`Zagar
`
`IIII
`USOO5666323A
`Patent Number:
`5,666,323
`Date of Patent:
`Sep. 9, 1997
`
`11
`45
`
`54 SYNCHRONOUS NAND DRAM
`ARCHITECTURE
`Inventor: Paul S. Zagar, Boise. Id.
`(75
`73 Assignee: Micron Technology, Inc., Boise. Id.
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`0473421 3/1992 European Pat. Off..
`0487288 5/1992 European Pat. Off. .
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`"Synchronous DRAM 2 MEGX 8 SDRAM". Micron Semi
`conductors, Inc., Pulsed RAS Dual Bank, BURST Mode,
`21 Appl. No.: 615,527
`3.3V, Self Refresh, 1-41, (Apr. 29 1993).
`T. Hasegawa, et al., “An Experimental DRAM with a
`(22
`Filed:
`Mar 11, 1996
`NAND-Structured Cell", 1993 IEEE International Solid
`-State Circuits Conference, pp. 46047120194.
`Related U.S. Application Data
`Primary Examiner-Joseph A. Popek
`63 Continuation of ser. No. 348,552, Dec. 1, 1994, Pat No.
`Attorney; Agent, or Firm-Schwegman, Lundberg,
`5,513,418.
`Woessner & Kluth, PA.
`(51
`int. Cl. ... G1c so
`57
`ABSTRACT
`52 U.S. Cl. ................
`365/233; 365/239;365/230.06
`58) Field of Search ............................... 365/230.03, 149.
`An integrated circuit memory device has two banks of
`NAND structured memory cells and a clock input for
`365/233, 18904, 189,05, 239, 221, 230.06
`synchronously latching control, address and data signals.
`References Cited
`Time delays of sequentially accessing and restoring memory
`bits in the NAND structure are masked through the use of
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`the dual bank architecture and synchronous timing. The
`36.5/189,05
`4,602,354 7/1986 Craycraft etal
`5633,256 1/1992 Haret al. NAND structured memory cells provide an extremely dense
`5,220.215
`6/1993 Douglas et al.
`30,465
`memory array for a high capacity memory device. The input
`5,276,642
`1/1994 Lee .......................................... 365,189
`clock signal driving a synchronous word line generator
`5,287,327 2/1994 Takasugi ................................. 365,230
`provides a simplified high speed access to the array. A set of
`5,293,346 3/1994 Nakajima et al.
`... 36.5/221
`random access storage registers temporarily store data from
`5,305,263 4/1994 Morgan ................................... 365,190
`the array and provide high speed page access to an entire
`5,307.34 4/1994 Lee ....................... 365/89
`page of data from each bank of the memory. The ability to
`5,311,483
`5/1994 Takasugi ............................... 365,233
`access one bank while simultaneously opening or closing a
`3. 3. 3:13; .."
`: row in the other bank allows for an unlimited number of high
`5,339,276 8/1994 Takasugi .....
`I so speed sequential data accesses.
`5,444,652
`8/1995. Furuyama ...
`... 36.5/149
`5,500,815 3/1996 Takase et al. ........................... 365/149
`8 Claims, 6 Drawing Sheets
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`NANYA TECHNOLOGY EXHIBIT 1005
`NANYA TECHNOLOGY CORP. V. MONTEREY RESEARCH, LLC
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sep. 9, 1997
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`Sheet 1 of 6
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`NANYA TECHNOLOGY EXHIBIT 1005
`NANYA TECHNOLOGY CORP. V. MONTEREY RESEARCH, LLC
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sep. 9, 1997
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`Sheet 2 of 6
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`NANYA TECHNOLOGY EXHIBIT 1005
`NANYA TECHNOLOGY CORP. V. MONTEREY RESEARCH, LLC
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sep. 9, 1997
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`Sheet 3 of 6
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`NANYA TECHNOLOGY EXHIBIT 1005
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sheet 4 of 6
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`NANYA TECHNOLOGY EXHIBIT 1005
`NANYA TECHNOLOGY CORP. V. MONTEREY RESEARCH, LLC
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sep. 9, 1997
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`Sheet 5 of 6
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`NANYA TECHNOLOGY EXHIBIT 1005
`NANYA TECHNOLOGY CORP. V. MONTEREY RESEARCH, LLC
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sep. 9, 1997
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`NANYA TECHNOLOGY EXHIBIT 1005
`NANYA TECHNOLOGY CORP. V. MONTEREY RESEARCH, LLC
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`NANYA TECHNOLOGY EXHIBIT 1005
`NANYA TECHNOLOGY CORP. V. MONTEREY RESEARCH, LLC
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`1
`SYNCHRONOUS NAND DRAM
`ARCHITECTURE
`
`5,666,323
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`This application is a continuation of U.S. patent appli
`cation Ser. No. 08/348,552, filed Dec. 1, 1994, now U.S. Pat.
