(12) United States Patent
`Austermann, III et al.
`
`(10) Patent N0.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 9,049,019 B2
`"‘Jun. 2, 2015
`
`US0090490l9B2
`
`NETVVORK EQUIPMENT AND OPTIONAL
`TETIIER
`
`Inventors: John F. Austermann, III, Huntington
`Woods, MI (US); Marshall B.
`Cummings, Troy, M1 (US)
`Assignee: Chri1\/Iar Systems, Inc., Farmington
`Hills, M1 (US)
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`
`Notice:
`
`This patent is subject to a terminal dis-
`claimer.
`
`Appl. No.: 13/615,726
`Filed:
`Sep. 14, 2012
`Prior Publication Data
`
`US 2013/0002369 Al
`
`Jan. 3, 2013
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`
`H04B 2203/5445 (2013.01); H04B 2203/5458
`(2013.01); H04B 2203/5466 (2013.01); H04B
`2203/547 (2013.01); H04B 2203/549]
`(2013.01); H043 2203/5495 (2013.01)
`Field of Classification Search
`None
`See application file for complete search history.
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`202,495 A
`244,426 A
`
`4/1878 Watson
`7/1881 Bell
`
`(Continucd)
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`2183106 A1
`2050662 U
`
`2/1998
`1/1990
`
`(Continued)
`()Tl lER PUl711,1CAT1(’)NS
`
`Continuation of application No. 13/370,918, filed on
`Feb. 10, 2012, now Pat. No. 8,942,107, which is a
`continuation of application No. 12/239,001, filed on
`Sep. 26, 2008, now Pat. No. 8,155,012, wl1ic11 is a
`continuation of application No. 10/668,708, filed on
`Sep. 23, 2003, now Pat. No. 7,457,250, which is a
`continuation of application No. 09/370,430, filed on
`Aug. 9, 1999, now Pat. No. 6,650,622, which is a
`continuation-in-part
`of
`application
`No.
`PCT/US99/07846, filed on Apr. 8, 1999.
`Provisional application No. 60/081,279, filed on Apr.
`10, 1998.
`
`Int. Cl.
`H04L 12/12
`G08B 13/14
`H04L 1/24
`H04B 3/54
`U.S. Cl.
`CPC .. H04L 1/24 (2013.01); H04B 3/54 (2013.01);
`
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`
`“10BaseT Takes Off’ (LAN Magazine, May 1991).
`(Continued)
`
`Primary Examiner — Chi H Pham
`Assistant Examiner — Soon-Dong D Hyun
`(74) Attorney, Agent. or Firm — Harness, Dickey & Pierce,
`P.L.C.
`
`ABSTRACT
`(57)
`A piece of data terminal equipment having an Ethernet con-
`nector having first and second pairs of contacts used to can'y
`high frequency data communication signals. The piece of
`data terminal equipment to have at least one path coupled
`across at lcast one of thc contacts of thc first pair of contacts
`of the Ethernet connector and at least one of the contacts of
`the second pair of contacts of the Ethernet connector. The
`piece of data terminal equipment to draw different magni-
`tudes of DC current through the at least one path.
`169 Claims, 13 Drawing Sheets
`
`4
`e
`
`.
`
`_.,
`
`I
`.
`
`.
`
`A~~--1 mom
`,
`__
`1I_}.3__
`
`1
`0,3
`él
`
`rohive - Exhibit
`
`Aerohive - Exhibit 1007
`
`

`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`406,567
`2,846,509
`3,359,379
`3,407.400
`3,408.643
`3,423,521
`3,425,050
`3,500,132
`3,535,472
`3,537,095
`3,593,274
`3,597,549
`3,618,065
`3,634,845
`3,659,277
`3,696.378
`3,697.984
`3.731.012
`3,758,728
`3,768,084
`3,781,481
`3,794,989
`3,818,179
`3,828,139
`3,832,521
`3,832,678
`3,836,901
`3,842,218
`3.848.179
`3.863.036
`3,868,484
`3,886,419
`RI528692
`3,932,857
`3,969,594
`3,983,338
`4,024,359
`4,024,360
`4,054,760
`4,063,220
`4,064.431
`4,101.878
`4,121,201
`4,128,804
`4,131,767
`4,156,799
`4,160,884
`4,161,719
`4,162,489
`4,173,714
`4,179,688
`4,186,339
`4,191.971
`4230.912
`4232.199
`4,254,305
`4,260,882
`4,268,723
`4,273,955
`4,277,740
`4,282,407
`4,290,056
`4,292,480
`4,293,948
`4,303,073
`4.313.081
`4.315.107
`4,322,677
`4,340,788
`4,348,661
`4,349,703
`4.350.849
`4,367,455
`4,383,315
`4,388,667
`
`3»>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>:r>F1T>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
`
`7/1889 Edison
`8/1958 Dubuar
`12/1967 Pullum etal.
`10/1968 Lurie
`10/1968 Sliman
`1/1969 Friesen etal.
`1/1969 Tcllcrman ctal,
`3/1970 Garrett
`10/1970 Babbitt, 111
`10/1970 cones
`7/1971 K111g1er,J1'.
`8/1971 Farlrleretal.
`11/1971 Tripelal.
`1/1972 Colman
`4/1972 Brown
`10/1972 Daniel
`10/1972 Atkinson etal,
`5/1973 Shaffer
`9/1973 Lc Roch ctal.
`10/1973 1-layncs
`12/1973 Shafferetal.
`2/1974 Manley etal.
`6/1974 Mase
`8/1974 Chan1be1's,J1'.
`8/1974 Niendorf
`8/1974 Gyselletal.
`9/1974 Matto etal.
`10/1974 DeLucaetal.
`11/1974 Kayama
`1/1975 Mc Crudden
`2/1975 Boltonetal.
`5/1975 Omuractal.
`1/1976 1-lighstone et al.
`1/1976 \Vayetal.
`7/1976 Delucaetal.
`9/1976 Mathauser
`5/1977 De Marco etal.
`5/1977 Biraghietal.
`10/1977 Morgen
`12/1977 Metcalfe etal.
`12/1977 Cote
`7/1978 shirnizueral.
`10/1978 Weathers
`12/1978 Russell
`12/1978 Wcinstcin
`5/1979 cave
`7/1979 Bishop
`7/1979 Parikhetal.
`7/1979 Thilo etal.
`11/1979 Bloch etal.
