( 12 ) United States Patent
`Oehring et al .
`
`US 10,598,258 B2
`( 10 ) Patent No .:
`( 45 ) Date of Patent :
`Mar. 24 , 2020
`
`US010598258B2
`
`( 54 ) MULTI - PLUNGER PUMPS AND
`ASSOCIATED DRIVE SYSTEMS
`( 71 ) Applicant : U.S. Well Services , Inc. , Houston , TX
`( US )
`( 72 ) Inventors : Jared Oehring , Houston , TX ( US ) ;
`Lon Robinson , Houston , TX ( US ) ;
`Brandon N. Hinderliter , Houston , TX
`( US ) ; Alexander James Christinzio ,
`Houston , TX ( US )
`( 73 ) Assignee : U.S. Well Services , LLC , Houston , TX
`( US )
`Subject to any disclaimer , the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154 ( b ) by 0 days .
`( 21 ) Appl . No .: 16 / 210,807
`( 22 ) Filed :
`Dec. 5 , 2018
`( 65 )
`
`( * ) Notice :
`
`Prior Publication Data
`US 2019/0249754 A1 Aug. 15 , 2019
`Related U.S. Application Data
`( 60 ) Provisional application No. 62 / 594,912 , filed on Dec.
`5 , 2017
`( 51 ) Int . Cl .
`E21B 43/20
`F16H 3/52
`
`( 2006.01 )
`( 2006.01 )
`( Continued )
`
`( 52 ) U.S. Cl .
`F16H 3/52 ( 2013.01 ) ; E21B 37/00
`CPC
`( 2013.01 ) ; E21B 43/20 ( 2013.01 ) ; E21B 43/26
`( 2013.01 ) ;
`( Continued )
`Field of Classification Search
`None
`See application file for complete search history .
`
`( 58 )
`
`( 56 )
`
`References Cited
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`1,656,861 A
`1,671,436 A
`
`1/1928 Leonard
`5/1928 Melott
`( Continued )
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`AU
`CA
`
`7/2008
`2007340913
`11/2001
`2406801
`( Continued )
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`Non - Final Office Action dated Feb. 12 , 2019 in related U.S. Appl .
`No. 16 / 170,695 .
`
`( Continued )
`
`Primary Examiner — D. Andrews
`( 74 ) Attorney , Agent , or Firm
`- Hogan Lovells US LLP
`
`( 57 )
`ABSTRACT
`A hydraulic fracturing system for fracturing a subterranean
`formation is described according to various embodiments . In
`an embodiment , the system can include a multi - plunger
`hydraulic fracturing pump fluidly connected to a well asso
`ciated with the subterranean formation , the multi - plunger
`pump configured to pump fluid into a wellbore associated
`with the well at a high pressure so that the fluid passes from
`the wellbore into the subterranean formation and fractures
`the subterranean formation . In an embodiment , a plurality of
`motors can be positioned to power the multi - plunger pump ,
`and a planetary gear train can have a plurality of pinion gears
`in rotational contact with each of the plurality of motors . In
`an embodiment , a gear ratio of the planetary gear train and
`a speed at which the plurality of motors operates can be
`selected so as to limit a maximum pump speed associated
`with the multi - plunger pump .
`
`20 Claims , 10 Drawing Sheets
`
`130
`
`135
`
`100
`
`115
`
`110
`
`105
`
`AC
`
`125
`
`120
`
`LIBERTY EXHIBIT 1001, Page 1
`
`

`

`US 10,598,258 B2
`Page 2
`
`( 56 )
`
`( 51 ) Int . Ci .
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`F04B 17/03
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`E21B 43/26
`( 2006.01 )
`( 2006.01 )
`E21B 37/00
`F04B 49/20
`( 2006.01 )
`F16H 39/02
`( 2006.01 )
`( 52 ) U.S. CI .