`No. 5,513,148.
`FIELD OF THE INVENTION
`This invention relates to integrated circuit memory device
`architectures designed to provide high density data storage
`with high speed read and write data access.
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`The demand for faster, higher density, random access
`memory integrated circuits is ever present. In the quest to
`meet this demand, numerous alternatives to the standard
`DRAM architecture have been proposed. Unfortunately, the
`higher density and higher speed requirements have largely
`proven to be mutually exclusive. Circuitry to accelerate data
`flow tends to add area to the memory device, which in turn
`adds cost. The higher cost of high speed devices has
`prevented their wide spread use, and therefore only limited
`quantities are manufactured. This limited manufacture fur
`ther prevents the reduction in cost which typically can be
`accomplished through the manufacturing improvements and
`efficiencies associated with a high volume product. Ultra
`dense device architectures often require complex sequences
`of timing signals to access data in the array. These complex
`sequences add overhead to the access time creating a rela
`tively slow device. The speed penalties associated with these
`architectures have likewise prevented their wide spread
`acceptance. A demand remains for a high speed, high density
`memory device that can compete with the standard DRAM
`in terms of the cost of manufacture and ease of use.
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`Asynchronous NAND type dynamic memory cell is used
`to provide both high density and high speed access. A dual
`bank architecture is used to provide continuous sequential
`access to the array by masking row access and precharge
`times. The use of a clockinput signal significantly simplifies
`the design of the word line generation circuitry for reading
`and restoring data in the array. By latching data from the
`array in temporary high speed random access registers, the
`data can be rapidly read out of the part either in a random
`page mode type access, or sequentially through the use of an
`integrated column address counter. Synchronous data input/
`output with the clock signal simplifies the interface between
`the memory and external circuitry, and allows for a high
`speed data pipeline between the random access registers and
`the input/output buffers. A programmable burst length
`counter may be included to allow for a predetermined
`number of interleaved or linear data accesses.
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`The features of the invention as well as objects and
`advantages will be best understood by reference to the
`appended claims, detailed description of particular embodi
`ments and accompanying drawings where:
`FIG. 1 is an electrical schematic diagram of a memory
`device in accordance with one embodiment of the invention;
`FIG. 2 is an electrical schematic diagram of a memory
`device in accordance with a further embodiment of the
`invention;
`FIG. 3 is a timing diagram of a read operation of a
`memory device designed in accordance with the embodi
`ment of the invention shown in FIG. 1;
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`FIG. 4 is a timing diagram of a write operation of a
`memory device designed in accordance with the embodi
`ment of the invention shown in FIG. 1;
`FIG. 5 is a timing diagram of a read operation of a
`memory device designed in accordance with the embodi
`ment of the invention shown in FIG. 2; and
`FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a memory device
`designed in accordance with a still further embodiment of
`the invention.
