`
`21ST EDITION
`
`Remington
`
`The Science and Practice
`of Pharmacy
`
`
`
`
`AN LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
`
`A Wolters Kluwer Company
`Philadelphia « Baltimore « New York « London
`Buenos Aires « Hong Kong « Sydney « Tokyo
`
`MYLAN - EXHIBIT 1006 - Part 1 of 2
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`

`
`
`Editor: David Troy
`Managing Editor: Matthew J. Hauber
`
`Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
`
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`Baltimore, Maryland 21201-2436 USA
`
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`All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means,
`including photocopying, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copy-
`right owner.
`
`The publisher is not responsible (as a matter of product liability, negligence or otherwise) for any injury resulting from any
`material contained herein. This publication contains information relating to general principles of medical care which should not
`be construed as specific instructions for individual patients. Manufacturer’s product information and package inserts should be
`reviewed for current information, including contraindications, dosages and precautions.
`
`Printed in the United States of America
`
`Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1885 by Joseph P Remington, in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at
`Washington DC
`
`Copyright 1889, 1894, 1905, 1907, 1917, by Joseph P Remington
`
`Copyright 1926, 1936, by the Joseph P Remington Estate
`
`Copyright 1948, 1951, by the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy and Science
`
`Copyright 1956, 1960, 1965, 1970, 1975, 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, by the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy and Science
`
`Copyright 2000, 2005, by the University of the Sciences in Philadelphia
`
`All Rights Reserved
`Library of Congress Catalog Card Information is available
`ISBN 0-683-306472
`
`
`
`
`The publishers have made every effort to trace the copyright holders for borrowed material. If they have inadvertently overlooked
`any, they will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity.
`
`The use of structural formulas from USAN and the USP Dictionary of Drug Names is by permission of The USP Convention. The
`Convention is not responsible for any inaccuracy contained herein.
`
`Notice—This text is not intended to represent, nor shall it be interpreted to be, the equivalent of or a substitute for the official
`United States Pharmacopeia (USP) and/or the National Formulary (NF). In the event of any difference or discrepancy between the
`current official USP or NF standards of strength, quality, purity, packaging and labeling for drugs and representations of them
`herein, the context and effect of the official compendia shall prevail.
`
`To purchase additional copies of this book call our customer service department at (800) 638-3030 or fax orders to (301)
`824-7390. International customers should call (301) 714-2324.
`
`02 03 04
`2345678910
`
`

`

`
`
`A treatise on the theory
`.
`.
`Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy .
`and practice of the pharmaceutical sciences, with essential
`information about pharmaceutical and medicinal agents, also, a
`guide to the professional responsibilities of the pharmacist as the
`drug information specialist of the health team .
`.
`. A textbook and
`reference work for pharmacists, physicians, and other practitioners of
`the pharmaceutical and medical sciences.
`
`EDITORIAL BOARD
`
`Paul Beringer
`
`Pardeep K. Gupta
`
`Ara DerMarderosian
`
`John E. Hoover
`
`Linda Felton
`
`Steven Gelone
`
`Nicholas G. Popovick
`
`William J. Reilly, Jr
`
`Alfonso R. Gennaro
`
`Randy Hendrickson, Chair
`
`AUTHORS
`
`The 133 chapters of this edition of Remington were written by
`
`the editors, by members of the Editorial Board, and by the au-
`
`thors listed on pages xi to xv.
`
`Director
`
`Philip P Gerbino 1995-2005
`
`Twenty-first Edition—2005
`
`Published in the 185th year of the
`PHILADELPHIA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY AND SCIENCE
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`
`
`
`
`Remington Historical/Biographical Data
`
`
`
`The following is a record of the editors and the dates of publi-
`cation of successive editions of this book, prior to the 13th
`Edition known as Remington’s Practice of Pharmacy and sub-
`sequently as Remington’s Pharmadeutical Sciences trhough
`the 20th edition.
