Case 6:14-cv-00982-KNM Document 139-9 Filed 10/26/15 Page 1 of 4 PageID #: 1122
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`-KNMDocumen Page2of 4 PagelD #:: make
`Microsoft
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`software, the Internet, and more!
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`Microsoft
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`Fully updated with the | cc
`technologies, terms, and
`Easy to read, expertly illustra
`Definitive coverage of hardware,~
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`

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`Case 6:14-cv-00982-KNM Document 139-9 Filed 10/26/15 Page 3 of 4 PageID #: 1124
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`‘!
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`PUBLISHED BY
`Microsoft Press
`A Division of Microsoft Corporation
`One Microsoft Way
`Redmond, Washington 98052-6399
`Copyright © 2002 by Microsoft Corporation
`of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
`All tights reserved. No part
`or by any means without the written permission of the publisher.
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`Microsoft Computer Dictionary.--Sth ed.
`p..cm.
`ISBN 0-7356-1495-4
`iu Computers--Dictionaries.
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`2. Microcomputers--Dictionaries.
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`2002
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`200219714
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`AQ76.5. M52267
`004'.03--de21
`Printed and bound in the United States of America.
`123456789 QWT 765432
`Distributed in Canada by Penguin Books Canada Limited.
`this book is available from the British Library.
`A CIP catalogue record for
`Microsoft Press books are available through booksellers and distributors worldwide. For further informa-
`tion about international editions, contact your local Microsoft Corporation office or contact Microsoft
`Press International directly at fax (425) 936-7329. Visit our Website at www.microsoft.com/mspress.
`_ Send comments to mspinput@microsoft.com.
`Active Desktop, Active Directory, ActiveMovie, ActiveStore, ActiveSyne, ActiveX, Authenticode,
`BackOffice, BizTalk, ClearType, Direct3D, DirectAnimation, DirectDraw, DirectInput, DirectMusic,
`DirectPlay, DirectShow, DirectSound, DirectX, Entourage, FoxPro, FrontPage, Hotmail, IntelliEye,
`IntelliMouse, IntelliSense, JScript, MapPoint, Microsoft, Microsoft Press, Mobile Explorer, MS-DOS,
`MSN,Music Central, NetMeeting, Outlook, PhotoDraw, PowerPoint, SharePoint, UltimateTV, Visio,
`Visual Basic, Visual C++, Visual FoxPro, Visual InterDev, Visual J++, Visual SourceSafe, Visual Studio,
`Win32, Win32s, Windows, Windows Media, Windows NT, Xbox are cither registered trademarks or
`trademarks of Microsoft Corporation jn the United States and/or other countries. Other product and
`company names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners.
`organizations, products, domain names, e-mail addresses, logos, people, places,
`th any real company, organization, product,
`The example companies,
`and events depictedherein are fictitious. No association Wi
`ded or should be inferred.
`domain name, e-mail address, logo, person, place, or eventis inten
`Acquisitions Editor: Alex Blanton
`Project Editor: Sandra Haynes
`
`Bady Part No. XK08-41929
`
`
`
`

`

`. Short for binary digit. The smallest unit of informa-
`a handled by a computer, One bit expresses a | or a Qin
`ary numeral, or a true or false logical condition, and
`tepresented physically by an element such as a high or
`voltage at one point in a circuit or a small spot on a
`&magnetized one wayorthe other. A single bit conveys
`information a human would consider meaningful. A
`ip of 8 bits, however, makes up a byte, which can be
`to represent many types of information,such asa let-
`f the alphabet, a decimaldigit, or other character. See
`ASCII, binary!, byte.
`{lock n. In computer graphics anddisplay, a rectangu-
`roup of pixels treated as a unit. Bit blocks are so
`because they are,literally, blocks of bits describing
`ixels’ display characteristics, such as color and inten-
`Programmersuse bit blocks and a techniquecalled bit
`kc transfer(bitblt) to display images rapidly on the
`and to animate them. See alse bit block transfer,
`
`lock transfer n. In graphics display and animation, a
`ramming technique that manipulates blocksofbits in
`ry that representthe color and otherattributes of a
`gular block of pixels forming a screen image. The
`‘described can range in size from a cursor to a catr-
`ach a bit block is moved through a computer's
`RAM asa unitso that its pixels can be rapidly dis-
`in a desired location on the screen, Thebits can
`ltered; for example, light and dark portions of an
`‘can be reversed, Successive displays can thus be -
`hange the appearance of an image or to move it
`ni the screen. Some computers contain special
`hardware for manipulating bit blocks on the
`ndependently of the contents of the rest of the
`‘This speeds the animation of small shapes,
`‘a program need not constantly compare and
`he background around the moving shape. Also
`bit. See also sprite.
`ce bit block transfer.
`
`>t n. An imaginary location into which data can
`ided. A bit bucket is a null input/output device
`‘h no data is read and to which data can be writ-
`it effect. The NUL device recognized by MS-
`it bucket. A directory listing, for example, sim-
`ears when sent to NUL,
`,
`
`bit data type n. In an Access project, a data type that
`stores either a 1 or 0 value, Integer values other than | or 0
`are accepted, but are always interpreted as 1.
`bit density n. A measure of the amountof information
`per unit of linear distance or surface area in a storage
`medium orper unit of time in a communications pipeline.
`
`hit depth 7. The numberofbits per pixel allocated for
`storing indexed color information in a graphicsfile.
`
`bit flipping n. A process of inverting bits—changing Is to
`Os and vice versa. For example, in a graphics program,to
`invert a black-and-white bitmapped image (to change
`black to white and vice versa), the program could simply
`flip the bits that compose the bit map.
`
`bitmap n. A data structure in memory that represents
`information in the form of a collection of individual bits.
`A bit mapts used to represent a bit image. Anotheruse of
`a bit map in some systems is the representation of the
`blocks of storage on a disk, indicating whether each block
`is free (0) or in use (1). See also bit image, pixel image.
`
`bitmapped font n. A set of characters in a particular size
`and style in which each character is described as 8 unique
`bit map (pattern of dots). Macintosh screen fonts are
`
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`60982-KNM Document 139-9 Filed 10/26/15 Page 4 of 4 PagelD #: 1125
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`examples of bitmapped fonts. See the illustration. See also
`
`bit image n. A sequential collection of bits that represents
`in memory an imageto be displayed onthe screen, partic-
`ularly in systems having a graphical user interface. Each
`bit in a bit image corresponds to one pixel (dot) on the
`screen. The screenitself, for example, represents a single
`bit image; similarly, the dot patterns forafl the characters
`in a font representa bit image ofthe font. In a black-and-
`while display each pixelis either white or black, so it can
`be represented by a single bit, The “pattern” of Qs and 1s
`in the bit image then determines the pattern of white and
`black dots forming an image on the screen. In a color dis-
`play the corresponding description of on-screenbits is
`called a pixel image because more than one bit is needed
`to represent each pixel, See also bitmap, pixel image.
`bit manipulation 7, An action intended to change only
`one or more individual bits within a byte or word, Manip-
`ulation of the entire byte or word is much more common
`and generally simpler. See also mask.
`
`