Case 6:21-cv-00755-ADA Document 61-7 Filed 05/20/22 Page 1 of 8
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`3/2/22, 12:52 PM
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`Inside-out v Outside-in: How VR tracking works, and how it's going to change
`Case 6:21-cv-00755-ADA Document 61-7 Filed 05/20/22 Page 2 of 8
`
`Inside-out v Outside-in: How VR
`tracking works, and how it's
`going to change
`
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`we may earn an affiliate commission. Learn more
`
`Mobile VR has reached the point of delivering experiences that
`don't make us feel nauseous or short changed. No, you're not
`going to get the same level of quality as the Oculus Rift of PS VR
`- yet - but both technology and games are rapidly improving. It
`also allows us to cut the pesky cords, but the boom of mobile VR
`has also opened up new ways of thinking about six-degree-of-
`freedom (6DoF) in virtual worlds.
`
`The ability to roam free in a (limited) space is what makes the
`HTC Vive the most compelling system on the market right now,
`but the way it uses positional tracking isn't necessarily best for
`everyone else. Oculus has a similar approach, but it's already
`announced plans for an upgrade that relies on inside-out
`tracking, without the wires, to afford much greater mobility. In
`fact, we had a play with the Santa Cruz prototype late last year.
`
`https://www.wareable.com/vr/inside-out-vs-outside-in-vr-tracking-343
`
`1/7
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`Living Proof
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`VR WEARABLE TECHNOLOGY FEATURE
`Positional tracking is one of VR's most interesting
`challenges
`Wednesday May 3, 2017
`By Hugh Langley @hughlangley
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`3/2/22, 12:52 PM
`
`Inside-out v Outside-in: How VR tracking works, and how it's going to change
`Case 6:21-cv-00755-ADA Document 61-7 Filed 05/20/22 Page 3 of 8
`
`You might have heard about inside-out and outside-in tracking,
`and you might already know what these mean. But what are the
`merits of each? And which is the one we'll be using in 10 years
`time?
`
`If you've used one of the 'big three' systems - Oculus Rift, HTC
`Vive, PS VR - then you'll have seen outside-in tracking in action.
`This is where the headset and accessories are tracked by an
`external device. In the case of the Vive it's the Lighthouse
`sensors that are placed around the room. For the Oculus Rift, it's
`the positional tracker that sits pointed at the headset, likely by
`your computer display, and it's a similar setup for the PS VR
`camera.
`
`In all of these cases, the camera(s) is placed in the room and
`determines the position of the headset in relation to its
`environment. While it's something we're seeing more in higher-
`end system, some mobile VR is also experimenting with outside-
`in solutions.
`
`Outside-in solutions remain fixed and are best for accuracy
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`https://www.wareable.com/vr/inside-out-vs-outside-in-vr-tracking-343
`
`2/7
`
`Outside-in
`Pros
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`3/2/22, 12:52 PM
`
`Inside-out v Outside-in: How VR tracking works, and how it's going to change
`Case 6:21-cv-00755-ADA Document 61-7 Filed 05/20/22 Page 4 of 8
`Latency is better for outside-in too right now, making it
`less likely you'll feel nauseous. Until we can get this level of
`power into lower cost hardware, outside-in will continue to
`be the most powerful form of tracking - that's why there's
`still benefits of outside-in for mobile VR.
`
`One of the main limitations is a problem called occlusion,
`which is the technical term for "stuff getting in the way".
`Should you suddenly vanish behind a couch or tall plant,
`and out of sight of the cameras, they'll have a harder time
`tracking you. It doesn't just have to be other objects: the
`sensors need to be able to track you effectively in 360
`degrees, else they'll lose your placement the moment you
`turn around.
`
`The other big problem is the limitation of the cameras.
`Unlike inside-out, you're only tracked as long as you're in
`its field of view, and as soon as you step outside of that
`space the immersion dies. This can be particularly
`problematic if you have limited space for your VR setup.
`
`In this scenario, the camera is placed on the device being tracked
`and looks out to determine how its position is changing in
`relation to the external environment. As the headset moves, the
`sensor re-coordinates its place in the room, giving the
`impression that you're moving through the virtual environment
`in real time. Inside-out tracking can be done with or without
`markers around the environment. While headsets like the Pico
`Neo CV offer the freedom to use them where you want, you may
`also recall that picture of a Valve demo room, where fudicial
`markers covered the walls in order to aid the inside-out tracking.