`
`First Edition, 1886
`Second Edition, 1889
`Third Edition, 1897
`Fourth Edition, 1905
`Joseph P. Remington
`
`Fifth Edition, 1907
`Sixth Edition, 1917
`Joseph P. Remington
`
`Seventh Edition, 1926
`Editors
`E. Fullerton Cook
`Charles H. LaWall
`
`Eighth Edition, 1936
`Editors
`E. Fullerton Cook
`Charles H. LaWall
`
`Assisted by
`E. Fullerton Cook
`
`Associated Editors
`Ivor Griffith
`Adley B. Nichols
`Arthur Osol
`
`Ninth Edition, 1948
`Tenth Edition, 1951
`Editors
`E. Fullerton Cook
`Eric W. Martin
`
`Eleventh Edition, 1956
`Editors
`Eric W. Martin
`E. Fullerton Cook
`
`Twelfth Edition, 1961
`Editors
`Eric W. Martin
`E. Fullerton Cook
`E. Emerson Leuallen
`Arthur Osol
`Linwood F. Tice
`Clarence T. Van Meter
`
`Associated Editors
`E. Emerson Leuallen
`Arthur Osol
`Linwood F. Tice
`Clarence T. Van Meter
`
`Assistant to the Editors
`John E. Hoover
`
`
`
`
`Thirteenth Edition, 1965
`Editor-in-Chief
`Eric W. Martin
`Editors
`Grafton D. Chase
`Herald R. Cox
`Richard A. Deno
`Alfonso R. Gennaro
`Stewart C. Harvey
`
`Fourteenth Edition, 1970
`Chairman, Editorial Board
`Arthur Osol
`Editors
`Grafton D. Chase
`Richard A. Deno
`Alfonso R. Gennaro
`Melvin R. Gibson
`Stewart C. Harvey
`
`Managing Editor
`John E. Hoover
`
`Robert E. King
`E. Emerson Leuallen
`Author Osol
`Ewart A. Swinyard
`Clarence T. Van Meter
`
`Managing Editor
`John E. Hoover
`
`Robert E. King
`Alfred N. Martin
`Ewart A. Swinyard
`Clarence T. Van Meter
`
`Fifteenth Edition, 1975
`Chairman, Editorial Board
`Arthur Osol
`Editors
`John T. Anderson
`Cecil L. Bendush
`Grafton D. Chase
`Alfonso R. Gennaro
`Melvin R. Gibson
`
`Sixteenth Edition, 1980
`Chairman, Editorial Board
`Arthur Osol
`Editors
`Grafton D. Chase
`Alfonso R. Gennaro
`Melvin R. Gibson
`
`Seventeenth Edition, 1985
`Chairman, Editorial Board
`Alfonso R. Gennaro
`Editors
`Grafton D. Chase
`Ara H. DerMarderosian
`Stewart C. Harvey
`Daniel A. Hussar
`Thomas Medwick
`
`Eighteenth Edition, 1990
`Chairman, Editorial Board
`Alfonso R. Gennaro
`
`Editors
`Grafton D. Chase
`Ara H. DerMarderosian
`Stewart C. Harvey
`Daniel A. Hussar
`Thomas Medwick
`
`Managing Editor
`John E. Hoover
`
`C. Boyd Granberg
`Stewart C. Harvey
`Robert E. King
`Alfred N. Martin
`Ewart A. Swinyard
`
`C. Boyd Granberg
`Stewart C. Harvey
`Robert E. King
`Alfred N. Martin
`Ewart A. Swinyard
`Gilbert L. Zink
`
`Managing Editor
`John E. Hoover
`
`Edward G. Rippie
`Joseph B. Schwartz
`Ewart A. Swinyard
`Gilbert L. Zink
`
`Managing Editor
`John E. Hoover
`Editorial Assistant
`Bonnie Packer
`
`Edward G. Rippie
`Joseph B. Schwartz
`Ewart A. Swinyard
`Gilbert L. Zink
`
`vii
`
`

`

`
`
`viii
`
`REMINGTON HISTORICAL/BIOGRAPHICAL DATA
`
`Nineteenth Edition, 1995
`Chairman, Editorial Board Managing Editor
`Alfonso R. Gennaro
`John E. Hoover
`Editorial Assistant
`Bonnie Packer
`
`Editors
`Grafton D. Chase
`Ara H. DerMarderosian
`Glen R. Hanson
`Daniel A. Hussar
`Thomas Medwick
`
`Edward G. Rippie
`Joseph B. Schwartz
`H. Steve White
`Gilbert L. Zink
`
`Twentieth Edition, 2000
`Chairman, Editorial Board Managing Editor
`Alfonso R. Gennaro
`John E. Hoover
`Editorial Assistant
`Bonnie Packer
`
`Editors
`Ara DerMarderosian
`Glen R. Hanson
`Thomas Medwick
`Nicholas G. Popovich
`
`Roger L. Schnaare
`Joseph B. Schwartz
`H. Steve White
`
`
`
`
`

`

`
`
`
`
`Editorial Board
`
`
`
`Paul Beringer, PharmD, BCPS
`Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacy
`USC School of Pharmacy
`Los Angeles, CA
`Section Editor for Part 6
`
`Ara DerMarderosian, PhD
`Professor of Pharmacognosy
`Research Professor of Medicinal Chemistry
`University of the Sciences in Philadelphia
`Philadelphia, PA
`Section Editor for Part 1
`
`Linda Felton, PhD, BSPharm, RPh
`Associate Professor of Pharmaceutics
`University of
`New Mexico
`College of Pharmacy
`Albuquerque,
`NM
`Section Editor for Part 5
`
`Steven Gelone, PharmD
`Consultant
`AGE Consultants
`Wyndmoor, PA
`Section Editor for Part 7
`
`Pardeep K Gupta, PhD
`Associate Professor of Pharmaceutics
`Director of BS Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences
`University of the Sciences in Philadelphia
`Philadelphia, PA
`Section Editor for Parts 3 and 4
`
`John E Hoover, BSc (Pharm)
`Consultant, Biomedical Communications
`Swarthmore, PA
`Consulting Editor and Indexer
`
`Nicholas G Popovich, PhD
`Professor and Head
