Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 238-1 Filed 09/14/21 Page 1 of 22
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`EXHIBIT A
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`EXHIBIT A
`
`

`

`US007138902B2
`
`(12) United States Patent
`Menard
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 7,138,902 B2
`*Nov. 21, 2006
`
`(54) PERSONAL MEDICAL DEVICE
`COMMUNICATION SYSTEMAND METHOD
`
`(75) Inventor: Raymond J. Menard, Hastings, MN
`(US)
`
`(73) Assignee: By thought, LLC, Minneapolis,
`
`(52) U.S. Cl. ............. 340/5.53: 340/539.1; 340/539.11;
`340/539.12: 340/539.13: 340/825.36; 340/825.49
`(58) Field of Classification Search ............... 340/5.53,
`340/539.1, 539.11, 539.12,539.13, 825.36,
`34O7825.49
`See application file for complete search history.
`References Cited
`
`(56)
`
`(*) Notice:
`
`-
`0
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 260 days.
`
`This patent is Subject to a terminal dis-
`claimer.
`
`10/490,330
`
`Jun. 7, 2002
`PCT/USO2/17962
`
`(21) Appl. No.:
`1-1.
`(22) PCT Filed:
`(86). PCT No.:
`S 371 (c)(1)
`(2), (4) Date: Jul 30, 2004
`s
`e a V8
`(87) PCT Pub. No.: WO03/024322
`PCT Pub. Date: Mar. 27, 2003
`Prior Publication Data
`US 2004/0246128 A1
`Dec. 9, 2004
`• - s
`Related U.S. Application Data
`.S. App
`(63) Continuation-in-part of application No. 09/956,474,
`filed on Sep. 19, 2001, which is a continuation of
`application No. 09/384,165, filed on Aug. 27, 1999,
`now Pat. No. 6,356,192.
`(60) Provisional application No. 60/279,401, filed on Mar.
`28, 2001, provisional application No. 60 135,862,
`filed on May 25, 1999, provisional application No.
`60/105,493, filed on Oct. 23, 1998.
`(51) Int. Cl.
`G05B 9/00
`
`(65)
`
`(2006.01)
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 238-1 Filed 09/14/21 Page 2 of 22
`
`900
`
`
`
`100
`
`ERSONAL
`MEDICAT.
`EVICE
`
`DE
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`3,843,841. A 10/1974 Rubinstein
`Continued
`(Continued)
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`19962915 A1
`9, 2001
`(Continued)
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`Bluetooth Product Design—a natural progression of our existing
`business, RTX; 4pgs.
`
`(Continued)
`Primary Examiner Daryl C Pope
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm Gerald E. Helget; Briggs and
`Morgan, P.A.
`ABSTRACT
`(57)
`A personal and/or institutional health and wellness commu
`nications system, which may be used for a variety of
`emergency and non-emergency situations using two-way
`communication devices and a bi-directional communication
`network. In one application two-way pagers are adapted for
`use in the system. In one application cellular devices are
`adapted for use in the system. In one application an assisted
`living response center is established using various embodi
`ments of the present personal and/or institutional commu
`nications system. The system provides multiple levels of
`prioritization, authentication of person (task, step, process or
`order), and confirmation via interrogation of person, device,
`or related monitor. One embodiment provides a method for
`receiving, evaluating and responding to calls received from
`a Subscriber, patient, related party, or health care provider or
`health care system.
`
`57 Claims, 9 Drawing Sheets
`
`so
`
`CENTRAL,
`MONITORNG
`STATION
`
`r
`700
`
`CENTRAL
`coval NICATONS
`BASESEATION
`
`100
`
`

`

`US 7,138.902 B2
`Page 2
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
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`
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`atz
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`6,295,346 B1
`1/2002 McCurdy
`6,340,928 B1
`5, 2002 Neher
`6,388,612 B1
`6,759,956 B1* 7/2004 Menard et al. ........ 340,539.19
`
`WO
`WO
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`WO O1,26335 A3
`4, 2001
`WO O1/47597 A2
`T 2001
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Your Vision Our Solution: RTX Telecom; 5 pgs.
`Lucent Technologies and Bluetooth; Lucent Technologies,
`Inc.; Dec. 1999; 2 pgs.
`Houston, Jerry: Socket Teams with Cambridge Silicon
`Radio for Bluetooth Cordless Networking on Windows CE;
`Socket Communications, Inc., 1999; 2 pgs.
