`
`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
`___________________
`
`
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`___________________
`
`
`ROKU, INC.,
`Petitioner,
`
`v.
`
`MEDIA CHAIN, LLC,
`Patent Owner.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Case No. IPR2021-00390
`U.S. Patent No. 9,898,590
`_____________________
`
`
`DECLARATION OF JOHN TINSMAN IN SUPPORT OF PETITION FOR
`INTER PARTES REVIEW OF U.S. PATENT NO. 9,898,590
`
`
`
`
`
`Mail Stop “PATENT BOARD”
`Patent Trial and Appeal Board
`U.S. Patent & Trademark Office
`P.O. Box 1450
`Alexandria, VA 22313-1450
`
`EX1002
`Roku V. Media Chain
`U.S. Patent No. 9,898,590
`
`

`

`
`
`Declaration of John Tinsman
`U.S. Pat. No. 9,898,590
`
`
`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`
`
`I.
`INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................ 1
`QUALIFICATIONS ..................................................................................... 2
`II.
`III. MATERIALS CONSIDERED ...................................................................... 9
`IV. RELEVANT LEGAL STANDARDS ......................................................... 14
`A. Obviousness ...................................................................................... 14
`B.
`Level of Skill in the Art .................................................................... 16
`C. Motivation to Combine and Hindsight Bias ...................................... 17
`D.
`Claim Construction ........................................................................... 18
`BACKGROUND OF THE TECHNOLOGY .............................................. 19
`A.
`Licensing and Distribution of Digital Media ..................................... 19
`E-Commerce and the Digital Revolution ................................ 19
`
`The Rise of Digital Rights Management Technology .............. 20
`
`Cloud-Based Streaming and Licensing Models ....................... 23
`
`Digital Fingerprinting ....................................................................... 24
`Targeted Marketing Based on User Demographics and Preferences . 28
`Targeted Marketing Over the Internet ..................................... 28
`
`Targeted Marketing Based on Users’ Negative Preferences .... 32
`
`VI. OVERVIEW OF THE ’590 PATENT ........................................................ 34
`A.
`Summary of the Disclosure ............................................................... 34
`Licensing and Distributing Digital Media Content .................. 36
`
`Targeted Marketing................................................................. 40
`
`Summary of the Claims .................................................................... 41
`Overview of the ’590 patent Claims ........................................ 41
`
`The ’590 Patent Claims Relative to Other Claims in the
`
`Family..................................................................................... 45
`Summary of the Prosecution History................................................. 47
`C.
`VII. OVERVIEW OF THE PRIOR ART ........................................................... 48
`
`V.
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`B.
`C.
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`B.
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`Declaration of John Tinsman
`U.S. Pat. No. 9,898,590
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`Peled ................................................................................................. 48
`A.
`Brandstetter....................................................................................... 56
`B.
`Pou ................................................................................................... 63
`C.
`Levy.................................................................................................. 68
`D.
`Vijay ................................................................................................. 75
`E.
`VIII. CLAIM CONSTRUCTION ........................................................................ 78
`IX. GROUND 1: CLAIMS 1-4, 6-10, 12-16, 19-21 AND 23 OF THE ’590
`PATENT ARE UNPATENTABLE UNDER 35 U.S.C. § 103 OVER
`PELED IN VIEW OF POU. ........................................................................ 78
`A. Overview of the Combination of Peled and Pou................................ 79
`A POSA would have been motivated to combine Peled and
`
`Pou.......................................................................................... 79
`A POSA would have known how to combine Peled and Pou
`and would have had a reasonable expectation of success. ....... 83
`Independent Claim 1 ......................................................................... 85
`[1P] “A computer implemented method for providing a
`
`multimedia hardware device to generate an authorized
`reproduction of a media content item included in a digital media
`file, comprising:” .................................................................... 85
`[1A] “receiving a license request from a user requesting to
`engage in a license transaction to reproduce a media content
`item;” ...................................................................................... 91
`[1B] “evaluating the license transaction to determine whether
`the user has acquired a license to reproduce the media content
`item;” ...................................................................................... 96
`[1C] “after the evaluation of the license transaction, extracting
`from the license transaction user data that is specific to the user
`that is attempting to reproduce the media content item when the
`user acquires the license and when the user declines the license,
`wherein the user data includes demographic data associated
`with the user that enables a copyright owner of the media
`content item to gauge a demographic that acquired the license
`for the media content item of the copyright owner and a
`
`
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`B.