`Department of Pharmacy Administration
`University of Illinois at Chicago
`College of Pharmacy
`Chicago, IL
`Section Editor for Part 8
`
`William J Reilly, Jr, MBA
`K.W. Tunnell Consulting
`King of Prussia, PA
`Section Editor for Part 2
`
`Alfonso R Gennaro, PhD
`Professor Emeritus of Chemistry
`University of the Sciences in Philadelphia
`Philadelphia, PA
`Section Editor for Part 7
`
`Randy Hendrickson, MIPP
`Advanced Concepts Institute
`University of the Sciences in Philadelphia
`Philadelphia, PA
`Editor
`
`
`
`
`

`

`
`
`
`
`Authors
`
`
`
`Marie Abate, BS, PharmD / Professor of Clinical Pharmacy
`and Director, West Virginia Center for Drug and Health
`Information, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University.
`Chapter 9, Clinical Drug Literature
`Steven R Abel, PharmD, FASHP / Professor and Head,
`Department of Pharmacy Practice, Purdue University
`School of Pharmacy and Pharmacal Sciences. Chapter 100,
`Professional Communications
`Bradley L Ackermann, PhD / Research Advisor, Lilly
`Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly & Co. Chapter 34, Instru-
`mental Methods of Analysis
`Mignon S Adams, MSLS / Associate Professor of Information
`Science; Chair of the Department of Information Science;
`Director of Library and Information Services, University of
`the Sciences in Philadelphia. Chapter 8, Information
`Resources in Pharmacy and the Pharmaceutical Sciences
`Michael J Akers, PhD / Director of Pharmaceutical Research
`and Development, Baxter Pharmaceutical Solutions, LLC.
`Chapter 41, Parenteral Solutions
`Adam W G Alani, MSc / Research Assistant, School of
`Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison. Chapter 47,
`Extended-Release and Targeted Drug Delivery Systems
`Loyd V Allen, Jr, PhD / Professor Emeritus, Department of
`Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutics, College of Phar-
`macy, University of Oklahoma and Editor-In-Chief, Inter-
`national Journal of Pharmaceutical Compounding. Chapter
`105, Extemporaneous Prescription Compounding
`Heidi M Anderson, PhD / Professor and Assistant Dean,
`Education Innovation, College of Pharmacy, University of
`Kentucky. Chapter 97, Patient Communication
`Howard Y Ando, PhD / Director of Candidate Enabling
`and Development, Pfizer Global Research and Develop-
`ment. Chapter 38, Property-Based Drug Design and
`Preformulation
`R Jayachandra Babu, PhD / Research Associate, College
`of Pharmacy, Florida A&M University. Chapter 33,
`Chromatography
`Thomas A Barbolt, PhD, DABT / Senior Research Fellow,
`ETHICON, Somerville, NJ. Chapter 109, Surgical Supplies
`Kenneth N Barker, PhD / Distinguished Sterling Professor
`and Director, Center for Pharmacy Operations and Design,
`Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University. Chapter
`95, Technology and Automation
`Sara J Beis, MS, RPh / Consultant, Akron, OH. Chapter 112,
`Re-Engineering Pharmacy Practice
`Robert W Bennett, MS, RPh / Associate Professor of Clinical
`Pharmacy; Director, Pharmacy Continuing Education, De-
`partment of Pharmacy Practice, Purdue University School of
`Pharmacy. Chapter 112, Re-Engineering Pharmacy Practice
`Paul M Beringer, PharmD / Associate Professor of Clinical
`Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern
`California. Chapter 59, Clinical Pharmacokinetics and
`Pharmacodynamics
`Richard J Bertin, PhD, RPh / Executive Director, Board of
`Pharmaceutical Specialties, Washington, DC. Chapter 120,
`Specialization in Pharmacy Practice
`Lawrence H Block, PhD / Professor of Pharmaceutics, Mylan
`School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University. Chapter 23,
`Rheology and Chapter 44, Medicated Topicals
`Allan D Bokser, PhD / Associate Director of Analytical
`Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. Chapter 52,
`Stability of Pharmaceutical Products
`Sanford Bolton, PhD / Visiting Professor, College of
`Pharmacy, University of Arizona. Chapter 12, Statistics
`
`Michael R Borenstein, RPh, PhD / Associate Professor and
`Chairman, Department of Pharmaceutical
`Sciences,
`Temple University School of Pharmacy. Chapter 78,
`General Anesthetics; Chapter 85, Central Nervous System
`Stimulants
`Joseph I Boullata, PharmD, BCNSP / Professor of
`Pharmacy Practice, Temple University School of Pharmacy.