`Technology Solutions for Bluetooth; Ericsson Microelec
`tronics; Nov. 1999; 2 pgs.
`The Secret of Success, Signal Newletter No. 3 The Offi
`cial Newsletter of the Bluetooth Special Interest Group:
`Nov. 1999; 8 pgs.
`Unleash the World Core Technology for Bluetooth appli
`cations: Ericsson Mobile Communications AB, 1999; 7 pgs.
`Wireless Connections Made Easy: Bluetooth; 19 pgs.
`Geta better Vantage point and outmaneuver the competition:
`Cadence Design Systems, Inc.; 1999: 2 pgs.
`Empowering the mobile enterprise; Puma Technology, Inc.;
`1996-1999: 2 pgs.
`Designing Solutions for the Internet Economy, Intel Devel
`oper Forum Spring 2000; Feb. 15-17, 2000: 2 pgs.
`Socket's Bluetooth Cordless Communications Card; Socket
`Communications, Inc.; Dec. 1999; 2 pgs.
`Nobel, Carmen; Microsoft jumps on Bluetooth bandwagon:
`PC Week; Dec. 6, 1999, 1 pg.
`CreataLink; Motorola, Inc., 1999; 2 pgs.
`Bluetooth White Paper; AU-System AB; 1999; entire pam
`phlet.
`Object Geode The Most Advanced Integrated Environ
`ment for the Deyelopment f Distributed Real-time Sys
`tems; VERIOLOG S.A.: 1998: entire brochure.
`Bluetooth solutions for personal area networking; TDK
`Systems, Inc.; 4pgs.
`Digianswer Bluetooth Development and Demonstration
`Tools Product Sheet: Digianswer A/S; 6 pgs.
`The Ericsson Bluetooth Development Kit, Ericsson Mobile
`Communications. AB: 1999: 2 pgs.
`s 4 x 1s
`pgs.
`Bluetooth Blue-Share Product Brief: ACER NeWeb Corpo
`ration; 1 pg.
`--.
`- - -
`Blue-Connect Product Brief: ACER NeWeb Corporation: 1
`pg.
`Bluetooth Development using SDL, MSC and TTCN:
`Telelogic AB; 13 pgs.
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 238-1 Filed 09/14/21 Page 3 of 22
`
`

`

`US 7,138.902 B2
`Page 3
`
`Emulation System Speeds Development of CDMA Satcom
`Handsets; Penton Publishing, Inc.; 1997; 4 pgs.
`Digianswer/Bluetooth Technology: Digainswer (Irl) Ltd.; 8
`pg.S.
`UMTS W-CDMA Technology Development Using the
`Aptix System Explorer MP4 for Algorithm Verification;
`Aptix Corporation: 1999: 4pgs.
`ARM9 Thumb Family: Arm Ltd.: 6 pgs.
`Enabling Innovation; Arm Ltd.; 1999; 10 pgs.
`Arm7 Thumb Family; Arm Powered; 4. pgs.
`IVT Bluetooth Protocol Stack SDL/C Source Code:
`Bluethooth; 2 pgs.
`Spontaneous Connections: CommVerge; May 2000; 6 pgs.
`OSE the new generation realtime operating system; ENA
`OSE Systems: 1999; entire booklet.
`Alarmnet-M Mobitex System: ArlamNet, 2000; 1 pg/.
`AlarmNet-C Control Channel Cellular, AlarmNet: 2000; 2
`pg.S.
`Samsung Electronics Joins Home Radio Frequency Group in
`Development of Wireless Network for the Home: Samsung
`Electronics, 1998; pp. 1-2.
`Tachless Remote Engine Starters; ALMEX, 2000: pp. 1-3.
`Introduction to the HomeRF Technical Specification;
`HomeRF; 2000: pp. 1-17.
`Posti, J.; Motorola Introduces CreataLink 2 XT two-way
`data transceiver: Motorola Press Release: Mar. 1999; 2 pgs.
`CreataLink 2XT Motorola Messaging Products; Mar. 1999;
`1 pg.
`
`CreataLink 2XT: Motorola; Nov. 2000: 1 pg.
`Skyroute Wireless Communications; 1974; pp. 1-4.
`21 Century Emergency Safety Communications Policy;
`ComCARE Alliance: 2000: pp. 1-3.
