.
`
`.
`
`Dictionary of
`.
`-
`Occupational TltleS
`
`0'
`
`Volume |
`Fourin Edition, Revised 1991
`
`((
`?
`
`U.S. Department of Labor
`Employment and Training Administration
`1991
`
`-' “0'6"."
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.1/34)
`
`

`

`Dictionary of
`Occupational Titles
`
`Fourth Edition, Revised 1991
`
`Volume [
`
`US. Department of Labor
`Lynn Martin, Secretary
`
`Employment and Training Administration
`Roberts T. Jones
`
`Assistant Secretary of Labor
`
`US. Employment Service
`1991
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.2/34)
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.2/34)
`
`

`

`MESSAGE FROM THE SECRETARY
`
`’
`
`the Dictionary of Ot‘t'rrpmimm! Titles (DOT) has provided basic
`Since its inception,
`occupational
`information to many and varied users in both public and private sectors
`of the United States economy. This revised Fourth Edition of the DOT appears at a
`time when there is growing recognition of the need for lifetime learning. when rapid
`technoiogical change is making the jobs of current workers more complex than they
`were even a few years ago, and when timely and accurate labor market information
`is an increasingly important component of personal and corporate decision-making.
`
`Publication of this document reaffirms in the clearest way the Department‘s continuing
`commitment
`to assist jobseekers. employers. educational and training institutions, re-
`searchers. and other interested parties with the most current and accurate occupational
`information pessible.
`1 hope that publication of this revised Fourth Edition will con-
`stitute a public service as timely and valuable as was publication of its predecessor
`volumes.
`
`
`
`LYNN MARTIN
`Secretary of Labor
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.3/34)
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.3/34)
`
`

`

`PR EFATORY NOTE
`
`In the 14 years since the release of the Fourth Edition of the Dictionary of Occupa-
`tional Titles (DOT). the American workplace has undergone revolutionary change. The
`skills most in demand are not what they were 14 years ago; educational requirements
`have steadily increased. Too many of America‘s young people are entering the world
`of work inadequately prepared. The resulting dislocation—the so—called “skills gap"—
`presents those of us who prepare, hire or support American workers with a serious
`challenge.
`
`The revised Fourth Edition of the DOT is an important part of the Department of La-
`bor‘s response.
`It provides an updated picture of the occupations for which America‘s
`workforce must he prepared.
`[t details the tasks to be performed and the levels of edu—
`cation that must be achieved. The DOT offers a starting place from which to address
`isSues of training and education, career guidance and employment counseling, job defi—
`nition and wage restructtu‘ing.
`
`We in ETA are pleased to present the revised Fourth Edition DOT. We hope that this
`update will make it an even more valuable reference for its substantial body of readers.
`
`wax
`
`ROBERTS T. JONES
`
`Assistant Secretary
`for Employment and Training
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.4/34)
`\r’
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.4/34)
`
`

`

`FOREWORD
`
`The Dictionary of Ocettpattonnt Tides {DOT} has been. since 1939. a vital part of the
`USES commitment to collect and disseminate occupational data that is comprehensive.
`up—to—date, and economically useful. This revision of the Fourth Edition culminates a
`decade of research and verification by more than 40 job analysts at five Occupational
`Analysis centers across the Nation and reflects the changing skills, knowledges and
`abilities of the American workforce.
`
`this revised Fourth Edition provides a wide range of
`As was true of earlier versions,
`occupational information with application to job placement, occupational research. ca-
`reer guidance.
`labor-market
`information. curriculum development and long-range job
`planning. Data from the 1982 and 1986 DOT Supplements and part of the data from
`Selected Characteristics of Occupations Defined in the DOT are included in and super-
`seded by this revision.
`
`The revision has enhanced information contained in the occupational definitions in re-
`sponse to user feedback. A number of new occupations have aiso been added that were
`originally identified by DOT users and given temporary codes and titles under the Oc-
`cupational Code Request program. We thank previous users for these improvements.
`We hope that users of this revised Fourth Edition will continue to help us keep the
`DOT up to date.
`
`W61.W
`
`ROBERT A. SCl-IAERFL
`Director
`
`U. 8. Employment Service
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.5/34)
`vii
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.5/34)
`
`

