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`IJSOU7253732B2
`
`(12) United States Patent
`Osann, Jr.
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45; Date of Patent:
`
`US 7,253,732 B2
`Aug. 7, 2007
`
`340-‘S41
`.... .. 3451-I54
`.... .. 340541
`348-"163
`.... .. 340-‘S65
`340505
`.... .. 348-"153
`. . . . .. 343.155
`4555569
`
`
`
`
`..
`
`8-"I996 Zclunieh
`8-"1997 Tapp
`12.51998 Hess
`931999 Kat: ctal.
`10.-"1999 Baxter
`ll-"2001
`'|'h0mason ..
`7.-"2{ltJ2 Wen
`3-‘"2002 Xin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`1.52003
`.\-ienarti el al.
`
`(54)
`
`(76)
`
`HOME INTRUSION (I().\'FRONTA'l‘I0.‘N'
`AVOIDANC E SYSTEM
`
`Inventor: Robert Osann, J12. 10494 A1111 Arbor
`Ave“ (.'uperlino. (‘A (US) 15014
`
`(* }
`
`Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer. the term olthis
`patent is extended or acljustetl under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 152 days.
`
`5.546.071 A "’
`5.657.076 A "‘
`5.850.180 A "‘
`5.955.081 A '1'
`5.066.074 A *‘
`6.317.039 131 '1‘
`6.424.371 131*
`6.429.893 B1 "'
`200350013503 A1 '1’
`
`(21)
`
`Appl. No.:
`
`ll!tIl}6,263
`
`(22)
`
`Filed:
`
`Dec. 7. 2004
`
`(65)
`
`(63)
`
`(51)
`
`(52)
`
`(53)
`
`(56)
`
`Prior Publication Data
`
`US 200510184867 Al
`
`Aug. 25. 2005
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`
`CIo11lirtttation-in-part of application No. 093949.551.
`filed on Sep. 10. 2001. now Pat. No. 6.993.417.
`
`Int. Cl.
`G083 I3/‘fit’?
`U.S. Cl.
`
`(20n(..01 )
`3401541: 34041539.] 6; 340539.25;
`348.5143: 348E152: 348E153
`Field of Classification Search
`340539.25.
`340539.16, 539.18. 539.14. 541: 3483143.
`34811152. 153. 154. 155
`See application file For complete search history.
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`'9‘ cited by examiner
`
`Jeffery I'1ol'sass
`1’r.51m1r_1-' {5'.m:111'r1er-
`.rts.9istar:t E.\‘cwu‘m»r-—Ed11y Labbees
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`A system is described that enables the user to deal with an
`intrusion into their
`l1on1e witl1o11t having to personally
`co11li‘onl the i11trttder. (iive11 the night-ti111e nature ol‘ many
`intruder events. a display and control unit is disclosed that
`is suitable for residing on a bedside table. typically in the
`Master Bedroom. performing a remote viewing and control
`function. Various locations within the particular home are
`represented by buttons such that the user can easily choose
`the 1ocatior1[s) to be viewed and can verify. among other
`things,
`the presence 01‘ an i11truder. Motion detection is
`various rooms may be included and viewing can be
`enhanced by lights controlled from this unit. User interface
`lealttres are included that are simple to operate when the user
`is l1alt'-awake. Surveillance and control feattlres may be
`combined with common bedside appliance functions includ-
`ing a clock-radio. 21 television. or a telephone.
`
`4.166.273 A “‘
`
`8.-‘"1979 Riley etal.
`
`340539.16
`
`1‘? Claims, 35 D1-awlng Sheets
`
`Home/PC/Internet Connectivity
`
`
`
`P011004
`
`1
`
`POI 1004
`
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`U.S. Patent
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`US ?,253,732 B2
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`1
`HOME INTRUSION CONFRONTATION
`AVOIl)AN(L’E SYSTEM
`
`CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED
`.»\Pl-‘l.lCA'l'I()NS AND DO(.TUMl‘iN'l"S
`
`This application is a Continuation—In—Part of US. Utility
`patent application Ser. No. 09r‘949.55l filed Sep. 10. 2001
`now US. Pat. No. 6.993.417, and originally entitled “Energy
`Smart Home System", commonly assigned with the present
`invention and incorporated herein by reference.
