Case 2:21-cv-00040-JRG Document 70-6 Filed 09/02/21 Page 1 of 5 PageID #: 1332
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`Exhibit K
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`2nt 70-6 Filed 09/02/21 Page 2 of 5PagelD #: 1333
`Case 2:21-cv-00040-JRG Document 70-6 Filed 09/02/21 Page 2 of 5 PageID #: 1333
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`IEEE Std 100-1996 FOR
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`REFERENCE ONLY
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`The IEEE Standard Dictionary of
`Electrical and Electronics Terms
`
`Sixth Edition
`
`Standards Coordinating Committee 10, Terms and Definitions
`Jane Radatz, Chair
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`This standard is one of a number of information technology dictionaries being developed by standards
`organizations accredited by the American National Standards Institute. This dictionarywas developed
`under the sponsorship of voluntary standards organizations, using a consensus-basedprocess.
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`“
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`ISBN 1-55937-833-b
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`| i
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`9°781 559°37833
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`DEFTS_00000010
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`

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`Case 2:21-cv-00040-JRG Document 70-6 Filed 09/02/21 Page 3 of 5 PageID #: 1334
`Case 2:21-cv-00040-JRG Document 70-6 Filed 09/02/21 Page 3 of 5PagelD#: 1334
`When the IEEE Standards Board approved this standard on 10 December 1996,it had the following
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`membership,
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`Richard J. Holleman, Vice Charr
`Donald C. Loughry, Chair
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`Andrew G, Salem, Secretary
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`Gilles A. Baril
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`Clyde R. Camp
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`Joseph A. Cannatelli
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`Stephen L, Diamond
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`Harold E. Epstein
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`Donald C. Fleckenstein
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`Jay Forster*
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`Donald N. Heirman
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`Ben C, Johnson
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`E. G. “Al” Kiener
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`Joseph L, Koepfinger*
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`Stephen R. Lambert
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`Lawrence V. McCall
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`L. Bruce McClung
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`Marco W. Migliaro
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`Mary Lou Padgett
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`John W. Pope
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`Jose R. Ramos
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`Arthur K. Reilly
`Ronald H. Reimer
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`Gary 8, Robinson
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`Ingo Riisch
`John $. Ryan
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`Chee Kiow Tan
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`Leonard L. Tripp
`Howard L. Wolfman
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`*Member Emeritus
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`Also included are the following nonvoting [EEE Standards Board liaisons:
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`Satish K. Aggarwal
`Alan H. Cookson
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`Chester C, Taylor
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`Kim Breitfelder (1995-present), /EEE Std 100 Editor
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`Stephen Huffman (1993-1995), JEEE Std 100 Editor
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`Assistance was provided by the IEEE Standards editorial staff.
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`Howto usethis dictionary
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`The terms defined in this dictionary are listedin /etter-by-letter alphabetical order. Spaces are ignored in
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`this style of alphabetization, so cable value will come before cab signal, Descriptive categories associated
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`with the term in earlier editions of IEEE Std 100 will follow the term in parentheses. New categories
`appear after the definitions (see Categories, below), followed by the designation of the standard or stan-
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`dards that includethe definition, If a standard designation is followed by theletter s, it means that edition
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`of the standard was superseded by a newer revision and the term was not included in the revision. If a
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`replaced by a revision, A bracketed numberrefers to the non-IEEE standard sources given in the back
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`incorporated alphabetically with other terms. Each acronym or abbreviation refers to its expanded term,
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`where il is defined. Acronyms and abbreviations for which no definition was included in past editions
`have been deleted from this edition of IEEE Std 100.
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`Abstracts of the current set of approved IEEE standards are provided in the back of the book. It should
`be noted that updated information about IEEE standards can be obtained at any time from the IEEE
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`Standards World Wide Website at http://standards.ieee.org/.