`12/1979 Romney
`1/1980 Finger
`3/1980 Dischertetal.
`10/1980 Lee eta].
`11/1980 Boatwrightetal.
`3/1981 Trcibcr
`4/1981 Barnes
`5/1981 Taylor
`6/1981 Armstrong
`7/1981 Parks
`8/1981 Stiefel
`9/1981 Chow
`9/1981 Sweatt
`10/1981 Soderblom
`12/1981 Archibald
`1/1982 Smith
`2/1982 Ciesielka et al.
`3/1982 Wright
`7/1982 Sbuclz
`9/1982 Lucchesi
`9/1982 Chea,Jr.
`9/1982 Ahuja
`1/1983 Fried
`5/1983 Torng
`6/1983 Saurenman
`
`US 9,049,019 B2
`Page 2
`
`7397.020
`,398.066
`14101982
`432m
`7438398
`446341
`454477
`463352
`7464658
`5467447
`5167314
`7475079
`7479223
`432999
`4341028
`5487336
`7494541
`495494
`507558
`-5241349
`525636
`527216
`a528~667
`532526
`7535401
`551971
`7554725
`5571656
`7575714
`573539
`-5361104
`—~593«389
`0602354
`511401
`7617956
`522541
`3629336
`7531-367
`7633-217
`7636771
`7639714
`7647-721
`547912
`549548
`7654638
`7654640
`556313
`7658099
`7653242
`7661797
`9611979
`9701902
`7674084
`7685429
`536514
`691,344
`-692751
`701530
`7701946
`712233
`717396
`719516
`723367
`723943
`7729-125
`7731.810
`731329
`—~733a223
`4733389
`,736.195
`17371787
`,742.334
`,751.498
`,755.792
`,755,922
`.758.823
`,760.382
`,766,386
`,771.229
`
`>>>>>>393»>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>39?»>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
`
`8/1983 Howson
`8/1983 Sinberg
`10/1983 Fleischfresser et :11.
`11/1983 Porter et al.
`3/1984 Rubin
`5/1984 Rubin
`6/1984 Joffe
`7/1984 Forbes et al.
`8/1984 Thclcn
`8/1984 Rubin
`8/1984 Weikel et al.
`10/ 1 984 Gale
`10/1984 Crane
`11/1984 Janson et al.
`11/1984 Kelley el :11.
`12/1984 Takayanagi et al.
`1/1985 Archibald
`1/1985 McCune
`3/1985 Ziegler et al.
`6/1985 Hyatt
`6/1985 Kominami ct al.
`7/1985 Starnrncly
`7/19 85 Fruhauf
`7/1985 Flores et al.
`8/1985 Penn
`11/1985 Annunziata et al.
`1/1986 Ibata
`2/1986 Ruckman
`3/1986 Rummel
`3/1986 Townsing
`4/1986 Standler
`6/1986 Wurzburg et a1.
`7/1986 Herman et al.
`9/1986 Walter ct al.
`10/1986 Kobayashi et al.
`1 1/1986 Stockdale
`12/ 1 986 Wal sworth
`12/1986 Coviello et al.
`12/1986 Akano
`1/1987 Ochs
`1/1987 Crowe
`3/1987 Busam et al.
`3/1987 Bates et al.
`3/1987 Crane
`3/1987 Clift
`3/1987 Carll ct al,
`4/1987 Noycs
`4/ 1 987 Frazer
`4/ 1 987 7.ede1'
`4/1987 Schmall
`4/1987 Jakab
`6/1987 Naiwirl
`6/1987 Suzuki et al.
`8/1987 Gavrilovich
`8/1987 Liptak, Jr. et al.
`9/1987 Brown et al.
`9/1987 Robinton
`10/1987 Annunziata ct al.
`10/1987 Oliva et al.
`12/1987 Kuo
`1/1988 Graham
`1/1988 Akano
`2/1988 Jones et al.
`3/1988 Fields
`3/1988 Sterling, Jr. et al.
`3/1988 Watkins
`3/1988 Bonnet et al.
`3/1988 Gilbert
`3/1988 Puvogel
`4/1988 McMurtr"y et al.
`4/1988 Ito el al.
`5/1988 Teich et al.
`6/1988 Shalvi et al.
`7/1988 Pezzolo et al.
`7/1988 Puvogel
`7/1988 Berruyer et al.
`7/1988 Faulkncr
`8/1988 Oliver et al.
`9/1988 Ziegler
`
`

`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`4,779,153 A
`4,782,322
`4,782,355
`4,782.482
`4,785.812
`4,799,211
`4,813,066
`4,815,106
`4,817,106
`4,821,319
`4,823,600
`4,825,349
`4,839,886
`4,862,158
`4,864,598
`4,866.768
`4,875.223
`4.882.728
`4,884,263
`4,884,287
`4,885,563
`4,896,315
`4,901,003
`4,901,217
`4,903,006
`4,907,261
`4,916,621
`4,918,688
`4.922.503
`4.926.158
`4,935,926
`4,935,959
`4,937,811
`4,937,851
`4,942,604
`4,951,309
`4,953,055
`4,958,371
`4,961,222
`4,969,179
`4,973.954
`4,980.913
`4,991,123
`4,992,774
`4,998,275
`4,998,850
`5,003,457
`5,003,579
`5,007,858
`5,020,100
`5,020,773
`5,021,779
`5,029.201
`5.032.819
`5.032.833
`5,033,112
`5,034,723
`5,034,738
`5,034,948
`5,034,978
`5,038,782
`5,051,723
`5,055,827
`5,056,131
`5,059,782
`5.059.948
`5063.563
`5,063,585
`5,066,939
`5,066,942
`5,073,919
`5.076.763
`5,077,526
`RE33,807
`5,089,974
`
`3»T1'1>>3»3»>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
`
`10/1988 Tsubola
`11/1988 Lechneretal,
`11/1988 Sakaietal.
`11/1988 Kiatipov etal.
`11/1988 Pihletal,
`1/1989 Felkeretal.
`3/1989 Holtz ctal.
`3/1989 Proppctal.
`3/1989 Thompson
`4/1989 Middleton etal.
`4/1989 Biegeletal.
`4/1989 Mai—ee1
`6/1989 \Vuetal.
`8/1989 Keller et al.
`9/1989 Lynchetal.
`9/1989 Sinberg
`10/1989 Curtis
`11/1989 Herman
`11/1989 Suzuki
`11/1989 Joncsctal.