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`( 2013.01 ) ; F04B 23/04 ( 2013.01 ) ; F04B 47/02
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`2017/0036872 A1
`2017/0037717 Al
`2017/0037718 A1
`2017/0051732 A1
`2017/0096885 Al
`2017/0104389 A1
`2017/0114625 A1
`2017/0145918 Al
`2017/0146189 Al
`2017/0159570 A1
`2017/0218727 Al
`2017/0218843 A1
`2017/0222409 A1
`2017/0226839 A1
`2017/0226842 A1
`2017/0234250 A1
`2017/0241221 Al
`2017/0259227 Al
`2017/0292513 Al
`2017/0313499 A1
`2017/0314380 A1
`2017/0328179 A1
`2017/0369258 A1
`2018/0028992 Al
`2018/0038216 Al
`2018/0156210 A1
`2018/0183219 Al
`2018/0216455 Al
`2018/0245428 A1
`2018/0258746 A1
`
`US 10,598,258 B2
`Page 4
`
`2018/0274446 A1
`2018/0320483 A1
`2018/0363437 Al
`2019/0003329 Al
`2019/00 10793 A1
`2019/0063309 Al
`2019/0100989 Al
`2019/0112910 A1
`2019/0120024 Al
`2019/0128080 A1
`2019/0162061 Al
`2019/0169971 Al
`2019/0178057 Al
`2019/0178235 A1
`2019/0203567 Al
`2019/0203572 Al
`2019/0211661 A1
`2019/0226317 Al
`2019/0245348 Al
`2019/0292866 Al
`2019/0292891 Al
`2019/0316447 Al
`
`9/2018 Oehring
`11/2018 Zhang
`12/2018 Coli
`1/2019 Morris
`1/2019 Hinderliter
`2/2019 Davis
`4/2019 Stewart
`4/2019 Oehring
`4/2019 Oehring
`5/2019 Ross
`5/2019 Stephenson
`6/2019 Oehring
`6/2019 Hunter
`6/2019 Coskrey
`7/2019 Ross
`7/2019 Morris
`7/2019 Reckels
`7/2019 Payne
`8/2019 Hinderliter
`9/2019 Ross
`9/2019 Kajaria
`10/2019 Oehring
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
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`
`LIBERTY EXHIBIT 1001, Page 4
`
`

`

`US 10,598,258 B2
`Page 5
`
`( 56 )
`
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`
`LIBERTY EXHIBIT 1001, Page 5
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar. 24 , 2020
`
`Sheet 1 of 10
`
`US 10,598,258 B2
`
`130
`
`135
`
`100
`
`115
`
`105
`
`0.40
`
`125
`
`120
`
`FIG.1
`
`LIBERTY EXHIBIT 1001, Page 6
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar. 24 , 2020
`
`Sheet 2 of 10
`
`US 10,598,258 B2
`
`230
`
`245
`
`09
`
`200
`
`235
`
`205
`
`240
`
`FIG.2
`
`LIBERTY EXHIBIT 1001, Page 7
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar. 24 , 2020
`
`Sheet 3 of 10
`
`US 10,598,258 B2
`
`lo HO
`
`OH
`
`350
`
`330
`
`300
`
`360
`
`355
`
`FIG.3
`
`LIBERTY EXHIBIT 1001, Page 8
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar. 24 , 2020
`
`Sheet 4 of 10
`
`US 10,598,258 B2
`
`Plunger Critcal Speed Calculations
`
`Puiu
`Stroka ( n . )
`
`Tripias
`
`9 Pluriger
`
`0.04999
`
`13 Plurger
`t .
`367
`007163
`
`S
`
`23
`
`Pulp
`Stroke ( 3x
`$
`
`Boxe
`
`0.32204
`202382
`
`T : olex
`
`0.01907
`0.02186
`
`1.3307
`
`0.03979
`
`Volume per rev , ( SBL )
`9.Plunger
`0.05245
`
`0.02914
`
`0.03673
`
`005857
`
`0.22623
`
`0.94371
`
`0.07869
`
`Puitp
`Stroke in
`S
`
`3.25 "
`
`T : lolex
`0.02052
`0.02302
`0 : 02565
`
`13
`
`0 : 0233
`
`Hun !
`Stroke in .