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`Categories
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`mation is providedto help elucidate the context of the definition. Older terms for which no category could
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`be found have hadthe category “Std!00”assigned to them. Note that terms from sources other than IEEE
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`standards, such as the National Electrical Code® (NEC®) or the National Fire Protection Association,
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`may not be from the most recent editions; the reader is cautioned to check the latest editionsofall sources
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`for the most up-to-date terminology.
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`DEFTS_00000011
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`DEFTS_00000011
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`Case 2:21-cv-00040-JRG Document 70-6 Filed 09/02/21 Page 4 of 5 PageID #: 1335
`SASE.Po@heal-00040-JRG Document 70;6 Filed 09/02/21 Page,4.efmAagelP #: 133%
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`electron sheath (gas) A film of electrons (or of sons) that has
`electroosmosis The movement of fluids through diaphragms
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`formed on or near vo surface that is held at a potential different
`that is as a result of the application ofan electric current.
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`(EEC/PE)
`(119)
`from that of the discharge, Syranyne ion sheath, See also,
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`discharge.
`[45], [84]
`(ED)
`electroosmotic potential (electrobiology) The electrokinetic
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`potential gradient producing unit velocity of liquid flow
`electron-stream potential (any point in an electron stream)
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`through a porous structure. See also: electrobiology.
`(eleciron tube) The time average of the potential differential
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`[47]
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`difference between that point and the electron-emitting sur-
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`face. See also: electron emission,
`161-1971w
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`electrophonic effect The sensation of hearing produced when
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`an alternating current of suitable frequency and magnitude
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`electron-streamtransmission efficiency (electron tube) (elec-
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`from an external source is passed through an animal.
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`trode through which the electronstream passes) The ratio of
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`[32
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`the average stream current through the electrode to the av-
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`electrophoresis A movement ofcolloidal ions as a result ofthe
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`erage streamcurrent approaching the electrode. Neale: In con-
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`tubes,
`nection with multitransit
`the term electron stream
`application of an electric potential, See alse: ion.
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`[119]
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`should be taken to include only electrons approaching the
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`electrode for the first time. See alse: clectron emission,
`electrophoretic potential (electrobiology) The electrokinetic
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`161-1971w
`potential gradient required to produce unit velocity of a col-
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`loidal or suspended material through a liquid electrolyte. See
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`electron (telescope An optical instrument for astronomy includ-
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`also: electrobiology.
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`ing an electronic image transformer associated with an optical
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`electroplating The electrodeposition of an adherent coating
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`lelescope. See alsa: electron optics.
`(ED)
`[45], [84]
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`upon an object for such purposes as surface protection or
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`electron tube An electron device in which conduction by elec-
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`decoration,
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`[119]
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`trons takes place through «a Vacuum or gaseous medium within
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`electropneumatic brake An air brake that
`is provided with
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`a gastight envelope. Note: The envelope may be either
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`electrically controlled valves for control of the application
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`pumped during operation or sealed off.
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`161-197 lw
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`and release of the brakes. Nore: The electric control is usually
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`electron-tube admittances The cross-referenced terms gener-
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`in addition to a complete air brake equipment to provide a
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`alize the familiar clectron-tube coefficients so that they apply
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`more prompt and synchronized operation ofthe brakes on two
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`to all types of electron devices operated at any frequencyas
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`or more vehicles, Sve afso: electric braking.
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`linear transducers. Note: The generalizations include the fa-
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`[119]
`(EEC/PE)
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`miliar low-frequency tube concepts. In the case of a riode, for
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`electropneumatic contactor (1) A contactor actuated by air
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`example, at relatively low frequencies the short-circuit input
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`pressure. See alsu; contactor,
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`[60]
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`admittance reduces to substantially the grid admittance, the
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`(2) (electropneumatic unit switch) A contactor or switch
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`short-circuit output admittance reduces to substantially the
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`controlled electrically and actuated by air pressure. See also:
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`plate udmittance, the short-circuit forward admittance reduces
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`(VT)
`contactor; control switch.