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`Declaration of John Tinsman
`U.S. Pat. No. 9,898,590
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`(b)
`
`
`
`demographic that declined the license for the media content
`item of the copyright owner;” ............................................... 100
`(a)
`Peled discloses “after the evaluation of the license
`transaction, extracting from the license transaction user
`data that is specific to the user that is attempting to
`reproduce the media content item when the user acquires
`the license and when the user declines the license,
`wherein the user data includes demographic data
`associated with the user” ............................................. 100
`Peled discloses “wherein the user data … enables a
`copyright owner of the media content item to gauge a
`demographic that acquired the license for the media
`content item of the copyright owner and a demographic
`that declined the license for the media content item of the
`copyright owner” ........................................................ 109
`[1D] “aggregating the user data into a statistics record for the
`license request when the user acquires the license and when the
`user declines the license, wherein the statistics record
`summarizes the user data associated with the license
`request;” ............................................................................... 111
`[1E] “storing in a license database the statistics record so that
`the user data is accessible to the copyright owner of the media
`content item; and” ................................................................. 113
`[1F] “analyzing a plurality of statistics records aggregated from
`each license request for the media content item owned by the
`copyright owner to provide the copyright owner with the
`aggregated user data from each license request of the media
`content item.”........................................................................ 117
`Independent Claim 7 ....................................................................... 118
`Independent Claim 13 ..................................................................... 122
`Independent Claim 19 ..................................................................... 125
`Claims 2 and 14 .............................................................................. 131
`Claims 3 and 15 .............................................................................. 134
`Claims 4, 10, 16, and 21.................................................................. 137
`Claims 6 and 23 .............................................................................. 141
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`C.
`D.
`E.
`F.
`G.
`H.
`I.
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`

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`Declaration of John Tinsman
`U.S. Pat. No. 9,898,590
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`B.
`
`Claims 8 and 20 .............................................................................. 142
`J.
`Claim 9 ........................................................................................... 145
`K.
`Claim 12 ......................................................................................... 147
`L.
`X. GROUND 2: CLAIM 18 OF THE ’590 PATENT IS UNPATENTABLE
`UNDER 35 U.S.C. § 103 OVER PELED IN VIEW OF POU AND
`BRANDSTETTER. .................................................................................. 148
`XI. GROUND 3: CLAIMS 5, 11, 17, AND 22 OF THE ’590 PATENT ARE
`UNPATENTABLE UNDER 35 U.S.C. § 103 OVER PELED IN VIEW OF
`POU AND VIJAY. ................................................................................... 149
`XII. GROUND 4: CLAIMS 1-4, 6-10, 12-16, 18-21, AND 23 OF THE ’590
`PATENT ARE UNPATENTABLE UNDER 35 U.S.C. § 103 OVER
`BRANDSTETTER IN VIEW OF LEVY. ................................................. 155
`A. Overview of the Combination of Brandstetter and Levy ................. 156
`A POSA would have been motivated to combine Brandstetter
`
`and Levy. .............................................................................. 156
`A POSA would have known how to combine Brandstetter and
`Levy and would have had a reasonable expectation of
`success. ................................................................................. 164
`Independent Claim 1 ....................................................................... 166
`[1P]: “A computer implemented method for providing a
`
`multimedia hardware device to generate an authorized
`reproduction of a media content item included in a digital media
`file, comprising:” .................................................................. 166
`[1A] “receiving a license request from a user requesting to
`engage in a license transaction to reproduce a media content
`item;” .................................................................................... 176
`[1B] “evaluating the license transaction to determine whether
`the user has acquired a license to reproduce the media content
`item;” .................................................................................... 182
`[1C] “after the evaluation of the license transaction, extracting
`from the license transaction user data that is specific to the user
`that is attempting to reproduce the media content item when the
`user acquires the license and when the user declines the license,
`wherein the user data includes demographic data associated
`
`
`
`
`
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`Declaration of John Tinsman
`U.S. Pat. No. 9,898,590
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`
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`with the user that enables a copyright owner of the media
`content item to gauge a demographic that acquired the license
`for the media content item of the copyright owner and a
`demographic that declined the license for the media content
`item of the copyright owner;” ............................................... 190
`(a) Brandstetter discloses “after the evaluation of the license
`transaction, extracting from the license transaction user
`data that is specific to the user that is attempting to
`reproduce the media content item when the user acquires
`the license and when the user declines the license,
`wherein the user data includes demographic data
`associated with the user” ............................................. 190
`(b) Brandstetter discloses “wherein the user data … enables
`a copyright owner of the media content item to gauge a
`demographic that acquired the license for the media
`content item of the copyright owner and a demographic
`that declined the license for the media content item of the
`copyright owner” ........................................................ 195
`[1D] “aggregating the user data into a statistics record for the
`license request when the user acquires the license and when the
`user declines the license, wherein the statistics record
`summarizes the user data associated with the license
`request;” ............................................................................... 199
`[1E] “storing in a license database the statistics record so that
`the user data is accessible to the copyright owner of the media
`content item; and” ................................................................. 200
`[1F] “analyzing a plurality of statistics records aggregated from
`each license request for the media content item owned by the
`copyright owner to provide the copyright owner with the
`aggregated user data from each license request of the media
`content item.”........................................................................ 205
`Independent Claim 7 ....................................................................... 208
`Independent Claim 13 ..................................................................... 219
`Independent Claim 19 ..................................................................... 222
`Claims 2 and 14 .............................................................................. 227
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`C.