`

`ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
`
`The revised fourth edition of the Dictionary of 0(.‘t'It,-'Jflff0flaf Titles was produced by
`the US. Employment Service under the direction of Robert A. Schaei'fl, Director. The
`Occupational Analysis Program was directed by Clay Cottrell, Chief, Division of Plan-
`ning and Operations. Coordination and technical supervision of the data collection ef-
`fort was directed by John Hawk, Personnel Research Psychologist, with additional
`technical planning and support from Russ Kile of the 0A unit.
`
`The new data for this edition were developed through the efforts of the following Oc—
`cupational Analysis Field Centers, operated through the State Employment Services:
`Boston, Massachusetts, Paul Cleary, Supervisor; Detroit, Michigan, Tom Kearney, Su-
`pervisor; St. Louis, Missouri, Doris Phelan. Supervisor; Raleigh, North Carolina; and
`Salt Lake City, Utah, Barbara Smith, Supervisor. Grateful acknowledgement
`is also
`made for the contribution of Jerome Stevens. former Supervisor of the Missouri Field
`Center.
`
`The North Carolina Occupational Analysis Field Center served a pivotal role in the
`planning, collection, preparation. and technical review of data for this revised edition,
`as well as its computerization and publication. Special recognition is due the staff of
`that center,
`including Mike Swaim, Bruce Paige, Larry Patterson, and Sammie
`Batchelor, and to their Supervisor, Stanley Rose.
`
`Space does not permit a listing of their names, but grateful acknowledgement is also
`given to those associations, business firms, labor organizations, other Federal Agencies,
`and individuals whose assistance and cooperation contributed significantly to the devel—
`opment of this publication.
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.6/34)
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.6/34)
`
`

`

`CONTENTS
`
`VOLUME 1
`
`Message from the Secretary ........................................................................................
`
`Prefatory Note
`Foreword
`
`Page
`
`iii
`
`v
`vii
`
`Acknowledgments ........................................................................................................
`
`ix
`
`Special Notice .............................................................................................................. xiii
`
`Parts of the Occupational Definition ....................................................................... xvii
`
`How to Find an Occupational Title and Code
`
`Occupational Categories, Divisions, and Groups
`Master Titles and Definitions
`
`Term Titles and Definitions
`
`Occupational Definitions
`
`xxv
`
`xxix
`1
`
`3
`
`Professional. Technical. and Managerial Occupations ...........................................
`
`[3
`
`Clerical and Sales Occupations
`
`171
`
`Service Occupations ................................................................................................. 239
`
`Agricultural, Fishery, Forestry, and Related Occupations
`
`285
`
`Processing Occupations ............................................................................................ 307
`
`VOLUME 11
`
`Machine Trades Occupations
`
`513
`
`Bencllwork Occupations .......................................................................................... 683
`Structural Work
`843
`
`Miscellaneous Occupations
`
`Glossary
`
`Appendixes
`
`917
`
`993
`
`Appendix A: Revisions from the 4th Edition DOT 1003
`
`Appendix B: Explanation of Data, People, and Things 1005
`
`Appendix C: Components of the Definition Trailer 1009
`
`Appendix D: How to Use the DOT for Job Placement 1015
`
`Appendix E: Occupational Code Requests 1019
`
`Indexes
`
`Industry Index .......................................................................................................... 1023
`
`Occupational Titles Arranged by Industry Designation 102?
`
`Alphabetical Index of Occupational Titles 1225
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.7/34)
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.7/34)
`
`

`

`SPECIAL NOTICE
`
`Occupational information contained in the revised fourth edition DOT reflects jobs as
`they have been found to occur. but
`they may not coincide in every respect with the
`content of jobs as performed in particular establishments or at certain localities. DOT
`users demanding specific job requirements should supplement this data with local
`in-
`formation detailing jobs within their community.
`
`it should be noted that the U.S. Employment Service has no respon-
`In using the DOT.
`sibility for establishing appropriate wage levels for workers in the United States, or
`settling jurisdictional matters in relation to different occupations. In preparing occupa-
`tional definitions. no data were collected concerning these and related matters. There-
`fore,
`the occupational
`information in this edition cannot be regarded as determining
`standards for any aspect of the employer-employee relationship. Data contained in this
`publication should not be considered a judicial or legislative standard for wages. hours,
`or other contractual or bargaining elements.
`
`Material contained in this publication is in the public domain and may be reproduced
`fully or partially. without the permission of the Federal Government. Source credit is
`requested but not required.
`
`Comments or inquiries regarding definitions or data elements included in the revised
`fourth edition DOT are invited and should be addressed to:
`
`Mr. Stanley Rose. Supervisor
`North Carolina Occupational Analysis Field Center
`North Carolina Employment Security Commission
`Post Office Box 27625
`
`Raleigh. North Carolina 2?61]
`
`Telephone inquiries made be made by calling (919) "333-7917.
`
`Mfiflster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.8/34)
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.8/34)
`
`