`16-1955w
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`to substantially the grid-plate transconductance, and the short-
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`electropneumatic controller An electrically supervised con-
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`circuit feedback admittance reduces to substantially the ad-
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`troller having someorall ofits basic functions performed by
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`mittance of the grid-plate capacitance, When reference is
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`air pressure. See a/so: electric controller; multiple-unit con-
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`made to alternating-vollage or -current components, the com-
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`trol,
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`ponents are understood to be small enough so that linear re-
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`electropneumatic interlocking machine An interlocking ma-
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`lations hold between the various alternating voltages and cur-
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`chine designed for electric control of electropneumatically
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`rents. Consider a generalized network or transducer having n
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`operated functions. See alse: centralized traffic-control
`available terminals to each of which is flowing a complex
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`(EEC/PE)
`system.
`|119|
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`alternating component J; of the current and between each of
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`electropneumatie valye Anelectrically operated valve that con-
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`which and a reference point (which may or may not be one
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`trols the passage ofair.
`(EEC/PE)
`[119]
`of the n network terminals) is applied a complex alternating
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`electropolishing (electroplating) The smoothing or brightening
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`voltage V,. This network represents an n-terminal electron
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`device in which each one of the terminals is connected to an
`of a metal surface by making it anodic in an appropriate so-
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`electrode.
`(BEC/PE)
`[119]
`lution, See alse: electroplating.
`(EEC/PE)
`[119]
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`electrorefining The process of electrodissolving a metal [rom
`electron-tube amplifier An amplifier that obtains its amplifying
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`properties by means of electron tubes,
`(LA)
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`an impure anode and depositing it ina more pure state.
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`electron-wave tube An electron tube in which mutually inter-
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`acting streams of electrons having different velocities cause
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`4 signal modulation to change progressively along their
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`(ED)
`length,
`161-197 lw
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`electronvolt The kinetic energy acquired by anelectron in
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`Passing through a potential difference of 1V in vacuum;
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`LeV = 1.602 19 © 10°!J approximately.
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`(QUL) 268-1982s
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`tlectro-optic effect (fiber optics) A change in the refractive
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`index of a material under the influence of an electric field,
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`Notes:
`|. Pockels and Kerr effects are electro-optic effects
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`that are respectively linear and quadratic in the electric field
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`Strength, 2. “Electro-optic™is oflen erroneously used as asyn-
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`onym for “optoelectronic.” See alse: optoelectronic.
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`(Stdl00) S12-1984w
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`electro-optic field meter A meter that measures changes in the
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`transmission of light through a fiber or crystal due to the in-
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`Hluence of the electric field. Nore: While there are several
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`tlectro-optic methods that can be used for measuring electric
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`fields, ¢.g., the Pockels effect, the Kerr effect, and interfero-
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`metric techniques, this recommended practice only considers
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`electro-optic field meters that utilize the Pockels effect,
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`(PE/T&D)
`1308-1904
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`electroretinogram See: electrodermogram,
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`electrascope An electrostutic device for indicating a potential
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`difference or an electric charge. See also: instrument.
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`(EEC/PE)
`[119]
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`electrosensitive printer A nonimpact printer in which images
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`are generated on specially coated paper by an electric stylus.
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`(C) 610, 10-1994
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`electroshock therapy The production of 4 reaction in the central
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`nervous system by means ofelectric current applied to the
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`cranium, See also: electrotherapy.
`(EMB)
`[47]
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`electrostatic actuator An apparatus constituting an auxiliary
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`external electrode that permis the application of known elec-
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`trostatic forces to the diaphragm of a microphonefor the pur-
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`pose of obtaining « primary calibration. See alse; micro-
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`phone.
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`[32]
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`electrostatic coupling Sce: signal.
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`electrostatic deflection (vathode-ray tubes) Deflecting an elee-
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`tron beamby the action of anelectric field. See also: cathode-
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`ray tube,
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`electrostatic discharge (ESD) (1) Electrical discharges ofstatic
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`electricity that build up on personnel or equipment, generated
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`by interaction ofdissimilar materials.