`Chapter 92, Nutrients and Associated Substances
`Bill
`J Bowman, PhD, RPh / Assistant Professor of
`Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy—Glendale,
`Midwestern University. Chapter 21, Colloidal Dispersions;
`Chapter 26, Natural Products
`Leslie Ann Bowman, AMLS / Associate Professor of
`Information Science and Coordinator of Instructional
`Services, Joseph W England Library, University of the
`Sciences in Philadelphia. Chapter 8, Information Resources
`in Pharmacy and the Pharmaceutical Sciences
`Cynthia A Burman, BS, PharmD / Medical Information
`Scientist, GlaxoSmithKline, Philadelphia, PA. Chapter 75,
`Diuretic Drugs
`Paul M Bummer, PhD / Associate Professor of Pharmaceuti-
`cal Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky.
`Chapter 20, Interfacial Phenomena
`Daniel J Canney, PhD / Associate Professor of Medicinal
`Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
`Temple University School of Pharmacy. Chapter 71,
`Cholinomimetic Drugs and Chapter 73, Antimuscarinic and
`Antispasmodic Drugs
`Bradley C Cannon, PharmD / Clinical Assistant Professor,
`University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy. Chap-
`ter 122, Development of a Pharmacy Care Plan and Patient
`Problem Solving
`F Lee Cantrell, PharmD / Assistant Clinical Professor of
`Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of California,
`San Francisco, San Diego Program; Assistant Director, San
`Diego Division, California Poison Control System, Univer-
`sity of California San Diego Medical Center. Chapter 103,
`Poison Control
`Ajai Chaudhary, MPharm, PhD / Head, Drug Disposition,
`Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly & Co. Chapter 34,
`Instrumental Methods of Analysis
`Amy Christopher, MS / Assistant Professor of Information
`Science and Web Manager, University of the Sciences
`in Philadelphia. Chapter 8, Information Resources in
`Pharmacy and the Pharmaceutical Sciences
`Michael M Crowley, PhD / Vice President, Drug Delivery
`Technology and Manufacturing Services, PharmaForm,
`LLC. Chapter 39, Solutions, Emulsions, Suspensions, and
`Extracts
`Ara H DerMarderosian, PhD / Professor of Pharmacognosy;
`Research Professor of Medicinal Chemistry, University of
`the Sciences in Philadelphia. Chapter 7, Pharmacists and
`Public Health; Chapter 49, Biotechnology and Drugs;
`Chapter 93, Pesticides; Chapter 132, Complementary and
`Alternative Medical Health Care
`Xuan Ding, PhD / School of Pharmacy, University of Wiscon-
`sin-Madison. Chapter 47, Extended-Release and Targeted
`Drug Delivery Systems
`Clarence A Discher, PhD / Deceased. Chapter 24, Inorganic
`Pharmaceutical Chemistry
`William R Doucette, PhD / Associate Professor, Director for
`the Center to Improve Medication Use in the Community,
`College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa. Chapter 116,
`Marketing Pharmaceutical Care Services
`
`
`
`
`

`

`
`
`xii
`
`AUTHORS
`
`Teresa Pete Dowling, PharmD / Director, Promotional
`Regulatory Affairs, AstraZeneca LP. Chapter 5, Pharmacists
`in Industry
`G L Drusano, MD / Co-Director, Ordway Research Institute.