`12/1989 Johnson e1a1,
`1/1990 Felkeretal.
`2/1990 Clegg
`2/1990 Wilson
`2/1990 Boorngaard
`3/1990 Chapman
`4/1990 Bean etal.
`4/1990 Krause etal.
`5/1990 Leone
`5/1990 Zeigler
`6/1990 Herman
`6/1990 Markovic ctal.
`6/1990 1-larris
`6/1990 Lynch etal.
`7/1990 Smith etal.
`8/1990 Gross etal
`8/1990 Douhe1e1a1.
`9/1990 Damoci el al.
`10/1990 Johansson etal.
`11/1990 KaI1are et a1.
`11/1990 Schwarz
`12/1990 Skret
`2/199
`Casarnassirna
`2/199 McCullough
`3/199 Braunstcin ct a1.
`3/199
`Cmwell
`3/199
`Ikeietal.
`3/199
`Jones
`4/199 Dalyetal.
`5/199 Gardiner
`6/199 Tuftetal.
`6/199 Bisak
`7/199 Bindels
`7/199
`Sakuragi et a1.
`7/199
`Laporte
`7/199
`Bowling etal.
`7/199 Marnan
`7/199
`lshihara et a1.
`7/199 Mizutanietal.
`7/199 Nguyen et al.
`8/199 Gevinsetal.
`9/199
`Long elal.
`10/199
`Philipp
`10/199 Kanareetal.
`10/199
`Fukuyama
`10/199 Desrneules
`11/199
`Ikedaetal.
`11/199
`Shapiro
`11/199 Mansfield, Jr.
`11/199 Matsuo
`12/199 Hagensick
`12/199 Anastos et a1.
`12/199 Vokeyetal.
`1/1992 Abeletal.
`2/1992 Demeyer etal.
`
`US 9,049,019 B2
`Page 3
`
`57093323
`RE33,900
`511191393
`5,119,402
`5221432
`5~121~500
`5124932
`57131033
`57133005
`5236530
`5442269
`5444544
`5143144
`5162672
`5»164960
`5163170
`5279291
`5179210
`5431240
`5-139409
`57192231
`5195133
`5299049
`5200636
`5200743
`5200377
`5216704
`5222164
`5223306
`5226120
`5231375
`5235599
`5237606
`5241~160
`5243323
`5249433
`5255962
`5257237
`5260-664
`5264777
`5267233
`5270396
`5275172
`5273333
`5230251
`5235477
`5239359
`5239453
`5239461
`5297141
`5301246
`5302339
`5306956
`5311~114
`5311~513
`5313642
`5315237
`5319363
`5321372
`5323461
`5333177
`5333192
`5336-946
`5345422
`5345592
`5347225
`5351272
`5353009
`5357145
`5365515
`5368.041
`5379.441
`5,381,804
`5,384,429
`5,389,882
`5,391,932
`5,396,555
`5,406,260
`5,408,669
`
`3»>>>>>>3»>D»>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>“'1>
`
`3/1992 Braun et al.
`4/1992 Howson
`6/1992 Webber, Jr.
`6/1992 Ginzburg et al.
`6/1992 Patton
`6/1992 Arlington et al.
`6/1992 Kaku
`7/1992 Reum
`7/1992 Kcllcy ct al.
`8/1992 Vidclock ct a1,
`8/1992 Mueller
`9/1992 Jenneve et al.
`9/1992 Sutterlin et al.
`11/1992 McMahan et al.
`11/1992 Wincn et al.
`12/1992 Hartig
`1/1993 Nishikawa et al.
`1/1993 C0 schieri
`1/1993 Sakuragi et al.
`2/1993 Okuno
`3/1993 Dolin, Jr.
`3/1993 Millcr ct al.
`3/1993 Wilson
`4/1993 Lee
`4/1993 St. Martin et al.
`4/1993 Betton et al.
`6/1993 Willimns et al.
`6/1993 Bass, Sr, et al.
`6/1993 Curtis et al.
`7/1993 Brown et a1.
`7/1993 Sanders et al.
`8/1993 Nishimura et al.
`8/1993 Ziermarm
`8/1993 Bashan ct a1,
`9/1993 Lee et a1.
`9/1993 Wong et al.
`10/1993 Neuhaus et al.
`10/1993 Blumenthal et al
`1 1/1993 Graham
`1 1/1993 Smead
`11/1993 Yano et al.
`12/1993 McDonald
`1/1994 Ives
`1/1994 Myllymaki
`1/1994 Strangio
`2/1994 Lconowich
`2/1994 Zicrmarm
`2/1994 Taha
`2/1994 de Nijs
`3/1994 M21111111
`4/1994 Archibald et a1.
`4/1994 Marsh
`4/1994 Ikeda et al.
`5/1994 Sambamurthy et al.
`5/1994 Takato et al.
`5/1994 Seigel
`5/1994 Iwakura et al.
`6/1994 Wclch ct al.
`6/1994 Smith
`6/1994 R0 senbaum et a1.
`7/1994 Braitberg et a1.
`7/1994 McGi1m
`8/1994 Segzuarn et al.
`9/1994 Redwine
`9/1994 Woodmas
`9/1994 Graham
`9/1994 Abraham
`10/1994 Marsh et al.
`10/1994 Segaram
`1 1/1994 Graham
`11/1994 Shambroom
`1/1995 Watanabe et al.
`1/1995 Shambroom
`1/1995 Bulson et a1.
`2/1995 I’Anson el al.
`2/1995 Small et al,
`3/1995 Shibata ct al.
`4/1995 Cl1111l‘1‘l1l‘1gS et al.
`4/1995 Stewart et al,
`
`

`
`US 9,049,019 B2
`Page 4
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`5,414,708 A
`5,414,709
`5,420,572
`5,422,519
`5,424,710
`5,432,505
`5,438,606
`5,440,335
`5,441,520
`5,444,184
`5,444,856
`5,446,914
`5,448,565
`5,450,486
`5,451,923
`5,452,344
`5,455,467
`5.4 7.629
`5,459,283
`5,461,671
`5,4 7,061
`5,4 7,384
`5,469,437
`5,477,091
`5,483,574
`5,483,656
`5,485,488
`5,488,306
`5.491.463
`5,493,684
`5,4 7,460
`5,498,911
`5,513,370
`5,514,859
`5,515,303
`5,517,172
`5,519,882
`5,523,747
`5,526,349
`5,528,248
`5,528,507
`5,528,661
`5,531,611
`5,532,898
`5,535,336
`5,537,468
`5,540,235
`5,541,957
`5,548,466
`5,560,022
`5,560,357
`5,563,489
`5,568,525
`5,570,002
`5.572.182
`5,574,748
`5,577,023
`5,577,026
`5,578,991
`5,581,772
`5,586,054
`5,586,273
`5,594,332
`5,594,732
`5,596,473
`5.596.637
`5.608.545
`5,608,792
`5,610,593
`5,617,418
`5,623,184
`5,630,058
`5,631,570
`5,631,846
`5,635,896
`
`3»>>>3»31>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
`
`5/1995 \Vebberelal.