`
`DETALED DESCRIPTION OF THE
`INVENTION
`In reference to FIG. 1, a 100 megahertz 16 megabit
`synchronous NAND dynamic memory device has a clock
`signal input node 10 for receiving a clock signal which is
`used to latch address signals at node 20, data signals at node
`30 and control signals at node 40 into input latches 50, 60,
`70 and 80. The Row Address latch 50 generates a row
`address at node 90. The clock signal is used with the row
`address and latched control signals at node 100 as an input
`to the word line generator 110. When a command is received
`on the control node 40 to access a row in the memory, the
`word line generator will activate a series of word lines 120,
`122, 124 and 126 which in turn sequentially actuate access
`devices 130, 132, 134 and 136 sequentially accessing data
`stored on storage elements 140, 142,144 and 146. Dummy
`access devices 148 and 149 are optionally placed between
`adjacent NAND structures for signal isolation. At the end of
`a series of NAND structures, the dummy devices may be
`tied to a reference or supply voltage where they would
`normally tie into the next NAND structure. Data from the
`storage elements is detected on bit line 150 using bit line 152
`as a reference. Sense amplifier 154 amplifies the differential
`signal on bit lines 150 and 152. Data read out of the storage
`elements and amplified in the sense amps is then latched in
`registers 156. Registers 156 are accessible via the column
`address decoder?counter 160 which receives an initial col
`umn address from the column address latch 60. In burst
`mode operation, the clock signal causes the column address
`counter 160 to advance on each clock pulse, or on a multiple
`thereof. The column address may be advanced in a linear or
`in an interleaved pattern. Each column address selects a
`word of data from the registers 156. Data from the registers
`156 is latched in the output buffer 70 for data read cycles.
`At the end of a memory cycle, either a single or a burst
`access, a command is sent to close the open row. An open
`row is one in which the word lines are active and the data
`from the row is available for access. A closed row is one in
`which the word lines are deactivated, and the data is stored
`in the memory cell. To close the row, data from the registers
`156 is sequentially sent back to the bit line 150 and stored
`in the storage elements. The word lines 120, 122, 124 and
`126 are deactivated in reverse order to trap the restored data
`in the appropriate storage element. This figure shows only
`two NAND memory structures 162 and 164 of four bits each
`to illustrate the function of the invention. The actual 16
`megabit device is made up of over four million NAND
`structures each capable of storing four bits of data. Multiple
`NAND structures share a common bit line in one dimension
`of the array, and multiple NAND structures share common
`word lines in the other dimension. ANOR type memory cell
`of four bits requiring an active low word line signal acti
`vating a p-channel access device could also be used.
`Additionally, there is no requirement that there be four bits
`per NAND or NOR memory cell. Other cell capacities
`greater than a single bit could be used where the number of
`
`NANYA TECHNOLOGY EXHIBIT 1005
`NANYA TECHNOLOGY CORP. V. MONTEREY RESEARCH, LLC
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`sequential word lines generated in response to an access
`command is equal to the number of bits in a NAND or NOR
`memory cell structure.
`FIG. 2 shows an alternate embodiment of the invention
`which has two banks of NAND structured dynamic memory
`devices 170 and 172. In addition to the two banks, there are
`two sets of registers 156 and 158, one for each bank of
`memory. Elements of like function between FIG. 1 and FIG.
`2 have corresponding element numbers. Detail of the
`memory banks is not shown. The memory device of FIG. 2
`operates in a similar fashion to the device of FIG. 1 with
`certain advantages. The two bank device of FIG.2 provides
`for continuous data access by allowing a row in one bank to
`be opened or closed while data is being accessed in the other
`bank. For example, a burst read cycle can be initiated in
`bank one. While data is being burst out of bank one, a
`command to open a row of bank 2 will not interfere with the
`burst read of bank one. A command to perform a burst read
`of bank two will terminate the burst read of bank one, and
`provide data out of bank two. While data is being burst out
`of bank two, bank one can be instructed to close the open
`row and open another row without interrupting the data flow
`from bank two. A burst read can then be performed from
`bank one which will terminate the read of bank two.
`Interleaving the banks in this manner provides for high
`speed uninterrupted data access of the memory device.