`Chapter 63, Pharmacokinetics / Pharmacodynamics in Drug
`Development
`John E Enders, PhD, MBA / Director of Quality Assurance,
`Delmont Laboratories, Swarthmore, PA. Chapter 51,
`Quality Assurance and Control
`Sharon Murphy Enright, MBA, RPh / President, Envision
`Change, LLC, New Berlin, WI. Chapter 102, Providing a
`Framework for Ensuring Medication Use Safety
`Donald O Fedder, DrPH, FAPhA, BOCO / Professor,
`Pharmaceutical Health Services Research and Epidemiol-
`ogy and Preventive Medicine, University of Maryland
`Schools of Pharmacy and Medicine. Chapter 110, Health
`Accessories
`Bill G Felkey, MS / Professor, Pharmacy Care Systems,
`Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University. Chapter
`95, Technology and Automation
`Linda A Felton, PhD / Associate Professor of Pharmaceutics,
`College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health
`Sciences Center. Chapter 37, Powders; Chapter 48, The New
`Drug Approval Process and Clinical Trial Design
`Joseph L Fink III, BS Pharm, JD / Vice President for
`Corporate Relations and Economic Outreach; Professor of
`Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky.
`Chapter 1,
`Scope of Pharmacy; Chapter 111, Laws
`Governing Pharmacy
`Michael R Franklin, PhD / Professor, Department of
`Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah. Chapter
`57, Drug Absorption, Action, and Disposition; Chapter 91,
`Enzymes
`Donald N Franz, PhD / Professor Emeritus, Department of
`Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah. Chapter
`57, Drug Absorption, Action, and Disposition
`Raymond E Galinsky, PharmD / Professor of Pharmaceu-
`tics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmacal Sciences, Purdue
`University. Chapter 58, Basic Pharmacokinetics and
`Pharmacodynamics
`Daniele K Gelone, PharmD / Assistant Professor of Clinical
`Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacy
`Administration, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, Univer-
`sity of the Sciences in Philadelphia. Chapter 87, Immunoac-
`tive Drugs
`Steven P Gelone, PharmD / Consultant, AGE Consultants,
`Wyndmoor, PA. Chapter 88, Parasiticides; Chapter 89,
`Immunizing Agents; Chapter 90, Anti-Infectives
`Alfonso R Gennaro, PhD / Emeritus Professor, Department
`of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of the Sciences
`in Philadelphia. Chapter 25, Organic Pharmaceutical
`Chemistry
`Doug Geraets, PharmD, FCCP, BCPS / Clinical Pharmacy
`Specialist-Ambulatory Care, Iowa City VA Medical Center;
`Adjunct Associate Professor, Clinical and Administrative
`Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa.
`Chapter 121, Pharmacists and Disease State Management
`Steven J Gilbert, RPh, PharmD (ec) / excelleRx Inc., Philadel-
`phia, PA. Chapter 4, The Practice of Community Pharmacy
`Martin C Gregory, BM, BCh, DPhil / Professor of Medicine,
`Division of Nephrology, University of Utah School of
`Medicine. Chapter 56, Diseases: Manifestations and Patho-
`physiology
`Pardeep K Gupta, PhD / Associate Professor, Philadelphia
`College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences
`in
`Philadelphia. Chapter 16, Solutions and Phase Equilibria;
`Chapter 27, Drug Nomenclature USAN
`Amy Marie Haddad, PhD / Professor, School of Pharmacy
`and Health Professions, Creighton University. Chapter 84,
`Application of Ethical Principles to Practice Dilemmas
`Dennis D Hager, RPh, PharmD(c) / excelleRx Inc., Philadel-
`phia, PA. Chapter 4, The Practice of Community Pharmacy
`
`Donald E Hagman PhD / Vice President, Scientific Affairs,
`CardinalHealth, Inc. Chapter 40, Sterilization
`William A Hess, BSc Pharm / Captain and Pharmacist
`Director, FDA Center Consultant, United States Public
`Health Service. Chapter 6, Pharmacists in Government
`Gregory J Higby, PhD / Director, American Institute of the
`History of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of
`Wisconsin-Madison. Chapter 2, Evolution of Pharmacy
`James R Hildebrand III, BS, PharmD / Director of Clinical
`Pharmacy, Alfred I du Pont Hospital for Children. Chapter
`9, Clinical Drug Literature
`William B Hladik III, MS, FASHP, FAPhA / Associate