`This application is also based on Disclosure Document
`Ser. No. 533894 filed on Dec. 10. 2002 under the USPTO
`Disclosure Document Program, entitled “Video Security and
`Power Control System". incorporated by reference herein. A
`separate transmittal
`letter requesting that
`tl1is Disclosure
`Document be retained has been filed with this application.
`
`FIEILD OF Tl-Ili ll\lV'l.'iNTION
`
`This invention generally relates to the field of electronic
`systems for homes and buildings_.
`including systems for
`home networking. home energy and appliance controls. and
`home securityfsttrveillatice systems, with special emphasis
`on energy monitoring, feedback and proliling. and in par-
`ticular. the use of electrical junction boxes for purposes they
`do not normally perform. Although many of the features of
`this invention will be described in relation to a residential
`home environment, it is understood that they are generally
`applicable to many office and industrial building applica-
`tions as well.
`
`BACKGROUND
`
`Many products have been introduced over the last 25
`years for controlling electrical and electronic devices and
`appliances within homes and buildings. It is well known to
`use a variety of communications mediums to enable this
`control (power lines. phone lines. and purpose built network
`connectivity such as cabled Ethernet or wireless networks}.
`More recently,
`it
`is known to extend this control
`to
`connection via the Internet allowing a further degee of
`remote control and communication. In addition. surveillance
`capabilities have been added by using video cameras that
`can transmit
`images to monitors in other parts of the
`liomefbuilding as well as supplying these images to remote
`locations via the Internet. Also,
`there is discussion that
`future home and building appliances [washing machines.
`refrigerators. etc.) will connect to the Internet such that they
`can coniniunicate over the Internet directly. Among other
`possible remote interactions, they can comrnuriicate their
`condition and signal the need for service before breakdowns
`occur. as well as enable diagnostics to be performed
`remotely via the Internet.
`The move toward home and building automation has not
`necessarily been prioritized according to how the general
`public accepts new thjngs—especially in light of the fact
`that old habits are hard to break regarding how one deals
`with power consuming devices in homes and buildings.
`While most people may not be ready to have their lights and
`appliances controlled automatically. there are other motiva-
`tions that may move them toward installing a homelbuilding
`monitoring and control system:
`Saving money given increasing energy costs
`Securitytsurveillancer‘Remote Care
`The pervasive nature of home networking and Internet
`connectivity
`Expansion of home entertainment capabilities
`
`2
`
`Interaction of Monitoring;‘Feedback with Automated and
`Manual Control
`
`is extremely critical in the
`The psychological element
`adoption rate of any system involving monitoring andfor
`control. Letting a computer Control one’s liornefbuilding
`appliances that in the past were controlled manually. is a
`sensitive issue. A monitoring and feedback system is much
`less disturbing or threatening. bttt for users who wish to add
`some amount of automatic control, there must be a carefully
`planned interaction between the two. It is not uncommon for
`sortie lights in homes. and especially in oliice buildings. to
`be controlled by circuits containing motion detectors. Invari-
`ably, there are occurrences where the motion detector causes
`the lights to be shut olfat the wrong time. This can easily get
`annoying since, as is C0]]1l11t‘J11.ly known. it takes a multitude
`of positive interactions to overcome the emotional eflect of
`a single negative interaction.
`Alternately. let’s say that there exists a local PC (Personal
`Computer} running software for home automation and con-
`trol. and a centrally controlled light switch that
`is pro-
`gratnmed to shut (ill at 1:00 AM regardless of switch
`position to ensure that it is not left on all night accidentally.
`Now. let’s say the user has stayed up late and is in the
`room with this switch. At the programmed time. the auto-
`matic control system will shut oil‘ the power at the switch.
`(It may signal the user some time prior to shutting oil‘ by
`flashing the lights). To prevent the switch in question from
`causing the user great aggravation. it must have the ability
`to override the auto shutoff event. If the switch has a transmit
`capability such as that described below for EMAC‘ (Energy
`Monitoring And Control) points. the user could. for instance,
`toggle the switch or push a mode button alter the flashing
`wanting (or if the light has turned off already). and that
`action would be transtnitted back to the central controlling
`PC to allow a revised scenario to occur. liven if the override
`can be performed locally without interaction with the central
`PC _. it is useful to transmit back to the central PC that the
`event has happened to aid in avoiding similar user aggra-
`vation in the future. For instance. the central control system
`could “learn" and. in this case. delay the auto shutoff of that
`particular light switch until 1:00 AM or later, or switch to a
`motion detector-controlled mode after 1:00.