`
`Read next: The race to mixed reality is on
`
`Living Proof
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`https://www.wareable.com/vr/inside-out-vs-outside-in-vr-tracking-343
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`3/7
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`Cons
`Inside-out
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`3/2/22, 12:52 PM
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`Inside-out v Outside-in: How VR tracking works, and how it's going to change
`Case 6:21-cv-00755-ADA Document 61-7 Filed 05/20/22 Page 5 of 8
`We're starting to see companies offer compelling inside-out
`solutions, including Qualcomm's 835 reference headset,
`designed to help other manufacturers build their own systems.
`Eonite also showed us its inside-out solution, a sensor attached
`to a HTC Vive that, while still wired, allowed us to roam freely in
`the virtual world without any sensors around the room. The big
`one though is Microsoft, which is using inside-out in HoloLens
`as well as its upcoming Holographic headsets, including the Acer
`'mixed reality' HMD.
`
`Freedom! With inside-out you're not restricted to a play
`space, so mobility is increased and the virtual feels a bit
`more… real.
`
`For augmented and mixed reality, inside-out tracking will
`become essential as we demand more mobility from the
`systems.
`
`Accuracy and latency. Inside-out tracking requires good
`computer vision, and this technology is a little further
`behind outside-in solutions, but it's getting there.
`
`All computational work must be done by the headset itself.
`
`Perfectly accurate inside-out tracking is the holy grail of all the
`"realities". After all, who wants to be leashed to a computer like a
`misbehaved dog when exploring far-flung universes in VR?
`
`"I suspect we may see outside in continue to exist only in the
`high-end desktop PC part of the market (Vive) as the absolute
`best solution and will likely be the last to move towards inside
`out," says Anshel Sag, a VR analyst at Moore Insights & Strategy.
`Living Proof
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`https://www.wareable.com/vr/inside-out-vs-outside-in-vr-tracking-343
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`4/7
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`Pros
`Cons
`So where is all this going?
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`3/2/22, 12:52 PM
`
`Inside-out v Outside-in: How VR tracking works, and how it's going to change
`Case 6:21-cv-00755-ADA Document 61-7 Filed 05/20/22 Page 6 of 8
`
`Replay
`
`"I believe we may also see some new tracking solutions come out
`that could accelerate the move towards inside out, but those are
`yet to exist. Ultimately, technologies like VR and AR tend to
`gravitate towards integration for a multitude of reasons and
`there are plenty of reasons why integrated tracking is beneficial,
`especially in AR. Many of those reasons have to do with
`portability and power consumption, both of which are pain
`points for many VR solutions today without inside out tracking."
`
`Perhaps one future solution won't require making a leap in
`technology, but exploiting a human foible. There's an interesting
`locomotion technique called 'redirected walking' that takes
`advantage of our inability to walk in a straight line. Yeah that's
`right - try putting a blindfold on someone and get them to walk
`forward, you'll see what we mean.
`
`This means it's possible to manipulate someone's trajectory
`slightly in VR and have them believe they're still following a
`straight line. While a flaw in the real world, in the virtual one this
`could prove advantageous when it comes to positional tracking.
`
`Here's an example of redirected walking in action, where a
`circular arc with a radius of at least 22m is used to trick people
`walking round and round into thinking they're going in a straight
`line. The problem here is that this requires a large play space to
`work, but the "unlimited corridor" is one other interesting
`technique in positional tracking being explored.
`
`
`Unlimited CorridorUnlimited Corridor
`https://www.wareable.com/vr/inside-out-vs-outside-in-vr-tracking-343
`
`Living Proof
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`5/7
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`3/2/22, 12:52 PM
`
`Inside-out v Outside-in: How VR tracking works, and how it's going to change
`Case 6:21-cv-00755-ADA Document 61-7 Filed 05/20/22 Page 7 of 8
`
`Unlimited CorridorUnlimited Corridor
`
`While inside-out tracking has started creeping in, we're yet to see
`it hit headsets like Daydream VR and Samsung Gear VR. But give
`it time. It seems logical that this is the way forward for spatial
`tracking, especially with all the promises and demands of AR.
`Back in 2014, John Carmack tweeted that he was working on
`inside-out positional tracking but that "everyone is skeptical that
`it will work out, so don't hold your breath". Now, it feels like
`more of an inevitability.
`
`https://www.wareable.com/vr/inside-out-vs-outside-in-vr-tracking-343
`
`6/7
`
`Living Proof
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`TAGGED VR
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`3/2/22, 12:52 PM
`
`Inside-out v Outside-in: How VR tracking works, and how it's going to change
`Case 6:21-cv-00755-ADA Document 61-7 Filed 05/20/22 Page 8 of 8
`
`https://www.wareable.com/vr/inside-out-vs-outside-in-vr-tracking-343
`
`7/7
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