`

`INTRODUCTION
`
`The Dictionary of Occupational" Titles (DOT) was developed in response to the de-
`mand of an expanding public employment service for standardized Occupational
`infor-
`mation to support job placement activities. The U.S. Employme'
`1 Service recognized
`this need in the mid—1930’s. soon after the passage of the Wagner-Peyser Act estab-
`lished a Federal—State employment service system, and initiated an occupational re-
`search program, utilizing analysts located in numerous field offices throughout
`the
`country, to collect the information required. The use of this information has expanded
`from job matching applications to various uses for employment counseling, occupa-
`tional and career guidance. and labor market information services.
`
`the public employment service system
`In order to properly match jobs and workers,
`requires that a uniform occupational
`language be used in all of its local job service
`offices. Highly trained occupational analysts must go out and collect reliable data
`which is provided to job interviewers so they may systematically compare and match
`the specifications of employer job openings with the qualifications of applicants who
`are seeking jobs through its facilities. The Occupational Analysis (0A) Program is cur—
`rently supporting job analysis activity in the states of Michigan, Missouri, Massachu—
`setts, and Utah. with North Carolina serving as the lead Field Center providing leader-
`ship and oversight.
`
`Based on the data collected by occupational analysts. the first edition of the DOT was
`published in 1939. The first edition contained approximately 17,500 concise definitions
`presented alphabetically. by title, with a coding arrangement for occupational classi—
`fication. Blocks of jobs were assigned 5— or 6-digit codes which placed them in one
`of 550 occupational groups and indicated whether the jobs were skilled, semi-skilled.
`or unskilled.
`
`The second edition DOT, issued in March 1949, combined material in the first edition
`with several supplements issued throughout the World War 11 period. The second edi-
`tion and its supplements reflected the impact of the war on jobs in the U.S. economy
`including new occupations in the plastics. paper and pulp. and radio manufacturing in—
`dustries.
`
`issued in l965, eliminated the previous designation of a por—
`The third edition DOT,
`tion of the occupations as “skilled, semi—skilled, or unskilled“ and substituted a classi-
`fication system based on the nature of the work performed and the demands of such
`work activities upon the workers. These new indicators of work requirements included
`eight
`separate
`classification
`components:
`training
`time,
`aptitudes,
`interests,
`temperaments, physical demands. working conditions. work performed, and industry.
`
`The fourth edition of the DOT published in 1977, contained over 2.100 new occupa-
`tional definitions and several thousand other definitions were substantially modified or
`combined with related definitions. In order to document these changes, approximately
`75,000 onusite job analysis studies were conducted from I965 to the mid~l9?0's. These
`studies. supplemented by information obtained through extensive contacts with profes-
`sional and trade associations, reflected the restructuring of the economy at that time.
`
`Two supplements to the DOT have been released since the publication of the 1977
`fourth edition DOT. one in [982 and one in I986. The 1982 supplement contained
`titles, codes, and definitions derived from Occupational Code Requests (see Appendix
`E) submitted by DOT users to local Job Service offices. The 1986 supplement contin-
`ued this effort to publish new definitions as well as modify existing definitions consist-
`ent with new data collected. The I986 supplement contained 840 occupational defini-
`tions: of these, 3’61 were not defined in the fourth edition.
`
`Changes in occupational content and job characteristics due to technological advance-
`ment continue to occur at a rapid pace. This rapid change to occupations coupled with
`user demand for the toast current
`information possible has resulted in a revised ap—
`proach to the publication of the DOT. The DA network has focused its efforts on the
`
`Mpnster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.9/34)
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.9/34)
`
`