`1143-1994
`(PE)
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`DEFTS_00000012
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`Case 2:21-cv-00040-JRG Document 70-6 Filed 09/02/21 Page 5 of 5 PageID #: 1336
`Case 2:21-cv-00040-JRG Document 70-6 Filed 09/02/21 Page 5 of 5 PagelD#: 1336
`Thomson heat
`1108
`three-phase circuit
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`and accessed by plhread_gelspecifrc() are maintained on a
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`ihe material of the conductor. A consequenceof this effect is
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`thal if a current exists in a conductor between two points at
`per-thread basis and persist for the life of the calling thread,
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`(C/PA) 9945-1-1906
`different temperatures, heat will be absorbed orliberated de-
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`pending on the material and on the sense of the current.
`threat (1) A potential violation ofsecurity.
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`(C/LM) 802,10-1992
`2. In a nonhomogeneous conductor, the Peltier effect andthe
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`Thomson effect cannot be separated. See also: thermoelectric
`(2) Means by which a system may be adversely affected.
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`Threats include both inadvertent and malicious actions.
`device,
`[46]
`(ED)
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`(BA/C) 896,3-1993
`Thomson heat The thermal energy absorbed or evolved as a
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`resull of the Thomson effect. See alse: thermoelectric device.
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`three-address Pertaining to an instruction code in which cach
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`(ED)
`[46]
`instruction has three address parts, Also called (riple-address.
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`In a typical three-address instruction the addresses specify the
`thrashing A stute in which a computer sys-tem is expending
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`most or all of its resources on overhead operations, such as
`location of two operands and the destination of the result, and
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`the instructions are taken from storage in a preassigned order.
`swapping data belween main and auxiliary storage, rather
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`than on intended computing functions.=(C) 61012-1990, See also: two-plus-one address. (C) 162-1963w
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`thread (1) (control) A contro! function that provides for main-
`three-address instruction (1) A computer instruction that con-
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`tains three addressfields, For example, an instruction to add
`tained operation ofa drive al a preset reduced speed such as
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`for setup purposes, See alse: electric drive.
`(TA)
`[60]
`the contents of locations A and B, and place the results in
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`location C. Contrast: four-address instruction; one-address
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`(2) (data management) In u tree, a set of link fields, one in
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`instruction; (wo-address instruction; zero-address instruction,
`each node, each of which points to the successor or prede-
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`(C) 610.12-1990
`cessor ofthat node with respect to a particular traversal order.
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`(C) 610.5-1990
`(2) An instruction containing three addresses. Synonym: ti-
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`(3) A single flowof control within a process. Each thread has
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`ple-address instruction, See alse: address format.
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`(C) 610,10-1994
`its own thread ID, scheduling priority and policy, errno value,
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`thread-specific key/value bindings, and the required system
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`resources (o support a flow of control. Anything whose ad-
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`dress may be determined by a thread, including but not lim-
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`ited to static variables, storage obtained via malloc(), directly
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`addressable storage obtained through implementation-sup-
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`plied functions, and autornatic variables shall be accessible
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`to all threads in the same process,
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`(4) A single sequential flow of control within a process.
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`{C/PA)
`1224.2-1994, 1326,2-1993, 1327.2-1993,
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`1328.2-1993, 14252-1996
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`threaded coupling (rigid steel conduit) An internally threaded
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`steel cylinder for connecting two sections ofrigid steel con-
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`[28]
`(EEC)
`duit,
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`threaded tree A tree whose nades contain link fields for one or
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`more threads, allowing nonrecursive traversal of the tree. See
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`also: doubly-threaded tree; left-threaded tree; right-threaded
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`tree; triply-threaded tree.
`(C) 610.5-1990
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`thread [D A unique value of type pthread_t that identifies each
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`thread during its lifetime in a process.
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`(C/PA) 9945-1-1996
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`threading line (conductor stringing equipment) A lightweight
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`flexible line, rormally manila or synthetic fiber rope, used to
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`lead a conductor through the bullwheels of a tensioner or
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`pulling line through a bull wheel puller. Synenyrrs; bull line;
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`threading rope.