`5/1995 Baze
`5/1995 Do1in,.1r.eta1.
`6/1995 Russell
`6/1995 Baumann
`7/1995 Wise
`8/1995 Ccrulli
`8/1995 Bcvcridgc
`8/1995 Olsen etal.
`8/1995 llassel
`8/1995 Bowersetal.
`8/1995 Paul etal.
`9/1995 Changelal.
`9/1995 Maasetal.
`9/1995 Sebergeretal.
`9/1995 Larson
`10/1995 Youngetal.
`10/1995 Miller et al.
`10/1995 Birdwcll, Jr.
`10/1995 Sakuragictal.
`11/1995 Adenetal.
`11/1995 Skinner, sr.
`11/1995 Rilnaldlle
`12/1995 Fiorinaetal.
`1/1996 Yuvalna
`1/1996 0p}escu etal,
`1/1996 Van Brunt et a1.
`1/1996 Bonaccio
`2/1996 Sargeantetal.
`2/1996 Gephardt et a1.
`3/1996 Baileyetal.
`3/1996 Bosslorotal.
`4/1996 Paul
`5/1996 Seigel
`5/1996 Cargin,Jr.etal.
`5/1996 Chiu
`5/1996 Asano elal.
`6/1996 \Vise
`6/1996 Diaz et a1.
`6/1996 Steineretal.
`6/1996 McNamaraeta1.
`6/1996 Siuetal,
`7/1996 Reed etal.
`7/1996 Pricc
`7/1996 Srnithctal.
`7/1996 llartmann
`7/1996 \Vilso1l
`7/1996 Lnn
`8/1996 Smith
`9/1996 Dunstan elal.
`10/1996 Faupel et a1.
`10/1996 Murry
`10/1996 deNijseta1.
`10/1996 Castleman
`11/1996 De Pinho Filho et a1.
`11/1996 VandcrMcycta1.
`11/1996 Marulnetal.
`11/1996 Gordon etal.
`11/1996 Scholder
`12/1996 Nanno etal
`12/1996 Jensen etal
`12/1996 Blairelal.
`1/1997 Harman et a1.
`1/1997 Bell etal,
`1/1997 Johnson et a1.
`1/1997 Pasetti etal.
`3/1997 Kagawa
`3/1997 Laidler
`3/1997 Scto
`4/1997 Slliranietal.
`4/1997 Rector
`5/1997 Mosleyetal.
`5/1997 King
`5/1997 Szurkowski
`6/1997 Tinsleyet a1.
`
`5642.343
`5,645,434
`56491001
`5,652,479
`5651575
`5651893
`5651895
`5655077
`5659541
`5661001
`5670937
`5671354
`5675311
`5675371
`5675811
`5675813
`5678547
`5678559
`5679987
`5-684816
`5a684~950
`55686826
`5681174
`5689330
`5691917
`5696660
`5706387
`5715174
`5715-187
`5719154
`57191104
`5-741116
`5741514
`5741833
`5754764
`5756380
`5758191
`5.761.084
`5764-647
`5766133
`5768301
`5.779.196
`5781015
`5783999
`57843441
`579,0~363
`5793764
`5796185
`5796965
`5799040
`57991194
`57991196
`5.802.042
`5801305
`5805597
`5805904
`5808846
`5a810~606
`55811531
`5a814~990
`5815665
`5811868
`57828393
`5a834~941
`5835005
`5,836-785
`5838683
`5-841,103
`5841360
`5841955
`51345150
`5845.190
`5,848,149
`5,854,824
`5,854,839
`5,859,584
`5,859,596
`5,884,086
`5,896,415
`
`3»>>>>>>3»>D»>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
`
`""6
`
`6/1997 Carnpolo et a1.
`7/1997 Leung
`7/1997 Thomas (:1 al.
`7/1997 LoCascio et al.
`7/1997 Pryor et al.
`7/1997 Ben—Meir et al.
`7/1997 Poisner
`8/1997 Jones et al.
`8/1997 Boll ct al,
`9/1997 Skinner, Sr.
`9/1997 Right er a1.
`9/1997 Ito et a1.
`10/1997 McBride
`10/1 997 Barrirlger
`10/1997 Broedner el al.
`10/1997 Holmdahl
`10/1997 Faupel et a1.
`10/1997 Drakulic
`10/1997 Ogawa
`11/1997 Ratner
`11/1997 Darc ct al.
`11/1997 Kurtz ct al.
`11/1997 Edern et al,
`11/1997 Merwin et a1.
`12/1997 Rieb et al.
`12/1997 Price
`1/1998 Leimkoetter
`2/1998 Cotichini et a1.
`2/1998 Wadhawan et a1.
`3/1998 Taguchi et al.
`3/1998 Fackler et al.
`4/1998 Iwasaki et a1.
`4/1998 Bonola
`4/1998 Dca ct al.
`5/1998 Davis et a1,
`5/1998 Soora et al.
`5/1998 Pembertnn
`6/1998 Edwards
`6/1998 Riley
`6/1998 Faisandier
`6/1998 Dreyer et al.
`7/1998 Timar
`7/1998 Duffin et al.
`7/1998 Price et al.
`7/1998 Davis et a1,
`8/1998 Chaudhry
`8/1998 Bartoldus ct al.
`8/1998 Takala et al.
`8/1998 Clloi et al.
`8/1998 Lall
`8/1998 Allen (:1 al.
`8/1998 Flannery
`9/1998 Natarajan et al.
`9/1998 McKaughan et al.
`9/1998 Edem
`9/1998 Jung
`9/1998 Holce et al.
`9/1998 Ballast ct al.
`9/1998 Cheung et al.
`9/1998 Esser eta].