`

`study of selected industries in order to document the jobs that have undergone the most
`significant occupational changes since the publication.
`in It)”. ol‘ the I'ourth edition
`DOT.
`
`This effort of gatherint:I dam and writingfrevising definitions in these selected indus—
`tries.
`including "new" and revised Llel'initit'ins from the [986 fourth edition supple-
`ment. has resulted in the publication ol‘ this revised fourth edition DOT. This inforntnv
`[ion is presented in the hope that it will provide the best "snapshot” of how jobs eon~
`[inue to be pet'lbrmed in [he majority ot‘ industries across the country. Comments. sug~
`gestions. or criticism by DOT users concerning the content and I'ormat of this revised
`DOT are welcomed.
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.10/34)
`xvi
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.10/34)
`
`

`

`PARTS OF THE OCCUPATIONAL DEFINITION
`
`Work is organized in a variety of ways. As a result of technological. economic, and
`sociological
`influences, nearly every job in the economy is performed slightly dif-
`ferently from any other job. Every job is also similar to a number of other jobs.
`
`the millions of jobs in the US. economy in an organized way.
`In order to look at
`the DOT groups jobs into “occupations" based on their similarities and defines the
`structure and content of all
`listed occupations. Occupational definitions are the result
`of comprehensive studies of how similar jobs are performed in establishments across
`the nation and are composites of data collected from diverse sources. The term “occu—
`pation,” as used in the DOT, refers to this collective description of a number of indi~
`vidual jobs performed, with minor variations, in many establishments.
`
`There are seven basic parts to an occupational definition. They present data about a
`job in a systematic fashion. The parts are listed below in the order in which they ap—
`pear in every definition:
`
`(I) The Occupational Code Number
`(2) The Occupational Title
`(3) The Industry Designation
`(4) Alternate Titles (if any)
`(5) The Body of the Definition
`(a) Lead Statement
`(b) Task Element Statements
`(:2) “May” Items
`(6} Undefined Related Titles (if any)
`(7?) Definition Trailer
`
`1) Occupational
`Code
`
`2) Occupational
`Title
`
`3) Industry
`Designation
`
`652382-010 CLOTH PRINTER (any industry) alternate titles: printer;
`print'
`h' e operator
`
`
`4) Alternate
`/ Titles
`
`5a) Lead
`Statement
`
`
`
`.
`
`'
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`"
`
`II
`'
`
`P
`,. _
`"
`
`.
`.. \- 5b) Task Eiements
`_
`Statements
`
`mg I
`2
`Glossary ,_;«#‘“ -
`f
`usm - alien wmh Stamens. doctor
`Item
`“.335 __
`evenness armada, aging §=
`_
`planting'jwnfl- usutg hundreds. DIPB'.
`” ' manager-8. stethfi
`8312mm _
`Pd" _~
`or ban.1‘ gray or“. to 3215611: 935%
`Unbracketed
`“‘-
`a N”;
`__
`_
`_.
`Reference Title
`
`
`
`l
`
`Bracketedef
`Title
`
`(3015: 06.02.09 STRENGTH: ‘M GEIPDB: R4 Ml L3._SVP.: I DLU: 77 ’1
`
`SC} I ‘May‘ a
`Items
`
`..
`
`6} Undefined
`Related Titles
`
`7) Definition
`Trailer
`
`'_/
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.11/34)
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.11/34)
`
`