`FIG. 3 is a timing diagram showing the synchronous
`operation of the memory device of FIG. 1 in a read cycle of
`burst length four. Each clock pulse is numbered for refer
`ence. The time between clock pulses is 10 nanoseconds for
`this example of a 100 megahertz device. At time t-1, a
`command to open a row of the memory is latched into the
`control latches. and the row address is latched into the row
`address latches. At time t-2, the first word line is activated
`The second through fourth word lines are activated on
`successive clock pulses. One clock period after each word
`line is activated, the data associated with that word line is
`latched into a register from a bit line. Five clock cycles after
`receiving the open command, all of the word line data is
`available in the registers. Four or more clock cycles after
`receiving the open command, the device is ready to receive
`a read command and the column address. The first data word
`corresponding to the column address received with the read
`command flows through the output buffer after the clock
`cycle following the read command, in this case time t=6. On
`45
`the next clock pulse, t=7, the first read data word is valid on
`the device output pins, and the next read data word is latched
`in the output buffer. Successive data words are available on
`successive clock pulses. At time t-9, a command is received
`to close the open row. At time t =10, the fourth word line is
`closed trapping data on a bit line from its associated register
`into a memory cell. Also at time t =10, the last valid read data
`word is available at the device output pins, and the outputs
`are turned off before time t-11. At time t-11, the third word
`line is closed, trapping data on the bit line from the third data
`55
`register into the third memory cell of the four cell NAND
`structure. At times t=12 and 13 word lines two and one are
`closed trapping data from the bit line which carries data from
`registers two and one sequentially. At time t-13 all data from
`the registers is restored into the memory cells, and the row
`is closed.
`FIG. 4 is a timing diagram showing the synchronous
`operation of the memory device of FIG. 1 in a write cycle
`of burst length four. Each clock pulse is numbered for
`reference. The time between clockpulses is 10 nanoseconds
`for this example of a 100 megahertz device. At time t=1, a
`command to open a row of the memory is latched into the
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`control latches, and the row address is latched into the row
`address latches. At time to 2, the first word line is activated.
`The second through fourth word lines are activated on
`successive clock pulses. One clock period after each word
`line is activated, the data associated with that word line is
`latched into a register from a bit line. Five clock cycles after
`receiving the open command, all of the word line data is
`available in the registers. Four or more clock cycles after
`receiving the open command, the device is ready to receive
`a Write command and the column address. The first data
`word corresponding to the column address received with the
`Write command is latched in the data buffer on the clock of
`the Write command, in this case at time t-5. On the next
`clock pulse, t=6, the first write data word is latched into the
`appropriate register corresponding to the column address.
`Also a time t-6, the last of the data words from the memory
`is latched into the registers. In the event that the first write
`data is targeted to the same register as the last data from the
`array, the write data has priority and the array data is
`prevented from being latched in the register. Otherwise, the
`first write data will overwrite data in one of the other
`registers. Successive data words are latched into the registers
`on successive clock pulses. At time t=9, a command is
`received to close the open row. Also at time t=9, the last
`write data word is latched into the registers. At times t=10
`through t=13, the word lines are closed in reverse order to
`trap the data from the registers into the NAND structure as
`in the case of the burst read of FIG. 3. At time t-13 all data
`from the registers is restored into the memory cells, and the
`row is closed.
`FIG. 5 is a timing diagram showing a dual bank continu
`ous burst read of the memory device of FIG. 2. At time t =1.
`word lines WL11 through WL14 are high, and a row of bank
`one is open. Also at time t-1, a burst read of bank one is in
`progress with data words being output on successive clock
`cycles. At time t-2, a command to open a row of bank two
`is received. From time t-2 to time t-7, data from bank two
`is being accessed and latched in registers. At time t-6, a
`command is received to perform a burst read from bank two.
`This read command for bank two terminates the read of bank
`one with a latency of one clock. At time t-7, the last valid
`read data word from bank one is available on the device
`output pins. At time t-8, the first read data from bank two is
`available. Also at time t-8, a command is received to close
`bank one. From time t-8 to t=12, data for bank one is
`restored from the registers into the memory cells while data
`from bank two is being read. At time t-14 a command is
`received to open another row of bank one. In this manner a
`continuous flow of data from the memory can be realized at
`a high data rate corresponding to the clock frequency.
`Dual bank continuous write cycles are performed as
`detailed in the timing diagram of FIG. 4 with bank switching
`occurring as detailed in FIG. 5.
`FIG. 6 shows yet a further embodiment of the invention.
`In FIG. 6, a two dimensional array 200 of NAND memory
`cells 202 share a common bit line 204 along one dimension
`of the array, and bit storage locations 206 of multiple NAND
`cells share a common word line 208 along the other dimen
`sion of the array. Each bit line carries data bidirectionally
`between the memory array and a two port data register 210.