`9/1998 Teper et al.
`10/1998 Kllhling
`10/1998 Rickard
`11/1998 De Angelis
`11/1998 Furukawa et al.
`11/1998 Lee
`11/1998 Corley et a1.
`11/1998 Chambers et 31.
`11/1998 Binder
`12/1998 Wilkinson
`12/1998 Henion
`12/1998 Bushue et al.
`12/1998 Chen et al.
`12/1998 Bengal et al.
`12/1998 Chen el al.
`1/1999 Counsell et al.
`1/1999 McRac
`3/1999 Amoni et al.
`4/1999 Owens et al.
`
`............... .. 375/224
`
`

`
`References Cited
`
`U,S_ PATENT D()CU1\/[ENTS
`
`5,896,509 A
`559095445
`5,915_002
`5,918.016
`5,920.253
`5,920,266
`5,923,363
`5,923,663
`5,929,624
`5,929,626
`5,929_773
`5933073
`5,933,590
`5,937,033
`5,939,801
`559441659
`559441324
`5.944.831
`5,946_1g0
`5,948,077
`55949306
`55949974
`5,953,314
`59607203
`5,963,557
`5,971,804
`579911311
`5,991,335
`5.994.998
`5.995.348
`5,995,353
`6,000_003
`6,005,760
`6,009_479
`6,011,680
`6’011_794
`610111910
`610161519
`6,018,452
`65021493
`6021496
`6,031.368
`65033101
`6,033,157
`65042390
`6’044_'031
`6’047_:376
`6,049,139
`6,049,881
`6,057,670
`6,064,305
`670691399
`6,091.722
`6.092.131
`6.092.196
`65095367
`6,09-/v_y761
`6,100_471
`6,101,459
`6’103_y330
`6,111,936
`61115463
`6,121i773
`6,125,448
`6,130,894
`5,130,395
`5,134,656
`6,137,839
`6,140,911
`6,141,763
`6,144,722
`6.147.601
`6,147,603
`6,147,963
`6,154,488
`
`3»>>>3»>>>>>>>>>363»>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
`
`4/1999 Sugimolo
`6/1999 Schneider
`6/1999 Shimosako
`6/1999 Breweret 211.
`7/1999 Laine
`7/1999 Allgoodet 211.
`7/1999 Elbcrbaum
`7/1999 Bontcmpsctal.
`7/1999 Ricqe1211.
`7/19991w21s21kieta1.
`7/1999 Asaina 6131.
`3/1999 shney
`8/1999 Allen
`3/1999 Beiiows
`8/1999 Bouffard et 211.
`3/1999 Finch oi 31.
`3/1999 He
`8/1999 Pateetal.
`3/1999 Simpson
`9/1999 Choi ct 211.
`9/1999 N655 61211.
`9/1999 Ewing 6131‘
`9/1999 G211'l11111k]1i et 211.
`9/1999 01,313 61 31.
`10/1999 Eng
`10/1999 Gallagher et 211.
`11/1999 Long oi 31.
`11/1999 Chang oi 31‘
`11/1999 Fisher et :11.
`11/1999 McC211t21n et :11.
`ll/1999 Cunningham et 211.
`12/1999 A11on oi 31.
`12/1999 1.10166 6131.
`12/1999 _1oi-‘fries
`1/2000 Solleder et 211.
`1/2000 Moniowitz et 31.
`1/2000 Chano1a1_
`1/2000 Chida C1 31
`1/2000 Meyerhoefer et 211.
`2/2000 Cromei et 31.
`2/2000 Dutcher et 211.
`2/2000 Klippeletal.
`3/2000 Reddiok oi 31'
`3/2000 Bnikni
`3/2000 Lonng
`3/2000 13611 6131
`4/2000 Home
`4/2000 N21g21111'21et211.
`4/2000 Massnlan eta].
`5/2000 Sinkelal.
`5/2000 Lockyer
`5/2000 1:o1ey
`7/2000 Russell etal.
`7/2000 Caldwell et :11.
`7/2000 Reiche
`3/2000 Brandt 6131.
`3/2000 13nhringoia1i
`3/2000 izonaoho
`8/2000 T21v211121ei 6121.1.
`3/2000 Bhaiia 6131‘
`3/2000 Bieniei.
`9/2000 Do Ni(_.o1o
`9/2000 Moore
`9/2000 Schwan et al.
`10/2000 Ojard et 211.
`10/2000 Lueker e131,
`10/2000 De N1co10
`10/2000 Mannering et 211.
`10/2000 Fishcr ct 211.
`10/2000 Smith et 211.
`11/2000 Anderson et 211.
`11/2000 Sandelman et 211.
`11/2000 Rand
`11/2000 \Valker et a1.
`11/2000 Hunt
`
`US 9,049,019 B2
`Page 5
`
`wwww0:1:10:10:10:10:13:10::0:10:10:wwwwucucouwwwwwwwwwwwwoawwwwwwwwwucouoawwwwwwwwwucououwwwwwwwwwwwmoawwwwww
`
`6,157,534 A
`6,169,475
`6,169,883
`6,171,152
`61172-606
`6,175,556
`6,178,176
`611781455
`6117111453
`611731514
`611311140
`611861303
`6205-137
`612151739
`6,218,930
`6,219,216
`62221852
`6,233,613
`62331689
`6,236,625
`6,236,653
`62431394
`6,243,818
`62461743
`6,252,878
`6,253,121
`6259745
`6,272,219
`6,272,552
`6275-498
`6,278,357
`6,278,665
`62791060
`6292-901
`62951356
`6,295,569
`6,300,847
`6,301,527
`613111173
`6,314,102
`6,317,675
`6,324,268
`61329-810
`6,332,166
`613441794
`6134311174
`6,349,353
`6,351,648
`6,359,906
`6,362,909
`6,366,143
`613661208
`613661618
`61373-351
`61377-874
`6,383,076
`613341755
`613851030
`613931050
`6,393,474
`6,393,607
`6,396,391
`61393-779
`6,415,244
`6,418,332
`6,420,976
`6,449,348
`614561625
`614591175
`6,473,608
`6,480,510
`61483903
`6,496,103
`6,504,825
`6,522,151
`6,526,516
`6,529,127
`6,535,983
`6,546,494
`
`|‘Q
`
`IN)
`
`12/2000 Gallagher Ct 211.
`1/200 Browning
`1/200 Virnparietal.