`

`[1} The Occupational Code Number
`
`item in an occupational definition is the 9-digit occupational code (in the
`The first
`preceding example. 652382—010).
`in the DOT occupational classification system.
`each set of three digits in the 9—digit code number has a specific purpose or mean—
`ing, Together.
`they provide a unique identification code for a particular occupation
`which differentiates it from all others.
`
`The first three digits identify a particular occupational group. All occupations are
`clustered into one of nine broad “categories" (first digit). such as professional. tech-
`nical and managerial. or clerical and sales occupations. These categories break down
`into 83 occupationally specific “divisions” (the first
`two digits). such as occupa-
`tions in architecture and engineering within the professional category. or stenog-
`raphy, typing. and related occupations in the clerical and sales category. Divisions.
`in turn. are divided ittto small. homogeneous ”groups" {the first three digitsl—564
`such groups are identified in the DOT. The nine primary occupational categories are
`listed below:
`
`Professional. Technical, anti Managerial Occupations
`{)tl
`2 Clerical and Sales Occupations
`7.
`Service Occupations
`4 Agricultural. Fishery. Forestry. and Related Occupations
`5
`Processing Occupations
`6 Machine Trades Occupations
`7 Benchwork Occupations
`Structural Work Occupations
`9 Miscellaneous Occupations
`
`the first digit [6) indicates that this particular occupation is found
`In the example.
`in the category. "Machine Trades Occupations." (For a listing of all occupational
`categories. divisions. and groups see page xxix.)
`
`The second digit refers to a division within the category. The divisions within the
`"Machine Trades Occupations" category are as follows:
`
`60 Metal Machining Occupations
`6i Metalworking Occupations. n.e.c.
`6363 Mechanics and Machinery Repairers
`64
`Paperworking Occupations
`65
`Printing Occupations
`66 Wood Machining Occupations
`67 Occupations in Machining Stone. Clay, Glass. and Related Materials
`68 Textile Occupations
`69 Machine Trades Occupations. n.e.c.
`
`Some divisions or groups end in the designation “n.e.c.“ (not elsewhere classified).
`This indicates that
`the occupations do not logically fit
`into precisely defined divi-
`sions or groups. or that they could fit into two or more of them equally well.
`
`In the example, the second digit (5) locates the occupation in the “Printing Occupa-
`tions” division.
`
`The third digit defines the occupational group within the division. The groups within
`the "Printing Occupations" division are as follows:
`
`650 Typesetters and Composers
`65|
`Printing Press Occupations
`652
`Printing Machine Occupations
`653 Bookbinding-Machine Operators and Related Occupations
`654 Typecasters and Related Occupations
`659
`Printing Occupations. n.e.c.
`
`In the example. the third digit (2) locates the occupation in the “Printing Machine
`Occupations“ group.
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.12/34)
`
`xviii
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.12/34)
`
`

`

`The middle three digits of the DOT occupational code are the Worker Functions
`ratings of the tasks performed in the occupation. Every job requires a worker to
`function to some degree in relation to data, people, and things. A separate digit ex-
`presses the worker's relationship to each of these three groups:
`
`DATA (4th Digit)
`
`PEOPLE {5th Digit)
`
`THINGS {6th Digit)
`
`0 Synthesizing
`1 Coordinating
`2 Analyzing
`3 Compiling
`4 Computing
`5 Copying
`6 Comparing
`
`(l Mentoring
`l Negotiating
`2 Instructing
`3 Supervising
`4 Diverting
`5 Persuading
`(i Speaking~Signalling
`7 Serving
`8 Taking Instructions-
`Helping
`
`0 Setting Up
`1 Precision Working
`2 Operating—Controlling
`3 Driving—Operating
`4 Manipulating
`5 Tending
`6 Feeding—Oftbearing
`7 Handling
`
`rule, Worker Functions involving tnore complex responsibility and
`As a general
`judgment are assigned lower numbers in these three lists while functions which are
`less complicated have higher numbers. For example. “synthesizing“ and “coordi~
`nating“ data are more complex tasks than “copying“ data; “instructing” people in—
`volves a broader responsibility than “taking instructions~helping"; anti “operating”
`things is a more complicated task than “handling" things.
`
`The Worker Functions code in the example (382) relates to the middle three digits
`of the DOT occupational code and has a different meaning and no connection with
`group code 652 (first three digits).
`
`The Worker Functions code (382) may be found in any occupational group. It sig—
`nifies that the worker is “compiling“ (3) in relation to data; ”taking instructions—
`helping” (8) in relation to people; and ‘“operating-controlling" (2)
`in relation to
`things. The Worker Functions code indicates the broadest level of responsibility or
`judgment required in relation to data, people. or things.
`It
`is assumed that,
`if the
`job requires it, the worker cart generally perform any higher numbered function list—
`ed in each of the three categories. (See Appendix B for a more detailed discussion
`of Worker Functions codes.)
`
`The last three digits of the occupational code number serve to differentiate a particu-
`lar occupation from all others. A number of occupations may have the same first
`six digits, but no two can have the same nine digits. if a (”i-digit code is applicable
`to only one occupational title. the final three digits assigned are always 010 (as in
`the example). If there is there than one occupation with the same first six digits,
`the final three digits are usually assigned in alphabetical order of titles in multiples
`of four (010. 014, 018, 022, etc.). If another printing machine occupation had the
`same six digits as CLOTH PRINTER {any industry) 652382-010. and began with
`the letter “D," it would be assigned the occupational code 652.382-0l4.
`In order
`to minimize the number of changes made to the existing occupational classification
`structure. “new" occupations added to the DOT since the publication of the Fourth
`Edition have simply been added sequentially following the previous last entry for
`each of the 6—digit codes. The full nine digits thus provide each occupation with
`a unique code suitable for computerized operations.
`
`{2) The Occupational Title
`
`immediately following the occupational code in every definition is the occupational
`base title. The base title is always in upper-case boldface letters.
`It
`is the most com-
`mon type of title found in the DOT. and is the title by which the occupation is
`known in the majority of establishments in which it was found.
`In the example.
`CLOTH PRINTER (any industry] 652.382—Ul0 is a base title.
`
`MoggJer Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.13/34)
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.13/34)
`
`