`
`9
`
`Triplex
`0.02370
`992677
`
`Vokime ter rev , ( SBL )
`9.Plunge
`
`0.08926
`2.97696
`0.08403
`
`0.02833
`1.0X27S
`
`0.05 : 30
`US $ 58
`
`voluire pey rev , ( 801 )
`Quint
`9 Plunger
`0.0 ? 140
`
`13 Plunger
`0.10313
`
`isy'ser : itasc02 : 20 : 08 Costrettspardon 8 ' stroke putrip
`n'secibased on 350zon ciokshatcsosedon . Skoke pung
`Oischarge Rates , ( OFM * Critical Speed
`Discharge Rsres : ( 8PM at Maximpin Speed
`9 Plunger
`13 Plugger
`Fodplex
`Quint
`9 Plunger 33 Plurger
`
`Crankshaft prn
`Maximurti
`
`120.00
`
`135.32
`
`109.09
`
`07.31
`
`73.85
`
`13 Plurger
`
`0.10419
`0.31356
`0.:2313
`
`13 Plurger
`
`0.100X
`01:16
`
`Discharge Rates , 82 Oritical Speed
`Triplex
`Quios
`9 lunger
`13 Plurger
`
`Discharge Rates , ( OPM at Maximum Speed
`Quint
`9 Plunger
`13 Plurige :
`
`6.29
`
`Discharge Rates , 8PM } ar Qitical Speed
`Friplex
`Quios
`9 lunger 13 Plunger
`
`Discharge Rates , { BPM at Maximum Speed
`Triplex
`Quirt
`9 Plunger
`13 Plurger
`
`5:33
`
`9:23
`
`Discharge Rates , ( 8Pmi at Critical Speed
`Triplex
`Quint
`$ Punger 13 Plunger
`
`Discharge Rates . ( BPMat Maxinum Speed
`Triplex
`9 Plunger 13 Plunger
`
`Crankshan som
`Oitical
`Naximum
`220.03
`130.X
`06.97
`96.09
`
`120.00
`109.9
`
`7.SS
`
`91.31
`
`Crankshan on
`Naktorun
`Oitical
`
`1557
`
`133.33
`
`73.95
`
`131
`
`Crailshaft 1.03
`Maximus
`
`120.00
`
`32.33
`120 , X :
`
`Bore
`
`Bone
`
`Stroke in
`
`Putten
`Stroke in . )
`
`4,5 "
`
`9
`
`0.03272
`092570
`0.05867
`
`Triplex
`0.03103
`
`0.33885
`
`0.0466 ?
`0.35052
`
`triplex
`0.02534
`0.34425
`0.04918
`
`per sev , B8 )
`9 Plunger
`0.09376
`
`Volo
`
`0.3518 :
`0.08820
`
`0.07124
`0.07773
`
`Volume per sev , 8L
`Quint
`9 Plunger
`B.USSS ?
`012803
`0.07327
`
`0.05903
`0.05393
`
`0.00836
`0.0095
`
`Puror
`Stroke in
`
`$ .0 "
`Pore
`
`13
`
`Triplex
`0 : 04S $ 7
`0.35464
`
`0.06679
`
`0.07893
`
`Volume persev , OBL }
`9 Plunger
`8.1457
`
`0.0809S
`0.29107
`0.101 : 9
`
`0.1821
`
`012113
`0.13253
`
`0.73257
`0.13780
`
`0.019 : 58
`0.05454
`0.35959
`
`0.03817
`010710
`0.13602
`
`0.12892
`
`G : S470
`0.16739
`
`$ 7 : 27
`
`73.35
`
`$ 2.23
`
`5.95
`
`0.1657
`0.12823
`
`0.:S:54
`
`0.45+
`0.16225
`
`0.19280
`
`15 Plunger
`033470
`G..SIS
`0.6838
`
`C.ZO.06
`9.21829
`
`13 Pringer
`
`0.13180
`0.21311
`0.33442
`0.25573
`
`13 Plurger
`6.210g
`0.23578
`
`0.28940
`0.315
`0.34202
`
`Crankstsoft nim
`Giocal
`Maximuo :
`120.00
`
`132.23
`
`72.25
`
`9231
`
`Crankshaft om
`Maximnun :
`150.00
`133.33
`
`320.00
`
`87.22
`$ 0.00
`73.25
`
`Crankshaft or
`Critical
`Niaximu :
`miripiri
`120.00
`
`135.33
`
`37.27
`
`73.85
`
`Discharge Rates , ( 5PM ) at Crascal Speed
`9 Plunger 23 Plunger
`Sriplex
`
`Discharge Rates , ( PPM ) 31 Maxintom Speed
`Triplex
`Quin :
`sülunger is plunger
`
`Discharge Rates , ( DPW at Critical Speed
`Triplex
`Quint
`9 Plonger
`33 Plunger
`
`Discharge Rates . ( BPM at Maximum Speed
`9 Plonger
`13 Plunger
`Trolex
`
`14.15
`
`20:46
`
`5.90
`
`25.57
`
`Discharge Rates , { 0
`Friplex
`Quirit
`
`} af Critical Speed
`9 lunger
`13 Plurger
`
`Discharge kates , ( 8PM , at Maximuo : Speed
`Triplex
`Quint
`9 Pluriges
`13 Plurger
`
`25.25
`
`22.36
`
`FIG . 4
`
`LIBERTY EXHIBIT 1001, Page 9
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar. 24 , 2020
`
`Sheet 5 of 10
`
`US 10,598,258 B2
`
`Trzalssi
`CAT YUSS - E90 R
`
`Foid Eric 0:00 :
`
`CAT TH55 - E90 Transmission - Quint Pumps
`
`9.67
`
`Engine
`
`Ponto
`Ctzok
`
`Oon
`KOM
`
`w
`
`Crank
`
`Fluid
`End
`
`45
`
`Puma
`
`Crank in
`
`Frane
`DET
`
`Pung
`Csakror
`
`goe
`om
`
`520
`
`is
`
`1505
`
`tnglos
`09
`
`19
`
`Puny
`Cranka )
`
`Ponto
`
`Bryne
`eni
`
`3
`
`Punto
`CANA
`SOM
`
`Seine
`
`crarik r
`
`. EM
`
`1685
`52
`.