`(PE/T&D) 524-1992
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`threading rope See: threading line.
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`thread list An ordered set of runnable threads that all have the
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`same ordinal Value for their priority, The ordering of threads
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`on the list is determined by a scheduling policy or policies.
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`The set of thread lists includes all runnuble threads in the
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`system,
`(C/PA) 9945-1-1996
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`thread of control A sequence ofinstructions executed by a
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`conceptual sequential subprogram, independent of any pro-
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`gramming language. More than one thread of control may
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`execute concurrently, interleaved on a single processor, or on
`separate processors, The conceptual threads of contro! in an
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`Ada application are Ada tasks, They may, but need not, cor-
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`respond to the POSIX threads defined in POSIX. lc.
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`(C/PA) LO03.5b-1995
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`thread-safe A function that may be safely invoked concurrently
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`by multiple threads. Each function defined by this standard is
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`thread-safe unless explicitly stated otherwise. An example is
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`any “pure” function (a function that holds a mutex locked
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`while it is accessing static storage or objects shared among
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`threads).
`(C/PA) 9945-1-1996
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`thread-specitie data key A process global handle of type
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`plireadkeys that
`is used for naming thread-specifie data.
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`Although the same key value may be used by different
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`threads, the values bound to the key by pthread_setspecific()
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`three-bit byte See: triplet.
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`three-conductor bundle See: bundle.
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`three-dimensional graphics The presentation of data on a two-
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`dimensional display surface so that it appears to represent a
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`three-dimensional model, and can be viewed from any posi-
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`tion. Note: Each coordinate of the model contains a triplet of
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`information; for example, x, y, and z in the Cartesian coor-
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`dinate system.
`(C) 610.6-1991
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`three-dimensional hardware A graphical display processor
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`that accepts three-dimensional information as input and gen-
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`erates an image directly rather than using a projection trans-
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`formation.
`(C) 610.6-1991
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`three-dimensional priority The property possessed by a line
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`or surface that is in front of another line or surface from the
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`viewer's perspective.
`(C) 610.6-1991
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`three-dimensional radar (navigation aid terms) A radar ca-
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`pable of producing three-dimensional position data on a mul-
`liplicity of targets.
`172-1983w, 686-1990w
`(AE)
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`3GL See: high-order language.
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`three-input adder See; full adder.
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`three-level address See; n-level address.
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`3-of-9 bar cade A variable length, bidirectional, discrete, self-
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`checking, alpha-numeric bar code. Its basic data character set
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`contains 43 characters: 0 to 9, A to Z, —, .,/, +, 5, %, and
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`space, Each character is composed of 9 elements; 5 bars and
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`4 spaces. Three of the nine elements are wide (binary value
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`1) and six are narrow (binary value 0), A commoncharacter
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`(*) is used exclusively for both a start and stop character,
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`(PE) CS7.12,35-1996
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`three-phase ac fields (electric and magnetic fields from ac
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`powerlines) Three-phase transmissionlines generate a (hree-
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`phase field whose space components are not
`in phase. The
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`field at any point can be described by the field ellipse, thatis,
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`by the magnitude and direction of the serni-major axis and
`the magnitude and direction ofits semi-major axis. In a three-
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`phase field, the electric field at large distances = 15 meters
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`(m) away from the outer phases (conductors) can frequently
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`be considered a single-phase field because the minor axis of
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`the electric field ellipse is only a fraction (less than LO) of
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`the major axis when measured at a height of | m. Similar
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`remarks apply for the magnetic field, See also; electric field
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`strength.
`(PE/T&D) 644-1979
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`three-phase circuit
`(electric installations on shipboard)
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`(power and distribution transformers) A combination of
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`circuits energized by alternating electromotive forces which
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`differ in phase by one-ihird of a cycle (120 degrees). In prac-
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`tice, the phases may vary several degrees from the specified
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`angle,
`(A/PE) 45-1983r, C57.12.80-1978r
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`DEFTS_00000013
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`DEFTS_00000013
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