pivots on said body; an
`electromotor adapted to drive said wheels, in-
`cluding an armature on the axle of said wheel
`and field-magnets carried by said frame; and
`means foraccelerating the precession of said
`gyrostat.
`Y. Means for imparting stability to a body
`in unstable equilibrium; comprisinga pair of
`gyrostats, each including a heavy wheel ro-
`tating in a frame mounted on pivots in an
`axis fixed relatively to said body; electromo-
`tors adapted to drive said wheels, including
`armatures on the axles of said wheels and
`tield- magnets carried by said frames; said
`wheels rotating in opposite directions, and
`said axes being parallel; and means for ac-
`celerating the precession of said gyrostats.
`8. Means for imparting stability to a body
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`Exhibit 1028, Page 9
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`Exhibit 1028, Page 9
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`and said frames; means for communicating
`
`in unstable equilibrium; comprising a pair of
`gyrostats, each including a heavy wheel ro-
`tating in a frame mounted on pivots, said
`wheels rotating in opposite directions; elec-
`tromotors adapted to drive saic wheels, in-
`cluding armatures on the axles of said wheels
`and field- magnets carried by said frames;
`means constraining the axes of said frames in
`parallel positions; supports for said pivots,
`said supports being rotatable about axes per-
`pendicular to the axes of said frames andsaid
`wheels; means for communicating movements
`of said gyrostats about said perpendicular
`axes to said body; and meansfor accelerating
`the precession of said gyrostats.,
`9. Means for imparting stability to a body
`in unstable equilibrium; comprisinga pair of
`gyrostats, each including a heavy wheelro-
`tating in a frame mounted on’ pivots, said
`wheels rotating in opposite directions; elec-
`tromotors adapted to drive said wheels, in-
`cluding armatures on the axles of said wheels
`and field- magnets carried by said frames;
`means constraining the axes of said frames in
`parallel positions; supports for said pivots,
`said supports being rotatable about axes per-
`pendicular to the axes of said frames andsaid
`wheels; meansfor communicating movements
`of said gyrostats about said perpendicular
`axes to said body; meansforacceleratingthe
`precession of said gyrostats and gearing in-
`suring equal and synchronous precessional
`motion of said gyrostats.
`10. A vehicle; comprising in combination,
`a vehicle structure; wheels supporting said
`structure; the points of contact.of said wheels
`with the ground all beingin one straight line;
`a gyrostat, including a heavy wheel rotating
`in a frame mounted on pivots on said struc-
`ture; and means for accelerating the preces-
`sion of said gyrostat, as and for tha purposes
`described.
`11. A vehicle; comprising in‘combination,
`a vehicle structure; wheels supporting said
`structure; the points of contact of said wheels
`with the groundall being in one straightline;
`a pair of gyrostats, each including a heavy
`wheel rotating in a frame mounted on pivots
`in a vertical axis on said body, said heavy
`wheels rotating in opposite directions; and
`means for accelerating the precession of said
`gyrostats, as and for the purpose described.
`12. A vehicle; comprising in combination,
`a vehicle structure; wheels supporting said
`structure; the points of contactof said wheels
`with the groundall being in one straight line;
`a pair of gyrostats, each including a heavy
`wheel rotating in a frame mounted on pivots
`in an axis perpendicular to the axes of said
`heavy wheels, said beavy wheels rotating in
`opposite directions; supportsforsaid pivots;
`said supports being rotatable about axes per-
`pendicular to the axes of said heavy wheels
`
`_
`
`796,893
`
`oS
`
`movements of said gyrostats about a horizon-
`talaxis perpendicularto theaxisof said heavy
`wheels to the vehicle; and means for acceler-
`ating the precession of said gyrostats, as and
`for the purpose described.
`18. A vehicle; comprisingin combination,
`a vehicle structure; wheels supporting said
`structure; the points of contact of said wheels
`with the groundall beingin one straight line;
`a pair of gyrostats each including a heavy
`wheel rotating in a frame mounted on pivots
`in an axis perpendicular to the axes of said
`heavy wheels, said heavy wheels rotating in
`opposite directions; supports for said pivots;
`said supports being rotatable about axes per-
`pendicular to the axes of said heavy wheels
`and said frames; means for communicating
`movements of said gyrostats about a horizon-
`tal axis perpendicularto the axesof said heavy
`wheels to the vehicle; and means-for acceler-
`ating the precession of one or both of said
`gyrostats and gearing insuring equal and syn-
`chronous precessional motion of said gyro-
`stats; as and for the purpose described.
`14. A vehicle; comprising in combination,
`a vehicle structure; wheels supporting said
`structure; the points of contact of said wheels
`with the groundall being in one straight line;
`a gyrostat, including a heavy wheel rotating
`in a frame mounted on pivots on said struc-
`ture; an electromotor adapted to drive said
`heavy wheel, including an armature on the
`axle of said wheel and field-magnets carried
`by said frame; and means foraccelerating the
`precessionof said oyrostat, as and for the pur-
`poses described.