`733
`
`743
`
`5:23 :
`
`6:75 :
`5:26
`
`w
`
`Encore
`
`: S2
`
`162
`
`29
`
`13
`
`SK
`
`Cubre
`1976 :
`......
`1319
`128x
`2523
`2016
`
`:: 2.95
`
`-75
`
`Pomig
`
`Crank pa
`
`Frane
`
`oms
`Cranky
`
`Puro
`Son
`
`Freine
`
`grars in
`
`mo
`BPK
`
`Engine
`
`120
`
`Peng
`OP
`Crank rom
`126 : 8 : 20
`1919
`
`End
`
`En
`
`1690
`
`Engine
`
`13
`is
`
`1656
`
`Pup
`Crank :
`
`Boost
`
`PWD
`Drare cox :
`
`$ S $
`
`* ? XX
`
`engre
`
`.
`
`: 55
`1700
`
`wa
`
`Pip
`C : 90 % cool
`
`ediu
`
`188
`
`106
`
`1953
`
`KO
`
`60
`
`2204
`
`1653
`
`17
`13
`
`SA
`
`SSS
`
`28
`
`SS :
`
`19:30
`
`20 : 2
`
`38
`230
`22 :
`
`383
`
`SPN
`
`Emre
`
`Cook root SPS
`
`engine
`spx
`
`Paro
`Conxo :
`
`PPM
`
`2
`
`M
`
`www .
`
`.
`
`33
`
`FIG . 5
`
`22
`
`190
`
`Puno
`Cak : ?m
`128G
`191 )
`
`APMX
`
`* sa
`22.02
`
`6
`
`1989
`
`1001
`
`S : 9032
`
`$
`275
`: 10.14
`
`12.62
`
`VIDEO
`
`38 %
`
`LIBERTY EXHIBIT 1001, Page 10
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar. 24 , 2020
`
`Sheet 6 of 10
`
`US 10,598,258 B2
`
`Frac Primo
`Faitd End
`Triplex
`Bure
`ABL rov
`
`Yronsoission
`Wison 98170 Ratics
`2.23
`
`3rd
`
`2,20
`
`6th 698
`
`Allison 9800 Transmission , Triplex Pumps
`
`Pump Crong
`
`umo
`
`Engine
`rom
`
`LUCU
`
`Puto
`
`48 : GO
`
`1550
`
`IS20
`ISSO
`
`1950
`
`Enzina
`pynt
`1500
`! S $ 0
`
`1950
`
`Engine
`rom
`
`3.78
`
`239
`
`27
`
`25 2
`223.2
`
`1353
`1393
`
`Pump Crack
`tpro
`
`Puma
`BEM
`
`A363
`121.6
`25.2
`1788
`2524
`SSS
`1995
`
`228
`152
`
`SSS
`S49
`
`Puma Crank
`
`Pump
`
`12:12
`
`5.9.1
`
`1900
`
`95 : 9
`1995
`
`6.25
`642
`6.60
`0.77
`
`1079 : Dark
`com
`
`1422
`146
`
`422
`
`-1.56
`
`Pump Crank
`Ini
`138.4
`
`dung
`8
`h
`
`226,2
`
`Puma Orari
`com
`13 : 4
`1378
`
`1467
`
`BMW
`
`692
`
`Engine
`rom
`
`USSI
`
`1790
`
`1963
`1930
`
`Engins
`fni
`3500
`1930
`
`0581
`
`GSST
`
`Engine
`torn
`1503
`2589
`
`1900
`1990
`
`My Crante
`ros
`
`Plan
`BRN
`
`Engine
`Ipin
`1900
`: 55
`
`WAX
`
`OX
`
`ALI
`
`Engine
`pos
`1500
`
`160G
`160
`
`Pump Crank
`FOI
`
`Pump
`8PN :
`
`X
`
`Entgyte
`mimi
`$ 120
`
`1850
`
`Engine
`com
`500
`
`Pump Crank
`com
`
`W08
`
`ISSO
`
`audus
`ud :
`
`2500
`ISSO
`1500
`
`Pump Crank
`10 !