`AllNetDevices:-Geoworks, Openwave End Patent Fight;
`allNetDevices: 2000; 1 pg.
`Automatic Crash Notification, ComCARE Alliance: 2000; 2
`pg.S.
`Connect 24 Data Communications; Connect 24; 2001; 1 pg.
`Emergency 911 Cellular Phone and Cellular Phone Acces
`sories; AAA Communications; 2001; 7 pgs.
`Glossary; ComCARE Alliance; 2000; 3 pgs.
`PSAP Updates and Third-Party Call Centers; ComCARE
`Alliance; 2000; 2 pgs.
`Will the push not pull—of internet information dramati
`cally alter our Web interactions?: Sunworld; 2000; 6 pgs.
`ORA Electronics introduces Rescue Mate, a Complete Cel
`lular Telephone Safety Package; Hands-Free Operation,
`Instant Emergency 911 Access, Roadside Assistance Ser
`vices; Business Wire: 1998; 2 pgs.
`AllNetDevices:- The Device-Centric Home in 2000: Close,
`But No Cigar; Dec. 26, 2000; 3. pgs.
`AlarmNet-A Orginal AlarmNet; Dec. 27, 2000: 2 pgs.
`US 5.486,912. 01/1996, Todd (withdrawn)
`* cited by examiner
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 238-1 Filed 09/14/21 Page 4 of 22
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 21, 2006
`
`Sheet 1 of 9
`
`US 7,138,902 B2
`
`900
`
`
`
`
`
`500
`
`
`
`PERSONAL
`WRELESS
`DEVICE
`
`800
`
`CENTRAL
`MONITORING
`STATION
`
`
`
`CENTRAL
`COMMUNICATIONS
`BASE STATION
`
`100
`
`PERSONAL
`MEDICAL
`DEVICE
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`500
`
`MEDICAL DEVICE
`INTERFACE
`
`PERSONAL
`WIRELESS
`DEVICE
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 238-1 Filed 09/14/21 Page 5 of 22
`
`600
`
`FIG. I.
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 21, 2006
`
`Sheet 2 of 9
`
`US 7,138,902 B2
`
`100
`
`DETECTORINPUTS 140
`
`OUTPUTS 150
`
`DATA I/O PORTS 60
`
`
`
`
`
`WRELESS COMM. MODULE
`300
`
`
`
`USERINTERFACE MODULE
`200
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 238-1 Filed 09/14/21 Page 6 of 22
`
`FIG. 2
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 21, 2006
`
`Sheet 3 of 9
`
`US 7,138,902 B2
`
`200
`
`
`
`DISPLAY
`220
`
`DATA INPUT
`240
`
`SPEAKER/MIC
`260
`
`CAMERA
`280
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 238-1 Filed 09/14/21 Page 7 of 22
`
`FIG. 3
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 21, 2006
`
`Sheet 4 of 9
`
`US 7,138,902 B2
`
`PWD 500
`
`UIM 200
`
`362
`
`
`
`400
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`DATAPORT
`160
`
`3
`
`
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 238-1 Filed 09/14/21 Page 8 of 22
`
`FIG. 4C
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 21, 2006
`
`Sheet 5 of 9
`
`US 7,138,902 B2
`
`MDI 600 Y
`
`NETWORK
`400
`
`
`
`DATAPORT
`160
`
`
`
`
`
`PMD 100
`
`
`
`
`
`LAW 330
`
`FIG. 4D
`
`PMD 100
`
`LAW 330
`
`160
`
`FIG. 4E
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 238-1 Filed 09/14/21 Page 9 of 22
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 21, 2006
`
`Sheet 6 of 9
`
`US 7,138,902 B2
`
`( 100
`
`PERSONAL
`MEDICAL
`DEVICE
`
`( 100
`
`PERSONAL
`MEDICAL
`DEVICE
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`PERSONAL
`MEDICAL
`DEVICE
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 238-1 Filed 09/14/21 Page 10 of 22
`
`FIG. 4F
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 21, 2006
`
`Sheet 7 Of 9
`
`US 7,138,902 B2
`
`500,600
`
`
`
`bystander B
`
`Victim V
`
`
`
`500,600
`
`r
`
`ar
`
`Asa
`
`Responding Personnel R, Responsible Parties RP
`
`Processor P
`
`Data DB
`
`Dispatcher or
`Medical Caregiver D
`
`FIG. 5
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 238-1 Filed 09/14/21 Page 11 of 22
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 21, 2006
`
`Sheet 8 of 9
`
`US 7,138,902 B2
`
`sound and view of
`user/scene?bystander
`
`location information
`
`medical device data
`
`medical data
`
`N.