`Professor of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy,
`University of New Mexico and Director, Australian Radio-
`pharmacy Network, Bristol-Myers Squibb Medical Imaging,
`Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Chapter 29, Fundamentals
`of Medical Radionuclides
`Marlon Honeywell, PharmD / Associate Professor of
`Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Florida A&M
`University. Chapter 125, Diagnostic Self-Care
`John E Hoover, BSc Pharm, RPh / Consultant, Biomedical
`Communications. Chapter 66, Gastrointestinal and Liver
`Drugs; Chapter 69, Respiratory Drugs; Chapter 74, Skeletal
`Muscle Relaxants; Chapter 76, Uterine and Antimigraine
`Drugs; Chapter 81, Antiepileptic Drugs; Chapter 84,
`Histamine and Antihistaminic Drugs
`Daniel A Hussar, PhD / Remington Professor of Pharmacy,
`Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the
`Sciences in Philadelphia. Chapter 98, Patient Compliance
`and Chapter 104, Drug Interactions
`Michael F Imperato, PharmD / excelleRx Inc., Philadelphia,
`PA. Chapter 4, The Practice of Community Pharmacy
`Matthew K Ito, PharmD, FCCP, BCPS / Professor and Vice
`Chair of Pharmacy Practice, TJ Long School of Pharmacy
`and Health Sciences, University of the Pacific; Director,
`Cardiac Rehabilitation Cholesterol Clinic, San Diego VA
`Healthcare System. Chapter 121, Pharmacists and Disease
`State Management
`Timothy J Ives, PharmD, MPH, BCPS, FCCP / Associate
`Professor of Pharmacy and Medicine, School of Pharmacy,
`University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapter 7,
`Pharmacists and Public Health
`Rajni Jani, PhD / Senior Director, Department of Pharma-
`ceutics, Alcon Research, Ltd. Chapter 43, Ophthalmic
`Preparations
`Tara M Jenkins, MS, PharmD / Assistant Professor of
`Pharmacy Practice,
`School
`of Pharmacy, Hampton
`University. Chapter 125, Diagnostic Self-Care
`Steven B Johnson, PharmD / Division of Pharmaceutical
`Evaluation II, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville,
`MD. Chapter 53, Bioavailability and Bioequivalency Testing
`Robert
`Jordan, PharmD Candidate /
`College
`of
`Pharmacy—Glendale, Midwestern University. Chapter 26,
`Natural Products
`Calvin H Knowlton, RPh, MDiv, PhD, FACA / excelleRx
`Inc., Philadelphia, PA. Chapter 4, The Practice of Commu-
`nity Pharmacy
`David J Kroll, PhD / Senior Research Pharmacologist, Natu-
`ral Products Laboratory, Research Triangle Institute (RTI).
`Chapter 49, Biotechnology and Drugs
`Vijay Kumar, MS, MBA / Chief Operating Officer, Acura
`Pharmaceuticals. Chapter 35, Dissolution
`John C Lang, PhD / Director of Emerging Technologies, Alcon
`Research, Ltd. Chapter 43, Ophthalmic Preparations
`Arthur J Lawrence, PhD, RPh / Rear Admiral and Assistant
`Surgeon General, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Health
`Operations, United States Public Health Service. Chapter 6,
`Pharmacists in Government
`Eric J Lien, PhD / Professor of Pharmacy/Pharmaceutics and
`Biomedicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of
`Southern California. Chapter 13, Molecular Structure, Prop-
`erties, and States of Matter
`
`
`
`
`

`

`
`
`AUTHORS
`
`xiii
`
`Hetty A Lima, RPh, FASHP / Vice President, Marketing,
`Caremark, Inc. Chapter 130, Aseptic Processing for Home
`Infusion Pharmaceuticals
`Sylvia H Liu, BVM, DACVP / Vice President, Research and
`Development, ETHICON, Somerville, NJ. Chapter 109,
`Surgical Supplies
`Stan G Louie, PharmD / Associate Professor of Pharmacy,
`University of Southern California. Chapter 60, Principles of
`Immunology
`Eva Lydick, PhD / Chief Research Officer, Lovelace Clinic
`Foundation. Chapter 118, Pharmaceutical Risk Management
`Elaine Mackowiak, PhD, RPh / Professor of Pharmaceutical
`Chemistry (School of Pharmacy) and Clinical Associate Pro-
`fessor of Diagnostic Imaging (School of Medicine), Temple
`University. Chapter 64, Diagnostic Drugs and Reagents
`Henry J Malinowski, PhD / Division of Pharmaceutical Eval-
`uation II, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD.
`Chapter 53, Bioavailability and Bioequivalency Testing
`Michael A Mancano, PharmD / Associate Professor of Clini-
`cal Pharmacy, Temple University School of Pharmacy.