`The most common fllecllanisrn today for controlling lights
`is based on motion detectors incorporated into the control-
`ling switch assembly or alternately incorporated into the
`light socket assembly. These work fairly well
`in some
`circurnstances-—especially in spaces where people seldom
`go such as attics and closets. However, in primary living
`areas. they can often cause a negative interaction with the
`user. I3 or instance. the inventor installed a light switch with
`motion detector at the entry to his living room. Unfortu-
`nately. the detector’s range does not cover the entire room_.
`thus occasionally leaving the inventor “in the dark". Were
`there a multitude of motion detector; scattered around this
`
`same room—cormntu1icating through a data communica-
`tions link such that the light control circuit was guided in a
`more informed manner (as described later in this inven-
`tion} the inventor would be more positively illtuninated.
`
`Interaction of Monjtoriiigil-‘eedback with AudioNidoo
`Functionality
`Although this invention deals primarily with energy use.
`monitoring. feedback. and control, the overall system in a
`given home or building may also deal with the distribution
`and control of multi—1nedia information including audio and
`video. Over time_.
`the communications link between the
`IZIVL-‘KC points of this invention and the central controlling
`device [usually a PC.‘ or Residential Gateway}. will have
`
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`US ?,253,732 B2
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`more and more bandwidth capability, such that this link also
`becomes the primary means for distributing digital multi-
`media information throughout the home or building. Thus.
`there will be a coexistence, if not a functional link. between
`the elements of this invention focused on energy monitoring.
`feedback, and control, and elements focused on audiofvideo
`integration and control. This transmission of audiofvideo
`information can be for communications. security. or enter-
`tainment purposes.
`
`No Feedback on Energy Consumption
`At
`the time of this writing, energy costs have risen
`substantially and are likely to continue to do so. One of the
`lirsl. and most important pfflbltlllls consumers are faced with
`is knowing exactly where. and how much power is being
`consumed in specific arcasfappliances in their homes and
`buildings. Today's home and building automation systems
`are much more focused on controlling than on providing
`energy usage feedback. Meanwhile. the typical occupant
`may have little or no idea of where the energy is actually
`being consumed.
`
`Simplistic Control ofHeating and Cooling Systems based on
`Limited information
`
`'l'oday’s typical control system for heating and cooling,
`the traditional tltermostat. does not take advantage of net-
`worked eonnectivity and the information gathering that it
`affords. thereby missing the opportunity to provide a much
`more comfortable and energy eflicient thermal enviroiunent.
`Even today’s ‘‘programmable‘’ thermostat observes only the
`temperature at it‘ s own location. It is therefore very common
`for rooms or oliices not containing the thermostat to be
`overheated or overcooled. Such rooms or ofiices waste
`
`energy if they are not occupied. or make the occupants
`ttticomtorlable if they are occupied.
`
`Security Systems
`The International Association of Chiefs of Police esti-
`mates that between 95% and 98% ofall home-alarm calls are
`
`false. costing police departments nationwide about $600
`million a year. If a Security Company, or the Police. could
`remotely view the interior ofthe home or building where the
`alarm has just been activated, most of this money could be
`saved. Security companies olfcr video surveillance, bttt the
`systems are complex and expensive a11d 11ot easily adapted
`to existing homes without extensive additional wiring and
`adding provisions for mounting and powering the video
`cameras.
`
`Intruder Confrontation Avoidance
`Hundreds of innocent people are killed every year
`because they confronted an intruder in their home. The
`occupant may have owned a gun—the intruder may have
`carried one—either way, the result was the same. I-Iundrcds
`more are killed accidentally by friends and relatives because
`they are assumed to be intruders. Most of these instances
`could have been avoided if the “Security QuickV:ew" tech-
`nology described herein had been available that was easy to
`use, given the occupant is probably in bed and only half-
`awake.
