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`Case No. 1:23-cv-01252-SKC Document 1 filed 05/18/23 USDC Colorado pg 2 of 13
`
`4.
`
`Crusoe makes, markets, sells, offers to sell, manufactures, distributes, and
`
`operates flare gas capture technology, e.g., Crusoe’s so-called “Digital Flare Mitigation”or
`
`similar technology comprising cryptocurrency mining systems connected to sources of stranded
`
`natural gas in, at least, Colorado, North Dakota, and Texas. Further, Crusoeis registered to do
`
`business in Colorado and has infringed Upstream’s ’372 Patent in Colorado and in otherstates
`
`where it does business.
`
`JURISDICTION AND VENUE
`
`5.
`
`This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over Plaintiff Upstream’s patent
`
`infringement claims pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1331 and 1338(a) because they arise under the
`
`laws of the United States, specifically those related to the infringement of U.S. Patents, 35
`
`U.S.C. § 1, et seq.
`
`6.
`
`This Court has specific and general personal jurisdiction over Crusoeatleast
`
`because it makes andusesinfringing products and methodsin this judicial district and markets,
`
`distributes, offers for sale, uses, and/or sells infringing products and methods throughout the
`
`United States from this judicial district. This Court further has specific personal jurisdiction over
`
`Crusoe, because, as described herein, it purposefully availsitself, and enjoys the benefits, of the
`
`laws of Colorado,it has sufficient minimum contacts with the State of Colorado andthis judicial
`
`district, this action arises out of these contacts, and exercising jurisdiction over Crusoe would be
`
`reasonable and comport with the requirements of due process. For example, Crusoe
`
`manufactures containerized modular cryptocurrency mining systems connected to sources of
`
`stranded natural gas, e.g., so-called “Digital Flare Mitigation” systems (hereinafter referred to as
`
`“Infringing Crusoe Products”), in this district. Moreover, Crusoeusesits facilities in this district
`
`to enter into contracts to install and operate Infringing Crusoe Products,as well as to actually
`
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`12. Mr. Barbour conceived of and reducedto practice a pioneering solution to the
`
`stranded gas problem whichhadthe further benefit of allowing blockchain mining without costly
`
`energy consumption and undesirable concentration. This pioneering technology is described in
`
`the 372 patent which claimspriority to a February 8, 2017 provisional application by Mr.
`
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`
`Case No. 1:23-cv-01252-SKC Document 1 filed 05/18/23 USDC Colorado pg 4o0f 13
`
`World Bank estimates that 139 billion cubic meters of natural gas is flared each year, enough gas
`
`to power the whole of sub-Saharan Africa. See
`
`https://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/gasflaringreduction/gas-flaring-explained. The flaring
`
`results in 350 million tons of CO2 equivalent emissions annually./d.
`
`10.
`
`Stephen Barbour, the sole named inventor of the ’372 patent and the founder of
`
`Upstream,set out to find a solution to provide well owners and operators with an incentive to
`
`stop the wasteful venting and flaring of stranded gas. Mr. Barbour realized that the gas could be
`
`effectively “un-stranded” by converting it at the well site to a digital currency such as Bitcoin.
`
`11.
`
`As is well-known and describedin the ’372 Patent, generating a digital currency
`
`(also known asa cryptocurrency) such as Bitcoin is referred to as blockchain mining and
`
`involves energy-intensive computational efforts comprising running a cryptographic hashing
`
`algorithm on specialized mining processors. See Ex. 1 at col. 13:5-52, 17:9-22. Since the energy
`
`cost of running blockchain mining equipmentis the primary operating cost, cryptocurrency
`
`minerstraditionally congregate in locales with cheap electric power such as China. See Ex. 1 at
`
`col. 14:4-20. Such concentration is undesirable because it underminesthe distributed and secure
`
`architecture of the cryptocurrency. Jd. Of course, it is also costly because the energy consumed
`
`by blockchain mining could be put to other productive uses.
`
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`and difficult-to-access well sites as illustrated in Fig. 6. Exemplary components of a blockchain
`
`mineareillustrated in Fig. 4 and include multiple mining processors 92; cooling equipment such
`
`as ventilation fan 76; various electrical powerdistribution and transformation components;
`
`network equipment88 to wirelessly connect the remote mineto the internet; and a controller 86
`
`to manage and modulate mine operation automatically and in response to energy availability.