`D.
`E.
`F.
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`Declaration of John Tinsman
`U.S. Pat. No. 9,898,590
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`
`
`Claims 3 and 15 .............................................................................. 230
`G.
`Claims 4, 10, 16, and 21.................................................................. 233
`H.
`Claims 6 and 23 .............................................................................. 236
`I.
`Claims 8 and 20 .............................................................................. 238
`J.
`Claim 9 ........................................................................................... 241
`K.
`Claims 12 and 18 ............................................................................ 244
`L.
`XIII. GROUND 5: CLAIMS 5, 11, 17, AND 22 OF THE ’590 PATENT ARE
`UNPATENTABLE UNDER 35 U.S.C. § 103 OVER BRANDSTETTER IN
`VIEW OF LEVY AND VIJAY................................................................. 247
`XIV. OTHER EVIDENCE RELEVANT TO OBVIOUSNESS ......................... 253
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`
`I, John Tinsman, declare as follows:
`
`Declaration of John Tinsman
`U.S. Pat. No. 9,898,590
`
`
`INTRODUCTION
`I have been engaged by Sterne, Kessler, Goldstein & Fox P.L.L.C. on
`
`
`
`I.
`
`behalf of Roku, Inc. (“Roku”) to provide this Declaration concerning technical
`
`subject matter relevant to the inter partes review of U.S. Patent No. 9,898,590 (“the
`
`’590 patent”), which is entitled “Digital Media Reproduction and Licensing.”
`
`
`
`I am over 18 years of age. I have personal knowledge of the facts stated
`
`in this Declaration.
`
`
`
`I have reviewed and am familiar with the specification, claims, and
`
`prosecution history of the ’590 patent. I will cite to the specification of a U.S. Patent
`
`using the following format: (Column:Line Number(s)). For example, the citation to
`
`the ’590 patent, 1:1-10 points to the ’590 patent specification at column 1, lines 1-
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`10.
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`
`
`In forming my opinions expressed in this Declaration, I have reviewed
`
`and, in some cases, relied upon the list of materials provided in Section III in
`
`preparation of this Declaration. To the best of my knowledge, those exhibits listed
`
`in Section III are true and accurate copies of what they purport to be. An expert in
`
`the field would reasonably rely on them to formulate opinions such as those set forth
`
`in this Declaration.
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`I am being compensated at my standard rate of $300/hour by Roku for
`
`Declaration of John Tinsman
`U.S. Pat. No. 9,898,590
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`my time spent in connection with this proceeding. My compensation is not
`
`dependent on and in no way affects, the substance of my opinions. Nor is my
`
`compensation dependent on the outcome of this proceeding. My findings are based
`
`on my education, experience, and background in the fields discussed below.
`
`II. QUALIFICATIONS
` My academic and professional pursuits are closely related to the subject
`
`matter of the ’590 patent. Based on my education and work experience, I am well
`
`qualified to serve as a technical expert in this matter.
`
`
`
`A summary of my educational and professional experience is set forth
`
`in my curriculum vitae (CV), which is submitted as Exhibit 1015. Some of the
`
`relevant points in my CV are described below.
`
`
`
`I received a Bachelor’s degree and Master’s degree in Physics from the
`
`University of California, Santa Barbara in 1981 and 1983, respectively. My
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`specialization for my Master’s degree was medical and scientific instrumentation. I
`
`also received a Master’s in Business Administration from San Jose State University
`
`in 1995. I am a member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
`
`(IEEE) and a registered U.S. Patent and Trademark Office patent agent (Registration
`
`No. 73,427).