`
`Pump
`
`Enging
`Mint
`3SCO
`
`otsad
`
`Xues
`
`Pump
`BOM
`
`1730
`
`1850
`
`1950
`
`FIG . 6
`
`LIBERTY EXHIBIT 1001, Page 11
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar. 24 , 2020
`
`Sheet 7 of 10
`
`US 10,598,258 B2
`
`Transmission
`Allison : 9200 Patios
`IS 603 :
`
`Frac Pump
`Sluid End
`Quis
`Bore
`88l / rX
`
`Allison 9800 Transmission , Quint Pumps
`
`Engine
`ym
`1500
`
`1700
`
`Pump Cronk Pump
`
`08
`
`SS
`
`asa
`
`56.5
`9,84
`202
`
`Eronx Puno renk
`yp
`PU )
`1234
`127.8
`
`48 Goss
`
`1700
`170
`: 920
`i90
`
`BO
`
`Engine
`rpm
`
`Puozp Cink
`rpm
`
`Puma
`BPM
`
`Engine
`rpm
`
`PUSTIO Cank
`yon
`
`996
`wo
`
`981 )
`
`GE .
`
`Engine
`com
`2550
`
`1850
`
`1950
`
`Engler
`som
`
`1650
`
`1750
`
`900
`1950
`
`Engine
`
`FLOTT Crank
`
`un
`PAM
`
`Engine
`rpm
`
`Pump Qark
`pot
`
`Pump
`8PM
`
`Puno Crank
`som
`
`Pump
`PPM
`
`Enging
`rpm
`1:30
`
`Pump Crank
`rpm
`
`Pump
`BPM
`
`Pump Crank
`ym
`
`Pump
`59M
`
`Engine
`tpyn
`
`Pump Creok
`pin
`
`Pump
`BORA
`
`Vest
`
`3790
`
`21.5.20
`
`: 650
`
`18 %
`1890
`
`:::
`
`FIG . 7
`
`1550
`
`1990
`Engine
`coin
`1500
`1550
`
`1650
`
`1750
`
`1952
`
`Puong
`
`653
`
`7.58
`wo
`wa
`
`Pusip
`BPM
`873
`
`9.32
`5.63
`
`3075
`
`46 %
`KV
`
`1750
`
`121.6
`282
`1288
`132 .
`
`766
`8:28
`& 43
`& 62
`& 2a
`932
`
`Pure Crank
`om
`
`Ploty
`BFM
`
`885
`
`Engine
`com
`
`12
`1252
`
`1922
`125
`
`4 $
`
`3:25
`391
`
`191
`
`Porus Orank
`pm
`1334
`
`1923
`
`Fung
`BPM
`ASO
`
`12:52
`283
`
`LIBERTY EXHIBIT 1001, Page 12
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar. 24 , 2020
`
`Sheet 8 of 10
`
`US 10,598,258 B2
`
`zasini bion
`
`FiNdoci
`
`CAT TH55 - E70 Transmission , Triplex Pumps
`
`WN ***
`
`Puny
`
`** :
`
`Pow
`
`( 8:43
`
`CAN Qual
`
`rant
`
`123
`
`engine
`ny
`
`RCKIEK
`
`97
`2 .
`
`POD
`
`1233
`
`D
`
`Ench
`
`3553
`
`*
`
`2:53
`
`Snice
`
`ivy duk Pry
`
`19 :
`
`1578
`
`428
`
`m
`120
`* 33.5
`
`INOO
`
`429
`
`552
`
`Poroan
`
`129.5
`25
`
`8
`
`ung
`SO
`
`868
`es
`
`$
`
`12
`
`49
`
`Pue
`
`5565
`
`IPM
`
`Vio
`
`SSS
`
`* SS
`
`32
`
`:: 88
`
`Pyry Ci4 + *
`mm
`
`Erdog
`11
`
`fon
`
`Muno
`
`OF
`
`ioon
`
`4 : *
`
`E : ine Puay Cream
`
`Swing
`
`: 08 : 0 ;
`
`*
`
`Erudno
`3505
`
`15656
`
`Dong
`SPAI
`
`S