`
`-Y connection to responsible parties
`
`response strategies
`
`responders
`
`Dispatcher or
`Medical Caregiver
`
`Automated and human
`analysis
`
`medical device control
`
`contact/assistance/direction
`to user?bystanders
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 238-1 Filed 09/14/21 Page 12 of 22
`
`FIG. 6
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 21, 2006
`
`Sheet 9 of 9
`
`US 7,138,902 B2
`
`800
`
`81.0
`
`
`
`820
`
`FIG. 7
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 238-1 Filed 09/14/21 Page 13 of 22
`
`

`

`US 7,138,902 B2
`
`1.
`PERSONAL MEDICAL DEVICE
`COMMUNICATION SYSTEMAND METHOD
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`2
`PMDs may monitor individual or combinations of body
`functions such as heart function, respiration, body chemis
`try, brain function, or muscular/skeleton actions. PMDs may
`provide body functions such as mechanical hearts, kidney
`dialysis, digestive or respiratory activities. PMDs may be
`used to deliver drugs, heart defibrillation, or other treatment.
`PMDs may be used to enhance wellness, test drug therapies,
`monitor patient health, deliver long-term care, or treat acute
`conditions.
`We describe a device and method to couple with PMIDs to
`provide wireless communication and locating functions. The
`purpose for communications include but are not limited to
`the following: to provide health care professionals with
`access to information for remote diagnostic capabilities; to
`provide notification of acute conditions possibly requiring
`immediate assistance, transportation to a medical center, or
`remote treatment action; to provide a location information of
`mobile persons for caregivers; to notify responsible parties
`of the occurrence of a medical condition; and to provide
`remote intervention assistance by caregivers through Verbal
`or visual interaction.
`In one embodiment, in order to provide mobility for users
`of PMDs in a public environment, we employ standard
`network communication systems to deliver a comprehensive
`medical communications service. In one embodiment, the
`communications network links together the PMD, casual
`caregivers, a medical center, an emergency dispatch center,
`medical databases, and related responsible parties. This
`group of associated parties is able to combine resources to
`improve the Survivability during an acute medical event.
`In one embodiment, the medical communications system
`delivers an end-to-end comprehensive Solution to provide
`care to a remote or mobile user of a PMD.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall structure of
`the system of the present invention.
`FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the internal structure
`of a portable device.
`FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the structure of a user
`interface module.
`FIGS. 4A-4F are block diagrams showing various con
`figurations of the system of the present invention.
`FIG. 5 is a network diagram showing communications
`through the system of the present invention.
`FIG. 6 is a chart showing the uses of various data by a
`dispatcher or medical caregiver.
`FIG. 7 is a general block diagram of the power manage
`ment function.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE
`PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
`
`The present application is a continuation-in-part of co
`pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/956,474 filed
`Sep. 19, 2001, which is a continuation of U.S. patent
`application Ser. No. 09/384,165, filed Aug. 27, 1999 and
`now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,356,192, which claims priority
`to U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/135,862,
`filed May 25, 1999 and to U.S. provisional patent applica
`tion Ser. No. 60/105,493 filed Oct. 23, 1998. The present
`application is also a continuation-in-part of a co-pending
`U.S. patent application filed Mar. 28, 2002, entitled “Method
`and System for Wireless Tracking', which claims priority to
`a provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/279.401, filed
`Mar. 28, 2001.
`The present invention relates generally to bi-directional
`personal and health-wellness provider communication sys
`tem and in particular to a personal communication system
`suitable for use with children, vulnerable adults (such as
`those in assisted living situations), and more specifically,
`medically distressed persons and those in whom an personal
`medical device has been deployed, for medical testing, and
`for other life enhancements.
`There are several trends which taken together are causing
`a change in the way medical services are delivered. Among
`other things, these include longer lifespan, medical technol
`ogy improvements, automation of diagnostic processes, spe
`cialization of caregivers, the rapid pace of technology that
`causes a shortening of the amortization of development and
`investment costs, increasing expense of medical care cen
`ters, and the shortage of health care workers.