`
`
`
`Although originally trained as a physicist, I have more than 35 years of
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`experience designing, developing, and deploying hardware and software for
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`Declaration of John Tinsman
`U.S. Pat. No. 9,898,590
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`scientific, consumer, industrial, and professional environments. I also have extensive
`
`experience in engineering management and business development, including the
`
`management of multinational teams. I have worked for a range of organizations,
`
`from academic institutions such as the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC)
`
`at Stanford University and the Signal Processing Laboratory at the École
`
`Polytechnqiue Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), to pioneers in multimedia and digital
`
`television, such as Radius, Inc., OpenTV Inc., Qualcomm, and the Kudelski Group.
`
`In that time, I have published a number of papers and made numerous presentations
`
`at academic and professional conferences, as well as before the European
`
`Commission.
`
`
`
`I specialize in the areas of analog and digital signal processing and
`
`communications, and the command and control functions that generally accompany
`
`them. From 1985 to 1989, I developed analog and digital signal processing hardware
`
`and software for data acquisition systems in high energy physics experiments at
`
`SLAC. I also worked on the command and control systems used to operate, calibrate,
`
`and monitor such experiments, as well as the particle accelerator itself.
`
` From 1989 to 1995, I applied these skills to computer graphics and
`
`multimedia systems at Radius. Radius was a leader in high end graphics, and an early
`
`developer of Macintosh-based audio and video multimedia systems. These systems
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`included multimedia ingest, editing, processing, compression, and delivery,
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`Declaration of John Tinsman
`U.S. Pat. No. 9,898,590
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`including server-based delivery over networks. Key markets for these products
`
`included pre-press, television post-production, and video serving using video
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`compression.
`
`
`
`I worked at Radius as an engineer and an engineering manager. Several
`
`of my projects were related to video editing and compression using various codecs,
`
`such as MPEG-2 and Cinepak. This work included video signal processing and video
`
`signal enhancement, as well as the more general aspects of post-production using
`
`Apple Computer’s QuickTime framework. These aspects included the use of time
`
`codes, edit lists, and other metadata to properly combine a collection of input tracks
`
`into the final multimedia output. My other technical activities included the
`
`development of high-speed networks, custom integrated circuits, and remote
`
`rendering and control of high-resolution graphics displays.
`
`
`
`I joined Visual Edge in 1995 as its Vice President of Engineering. I led
`
`a team of engineers in developing and supporting high performance image
`
`processing software for rendering and printing text and images on large format high-
`
`resolution digital printers. This work involved product definition and engineering,
`
`as well as research on algorithms for imaging and color calibration.
`
`
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`In 1998, I moved to Switzerland to become a Principal Researcher at
`
`the EPFL, supervising a team of researchers and graduate students studying high
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`performance signal processing. Specifically, this work involved using the then-new
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`Declaration of John Tinsman
`U.S. Pat. No. 9,898,590
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`multimedia instruction sets appearing in microprocessors to accelerate audio, image
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`and video processing, and compression on high-end desktop computers.
`
` My background in signal and media processing also provided me the
`
`opportunity to use my skills in related contexts. In 2000 and 2001, I consulted for a
`
`search engine company, Albert Inc., to develop a prototype voice navigation and
`
`control module for their textual search engine. The target environment for the
`
`prototype was high-end automobiles, with the goal of enabling voice-based searches
`
`for information and services related to the user’s location. As a result, I worked
`
`extensively to understand a number of fundamental challenges to gathering,
`
`processing, and recognizing speech in an automotive environment.
`
` During this period, I also consulted with Pinnacle Systems, a
`
`manufacturer of digital video hardware and software for the consumer and broadcast
`
`markets. I developed video signal processing algorithms for Pinnacle’s custom
`
`broadcast television graphics integrated circuits and cards, with an emphasis on
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`noise reduction to improve image quality and compressibility.
`
` From 2001 to 2007, I worked at OpenTV Inc. as a director in the Office
`
`of the Chief Technology Officer. OpenTV was a premier provider of set-top box
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`middleware for cable and satellite platforms and was deeply involved in technology
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`development and standards making for digital and interactive pay television. In that
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`position, I worked both as a product architect in Europe and as OpenTV’s
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`Declaration of John Tinsman
`U.S. Pat. No. 9,898,590
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`representative at standards groups, such as the Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB)
`
`Project. My architectural job activities included working with other technology
`
`providers, including companies that provided conditional access and Video on
`
`Demand (VOD)
`
`technologies for
`
`integration with OpenTV’s set-top box
`
`middleware, as well as OpenTV’s own products for content recording and playback.