`Chapter 77,
`Hormones and Hormone Antagonists
`Laura A Mandos, BS, PharmD / Associate Professor of
`Clinical Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy,
`University of the Sciences in Philadelphia. Chapter 80,
`Antianxiety Agents and Hypnotic Drugs
`Anthony S Manoguerra, PharmD / Professor of Clinical
`Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of California, San
`Francisco, San Diego Program; Director, San Diego Division,
`California Poison Control System, University of California
`San Diego Medical Center. Chapter 103, Poison Control
`Robert W Martin III, MD / Chairman, Department of
`Dermatology; Chief, Division of Dermatopathology, Arnett
`Clinic, Lafayette, Indiana; Clinical Assistant Professor,
`Department of Dermatology, Indiana University School of
`Medicine. Chapter 133, Chronic Wound Care
`Robert L. McCarthy, PhD / Dean and Professor, School of
`Pharmacy, University of Connecticut. Chapter 3, Ethics and
`Professionalism
`Michael R McConnell, RPh / Founder and Consultant,
`National Notification Center. Chapter 115, Product Recalls
`and Withdrawals
`Randal P McDonough, PharmD, MS / Associate Professor
`(Clinical), Director of Practice Development and Educa-
`tional Programs, College of Pharmacy, The University of
`Iowa. Chapter 116, Marketing Pharmaceutical Care Services
`William F McGhan, PharmD, PhD / Professor of Pharmacy
`and Health Policy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and
`Pharmacy Administration, Philadelphia College of Phar-
`macy, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia. Chapter
`113, Pharmacoeconomics
`Howard L McLeod, PharmD / Associate Professor, Depart-
`ment of Medicine, Washington University School of
`Medicine. Chapter 62, Pharmacogenomics
`Mary Lynn McPherson, PharmD / Associate Professor,
`Pharmacy Practice and Science Department, School of
`Pharmacy, University of Maryland. Chapter 110, Health
`Accessories
`Thomas Medwick, PhD / Emeritus Professor of Pharmaceu-
`tical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University.
`Chapter 24, Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry
`Robert Middleton, PharmD / Department of Pharmacy,
`Beebe Medical Center, Lewes, DE. Chapter 61, Adverse
`Drug Reactions Clinical Toxicology
`Michael Montagne, PhD / Professor of Social Pharmacy,
`Massachusetts College of Pharmacy—Boston. Chapter 3,
`Ethics and Professionalism and Chapter 99, Drug Education
`Louis A Morris, PhD / President, Louis A Morris and Associ-
`ates, Inc. Chapter 118, Pharmaceutical Risk Management
`Michael D Murray, PharmD, MPH / Professor and Chair,
`Pharmaceutical Policy and Evaluative Sciences, School of
`Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
`Chapter 108, Pharmacoepidemiology
`
`Gail D Newton, PhD, RPh / Associate Professor of Pharmacy
`Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmacal Sciences,
`Purdue University. Chapter 123, Ambulatory Patient Care
`Jeffrey P Norenberg, MS, PharmD, BCNP, FASHP,
`FAPhA / Associate Professor and Director, Radiopharma-
`ceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New
`Mexico Health Sciences Center. Chapter 29,
`Fundamentals of
`Medical Radionuclides
`Robert E O’Connor, PhD / Senior Director, European Techni-
`cal Operations, Janssen Pharmaceutica. Chapter 37, Powders
`Judith A O'Donnell, MD / Associate Professor of Medicine
`and Public Health, Drexel University Schools of Medicine
`and Public Health. Chapter 90, Anti-Infectives
`Patrick B O’Donnell, PhD / Associate Director of Product
`Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. Chapter 52,
`Stability of Pharmaceutical Products
`Clyde M Ofner III, PhD / Associate Professor and Director,
`Graduate Program in Pharmaceutics, Philadelphia College
`of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia.
`Chapter 21, Colloidal Dispersions
`Carol Ott, PharmD, BCPP / Affiliate Assistant Professor of
`Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, Purdue University.
`Chapter 129, Long-Term Care
`James A Palmieri, PharmD / Assistant Professor of
`Pharmacy Practice, TJ Long School of Pharmacy and Health
`Sciences, University of the Pacific; Clinical Pharmacy
`Specialist, Cardiovascular Disease Management, The Mercy
`Heart Institute, Sacramento, CA. Chapter 121, Pharmacists
`and Disease State Management
`Susie H Park, PharmD / Assistant Professor of Clinical
`Pharmacy, University of Southern California. Chapter 60,
`Principles of Immunology
`John H Parker, PhD / President, Tech Manage Associates,
`Clarks Summit, PA. Chapter 51, Quality Assurance and
`Control
`Payal Patel, BSc (Pharm), PharmD / Evidence-Based
`Pharmacy Consultant, London Health Sciences Centre,
`London, Ontario, Canada. Chapter 128, Emergency Medicine
`Pharmacy Practice
`Garnet E Peck, PhD / Professor Emeritus of Industrial and
`Physical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmacal
`Sciences, Purdue University. Chapter 36, Separation
`Thomas G Pettinger, BSP, BOCO / Staff Orthotist, Great
`Plains Health Company, Fargo, North Dakota. Chapter 110,
`Health Accessories
`Peggy Piascik, PhD / Associate Professor of Pharmacy -
`Practice, University of Kentucky. Chapter 97, Patient
`Communication
`James A Ponto, MS, BCNP / Chief Nuclear Pharmacist and
`Professor (Clinical), University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics
`and College of Pharmacy University of Iowa. Chapter 106,
`Nuclear Pharmacy Practice
`Cathy Y Poon, PharmD / Associate Professor of Clinical Phar-
`macy Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the
`Sciences in Philadelphia. Chapter 18, Tonicity, Osmoticity,
`Osmolality, and Osmolarity; Chapter 32, Clinical Analysis
`Stuart C Porter, PhD / President, PPT, Hatfield, PA. Chapter
`46, Coating of Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms
`W Steven Pray, BS (Pharm), MPH, PhD / Bernhardt
`Professor of Nonprescription Drugs and Devices, College of
`Pharmacy, Southwestern Oklahoma State University.