`1/200 Kunz
`1/200
`Leekyei
`1/200 A11en,Jr.eta1.
`1/200 Voloshlnetal.
`1/200
`Se1iiiiieeiiil-
`1/200 Wang
`1/200 Weed
`1/200
`V9l<e_yeial1
`2/200 Gaisiile
`3/200 Aiiga
`4/200 Keeiiiiiieiiil»
`4/200 Kalzenberg 61211.
`4/200 Holce et 211.
`4/200
`Ge-iiily
`5/200 Walker et 211.
`3/200 Alleii ei e1
`5/200
`Schell et (11.
`5/200 Dalton Ct 211.
`6/200 Deng
`6/200
`bchwanetal.
`6/200 Yaiie
`6/200
`Lock1e211', Jr. et 211.
`6/200
`Cline et a1.
`7/200
`Cliaii
`8/200 De Bruycker et 211.
`8/200
`1\/[_elV1n _et 211.
`3/200
`Biseegliii ei 31
`8/200 Croushore et :11.
`8/200
`Schell et :11.
`3/200
`Liil<e ei 61
`9/200
`LYS 61 61
`9/200 De_Nie0l6
`9/200
`S111mur21 et 211.
`10/200 Gallagher 61 211.
`10/200
`But1and et a1.
`10/200
`Levin ei iil
`11/200
`Czerwicc el :11.
`11/200
`Stolzl et :11.
`11/200 Balachandran et 211.
`12/200 Reid
`12/200
`Cranford, .11‘. et al.
`2/2002 Uliieli eiiil
`2/2002 C0le_eial~
`2/2002 LCWIS Ct 211.
`2/2002 K211'2117etkoV et 211.
`3/2002 Dyke et 211.
`3/2002 Bed1'0si2111
`4/2002 Liue1_a1.
`4/2002 H9pkiiiseial-
`4/2002 Millei_
`4/2002 Deeleiie
`4/2002 Y_l<eiIia
`5/2002 Tledeken
`3/2002 Hiiyeleii
`3/2002 Beeiie
`3/2002 Liii
`5/2002 Jzlcheltetal.
`5/2002 H_11g11es et 211.
`5/2002 Blndel‘
`6/2002 Biiysseeiiil~
`7/2002 Dickens 61 a1.
`7/2002 Mastrototaro et 211.
`7/2002 Baggs et 211.
`9/2002 L211_nb et 211.
`9/2002 liei
`10/2002 Poiega
`10/2002 Lehr et 211.
`11/2002 Binder
`11/2002 Itay ei al1
`12/2002 Weiss et 211.
`1/2003 Atkins et 211.
`2/2003 Armislead cl 211.
`2/2003 Ishikawa et :11.
`3/2003 Townsend ct 211.
`3/2003 McC0rn121ck et 211
`4/2003 Jackson et 211.
`
`

`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`6,571,181
`6,587.454
`6,640,308
`6,643,566
`6,658,108
`6.665.306
`6,681,013
`6,701,443
`6,744,831
`6,744,888
`6,753,671
`6,762,675
`6,795.493
`6,889,095
`7,116,779
`7,158,483
`7,275.z55
`
`5/2003
`7/2003
`10/2003
`11/2003
`12/2003
`12/2003
`1/2004
`3/2004
`6/2004
`6/2004
`6/2004
`7/2004
`9/2004
`5/2005
`10/2006
`1/2007
`9/2007
`
`Rakshani et al.
`Lamb
`Kcyghobad et al.
`Lel1r et al.
`Bissell et a1.
`Thakur et al.
`Miyamoto
`Bell
`Chan
`El—Kik et a1.
`Harvey
`Cafiero et al.
`Huang
`Eidson et al.
`Meyerhoefer et al.
`Takabatake et al.
`Suda et al.
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`US 9,049,019 B2
`Page 6
`
`VVO
`VVO
`VVO
`VVO
`VVO
`VVO
`
`VVO-9629638 A1
`VVO-9628940 A3
`VVO-9628920 A3
`VVO-9709667 A1
`VVO-9857248 A2
`VVO—9934591 A1
`
`9/1996
`11/1996
`12/1996
`3/1997
`12/1998
`7/1999
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`“100 Mb/s data Transmission on UTP and STP Cabling for Demand
`Priority Networks” (By Hewlett Packard, HP Laboratories Bristol,
`HPL—94—88, Oct. 1994).
`“ 100 Years ofBell Telephones” { Book} (Author: Richard Mountj oy,
`A Schiffer Book, 1995).
`“$500 Per Seat ATM?” (Business Communications Review, Jan.
`1995).
`AccessHub Line Unit13 Model MMH—220 by PairGain Technolo-
`gies, I_nc.—Rev. 01. (Jul. 30, 1997), 20 pages.
`Adtran Model Adtran D448 U—BR1TE II ISDN 2B 1Q Interface for
`Alcatel D448 Channel Banks Installation/Maintenance—Section
`61430020L2—5—Issue 1, (Jul. 1997), 7 pages.
`Advanced Micro Devices, Inc., Chipcom Corporation, Digital Equip-
`ment Corporation, Motorola Inc., and SynOptics Communications,
`Inc., “Shielded Twisted Pair Proposal for the TP-PMD Working
`Group” (Jun. 1991).
`Advanced Micro Devices, “Implementing FDDI Over Copper—The
`ANSI X3T9.5 Standard—Application Note”, Pub. #18258, Rev. A
`(Nov. 1993).
`Advertisement for VVatcl1dog Network Monitor, LAN Magazine, vol.
`5, No. 6, (Jun. 1990), 5 pages.
`“Alternate Copper Media for FDDI” by Chipcom Corporation, [33
`pages] (Jun. 1990).
`AMD, Chipcom, DEC, IBM, Motorola, SynOptics, “STP Proposal—
`Introduction”, (_Oct. 15, 1991).
`AMD, Chipcom, DEC. IBM, Motorola and SynOptics, “Wire Fault
`Detect Function”, ANSI X3T9.2 FDDI TP-PMD Working Group,
`(Oct. 15, 1991).
`AMD, Chipcom, Digital, IBM, Motorola and Sy110ptics, “Report on
`Action Item to Merge STP-PMD Proposals”. (Aug. 20, 1991).
`An Interoperable Solution for FDDI Signaling Over Shielded
`Twisted Pair, Advanced Micro Devices, Inc., (May 21, 1990). 9
`pages.