`The results of these trends are manifold. They include
`moving more of the delivery of services out of a medical
`center and away from the direct Supervision of highly
`trained medical personnel. They include providing personal
`medical devices to allow long-term patients to resume a
`more mobile lifestyle. They include allowing patients to be
`treated from home for issues of cost and comfort. They
`include reducing the level of training associated with car
`egivers so that in some cases, even a casual passerby is able
`to provide meaningful assistance with devices once associ
`ated only with properly trained medical personnel, for
`example using Portable Automated Defibrillators. However,
`the remoteness of patients from professional caregivers
`increases the need for communications systems to monitor
`the patient, deliver care, and communicate.
`What is needed in the art is an improved detection system
`that is friendly to a mobile user, that is easy to adapt to
`existing devices, that is easy to install, that is inexpensive,
`and that provides substantial interoperability between wire
`less technologies, communication network providers, and
`other widely used medical and public systems.
`
`10
`
`15
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`40
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 238-1 Filed 09/14/21 Page 14 of 22
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`One skilled in the art will readily recognize that the
`embodiments described solve all of these problems and
`many more not mentioned expressly herein.
`Personal Medical Devices (PMD) take many forms.
`PMDs may be surgically implanted, strapped externally to
`the body, carried in a pocket, transported in a carrying case,
`or installed as a home appliance. They may be used only for
`rare emergencies, on an occasional basis, on a regular
`schedule, or in a continuous or nearly continuous fashion.
`
`60
`
`65
`
`This detailed description provides a number of different
`embodiments of the present system. The embodiments pro
`vided herein are not intended in an exclusive or limited
`sense, and variations may exist in organization, dimension,
`hardware, Software, mechanical design and configuration
`without departing from the claimed invention, the scope of
`which is provided by the attached claims and equivalents
`thereof.
`The present system provides many benefits, including but
`not limited to, low cost, easy installation, limited power
`requirements and wireless operation and signal transmis
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`sion. Many other benefits will be appreciated by those
`skilled in the art upon reading and understanding the present
`description.
`U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/098.392, filed
`Aug. 29, 1998: U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 5
`60/098.270 filed Aug. 28, 1998: U.S. Provisional Patent
`Application No. 60/105,493 filed Oct. 23, 1998; and U.S.
`Provisional Patent Application No. 60/135,862 filed May 25,
`1999, are all hereby incorporated by reference in their
`entirety.
`Personal Medical Device
`FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the interoperability of
`a personal medical device (PMD) 100 with a medical device
`interface (MDI) 200 and a network 400. As can be seen, the
`PMD 100 may interact directly with the network 400 or
`through the mediation of the MDI 200. Alternatively, the
`PMD may interact with a personal wireless device 500
`which in turn interacts with the network.
`FIG. 2 is a block diagram depicting the components of
`one embodiment of a PMD 100. In one embodiment, the
`PMD includes a power module 110. The power module 110
`may be a battery or a line connection. If a battery, it may be
`rechargeable. In one embodiment the PMD includes a
`memory 120. In one embodiment the PMD includes a
`processor 130. The processor 130 executes instructions from
`its programming and also may participate in data transfer
`between other components of the PMD 100.
`Optionally, PMD 100 has connections to related external
`or embedded devices. In one embodiment, PMD 100
`includes connections to detectors 140. Detectors 140 may be
`any sensor of bodily or physiological parameters such as, but
`not limited to: temperature, motion, respiration, blood oxy
`gen content, electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalo
`gram (EEG), and other measurements.
`Optionally, PMD 100 has connections to outputs 150. The
`outputs may be signaled by changes in Voltages, impedance,
`current, magnetic field, electromagnetic energy Such as radio
`frequency signals, infrared signals or optical signals, and
`audible or other forms of mechanical energy. The outputs
`may be direct changes of state, analog, or digital in form.
`Several embodiments are possible, and the examples given
`herein are not intended in a limiting or restrictive sense. The
`outputs may be activated and controlled by the medical
`device interface 200 or the processor 130, or by the actuation
`of the detector 140 or a combination of these. The outputs
`150 may be used, for example, to actuate solenoids, operate
`motors, or apply electrical current to the heart.
`Optionally, PMD 100 has connections to data input/output
`ports 160. Data I/O ports 160 may include, but are not
`limited to: serial, parallel, USB, etc.
