software, the Internet, and more!
`
`Computer
`Dictionary
`meso py.
`
`Easy to read, expertly illustrated
`
`Definitive coverage of hardware,
`
`Microsoft
`
`Fully updated with the latest
`technologies, terms, and acronyms
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`a‘nnSSSSS—
`
`PUBLISHED BY
`Microsoft Press
`A Division of Microsoft Corporation
`One Microsoft Way
`Redmond, Washington 98052-6399
`
`‘
`
`‘
`
`Copyright © 2002 by Microsoft Corporation
`All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
`or by any means withoutthe written permission of the publisher.
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`Microsoft Computer Dictionary.--5th ed.
`p. em.
`ISBN 0-7356-1495-4
`1. Computers--Dictionaries,
`
`2. Microcomputers--Dictionaries.
`
`AQ76.5. M52267
`004'.03--de21
`
`2002
`
`Printed and boundin the United States of America.
`
`23456789 QWT 765432
`
`200219714
`
`Distributed in Canada by H.B. Fenn and CompanyLtd.
`A CIP catalogue record for this bookis available from the British Library.
`Microsoft Press booksare available through booksellers and distributors worldwide. For further informa-
`tion about intemational editions, contact your local Microsoft Corporation office or contact Microsoft
`Press International directly at fax (425) 936-7329. Visit our Website at www. microsoft.com/mspress.
`Send commentsto mspinput@ microsoft.com.
`Active Desktop, Active Directory, ActiveMovie, ActiveStore, ActiveSync, ActiveX, Authenticode,
`BackOffice, BizTalk, ClearType, Direct3D, DirectAnimation, DirectDraw, DirectInput, DirectMusic,
`DirectPlay, DirectShow, DirectSound, DirectX, Entourage, FoxPro, FrontPage, Hotmail, IntelliEye,
`IntelliMouse, IntelliSense, JScript, MapPoint, Microsoft, Microsoft Press, Mobile Explorer, MS-DOS,
`MSN,Music Central, NetMeeting, Outlook, PhotoDraw, PowerPoint, SharePoint, UltimateTV, Visio,
`Visual Basic, Visuat C++, Visual FoxPro, Visual InterDev, Visual J++, Visual SourceSafe, Visual Studio
`Win32, Win32s, Windows, Windows Media, Windows NT, Xboxare either registered trademarks or
`trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Other product and
`company names mentioned herein may bethe trademarks of their respective owners.
`The example companies, organizations, products, domain names, e-mail addresses, logos, people, places,
`and events depicted herein are fictitious. No association with any real company, organization, product,
`domain name, e-mail address, logo, person, place, or event is intended or shouldbeinferred.
`
`Acquisitions Editor: Alex Blanton
`Project Editor: Sandra Haynes
`
`Body Part No. X08-41929
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`_ mainframe
`
`mainframe n. A type of large computer system (in the
`past often water-cooled), the primary data processing
`resource for many large businesses and organizations.
`Some mainframe operating systems and solutions are over
`40 years old and have the capacity to store year values
`only as two digits.
`mainframe computern. A high-level, typically large and
`expensive computer designed to handle intensive compu-
`tational tasks. Mainframe computersare characterized by
`their ability to simultaneously support many users con-
`nected to the computer by terminals. The nameis derived
`from “main frame,” the cabinet originally used to house
`the processing unit of such computers. See also computer,
`supercomputer.
`main function n. The main body of a program written in
`a computer languagethatuses sets of functions to create
`an entire program. For example, the C language requires
`each program to contain a function called main, which C
`usesas the starting point of execution. See aiso main body.
`main loop 1. A loop in the main body of a program that
`performsthe principal function of the program over and
`over until termination is somehowsignaled. In event-
`driven programs,this loop checks for events received from
`the operating system and handles them appropriately. See
`also event-driven programming, main body.
`main memory n. See primary storage.
`main segment n. On the Macintosh,the principat code
`segmentof a program, which must remain loaded through-
`out the execution ofthe program.
`maintenancen. The process of taking measures to
`ensure that a hardware, software, or database system is
`functioning properly andis up to date.
`Majordomo n. The nameof a popular software program
`that manages and supports Internet mailing lists. See also
`mailing list, mailing list manager.
`major geographic domain n. A two-character sequence
`in an Internet domain name address that indicates the
`country/region in which a hostis located. The major geo-
`graphic domainis the last part of the domain name
`address, following the subdomain and domain codes; for
`example, uiuc.edu.us indicates a host at the University of
`Illinois in the United States, whereas cam.ac.uk indicates a
`host at the University of Cambridge in the United King-
`dom. The code .us, which indicates a domain in the United
`
`al
`
`‘MANre
`
`States, is usually omitted. Also called: country code. See
`also DNS (definition 1), domain name address.
`major key n. See primary key.
`Make Changesn. The Macintosh-style permission that
`gives users the right to make changesto a folder’s con-
`tents; for example, modifying, renaming, moving, creat-
`ing, and deleting files. When AppleTalk network
`integration translates access privileges into permissions, a
`user who has the Make Changesprivilege is given Write
`and Delete permissions. See also permission.
`make-table query n. In Microsoft Office, an action query
`that moves the resulting data to a newtablein either the
`current database or another database.
`male connector n. A type of connectorthat has pins for
`insertion into receptacles. Male connector part numbers
`often include an M (male) or P (plug). For example, a
`male DB-25 connector might be labeled DB-25M or DB-
`25P. See the illustration, Compare female connector.
`
`
`
`Male connector.
`
`malicious mobile code n. A virus or other destructive
`program that takes advantage of security weaknesses in
`wireless transmission systems. Malicious mobile code
`may affect computers, PDAs, Internet-capable digital
`phones, and other wireless networking devices.
`maiware n. Softwarecreated and distributed for mali-
`cious purposes, such as invading computer systemsin the
`form of viruses, worms, or innocent-seeming plug-ins and
`extensionsthat mask other destructive capabilities. Also
`called: malicious software.
`
`MAMEn. Acronym for Multiple Arcade Machine Emula-
`tor. MAMEis software written in C that emulates the
`hardware andsoftwareoforiginal arcade games,allowing
`them to run on PCs,See also arcade game, C.
`MANn. Acronym for metropolitan area network. A high-
`speed network that can carry voice, data, and imagesat up
`to 200 Mbpsorfaster over distancesof up to 75 km. Based
`on the network architecture, the transmission speed can be
`higher for shorter distances. A MAN,which caninclude
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