`An Interoperable Solution for FDDI Signaling Over Shielded
`Twisted Pair, Advanced Micro Devices, (May 21,1991), 25 pages.
`Anonymous, “Theft Detection Means for Use with Coaxial Cables,”
`(Undated), 1 page.
`“ANSI/IEEE 802.4-l99O”—“II1formation processing systems—Lo-
`cal area networks—Pa1t 4: Token—passing bus access method and
`physical layer specifications” (1990).
`“ANSI/IEEE Std 802.2”—“IEEE Standard for Information technol-
`ogy—Telecommunications and information exchange between sys-
`ten1s—Local a11d metropolitan area networks—Specific require-
`ments—Part 2: Logical Link Control” (1998 Edition).
`“ANSI/IEEE Std 802.5-l985—ISO/DP 8802/5—I_ocal area Nct-
`works—ANSI/IEEE Standard ISO Draft Propo sal—Token Ring
`Access Method" (1985).
`“ANSI/lJ:'J:l:' Std 802.5-1998E—lnformation technology—'l'ele-
`communications and information exchange between systems—Lo-
`cal and metropolitan area networks
`Specific requirements Part 5:
`Token ring access method and Physical Layer specifications” (1998).
`“ANSI INCITS 229-1994 (R1999)”—“for Information Systems—
`Fibre Distributed Data Interface (FDDI)—Station Management
`(SMT)” (1994).
`“ANSI X3. 166-1990”—“for Information Systems”—“Fibre Distrib-
`uted Data Interface (FDDI)—Token Ring Physical Layer Medium
`Dependent (PMD)” (1990).
`“ANSI X3 . 166- 1 990"—“for Information Technology”—“Fibre Dis-
`tributed Data lnterface (1-'DJ_)l)—'l'oken Ring Twisted Pair Physical
`Layer Medium Dependent (TP-PMD)” (1990).
`“ANSI X3.263—1995”
`“for Information Technology” Fibre Dis-
`tributed Data Interface (FDl')I)—Token Ring Twisted Pair Physical
`Layer Medium Dependent (TP-PMD) (1995).
`
`996
`997
`990
`992
`993
`983
`986
`990
`990
`991
`995
`995
`997
`2003
`993
`992
`985
`988
`988
`989
`989
`990
`990
`991
`992
`992
`992
`993
`993
`994
`994
`994
`994
`994
`995
`996
`996
`996
`996
`996
`996
`997
`997
`997
`997
`998
`998
`998
`998
`990
`992
`993
`996
`996
`
`\DOOI\J®©LaJl\J>—‘>—‘I\J>—‘®O\I\J>—t®OOJ>>—t>—‘\C\.DOOkoJ>—tO\>—I\JC'\>—€\U2kM®>—koJ>—OOKJ1JAU1D‘\l\JI\JkM\.DUJ|\)>—t()IOO©U1l\J
`
`\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
`
`1117614 .
`1150359 .
`3907652
`4203304 .
`4138065 .
`0093095 .
`0093095 .
`0357482 .
`0386659 .
`0415312 .
`0639916 .
`06939916
`0584447
`0852018
`2682843
`2249919
`60164289 .
`63018741 .
`63059144 .
`1016053 .
`1160198 .
`2087762 .
`02226836 .
`3143130
`4020192 .
`4180430 .
`04358493
`05012576 .
`5150854 .
`06012579 .
`06075652 .
`06216913 .
`06261041 .
`H6244893
`07007517 .
`08008903 .
`08096900 .
`H8204782
`08265727 .
`H8307476
`08322164 .
`09153905 .
`09275387 .
`9305508 .
`09325927 .
`10013576 .
`1998013576 .
`10041964
`10066110
`900007034
`VVO-9217968 .
`VVO-9302510
`VVO-9623377 .
`VVO-9627967 .
`
`EP
`EP
`EP
`EP
`FR
`GB
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`KR
`W0
`
`
`
`>—->—>—->—->—->—->—->—->—->—-
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`
`US 9,049,019 B2
`Page 7
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`(DSLAM),” by
`
`Computerworld. “Vendors Back Next-Generation FDDI; Unshielded
`Twisted-Pair Products for High—Speed Nets Leapfrog Draft Stan-
`dard” (May 3, 1993).
`Cook, John, “Line Codes for FDDI Over Copper” BT Laboratories,
`Copper Access Systems Section (Date Unknown).
`“Copper Cable with HDSL”—A Technology Brief from PairGain
`Technologies. Inc.. (Date Unknown), 5 pages.
`Crescendo Communications, Mazzola, Mario; “A Proposal for a
`Low—Cost FDDI UTP/STP PMD Standard" (Oct. 15, 1991).
`CSN. “Hub Makers Seek FDDI Link” (Oct. 14, I991).
`“Daisy-Chain Ethernet” (BYTE Jan. 1995).
`Darrow, Barbara, “Chipcom LAN Concentrator Spans Multiple Pro-
`tocols, Cabling Schemes”, Info World, (Jan. 29, 1990).
`“Data Cabling—Still in the Melting Pot?” (by The Cabling Partner-
`ship) (Jul. 21, 1998).
`Data Communications—McGraw-Hill’s Technology Magazine for
`Network Managers: “Multivendor token ring networks coming of
`age” [5 pages] (Nov. 21, 1989).
`“Data Net” (Electronic News, Jan. 23, 1993).
`DEC Concentrator 500 (Technical Description), Jul. 1992.
`Design of a Twisted Pair Cable for A 1'oken Passing Local Area
`Network (Intl. Wire & Cable Symposium Proceedings) By Paul
`Abramson
`IBM Corporation [3 pages] (1983).
`Digital Equipment Corporation, Intel Corporation andXerox Corpo-
`ration, “The Ethernet, A Local Area Network, Data Link Layer and
`Physical Layer Specifications” (Version 1.0, pp. 53-57, Sep. 30,
`1980).
`“Digital Subscriber Line,” (Jun. 1999), Cisco—Internet Technology
`Overview, Chapter 15, pp. 15-1-15-12.
`“Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer
`Freescale Semiconductor, (Dec. 2004), 4 pages.
`“Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM),” (Date
`Unknown), The International Engineering Consortium. 20 pages.
`Dixon. Roy C.. “Lore of the Token Ring”. IEEE Network Magazine.
`(Jan. 1987,vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 11-38).