`
`My standards work included contributions at the DVB to various technical and
`
`market development working groups, as well as at the steering board level. This
`
`work included significant involvement in the DVB’s standardization efforts around
`
`their Multimedia Home Platform (MHP) standard for a TV-based interactive
`
`television.
`
` From 2007 to 2009, I worked at Qualcomm Inc. as a Product Manager,
`
`supporting the company’s MediaFLO technology. MediaFLO was a technology for
`
`transmitting audio, video, and data to portable devices, such as mobile phones. The
`
`broadcast media transmitted via MediaFLO included live, real-time audio and video
`
`streams, as well as scheduled video and audio clips and shows. My duties included
`
`providing technology strategy, requirements analysis, and customer support for the
`
`MediaFLO technology.
`
` From 2009 to 2014, I returned to OpenTV as its Vice President of
`
`Engineering in the Advanced Advertising Group. In this role, I was responsible for
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`architectures, technologies, and product development for OpenTV’s advanced
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`Declaration of John Tinsman
`U.S. Pat. No. 9,898,590
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`advertising and engagement solutions across multiple platforms. This work included
`
`the ingest and processing of television program and schedule information, such as
`
`would be used for advertising schedules or electronic program guides. This work
`
`also involved searching, categorizing, and reporting such information for the
`
`purposes of ad placements and ad verifications. I also led the design and
`
`development of a real-time advertising analytics platform. This work involved
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`extensive processing and presentation of advertising and program schedule
`
`information, including database and user interface design and implementation.
`
` From 2014 to 2017, I served as the Chief Technologist for the Kudelski
`
`Group’s Intellectual Property and Innovation Group. In this role, I supported
`
`inventors and the innovation process across multiple technologies, including
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`multimedia systems related to content ingest, protection, delivery, and consumption.
`
`I also supported the company’s licensing and acquisition efforts.
`
` Currently, I am the Chief Executive Officer of GadgetJazz, an
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`engineering design and innovation practice founded in 2017. Leveraging my past
`
`technical experiences, I perform consulting services related to technology and
`
`business development, specifically in the areas of multimedia and communications
`
`technologies, distributed systems, high performance computing, and consulting on
`
`innovation and the development of intellectual property.
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`I am a named inventor on fourteen U.S. patents: (1) Patent No.
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`Declaration of John Tinsman
`U.S. Pat. No. 9,898,590
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`10,387,920 titled “System and Method for Offering and Billing Advertisement
`
`Opportunities”; (2) Patent No. 10,235,788, titled “Overlay Contrast Control in
`
`Augmented Reality Displays”; (3) Patent No. 10,152,815, titled “Overlay Emphasis
`
`Modification in Augmented Reality Displays”; (4) Patent No. 10,044,873, titled
`
`“Mute Alert”; (5) Patent No. 10,038,859, titled “Same Screen, Multiple Content
`
`Viewing Method and Apparatus”; (6) Patent No. 10,032,192, titled “Automatic
`
`Localization of Advertisements”; (7) Patent No. 9,877,054, titled “Dynamic
`
`Scheduling for Advanced Advertising in Linear Television”; (8) Patent No.
`
`9,799,048, titled “Intelligent Tool to Support Manual Scheduling of Ads”; (9) Patent
`
`No. 9,711,128, titled “Combined Audio for Multiple Content Presentation”; (10) –
`
`(13) Patent Nos. 9,344,470, 8,782,305, 8,335,873, and 7,930,449, all titled “Method
`
`and Systems for Data Transmission”; and (14) Patent No. D759,684, titled “Display
`
`Screen with a Graphical User Interface.” I am also the named inventor on three
`
`European patents: (1) No. 2,700,200, titled “Methods and Systems for Data
`
`Transmission”; (2) No. 2,602,996, titled “Dynamic Generation, Delivery, and
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`Execution of Interactive Applications over a Mobile Broadcast Network”; and (3)
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`No. 1,912,441, titled “Buffering and Transmitting Video Data upon Request.”
`
` Based on my educational background and professional experience, I
`
`consider myself an expert in various technologies, including multimedia systems,
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`embedded systems and middleware, content protection technologies, streaming
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`Declaration of John Tinsman
`U.S. Pat. No. 9,898,590
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`media content, digital television systems, and client-server architectures. I also have
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`significant experience in standards and standardization related to the DVB project,
`
`the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), and Cable Labs.