`
`15.
`
`In 2017 Mr. Barbour founded Upstream to develop, manufacture and
`
`commercialize his breakthrough invention. To date Upstream has deployed over 350 Bitcoin
`
`mining systems at hundreds of remote well sites across U.S. and Canada therebyalleviating the
`
`Case No. 1:23-cv-01252-SKC Document 1 filed 05/18/23 USDC Colorado pg 5 of 13
`
`13.
`
`By wayofanillustration, Fig. 2 of the °372 patent shows an embodiment of Mr.
`
`Barbour’s invention comprising a system for powering a blockchain mineat a remote oil well 14
`
`where the well site is equipped with an engine 56 using stranded gasto drive a generator 28
`
`powering a Bitcoin mine 12:
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`14.|Embodimentsofthe inventive stranded gas blockchain mining system are
`
`containerized or enclosed on a skid ortrailer for ease of installation and maintenance at remote
`
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`17.
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`Defendant Crusoe competes with Upstream by manufacturing, selling and
`
`operating cryptocurrency mining systems connected to sourcesof stranded gas. In particular,
`
`Crusoesells and/or operates so-called “Digital Flare Mitigation” systemsillustrated in the
`
`following figure from Crusoe’s website at https://www.crusoeenergy.com/digital-flare-
`
`mitigation:
`
`Case No. 1:23-cv-01252-SKC Document 1 filed 05/18/23 USDC Colorado pg 6 of 13
`
`stranded gas venting andflaring problem. Mr. Barbour’s patented technology is embodied in a
`
`number of Upstream’s products such as the Ohmm Combobitcoin mining system illustrated
`
`16.
`
`Claimsof the ’372 patent are directed to a numberof technological solutions
`
`invented by Mr. Barbour and practiced by Upstream’s products.
`
`

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`technology as a “system, which harnesses stranded natural gas to create on-site powerthat
`
`supports intensive computing functions, such as Bitcoin mining.” Ex. 2 at J 27.
`
`19. Whetherin litigation, the press, social media, industry conferences or investor
`
`presentations, Crusoe describesitself and its Digital Flare Mitigation systems (comprising the
`
`Infringing Crusoe Products) as “pioneering” and “innovative.” See e.g., Ex. 2 at J 29 and 30.
`
`20.
`
`However, Crusoe developed the Infringing Crusoe Products years after Mr.
`
`Barbour conceived and reducedto practice the truly innovative technology claimed by the 7372
`
`patent and embodied in Upstream’s products. Accordingly, Crusoe is a follower rather than a
`
`pioneer, and its Infringing Crusoe Products infringe one or more claimsof the ’372 patent as
`
`alleged herein.
`
`21.
`
`Oninformation and belief, at the time Crusoe was developing the Infringing
`
`Crusoe Products and through today, Crusoe was aware of Upstream andits patented technology.
`
`Case No. 1:23-cv-01252-SKC Document 1 filed 05/18/23 USDC Colorado pg7of 13
`
`63%
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`
`Crusoe's goalis to reducethe routineflaring of
`natural gas.
`
`Crusoeprovidesoil and gas companieswith a fast,
`low cost andsimplesolution to natural gasflaring.
`
`As the energy industry works to address
`infrastructure constraints and increasing
`environmental standards around flaring and
`
`18.=Inpriorlitigation brought by Crusoeinthis district, its complaint described
`
`Crusoeprincipals Charles Cavness and Chase Lochmiller as allegedly conceiving their so-called
`
`Digital Flare Mitigation technology in 2018. See Ex. 2 at [J 26-28. Crusoe describedthis
`
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`28.
`
`Upstream realleges and incorporates by referencethe allegations ofparagraphs 1
`
`through 27 set forth above.
`
`29.
`
`Crusoehasdirectly infringed and continuesto infringe at least one claim of the
`
`’372 Patent by making,using, offering for sale, selling, and/or importing products, including at
`
`least the Infringing Crusoe Products, that meet every limitation,either literally or under the
`
`doctrine of equivalents, of at least claims 1-2 the ’372 Patent, in violation of 35 U.S.C. § 271 (a).
`
`Exemplary infringement of claims 1-2 of the ’372 Patent by the Infringing Crusoe Productsis
`
`demonstrated in the claim chart Exhibit 3. Exhibit 3 and any exhibits thereto, including
`
`embedded hyperlinks and references, are hereby incorporated in their entirety.
