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`

`

`PCT
`
`lntematlonal Bureau
`WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ORGANIZATION
`
`
`
`INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT)
`
`(51) International Patent Classification 6 2
`
`(11) Intel-.mtional Publication Number:
`
`WO 97/43761
`
`G118 20/00
`
`(43) International Publication Date:
`
`20 November 1997 (20.1 1.97)
`
`(21) International Application Number:
`
`(22) International Filing Date:
`
`2
`
`PCT/US97/0819
`15 May 1997 (15.05.97)
`
`94087 (US). WEBER, Robert, P. [US/US]; 215 Waverley
`Street #4, Menlo Park, CA 94025 (US).
`
`(74) Agent: FARlS, Robert, W.; Nixon & Vanderhye P.C., 8th floor,
`1100 North Glebe Road, Arlington, VA 22201-4714 (US).
`
`(30) Priority Data:
`US
`15 May 1996 (15.05.96)
`60/017,722
`US
`22 May 1996 (22.05.96)
`60/018,132
`US
`12 August 1996 (12.08.96)
`08/689,606
`US
`12 August 1996 (12.08.96)
`08/689,754
`US
`12 August 1996 (12.08.96)
`08/699,712
`4 September 1996 (04.09.96) WO
`PCT/U896/14262
`(34) Countriesfor which the regional or
`US at al.
`international application was filed:
`60/037,931
`14 February 1997 (14.02.97)
`US
`
`(71) Applicant (for all designated States except US): INTERTRUST
`TECHNOLOGIES CORP.
`[US/US]; 460 Oakmead Park-
`way, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 (US).
`
`(72) Inventors; and
`SHEAR, Victor, H.
`(75) Inventors/Applicants (for US only):
`[US/US]; 5203 Battery Lane, Bethesda, MD 20814 (US).
`SlBERT, Olin, W. [US/US]; 30 lngleside Road, Lexington,
`MA 02l73-2522 (US). VANWIE, David, M.
`[US/US];
`Apartment 216, 965 E. El Camino Real. Sunnyvale, CA
`
`(81) Designated States: AL, AM, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BR,
`BY, CA, CH, CN, CU, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, FI, GB, GE,
`HU, lL, IS, JP, KE, KG, KP, KR, KZ, LC, LK, LR, LS,
`LT, LU, LV, MD, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, NO, NZ, PL,
`PT, RO, RU, SD, SE, SG, SI, SK, TJ, TM, TR, 'l'l‘, UA,
`UG, US, UZ, VN, ARIPO patent (GH, KE, LS, MW, SD,
`52, UG), Eurasian patent (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, MD, RU,
`TJ, TM), European patent (AT, BE, CH, DE, DK, ES, FI,
`FR, GB, GR, IE, IT, LU, MC, NL, PT, SE), OAPI patent
`(BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD,
`TG).
`
`Published
`Without international search report and to be republished
`upon receipt of that report.
`
`(54) Title: CRYPTOGRAPHIC METHODS, APPARATUS AND SYSTEMS FOR STORAGE MEDIAELECTRONIC RIGHTS MAN-
`AGEMENT IN CLOSED AND CONNECTED APPLIANCES
`
`(57) Abstract
`
`woo!!! m
`LIMITATIONS ON ACTM'IIES
`APPLY TO ONE DFI MANY
`USE IN SECURITY
`MANY PARAMETER TYPES
`INTEGRATED WITH alum
`POSITTVE Cm PATH
`
`WHTS‘.
`plat-35m IIOOID not
`USAGE
`‘USTFBJTION
`MAINVSTFIATION
`HEIHOD REWWBJENTS
`METHOD OPTIONS
`ms
`
`management
`rights
`A
`storage media
`for
`arrangement
`digital
`video
`such
`as
`optical
`disks (DVDs, also called digital
`versatile disks) provides adequate
`copy
`protection
`in
`a
`limited,
`inexpenstve
`mass—produceable,
`low-capability platform such as
`a dedicated home consumer disk
`player and also provides enhanced,
`more flexible security techniques
`and methods when the same media
`are used with platforms having
`higher
`security capabilities.
`'A
`control object
`(or
`set) defines
`plural
`rights management
`rules
`for instance, price for performance
`or rules governing redistribution.
`Low capability
`platforms may
`enable only a subset of the control
`rules such as controls on copying
`or marking of played material. Higher capability platforms may enable all (or different subsets) of the rules. Cryptographically strong
`security is provided by encrypting at least some of the information carried by the media and enabling decryption based on the control set
`and/or other limitations. A secure "software container" can be used to protectively encapsulate (e.g., by cryptographic techniques) various
`digital property content (e.g., audio, video, game, etc.) and control object (i.e., set of rules) information. A standardized container format
`is provided for general use on/with various mediums and platforms.
`In addition, a special purpose container may be provided for DVD
`medium and appliances (e.g., recorders, players, etc.)
`that contains DVD program content (digital property) and DVD medium specific
`rules. The techniques. systems and methods disclosed herein are capable of achieving compatibility with other protection standards,
`such as for example, CGMA and Matsushita data protection standards adopted for DVDs. Cooperative rights management may also be
`provided, where plural networked rights management arrangements collectively control a rights management event on one or more of such
`arrangements.
`
`DECRYPT. ACCESS. EXTRACT. EMBED.
`
`INFORMATIM CONTENT I)!
`rearward
`"DEO‘SOFMME
`
`METER, BILING, AUDIT. ENCRYPT.
`
`newsmamnmcsswne,
`Ffpg‘g'fiifififc‘ss-W
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
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`Exhibit 1005, Page 0938
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0938
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`