`15. A vehicle; comprising in combination,
`a vehicle structure; wheels supporting said
`structure; the points of contact of said wheels
`with the groundall being in one straight line;
`a pair of gyrostats, each including a heavy
`wheel rotating in a frame mounted on pivots
`in a vertical axis on said body, said heavy
`wheels rotating in opposite directions; elec-
`tromotors adapted todrivesaid heavy wheels,
`including armatures on the axlesof said heavy
`wheels and field-magnets carried by said
`frame; and means for accelerating the pre-
`cession of said gyrostats, as and for the pur-
`pose described.
`16. A vehicle; comprising in combination,
`a vehicle structure; wheels supporting said
`structure; the points of contact of said wheels
`with the groundall being in one straight line;
`a pair of gyrostats, each including a heavy
`wheel rotating in a frame mounted on pivots
`in an axis perpendicular to the axes of said
`heavy wheels, said heavy wheels rotating in
`opposite directions; electromotors adapted to
`drive said heavy wheels, including armatures
`onthe axles of said heavy wheels and field-
`magnets carried by said frames; supports for
`said pivots; said supports being rotatable about
`axes perpendicular to the axes of said heavy
`
`Exhibit 1028, Page 10
`
`
`Exhibit 1028, Page 10
`
`

`

`a pair of gyrostats each including a heavy
`
`heels and said frames; means for communi-
`cating movements of said gyrostats about a
`horizontal axis perpendicular to the axes of
`said heavy wheels to the vehicle; and means
`for accelerating the precession of said gyro-
`stats, as and for the purpose described.
`1%. A vebicle; comprising in combination,
`a vehicle structure; wheels supporting said
`structure; the points of contact of said wheels
`with the groundall being in one straight line;
`a pair of gyrostats, each including a heavy
`wheel rotating in a frame mounted on pivots
`in a vertical axis, said heavy wheels rotating
`in opposite directions; a frameworkcarrying
`said pivots, said framework being pivoted on
`said structure about a horizontal axis perpen-
`dicularto the axes of said heavy wheels; means
`for accelerating the precession of said gyro-
`stats, and means for communicating the mo-
`tion of said framework about said horizontal
`axis to the vehicle, as and for the purpose de-
`scribed.
`18. A vehicle; comprising in combination,
`a vehicle structure; wheels supporting said
`structures; the points of contact of said wheels
`with the ground all being in one straight line;
`a gyrostat including a heavy wheel rotating
`in a frame mounted on pivots on said struc-
`ture; and means for automatically accelerat-
`ing the precession of said gyrostat, as and for
`the purposes described.
`19. A vehicle; comprising in combination,
`a vehicle structure; wheels supporting’ said
`structure; the points of contact of said wheels
`with the groundall being in one straight line;
`a pair of gyrostats, each including a heavy
`wheel rotating in a frame mounted on pivots
`in a vertical axis on said body, said heavy
`wheels rotating in opposite directions; and
`means for automatically accelerating the pre-
`cession of said gyrostats, as and for the pur-
`pose described.
`90. A. vehicle; comprising in combination,
`a vehicle structure; wheels supporting said
`-structures; the points of contact of said wheels
`with the groundall being in one straight line;
`a gyrostat, including a heavy wheel rotating
`ina frame mounted on pivots; supports for
`said pivots; said supports being rotatable
`about an axis perpendicular to the axes of said
`heavy wheel and said frame; guides carried
`by the vehicle structure and adapted to come
`in contact with the rotating axle of said heavy
`wheel and accelerate the precession when the
`equilibrium of the vehicle is disturbed, and
`adapted to be turned with the vehicle about a
`horizontal axis by pressure between them and
`a non-rotating part of the gyrostat when pre-
`cession is accelerated; as and for the purpose
`described.
`21. A vehicle; comprising in combination,
`a vehicle structure; wheels supporting said
`structure; the points of contact of said wheels
`with the ground all being in one straight line;
`
`S w
`
`796,893
`
`wheel rotating in a fratie mounted on pivots,
`said heavy wheels rotating in opposite direc-
`tions; supports for said pivots; said supports
`being rotatable about axes perpendicular to
`the axesof said heavy wheels and same frames;
`guides carried by the vehicle structure and
`adapted to come in contact with the rotating
`axles of one of said heavy wheels andaccel-
`erate the precession when the equilibrium of
`the vehicle is disturbed, and adapted to be
`turned with the vehicle about a horizontal
`axis by pressure between them and a non-ro-
`tating part of the gyrostat when precession is
`accelerated; means for communicating the
`; precessional movements of one gyrostat ‘to
`the other; and means for communicating the
`motion of the actuated gyrostat about a hori-
`zontal axis perpendicular to the axes of said
`heavy wheels to the vehicle; as and