`

`(a) Master Titles
`
`Some titles are classified as master titles. These titles are designed to eliminate
`unnecessary repetition of tasks common to a large number of occupations. Master
`titles define the common job tasks having a wide variety of job variables and
`wide variety of titles. An example is the title “SUPERVISOR (any industry)”.
`Each individual supervisory occupation has its own separate definition in the DOT
`describing its unique duties. but at
`the end of the definition the reader is referred
`to the master definition: in this case by a sentence reading: “Performs other duties
`as described under SUPERVISOR (any industry) Master Title". By referring to
`this master definition.
`the user will
`learn about
`the typical supervisory duties
`which are commonly perfonned.
`
`(b) Term Titles
`
`Another type of DOT title is a term title. These include occupations with the same
`title but few common duties. An example of a term definition is:
`
`CONSULTING ENGINEER (profess. & kin.): A term applied to workers who
`consult with and advise clients on specialized engineering matters in a particu—
`lar field of endeavor. such as chemical engineering. civil engineering. or me—
`chanical engineering.
`
`they are not coded in
`Since neither master nor term definitions are occupations.
`the Occupational Group Arrangement but are found in separate sections of the
`DOT (see Contents).
`
`There are other major types of titles used in the DOT. including alternate titles
`and undefined related titles. These are discussed later in this section.
`
`(3) Industry Designation
`
`The industry designation is in parentheses immediately following the occupational
`base title.
`It often differentiates between two or more occupations with identical
`titles but different duties. Because of this.
`it
`is an integral and inseparable part
`of any occupational
`title. An industry designation often tells one or more things
`about an occupation such as:
`
`0 location of the occupation (hotel & rest; machine shop)
`
`0 types of duties associated with the occupation (education: forging)
`
`0 products manufactured (optical goods; textile)
`
`0 processes used (electroplating; petrol. refin.)
`
`- raw materials used (nonl‘er. metal; stonework)
`
`While a definition usually receives the designation of the industry or industries
`in which it occurs. certain occupations occur in a large number of industries.
`When this happens,
`the industry assigned is a cross-industry designation. For ex-
`ample. clerical occupations are found in alntost every industry. To show the
`broad. cross—industry nature of clerical occupations. ”clerical" is an industry des-
`ignation in itself. Among other cross—industry designations are: “profess. & kin".
`“machine shop". and “woodwm'king”.
`
`Occupations which characteristically occur in nearly all industries, or which occur
`in a number of industries. but not in most industries and which are not considered
`to have any particular industrial attachment. are aSsigned the designation of “any
`industry.” The job title in the example is assigned this designation. It should al-
`ways be identified as CLOTH PRINTER (any industry) 652382-010.
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.14/34)
`XX
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.14/34)
`
`