`Dixon, R.C .; Strole, N.C .; Markov, J.D., “A Token-Ring Network for
`Local Data Communications”. IBM Systems Journal. vol. 22. Nos.
`1/2, (1983).
`“DSLAM: Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer,” (Date
`Unknown), NetworkDictionary, 1 page.
`“EIA Interim Standard Onmibus Specification—Local Area Net-
`work Twisted Pair Data Communications Cable—NQ-EINIS-43”
`(EIA, Sep. 1987).
`E A’TIA 568 Standard. “Commercial Building Telecommunications
`Wiring Standard," Jul. 1991.
`, A/TIA Bulletin, TSB-36. “Technical Systems Bulletin Additional
`Cable Specifications for Unshielded Twisted Pair Cables," Nov.
`1991.
`, A/TIA Bulletin, TSB40, “Additional Transmission Specifications
`for Unshielded Twisted Pair Connecting Hardware,” Aug. 1992.
`E ectronic Design, “FDDI Rides Twisted Pair to the Desktop” (Sep.
`16, 1993).
`E ectronic Engineering Times. “Startups Launch Twisted-Pair Net-
`works” (May 4, 1992).
`E ectronic Industries Association. “Interface Between Data Terminal
`Equipment and Data Communication Equipment Employing Serial
`Binary Dam Interchange” EIA Standard, EIA-232-C (Aug. 1969).
`E ectronic Industries Association, “Electrical Characteristics ofBal-
`anced Voltage Digital Interface Circuits” EIA Standard. RS-422
`(Apr. 1975).
`E ectronic Industries Association, “Smndard for Electrical Charac-
`teristics of Generators and Receivers for Use in Balanced Digiml
`Multipoint Systems” EIA Standard. EIA-485 (Apr 1983).
`E ectronic News, “Firms Agree on Twisted Pair Fast Data” (May 18,
`1992).
`Entertainment Services and Technology Association (ESTA)—Rec-
`ommended Practice for Ethernet Cabling Systems in Entertainment
`Lighting Applications [44 pages] (1996).
`“E/O Networks aims to bring ‘fiber to the farm’” (Electronic Engi-
`neering Times. Mar. 6. 1995).
`EtherPhone 220 I.ineUnit—Model EPII-220—PairGain—Revision
`History of This Practice—Rev. 1, (Nov. 1, 1997), 80 pages.
`
`“A proposal for a Low—Cost FDDI UTP/STP PMD Standard” by
`Mario Mazzola, Crescendo Communications [31 pages] (Oct. 15,
`1991).
`“ATM: Ready for I.ift-Off’ (Information VVeek, Feb. 6, 1995).
`“ATM takes to twisted-pair” (Electronic Engineering Times, Dec. 19,
`1994).
`“ATM to run over copper wire” (Computer World, Jan. 23. 1995).
`“Attachment Module Guide for the IBM Token-Ring Network,”
`IBM. Apr. 1992.
`Avaya, “Merlin Magix Integrated System—Installation Release 3.0
`and Earlier,” 555-730-140, Issue 1, May 2003, 329 pages.
`“AT&T Merlin Phones,” (Web Document), 3 pages.
`A1'&‘1', “Merlin Plus Communications System—'1'raining Manual,”
`Dec. 1986, 999-505-144, Issue 1, 80 pages.
`AT&T, “Merlin Plus Communications System—System Planner,”
`Sep. 1988, 999-501-141. Issue 1, 18 pages.
`System—Release
`AT&T,
`“Merlin
`Plus
`Communications
`1 Customization Chart.” Nov. 1988. 999-503-146. Issue 1. 6pages.
`“AT&T Merlin” (Wikipedia—VVeb Document), 3 pages.
`AT&T Technologies, “Telecommunications Transmission Engineer-
`ing”, vol. 1, Principles (1975).
`Avaya Communication, “Intuity Messaging Solutions Release 5 Inte-
`gration with Merlin Legend and Merlin Magix Communications
`Systems," Jan. 2001, 585-310-748, Issue 2, Chapter 4, pp. 4-1-4-29.
`Bay Networks Public Information, “LattisNet (Pre-10Base'1' Versus
`10BaseT”. Technical Response Center, Technical Tip (Date
`Unknown).
`“Bear Stems New Age Media II” (by Cliff Friedman) {Date
`Unknown}.
`Bradley, et al., “Track Devices on a Mac Network,” The Local Area
`Network Magazine 7.n9. p. 162(1), (Sep. 1992).
`Bradley, et al., “Unix-based Tracking Software,” The Local Area
`Network Magazine 7.n9. p. 162(2), (Sep. 1992).
`“Broadband to Homes” (Interactive Age, Dec. 12, 1994).
`“Cards to Handle Fast ATM on Standard Wire" (Communications
`Week, Nov. 14, 1994).
`Chapter I LattisNet Operation. Ethernet Connectivity Guide, 145
`pages.
`“Cheap transceivers vault Tut
`(MacWeek. Dec. 12, 1994).
`Chipcom Corporation. “FDDI An Introduction to Fiber Distributed
`Data Interface” (Date Unknown).
`Chipcom, “Jan. 1992—FDDI Product Direction—FDDI Connectiv-
`ity” (Jan. 1992).
`Chipcom Corporation, “Online FDDI Media Modules Release
`Notes” (Apr. 14, 1994).
`Cisco For All—“What is DSL and its Different Flavors?” (Date
`Unknown), 3 pages.
`“Cisco System backs proposed specification for FDDI over shielded
`twisted-pair” by Business Wire (May 22, 1991) and “News & Analy-
`sis FDDI Over STP? Sounds Great, But Where Is It?” by Laura Didio
`from LAN Times (Jun. 3. 1991) [1 page].
`Closeup Article—TheI AN Inner Circle [15 pages] (Mar. 25, I985).
`Coilcraft, “10 Base T Transformers—Dual Transformer Package”
`(Jun. 1989).
`Colin, et al., “Testing the LAN Testers,” Network World, (Sep. 10,
`1990), pp. 39-40. 44-45, 48, 74.
`Communications Week, “Crescendo Preps PC CDD1 Card” (Oct. 26,
`1992).
`Communication Week Article: “FDDI Spec Consortium" [2 pages]
`(May 27, 1991).
`“ComNet focuses on routing, ATM” (PC \Veek. Jan. 23, 1995).
`“Companies Cooperate to Publish Open Specification for FDDI on
`Shielded Twisted Pair Cable”—“Five