Case: 23-1069 Document: 00118258717 Page: 1 Date Filed: 03/12/2025 Entry ID: 6706260 United States Court of Appeals For the First Circuit

STEPHEN FOOTE, individually and as Guardian and next friend of B.F. and G.F., minors; MARISSA SILVESTRI, individually and as Guardian and next friend of B.F. and G.F., minors, Plaintiffs - Appellants,

Entered: March 12, 2025 In accordance with the judgment of February 18, 2025, and pursuant to Federal Rule of Appellate Procedure 41(a), this constitutes the formal mandate of this Court.

cc: Alexandra Arnold Andrew David Beckwith Luke Berg Mary Lisa Bonauto Ruth A. Bourquin

Case: 23-1069 Document: 00118258717 Page: 2 Date Filed: 03/12/2025 Entry ID: 6706260 Vernadette Ramirez Broyles Gary D. Buseck Adam Cambier Ronald D. Coleman David Andrew Cortman Christopher Erchull William Anthony Estrada Steven W. Fitschen Nancy Frankel Pelletier Bennett H. Klein Arielle Brooks Kristan David S. Lawless Karen Lee Loewy Mary Elizabeth McAlister Elizabeth E. Monnin-Browder Peter F. Neronha Gene C. Schaerr Carl F. Schmitt Ilya Shapiro Adam Shelton William M. Tong Peter Martin Torstensen Jr. John Marc Wheat Samuel Whiting

Although administrative regulations and executive orders are both forms of executive policymaking, they have nonetheless been classified as legislative in nature - 16 - Case: 23-1069 Document: 00118249041 Page: 17 Date Filed: ...

To the extent the Parents oppose certain academic assignments, the use of a student's pronouns in the classroom, decisions about bathroom access, and a guidance counselor speaking to a student, none of those concerns restrict ...

Nonetheless, as we have explained, our survey of Due Process Clause jurisprudence suggests that this canon does not require governments to assist parents in exercising their fundamental right to direct the upbringing of their children, ...

Case: 23-1069 Document: 00118249044 Page: 1 Date Filed: 02/18/2025 Entry ID: 6700939 United States Court of Appeals For the First Circuit

STEPHEN FOOTE, individually and as Guardian and next friend of B.F. and G.F., minors; MARISSA SILVESTRI, individually and as Guardian and next friend of B.F. and G.F., minors, Plaintiffs, Appellants,

Upon consideration whereof, it is now here ordered, adjudged and decreed as follows: The district court's grant of the motion to dismiss is affirmed.

cc: Mary Elizabeth McAlister, Andrew David Beckwith, Vernadette Ramirez Broyles, Samuel Whiting, David S. Lawless, Nancy Frankel Pelletier, Bennett H. Klein, Gary D. Buseck, Mary Lisa Bonauto, Christopher Erchull, Carl F. Schmitt, Ilya Shapiro, William Anthony Estrada, Adam Shelton, Ronald D. Coleman, Steven W. Fitschen, Luke Berg, John Marc Wheat, Peter Martin Torstensen Jr., David Andrew Cortman, Gene C. Schaerr, Arielle Brooks Kristan, Elizabeth E. By the Court: Anastasia Dubrovsky, Clerk

Case: 23-1069 Document: 00118249044 Page: 2 Date Filed: 02/18/2025 Entry ID: 6700939 Monnin-Browder, Ruth A. Bourquin, Alexandra Arnold, Karen Lee Loewy, Adam Cambier, William M. Tong, Peter F. Neronha

Case: 23-1069 Document: 00118239362 Page: 1 Date Filed: 01/23/2025 Entry ID: 6695306 United States Court of Appeals For the First Circuit

STEPHEN FOOTE, individually and as Guardian and next friend of B.F. and G.F., minors; MARISSA SILVESTRI, individually and as Guardian and next friend of B.F. and G.F., minors, Plaintiffs - Appellants,

Upon consideration, Attorney Ronald Coleman's motion for leave to enter an appearance on behalf of Amicus Curiae Center for American Liberty is granted.

Attorney Coleman's notice of appearance is accepted for filing as of this date.

cc: Mary Elizabeth McAlister Andrew David Beckwith

Case: 23-1069 Document: 00118237146 Page: 1 Date Filed: 01/17/2025 Entry ID: 6694028 United States Court of Appeals For the First Circuit

No. 23-1069 STEPHEN FOOTE, individually and as Guardian and next friend of B.F. and G.F., minors; MARISSA SILVESTRI, individually and as Guardian and next friend of B.F. and G.F., minors, Plaintiffs - Appellants,

Attorney Gary Lawkowski has moved to withdraw as counsel on behalf of Amicus Curiae Center For American Liberty.

Because only individuals may proceed pro se, the motion to withdraw is denied without prejudice to renewal once successor counsel enters an appearance on Center For American Liberty's behalf.

cc: Mary Elizabeth McAlister, Andrew David Beckwith, Vernadette Ramirez Broyles, Samuel Whiting, David S. Lawless, Nancy Frankel Pelletier, Bennett H. Klein, Gary D. Buseck, Mary Lisa Bonauto, Christopher Erchull, Carl F. Schmitt, Ilya Shapiro, William Anthony Estrada, Adam Shelton, Gary Lawkowski, Steven W. Fitschen, Luke Berg, John Marc Wheat, Peter Martin Torstensen Jr., David Andrew Cortman, Gene C. Schaerr, Arielle Brooks Kristan, Elizabeth E. Monnin-Browder, Ruth A. Bourquin, Alexandra Arnold, Karen Lee Loewy, Adam Cambier, William M. Tong, Peter F. Neronha