`

`In compiling information for the DOT, analysts were not able to study each occu—
`pation in all industries where it occurs. The industry designation. therefore, shows
`in what industries the occupation was studied bttt does not tnean that it may not
`be found in others. Therefore. industry designations are to be regarded as indic-
`ative of industrial location, but not necessarily restrictive.
`
`(4} Alternate Titles
`
`is not as commonly used as
`It
`An alternate title is a synonym for the base title.
`tlte base title. Alternate titles are shown in lower-case letters immediately after the
`base title and its industrial designation. In the example, two alternate titles are given:
`“printer" and “printing—machine operator”. Alternate titles may not be used by
`public employment service offices in assigning occupational classifications. Alternate
`titles are cross-referenced to their base titles in the Alphabetical Index of Occupa—
`tiortal Titles (p. 1185). A particular occupation may have a large number of alternate
`titles or none at all. Alternate titles carry the code numbers and industry designations
`of the base title.
`
`{5) The Body of the Definition
`
`The body of the definition usually consists of two or three main parts: a lead state-
`ment, a number of task element statements. and a third part known as a “may"
`item.
`
`{a} The Lead Statement
`
`The first sentence following the industry designation and alternate titles (if any)
`is the lead statement. It is followed by a colon (:l. The lead statement summarizes
`the entire occupation. It offers essential information such as:
`
`—worker actions
`
`—objective or purpose of the worker actions
`—machines, tools, equipment, or work aids used by the worker
`—materials used. products made. subject matter dealt with. or services
`rendered
`
`—instructions followed or judgments made
`
`the sentence “Sets up and operates machine to print designs on
`In the example,
`materials. such as cloth, fiberglass. plastics sheeting. coated felt. or oilcloth:“ is
`the lead statement. From it. the user can obtain an overview of the occupation.
`
`{b} Task Element Statements
`
`Task element statements indicate the specific tasks the worker performs to accom—
`plish the overall job purpose described in the lead statement. The sentences in
`the example beginning with “Turns handwheel
`.
`.
`. ”, "Turns screws .
`.
`. ".
`“Sharpens doctor .
`.
`. ”, “‘Aligns doctor .
`.
`.
`“Dips color .
`.
`. “. etc. are
`all task element statements. They indicate how the worker actually carries out the
`job duties.
`
`(Cl “May” Items
`
`Many definitions contain one or more sentences beginning with the word “May".
`They describe duties required of workers in this occupation in some establish-
`ments but not in others. The word "May" does not indicate that a worker will
`sometimes perform this task btrt rather that some workers iir different establish—
`ments generally perform one of the varied tasks listed. In the example, the three
`sentences beginning “May notify.
`.
`.". “May mottnt.
`.
`“May position.
`.
`.“.
`are “May“ items. Do not confuse “May” items with the “May be
`des—
`ignated.
`.
`sentence which introduces undefined related titles.
`
`The definition also contains a number of additional information elements designed
`to assist the user. Among these elements are:
`
`Moxnxslter Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.15/34)
`
`Monster Worldwide, Inc. Exhibit 1008 (p.15/34)
`
`

`

`Italicized words: Any word in a definition shown in italics is defined in the
`“Glossary“ (p. 947). Italicized words are technical or special uses of words not
`ordinarily found in a dictionary. In the example. the words “printing rollers” are
`italicized. Their precise meaning can he found in the “Glossary“.
`
`Bim‘kercri titles: A bracketed title indicates that the worker in the base title occu—
`pation performs some dttties of the bracketed occupation as a part of the worker’s
`regular duties. In the example, the CLOTH PRINTER (any industry) 652382—010
`“May mount printing rollers.
`.
`Since this task is usually performed by a
`PRINTING—ROLLER HANDLER (textile) 652385-010,
`this occttpation is brack-
`eted. To learn more abottt this particular aspect of the occupation,
`the user cart
`read the definition of the bracketed occupational title.
`
`Unhi'crt'il‘erm’ fitter: Unbracketed titles are used for occupations that have a fre«
`quent working relationship with the occupation defined.
`in the example,
`the
`CLOTH PRINTER (any industry) 652382010 has a close working relationship
`with a COLORlST (profess. & kin.) 022.]6l-014. This unbraeketed title is there
`fore included in the definition.
`
`Rmnan numerals: Several somewhat different occttpations with the same job title
`may be found in the same industry.
`In this event, a Roman numeral follows each
`title. For example. there are two titles in the DOT listed as ASSEMBLER (ord—
`nance).
`in order to distinguish between them. a Roman numeral
`is assigned to
`each one: ASSEMBLER (ordnance) l 736.381-010 and ASSEMBLER (ordnance)
`lI 736684-014. There is no connection in the sequence of these numbers with
`the level of complexity of these occupations or the frequency with which they
`occur in the U.S. economy.
`
`Statement of significant variables: Another clement found iii some definitions is
`a statement of significant variables.
`It appears near the end of a definition and
`in