`Data transfer between the memory array and the two port
`data register is accomplished in a serial manner. An optional
`pipeline register 212 is placed between the two port data
`register and a data latch 214 for optimum data transfer speed
`between the two port data register and the data latch. Data
`transfer between the data latch and the two port data register
`is accomplished in a random access manner with addresses
`of the two port data register supplied by a column address
`counter 216.
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`NANYA TECHNOLOGY EXHIBIT 1005
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`In operation, a word line generator 218 receives a clock
`signal at node 220, a row address at node 222 and control
`signals at node 224, and activates a series of word lines 226
`corresponding to the number of word lines in a memory cell
`structure at a location determined by the row address. As
`each word line is activated, a data bit from each of the
`corresponding memory cells is stored in the two port data
`register. The data from each memory cell is serially trans
`ferred into the two port data register one bit from each cell
`on each successive clock pulse in which a word line is
`activated.
`For read cycles, data from the two port data register is
`randomly accessed according to an address from the column
`address counter. Data from the two port data register is
`clocked into a pipeline register, and then into the data latch.
`In a burst read operation, data from sequential column
`addresses is output through the data latch in successive clock
`intervals after a latency corresponding to the number of
`stages in the pipeline, the two port data register and the
`output latch. The pipeline register may contain multiple
`stages, some or all of which may alternately be placed
`between the memory array and the two port data register.
`For write cycles, data is latched into the data latch and
`then through the pipeline into the two port data register, or
`directly from the data latch into the two port data register
`when no pipeline stages are between the data latch and the
`two port data register. Multiple data words may be written
`into the two port data register at successive clock intervals.
`Upon receiving a command to close the row in the
`memory array, the word line generator will close each of the
`word lines in reverse order after the appropriate data has
`30
`been transferred from the two port data register into the
`memory cells. A delay between receiving the close com
`mand and the deactivation of the first row line may be
`required in the case where a pipeline register is present
`between the two port data register and the memory array.
`A single data latch has been referred to in the description
`of this embodiment of the invention. However, the data latch
`may comprise separate input and output latches or a bidi
`rectional latch. This particular embodiment of the invention
`is also compatible with the dual bank memory device
`described with reference to FIG. 2. For a multiple bank
`memory device, multiple two port data registers are
`required, but they may share common pipeline registers
`between the two port data registers and the data latch.
`Although the present invention has been described with
`reference to particular embodiments, other versions are
`possible and will be apparent to individuals skilled in the art.
`For example, the memory cells of the present invention are
`not limited to four bit NAND structures. Any NAND or
`NOR type memory cell structure having a capacity greater
`than a single bit which requires multiple word lines for data
`access is applicable. Additionally, rather than activating
`sequential word lines on successive clock cycles, multiple
`clock cycles may be required for activation of a word line.
`Other significant deviations from the timing diagrams and
`device schematics shown are possible without deviating
`from the scope and intent of the invention. The invention
`therefore, is not limited to the specific features and elements
`shown. It is intended that the scope of the invention be
`defined by the appended claims and in accordance with the
`doctrine of equivalents.
`What is claimed is:
`1. A synchronous memory device comprising:
`a clock node for receiving a clock signal;
`a plurality of NAND structured memory cells, each one of
`65
`the plurality of NAND structured memory cells com
`prising:
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`a plurality of random access storage cells,
`a plurality of access devices coupled in sequence, each
`one of the plurality of access devices electrically
`located between adjacent ones of the plurality of
`random access storage cells, each one of the plurality
`of access devices being connected to a word line for
`selective activation by a wordline generator circuit
`coupled to the clock node input, one of the plurality
`of access devices being coupled to a bit line for
`sequentially communicating data with the plurality
`of random access storage cells in synchronization
`with the clock signal.
`2. The synchronous memory device of claim 1, wherein
`the plurality of random access storage cells comprise static
`random access storage cells.
`3. The synchronous memory device of claim 1, wherein
`the plurality of random access storage cells comprise
`dynamic random access storage cells formed as capacitors
`having a first plate and a second plate, the first plate being
`coupled to the plurality of access devices, and the second
`plate being coupled to a reference voltage,
`4. The synchronous memory device of claim 1, wherein
`the plurality of access devices comprise an in-channel tran
`sistor having a gate coupled to one of the word lines, a drain
`and a source.