`Optionally, PMD 100 includes a User Interface Module
`(UIM) 200. The UIM 200 may allow users to view or enter
`data, conduct voice communications, use a camera to trans
`mit images, or view a screen for graphical images.
`Optionally, PMD 100 includes a wireless communications
`module 300. In one embodiment the wireless communica
`tions module includes systems and standards for Local Area
`Wireless 330. In one embodiment the wireless communica
`tions are designed to be Network Based Communications
`(NBC) 360.
`User Interface
`FIG. 3 depicts User Interface Module (UIM) 200. In one
`embodiment of UIM 200, display 220 is included. Display
`220 may be any standard device for displaying information, 65
`Such as a CRT, plasma display, LED, LCD, etc. or equiva
`lent.
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`Preferably the UIM 200 includes data input means 240.
`Data input means may be any standard means for inputting
`information, such as a keypad, touch screen, bar code
`scanner, telephone keypad, buttons, Switches, etc., or
`equivalent.
`In one embodiment of UIM 200, a speaker/microphone
`module 260 is included. Speaker/microphone module may
`be any device for producing Sound, such as a speaker or
`microphone or the equivalent.
`In one embodiment of UIM 200, a camera 280 is included.
`Camera 280 may be a still camera, video camera, etc.
`Communications
`FIGS. 4A-4E depict various possible wireless communi
`cation paths that may be used by the PMD 100 to connect to
`the long-range bi-directional network 400.
`FIG. 4A depicts one embodiment of the present system.
`PMD 100 communicates to Personal Wireless Device
`(PWD) 500 with local area wireless (LAW) 330. PWD 500
`includes a LAW 330 compatible with LAW 330 in PMD
`100. In one embodiment, PWD 500 includes a UIM 200.
`PWD 500 includes network based communications (NBC)
`360. NBC 360 communicates information received from
`LAW 330 to long-range bi-directional network 400.
`FIG. 4B depicts another embodiment of the present sys
`tem. PMD 100 communicates to the network 400 through
`NBC 360. LAW 330 is not employed.
`FIG. 4C depicts another embodiment of the present sys
`tem. PMD 100 communicates through data port 160 to
`Medical Device Interface (MDI) 600. In one embodiment,
`MDI 600 includes a UIM 200. In this embodiment, MDI 600
`includes a LAW 330 and communicates to PWD 500
`through LAW 330. PWD 500 includes a LAW 330 compat
`ible with MDI 600. Preferably, PWD 500 includes UIM 200.
`Preferably, PWD 500 includes NBC 360 and communicates
`to long-range bi-directional 400 through NBC 360.
`FIG. 4D depicts another embodiment of the present
`system. PMD 100 communicates through data port 160 to
`MDI 600. MDI 600 may include UIM 200. Preferably, MDI
`600 includes NBC 360 and communicates to long-range
`bi-directional network 400 through NBC 360.
`FIG. 4E depicts another embodiment of the present sys
`tem. PMD 100 communicates through LAW 330 to another
`PMD 100, which in turn communicates through data port
`160 to a third PMD 100.
`FIG. 4F shows that a single medical device interface 600
`can communicate simultaneously with multiple PMDs 100.
`About Local Area Wireless Communications
`LAW 330 may include, but is not limited to, infrared or
`radio frequency (RF). Any suitable RF system that conforms
`to FCC requirements and power requirements may be used.
`Preferably, the BLUETOOTH standard is used. BLUE
`TOOTH is a 2.4 GHz wireless technology employed to
`transport data between cellular phones, notebook PCs, and
`other handheld or portable electronic gear at speeds of up to
`1 megabit per second. The BLUETOOTH standard was
`developed by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group
`(“BSIG”), a consortioum formed by Ericsson, IBM, Intel,
`Nokia, and Toshiba. The BLUETOOTH standard is
`designed to be broadband compatible and capable of simul
`taneously supporting multiple information sets and archi
`tecture, transmitting data at relatively high speeds, and
`providing data, Sound, and video services on demand. Of
`course, other Suitable wireless communication standards and
`methods now existing or developed in the future are con
`templated in the present invention. In addition, embodiments
`are contemplated that operate in conjunction with a BLUE
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`over long-distances. Such a system may include program
`mable or automatically selecting electronics to decide
`whether to conduct communications between the network
`module and an optional base station using the short-range
`module or the network module. In one embodiment the
`system may employ different portions of the network to
`provide short-range or long-range network connections,
`depending on the distance between the devices and the base
`stations. In one such embodiment, the network automatically
`adjusts for different required transmission distances.