`Chapter 124, Self-Care
`Shelly J Prince, PhD / Associate Professor of Pharmaceutics,
`College
`of Pharmacy, Southwestern Oklahoma State
`University. Chapter 11, Metrology and Pharmaceutical
`Calculations
`Barrett E Rabinow, PhD / Senior Director, Strategic Techni-
`cal Development, Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Round
`Lake, IL. Chapter 54, Plastic Packaging Materials
`Galen W Radebaugh, PhD / Vice President of Analytical
`Development, Schering-Plough Research Institute. Chapter
`38, Property-Based Drug Design and Preformulation
`
`
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`xiv
`
`AUTHORS
`
`Robert B Raffa, PhD / Professor of Pharmacology, Temple
`University School of Pharmacy. Chapter 83, Analgesic,
`Antipyretic, and Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
`Dennis W Raisch, RPh, PhD / Associate Center Director,
`Scientific Affairs, VA Cooperative Studies Program Clinical
`Research Pharmacy Coordinating Center, Albuquerque.
`Chapter 48, The New Drug Approval Process and Clinical
`Trial Design
`William J Reilly, Jr, RPh, MBA / Managing Consultant,
`Tunnell Consulting, King of Prussia, PA. Chapter 55,
`Pharmaceutical Necessities
`June E Riedlinger, RPh, PharmD / Adjunct Associate
`Professor, Southwest College of Naturopathic Medicine and
`Adjunct Associate Professor of Pharmacy Practice, School of
`Pharmacy—Boston, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy
`and Health Sciences. Chapter 132, Complementary and
`Alternative Medical Health Care
`Joseph R Robinson, PhD / Professor of Pharmacy and
`Ophthalmology, School of Pharmacy, University of Wiscon-
`sin-Madison. Chapter 47, Extended-Release and Targeted
`Drug Delivery Systems
`Mark G Robson, PhD, MPH / Chairman, Environmental and
`Occupational Health, UMDNJ School of Public Health.
`Chapter 93, Pesticides
`Robert E Roehrs, PhD / Vice President (Retired), Depart-
`ment of Drug Regulatory Affairs, Alcon Research, Ltd.
`Chapter 43, Ophthalmic Preparations
`Lisa Cencia Rohan, PhD / Assistant Professor of Pharma-
`ceutical Sciences,
`School of Pharmacy, University of
`Pittsburgh. Chapter 23, Rheology
`Theodore J Roseman, PhD / Vice President, Scientific
`Affairs, Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Round Lake, IL.
`Chapter 54, Plastic Packaging Material
`Joseph T Rubino, PhD / Principal Research Scientist,
`Chemical
`and
`Pharmaceutical
`Development,
`Wyeth
`Research. Chapter 22, Coarse Dispersions
`Orapin P Rubino, PhD / Group Leader, Formulation
`Development, Glatt Air Techniques, Inc. Chapter 22, Coarse
`Dispersions
`Charles Ruchalski, PharmD / Assistant Professor of Clinical
`Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Temple University. Chapter
`77, Hormones and Hormone Antagonists
`Maria I Rudis, PharmD / Director, Emergency Medicine/
`Critical Care Pharmacy Residency Program; Assistant
`Professor of Clinical Pharmacy and Emergency Medicine,
`University of Southern California. Chapter 128, Emergency
`Medicine Pharmacy Practice
`Edward M Rudnic, PhD / President and Chief Executive
`Officer, Advancis Pharmaceutical Corp. Chapter 45, Oral
`Solid Dosage Forms
`Michael T Rupp, PhD, RPh / Professor of Pharmacy
`Administration, College of Pharmacy, Midwestern Univer-
`sity—Glendale. Chapter 117, Documenting, Billing, and
`Reimbursement for