`
`III. MATERIALS CONSIDERED
`In formulating my opinions, I have relied upon my training, knowledge,
`
`
`and experience that are relevant to the ’590 patent. Furthermore, I have considered
`
`specifically the following documents listed below in addition to any other documents
`
`cited in this Declaration. I understand that the references are true and accurate copies
`
`of what they appear to be:
`
`
`
`I have been asked to provide technical review, analysis, insights, and
`
`opinions regarding the references cited in the Petition and discussed below. My
`
`opinions are not only based on these references but also based on my over 30 years
`
`of experience as a computer architect, computer system designer, personal computer
`
`graphics designer, educator, and executive in the electronics industry.
`
`Exhibit No.
`1001
`1003
`1004
`1005
`1006
`1007
`
`Description
`U.S. Patent No. 9,898,590 to Estes (“’590 patent”)
`U.S. Patent Publication No. 2004/0010417 to Peled (“Peled”)
`U.S. Patent Publication No. 2011/0191246 to Brandstetter et al.
`(“Brandstetter”)
`U.S. Patent Publication No. 2005/0004873 to Pou et al. (“Pou”)
`U.S. Patent Publication No. 2008/0140433 to Levy et al. (“Levy”)
`U.S. Patent No. 7,818,261 to Weiskopf et al. (“Weiskopf”)
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`Exhibit No.
`1008
`1009
`
`1010
`
`1011
`
`1012
`
`1013
`
`1014
`1015
`1016
`
`1017
`
`1018
`1019
`
`1020
`
`1021
`
`1022
`
`Declaration of John Tinsman
`U.S. Pat. No. 9,898,590
`
`Description
`U.S. Patent Publication No. 2013/0166921 to Vijay et al. (“Vijay”)
`Prosecution History of U.S. Patent No. 9,715,581 (“’581
`Prosecution History”)
`Prosecution History of U.S. Patent No. 9,898,590 (“’590
`Prosecution History”)
`Prosecution History of U.S. Patent No. 10,489,560 (“’560
`Prosecution History”)
`Prosecution History of U.S. Patent No. 10,515,191 (“’191
`Prosecution History”)
`Prosecution History of U.S. Patent No. 10,860,691 (“’691
`Prosecution History”)
`Prosecution History of U.S. Patent No. 10,885,154 (“’154
`Prosecution History”)
`Curriculum Vitae of John Tinsman
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`(https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2009/06/15/the-state-of-
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`U.S. Patent No. 8,185,475 to Hug (“Hug”)
`U.S. Patent No. 8,051,130 to Logan (“Logan”)
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`(https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/events-calendar/2009/03/digital-
`rights-management)
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`(https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/2794938/DRM-
`protected+Music+Interoperability+and+eInnovation.pdf;jsessionid
`=FEC1E2A0F87ABB7EB30E41EA93AC1CAC?sequence=2)
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`

`Declaration of John Tinsman
`U.S. Pat. No. 9,898,590
`
`Description
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`(“Nijim”)
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`Coming-to-Your-Living-Room/)
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`Retrieval, Paris, France, October 13-17, 2002 (“Haitsma”)
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`archived December 7, 2004
`(https://web.archive.org/web/20041207191754/http:/archives.cnn.
`com/2000/TECH/computing/09/08/mood.music.idg/index.html)
`U.S. Patent No. 8,306,976 to Handman et al. (“Handman”)
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`(“Glaser”)
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`Retrieval, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, October 27-30, 2003.
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`https://gizmodo.com/how-shazam-works-to-identify-nearly-every-
`song-you-th-5647458
`European Patent Application Publication No. 1,558,032 to
`Widevine Technologies, Inc.
`U.S. Patent Publication No. 2013/0051772 to Ramaswamy et al.
`(“Ramaswamy”)
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`(“Muyres”)
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`
`
`
`Exhibit No.
`1027
`
`1028
`
`1029
`
`1030
`
`1031
`
`1032
`1033
`1034
`
`1035
`
`1036
`
`1037
`
`1038
`1039
`1040
`1041
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`- 11 -
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`

`

`Declaration of John Tinsman
`U.S. Pat. No. 9,898,590
`
`Description
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`U.S. Patent No. 8,583,089 to Ramer et al. (“Ramer”)
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`(“Wells”)
`U.S. Patent No. 7,178,720 to Strubbe et al