`In one embodiment, the transceiver is compatible with
`both a long-range communication protocol and a short-range
`communication protocol. For example, a person located a
`long distance away, Such as several miles, may communicate
`with the transceiver using a cellular telephone compatible
`with the long-range protocol of transceiver.
`Other short-range communication protocols are also con
`templated and the foregoing examples are not to be con
`Strued as limitations but merely as examples.
`About Long-Range Bi-Directional Network Based Commu
`nications
`Long-range network based communications 360 refers to
`a type of communications system that has a greater range
`than LAW 330, primarily because more power is available
`and/or because of an FCC license.
`NBC 360 may include a long-range wireless communi
`cations network 362, such as a cellular network, satellite
`network, paging network, narrowband PCS, narrowband
`trunk radio, or other wireless communication network. Com
`binations of such networks and other embodiments may be
`Substituted without departing from the present system.
`In one embodiment, the long-range wireless network 362
`is a cellular communications network. In another embodi
`ment, the long-range wireless network is a paging network.
`In another embodiment the long-range wireless network is a
`satellite network. In another embodiment the long-range
`wireless network is a wideband or narrowband PCS net
`work. In another embodiment the long-range wireless net
`work is a wideband or narrowband trunk radio module.
`Other networks are possible without departing from the
`present system. In one embodiment, the NBC 360 supports
`multiple network systems, such as a cellular module and a
`two-way paging module, for example. In Such embodiments,
`the system may prefer one form of network communications
`over another and may switch depending on a variety of
`factors such as available service, signal strength, or types of
`communications being Supported. For example, the cellular
`network may be used as a default and the paging network
`may take over once cellular service is either weak or
`otherwise unavailable. Other permutations are possible
`without departing from the present system.
`The long-range wireless network 362 employed may be
`any consumer or proprietary network designed to serve users
`in range of the detection system, including, but not limited
`to, a cellular network Such as analog or digital cellular
`systems employing Such protocols and designs as CDPD,
`CDMA, GSM, PDC, PHS, TDMA, FLEXTM, ReFLEXTM,
`iDENTM, TETRATM, DECT, DataTACTM, and MobitexTM,
`RAMNETTM or ArdisTM or other protocols such as trunk
`radio, MicroburstTM, CellemetryTM, satellite, or other ana
`logue or digital wireless networks or the control channels or
`portions of various networks. The networks may be propri
`etary or public, special purpose or broadly capable. How
`ever, these are long-range networks and the meaning
`imposed herein is not to describe a premises or facility based
`type of wireless network.
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`TOOTH or BLUETOOTH-like wireless communication
`standard, protocol, or system where a frequency other than
`2.4 GHz, is employed, or where infrared, optical, or other
`communication means are employed in conjunction with
`BLUETOOTH or BLUETOOTH-like wireless RF commu
`nication techniques.
`In one embodiment, the present system includes a trans
`ceiver in compliance with BLUETOOTHR) technical speci
`fication version 1.0, herein incorporated by reference. In one
`embodiment, the present system includes a transceiver in
`compliance with standards established, or anticipated to be
`established, by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group.
`In one embodiment, the present system includes a trans
`ceiver in compliance with standards established, or antici
`pated to be established, by the Institute of Electrical and
`Electronics Engineers, Inc., (IEEE). The IEEE 802.15
`WPAN standard is anticipated to include the technology
`developed by the BLUETOOTHR) Special Interest Group.
`WPAN refers to Wireless Personal Area Networks. The
`IEEE 802.15 WPAN standard is expected to define a stan
`dard for wireless communications within a personal oper
`ating space (POS) which encircles a person.
`In one embodiment, the transceiver is a wireless, bi
`directional, transceiver Suitable for short-range, omni-direc
`tional communication that allows ad hoc networking of
`multiple transceivers for purposes of extending the effective
`range of communication. Ad hoc networking refers to the
`ability of one transceiver to automatically detect and estab
`lish a digital communication link with another transceiver.
`The resulting network, known as a piconet, enables each
`transceiver to exchange digital data with the other trans
`ceiver. According to one embodiment, BLUETOOTHR)
`involves a wireless transceiver transmitting a digital signal
`and periodically monitoring a radio frequency for an incom
`ing digital message encoded in a network protocol. The
`transceiver com