`5. A synchronous memory device comprising:
`a clock node for receiving a clock signal;
`a plurality of NAND structured memory cells, each one of
`the plurality of NAND structured memory cells com
`prising:
`a plurality of random access storage cells.
`a plurality of access devices coupled in sequence, each
`one of the plurality of access devices electrically
`located between adjacent ones of the plurality of
`random access storage cells, each one of the plurality
`of access devices being connected to a word line for
`selective activation, one of the plurality of access
`devices being coupled to a bit line for sequentially
`communicating data with the plurality of random
`access storage cells in synchronization with the clock
`signal;
`an address latch, a data latch and a control latch, each
`connected to the clock node for latching an address
`signal, a data signal and control signals respectively in
`response to transitions of the clock signal;
`an output latch connected to the clock node;
`a first and second plurality of word lines;
`a first bank of NAND structured memory cells connected
`to the first plurality of word lines and connected to a
`first bit line;
`a second bank of NAND structured memory cells con
`nected to the second plurality of word lines and con
`nected to a second bit line;
`a first word line activation circuit connected to the control
`latch, the address latch and the first plurality of word
`lines, responsive to the control signals, the address
`signal and the clock signal for activating a sequence of
`the first plurality of word lines;
`a second word line activation circuit connected to the
`control latch, the address latch and the second plurality
`of word lines, responsive to the control signals, the
`address signal and the clock signal for activating a
`sequence of the second plurality of word lines;
`a first plurality of random access storage cells connected
`to the first bit line, the data latch, the address latch and
`the output latch; and
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`NANYA TECHNOLOGY EXHIBIT 1005
`NANYA TECHNOLOGY CORP. V. MONTEREY RESEARCH, LLC
`
`
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`5,666.323
`
`7
`a second plurality of random access storage cells con-
`nected to the second bit line, the data latch, the address
`latch and the output latch.
`6. The synchronous memory device of claim 5, wherein
`first data from the first bank of memory cells can be accessed 5
`from the first plurality of random access storage registers
`while second data is being stored into the second bank of
`memory cells from the second plurality of random access
`storage registers.
`7. A method for high speed access of data within a random 10
`access memory device having first and second banks of
`NAND structured memory cells and input nodes for receiv-
`ing a clock signal, control signals and address signals, the
`method comprising:
`activating a first series of word lines within the first bank 15
`of NAND structured memory cells;
`accessing a first data word from the first bank of NAND
`structured memory cells in response to the activated
`first series of word lines, the clock signal, the control
`signals and the address signals;
`
`8
`storing the first data word in a first storage register;
`deactivating the first series of word lines;
`activating a second series of word lines within the second
`bank of NAND structured memory cells while the first
`series of word lines is being deactivated;
`accessing a second data word from the second bank of
`NAND structured memory cells in response to the
`activated second series of word lines, the clock signal,
`the control signals and the address signals; and
`storing the second data word in a second storage register.
`8. Th
`thod of claim 7
`as rea
`e method of claim 7, further comprising:
`incrementing an address within the memory device in
`response to the clock signal to access a third data word
`from one of the banks of NAND structured memory
`cells.
`
`x:
`
`x
`
`s
`
`::
`
`:
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`NANYA TECHNOLOGY EXHIBIT 1005
`NANYA TECHNOLOGY CORP. V. MONTEREY RESEARCH, LLC
`
`
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`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION
`5,666,323
`September 9, 1997
`Zagar
`
`PATENT MO. :
`DATED
`INVENTOR(S) :
`
`it is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said letters
`Patent is hereby corrected as shown below:
`
`On the cover page, under Related U.S. Application Data, after Pat. No. delete "5,513,418" and
`please insert -5,513,148- therefor.
`
`Signed and Sealed this
`
`Sixth Day of January, 1998
`
`(a teen
`
`BRUCE LEHMAN
`
`Attesting Officer
`
`Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks
`
`NANYA TECHNOLOGY EXHIBIT 1005
`NANYA TECHNOLOGY CORP. V. MONTEREY RESEARCH, LLC
`
`