`Conventional security systems don’t avoid confrontation
`When a conventional alarm is set off, the occupant needs to
`decide whether the alarm is false or not. If false. they need
`to call
`their security service provider to prevent police
`dispatch and possible false alarm fees. The result is that they
`walk about the house checking for an intruder. So much for
`safety.
`Some security systems have integrated the security con-
`trol pancl
`into a “smart home" control center,
`typically
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`centrally located in the home (usually in a hallway near a
`primary entrance or in the kitchen). and sometimes includ-
`ing video surveillance capability. Unfortunately. these sys-
`tems don‘t help when the occupant
`is awakened in the
`middle of the night.
`liilher the alarm
`Most confrontations happen at night.
`goes olf or the occupant is awakened by a noise. Either way,
`the occupant is in their bed in the master bedroom and is
`groggy tmd barely awake. liven the brightest persons don't
`think clearly at moments like these. Absolute “push-button"
`simplicity is required to enable a quick and accurate decision
`to be made. If there is a suspected intruder. there should be
`a direct way to call 91] and also confirm the intrusion with
`the security service provider. lt may be also desirable that an
`intercom is available to broadcast a message to the intruder
`that the police have been informed and that they should
`leave immediately.
`
`SUMMARY
`
`the home system described in this invention
`Overall,
`relates to the energy distribution systems in a home or
`building. Much of the uniqueness in this invention deals
`with the combining of diverse functionalities that heretofore
`have not been combined in similar ways. Althougli
`the
`digital comrnunications networks or links described in this
`invention are typically based on eoninlunication by sending
`signals through existing electrical power wiring (hence the
`term “powerline cominunications"). not all embodiments are
`restricted to this fonn of communications. I-Iowever. when
`powerline communication is utilized herein. the result is a
`system that uses electrical wiring for energy distribution.
`monitoring. and control as well as security. audiofvideo
`communications and entertainment. and general network
`communications such as tile transfers and Internet connec-
`
`tivity.
`1.-lnergy consumption in n1ost homesibuildings today is
`made up of both electrical power and some form ofoillgas
`based power. Some homes and buildings use electrical
`power only. This invention deals with both. although many
`of the features described can be optionally used in different
`combinations as desired by the customer.
`A primary aspect of this invention is to provide a fonn of
`“hiofeedbtick" for home and building energy consumption.
`By providing easy to understand information to consumers,
`they can adjust their usage of energy and still have nonnal
`control of their power-consuming devices—-over time tran-
`sitioning to automated control as they desire. Also. some
`specific capabilities of this invention enhance the efl'ective-
`ness ofautomated energy controls.
`lilectrical energy is
`typically consumed by devices
`attached to electrical junction boxes. These junction boxes
`are typically proliferated throughout a home or building. As
`a result.
`they become not only convenient
`locations to
`measure and display electrical power consumption-— they
`also provide a convenient means to proliferate temperature
`sensors, motion detectors, and video cameras. The same
`communications mechanism used for transmitting power-
`related data is typically used for these additional function-
`alities which aid in the enhancement of energy control (both
`thennal and electrical] while enhancing security at the same
`time.
`This invention has the following primary goals regarding
`energy feedback:
`1) Provide “instant feedback" at the point of usage.
`2) Provide electrical energy usage profiling with multi-
`dimensional graphics on a centrally located PC. or
`
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`US ?,253,732 B2
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`Residential Gateway. lnclude both spatial usage and
`usage over time. Transfer related infomration via the
`lnternet as necessary and desired.
`3) Provide thermal profiling on a centrally located PC _.
`Residential Gateway. or Smart Thermostat. Use multi-
`dimertsioiial graphics as useful or appropriate. Include
`both spatial profiling and profiling over time.
`-4) Provide more intelligent and eflicient thermal energy
`usage by combining a multi dimensional thermal pro-
`file with an enhanced and more intelligent (thennostat]
`control system for heating and cooling.
`Another object of this invention is to allow easy retrofit of
`all corllponents into existing homesfbtlildings with tnittimal
`or no modification to the htirliefbuilding or special skills
`required on the part of the installer. This goal
`is greatly
`facilitated by attachment to and communications through
`existing electrical junction boxes.