`
`30.
`
`To the extent specific components ofthe Infringing Crusoe Products are provided
`
`and/or operated by Crusoe’s customers, vendors or agents, Crusoe infringes at least claims 1-2 of
`
`the ’372 Patent jointly with its customers, vendors, or agents. On information and belief, Crusoe
`
`directs and controls such infringing act(s) of one or more of these third parties by establishing the
`
`mannerand timing of the one or morethird parties’ infringing act(s) and conditioning the
`
`participation of an activity or receipt of a benefit upon completion of the infringing act(s). Thus,
`
`Crusoeand the one or morethird-parties jointly infringe the ’372 Patent.
`
`Case No. 1:23-cv-01252-SKC Document 1 filed 05/18/23 USDC Colorado pg 9 of 13
`
`25.
`
`Upstream holds, by assignment,all right, title, and interest in and to the ’372
`
`Patent.
`
`26.
`
`27.
`
`Pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 282, the ’372 Patent is presumedvalid.
`
`Pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 287, Upstream has continuously markedits Bitcoin
`
`mining products with the ’372 Patent since the ’372 Patent issued on February 7, 2023.
`
`COUNT I
`
`Infringement of the ’372 Patent
`
`

`

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`Case No. 1:23-cv-01252-SKC Documenti1 filed 05/18/23 USDC Colorado pg 10 of 13
`
`31. With knowledge of the ’372 Patent, Crusoe hasactively induced, and continuesto
`
`induce, its customers and/or end users of the Infringing Crusoe Products to directly infringe one
`
`or more claimsof the ’372 Patent, including claims 1-2, in violation of 35 U.S.C. § 271(b).
`
`32.
`
`Crusoe has induced such customers and/orend usersto infringe by selling,aiding,
`
`providing support for, providing instructions for use of the Infringing Crusoe Products, and/or
`
`otherwise encouraging its customers and/or end-users to make,use, sell, or offer for sale the
`
`Infringing Crusoe Products to directly infringe, either literally and/or under the doctrine of
`
`equivalents, one or more claimsof the ’372 Patent, including claims 1-2.
`
`33. Asaresult of Crusoe’s inducement, its customers and/or end users operate and/or
`
`use the Infringing Crusoe Products, in waysthat directly infringe at least one claim of the ’372
`
`Patent. Crusoe had actual knowledgeof its customers’ and/or end users’ direct infringementat
`
`least by virtue ofits sales, instruction, and/or otherwise promotion of the Infringing Crusoe
`
`Products, as set forth above.
`
`34.
`
`Crusoe has been andis continuing to contributorily infringe the ’372 patent in
`
`violation of 35 U.S.C. § 271(c), at least by making available to third parties such as its customers
`
`and/or end users substantially or fully complete Infringing Crusoe Products, knowing that such
`
`Infringing Crusoe Products are especially made or adapted for practicing one or more claims of
`
`the ’372 patent and that they are nota staple article or commodity of commerce suitable for
`
`substantial non-infringing use. Specifically, Crusoe has known and knowsthat the Infringing
`
`Crusoe Productsinstalled at a remote well location directly infringe at least claims 1-2 of the
`
`°372 patent as set forth herein.
`
`10
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`deliberate;
`
`5)
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`A judgment awarding Upstream treble damagesas a result of Crusoe’s willful and
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`deliberate infringement of the ’372 Patent, pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 284;
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`6)
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`A judgment declaring this case is exceptional under 35 U.S.C. § 285 and awarding
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`costs, expenses, and attorneys’ fees to Upstream; and
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`7)
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`Awarding Upstream such other further relief as the Court deems just and proper.
`
`12
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`Case No. 1:23-cv-01252-SKC Documenti1 filed 05/18/23 USDC Colorado pg 12 of 13
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`PRAYER FOR RELIEF
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`WHEREFORE,Plaintiff Upstream respectfully prays for relief, as follows:
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`1)
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`A judgment that Crusoe hasdirectly and willfully infringed, actively induced
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`infringementof, and/or contributorily infringed one or more claimsof the ’372
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`Patent in violation of 35 U.S.C. § 271(a), (b), and/or (c);
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`2)
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`An order and judgment