`Another object of this invention is to provide integration
`of the energy feedback and profiling mechanisms with
`various known andfor new types of control mechanisms.
`A llornefbuilding system according to this inve11tio11 pro-
`vides a unique solution for energy profiling and feedback.
`while irtcluding network connectivity. energy control. sur-
`veillance. corrununications. and entertainment functionality
`as deemed necessary. uselirl. or desired. This invention
`essentially creates a “bio-feedback" mechanism for energy
`use_. covering both electrical and themral energy. through a
`system a.rchitecttu'e that enables a more thorough and broad-
`based gathering of energy related information. This infor-
`mation is used by the occupant to allow manual control of
`power consumption in a more informed and eliective man-
`ner. and also to allow either partial or fully automatic control
`of energy consumption to be more efi'ectively performed as
`well.
`
`For the nrost part. this invention takes advantage of the
`pervasiveness of electrical junction boxes. typically imple-
`menting power plug outlets and the wall switches. within
`any home or building. These become convenient locations
`for installing what are called EMAC [Energy Monitoring
`And Control) points. As explained later. an IEMAC point will
`typically contain one or more forms of energy sensor. often
`containing both electrical current sensors and a temperature
`sensor. Since ILMAC points typically reside at
`locations
`having convenient access to electrical power. they are nor-
`mally powered directly by this available source, and also
`typically contain a digital communications circuit that com-
`municates with the central computer. Residential Gateway.
`or other data gathering andfor controlling device via power
`line conununications. although other forms of data commu-
`nications
`such as wireless
`can be used under the right
`circumstances. This communication link then aliords a basic
`
`backbone infrastructure for network connections in general.
`EMAC points may also communicate with other EMAC
`points as appropriate.
`Thus. in an environment where network connectivity has
`not yet been made readily available (typically referring to
`the home environment). the installation of EMAC points
`creates a local network infrastructure that can be built upon
`before adding other capabilities in addition to normal com-
`puter connectivity. These include facilities for enabling
`home surveillance. security, and entertainment. Not all
`EMAC points contain a “control" capability. In some cases
`it is not appropriate due to the type of energy consuming
`device that is connected, either because it must be “on" all
`the time. or because it is already contnolled by some other
`mecltanism {for
`instance a thermostat andfor relay}, or
`
`1U
`
`3U
`
`4U
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
`because the level of power consumption is high enough to
`cause a control capability to be too expensive or inappro-
`priate.
`Wall switches for controlling lights are also convenient
`and effective locations for mounting video security cameras.
`There is usually a wall switch at the errtmrtcc to a room and
`usually it has a relatively commanding view. Tire easy
`proliferation of video cameras throughout a home or build-
`ing, by way of installation at existing junction boxes. has
`considerable security benefit. In particular, such a system
`could allow a Security Company or even the Police to view
`inside and around the home or building in the case of an
`alarm being set off, so that a “false alarm” condition can be
`determined without having to visit the location.
`A variation on the system enables the user to deal with an
`intrusion into their home without having to personally
`confront‘ the intruder. Given the night-time nature of many
`intruder events, a Display and Control console is disclosed
`that is suitable for residing on a bedside table. typically in
`the Master Bedroom, perforrning a remote viewing and
`control function. Video cameras are placed around the
`house. commonly residing at junction box locations as
`described above. Various locations within the particular
`home are represented by buttons such that the user can easily
`choose the location(s) to be viewed and can verify. among
`other things. the presence ofan intruder. Motion detection in
`various rooms may be included (again. commonly installed
`at junction boxes) which may alternately control which
`rooms are viewed, and viewing can be enhanced by lights
`controlled from the Display and Control unit, the power
`control circuits for these lights actually residing at
`the
`junction boxes that power the lights. Wireless or powerline
`comtruniications are used between junction boxes and the
`Display and Control console. User interface features are
`included that are simple to operate when the user is l1alf—
`awake. Surveillance and control features may be combined
`with common bedside appliance functions including a clock-
`radio. a television, or a telephone.
`Wall switches are also convenient locations for incorpo-
`rating intercom functionality. Wall mounted power plug
`receptacles typically have a high degree of proliferation
`within any room as a result of convention and also building
`codes. Power plug receptacles a