`

`FOR THE PURPOSES OF INFORMATION ONLY
`
`
`
`Codes used to identify States party to the PCT on the front pages of pamphlets publishing intemational applications under the PCT.
`Albania
`ES
`LS
`Lesotho
`SI
`Slovenia
`Armenia
`FI
`LT
`Lithuania
`SK
`Slovakia
`Austria
`FR
`SN
`LU
`Luxembourg
`Senegal
`Australia
`LV
`GA
`Latvia
`SZ
`Swaziland
`MC
`Monaco
`TD
`GB
`Chad
`Azerbaijan
`MD
`GE
`T6
`Republic of Moldova
`Bosnia and Herzegovina
`Togo
`Barbados
`GH
`MG
`TJ
`Madagascar
`Tajikistan
`MK
`TM
`GN
`Turkmenistan
`Belgium
`The former Yugoslav
`Burkina Fasu
`GR
`TR
`Turkey
`Republic of Macedonia
`HU
`Mali
`TT
`Bulgaria
`Trinidad and Tobago
`Benin
`IE
`UA
`Ukraine
`Mongolia
`Brazil
`[L
`Mauritania
`UG
`Uganda
`Belarus
`IS
`Malawi
`US
`United States of America
`Canada
`IT
`Mexico
`UZ
`Uzbekistan
`VN
`Viet Nam
`JP
`Central African Republic
`Niger
`KE
`Netherlands
`YU
`Congo
`Yugoslavia
`Switzerland
`KG
`ZW
`Zimbabwe
`Norway
`Cbte d'lvoire
`KP
`New Zealand
`Cameroon
`Poland
`China
`Portugal
`Cuba
`Romania
`Russian Federation
`Czech Republic
`Sudan
`Germany
`Denmark
`Sweden
`Estonia
`Singapore
`
`MI.
`MN
`MR
`M w
`MX
`NE
`NL
`NO
`NZ
`PL
`PT
`RO
`RU
`SD
`SE
`SG
`
`Spain
`Finland
`France
`Gabon
`United Kingdom
`Georgia
`Ghana
`Guinea
`Greece
`Hungary
`Ireland
`Israel
`Iceland
`Italy
`Japan
`Kenya
`Kyrgyutan
`Democratic People's
`Republic of Korea
`Republic of Korea
`Kazakstan
`Saint Lucia
`Liechtenalein
`Sri Lanka
`Liberia
`
`KR
`KZ
`LC
`Ll
`LK
`LR
`
`
`
` AL
`
`AM
`AT
`AU
`AZ
`BA
`‘33
`m:
`BF
`no
`BJ
`an
`av
`CA
`CF
`CG
`CH
`CI
`CM
`CM
`cu
`cz
`DE
`DK
`EE
`
`F03 3_WO 1 997043 761_Intertrust Page 2 of 209
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`DISH-Blue Spike 842
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`

`

`WO 97/43761
`
`‘ PCT/US97I08192
`
`-
`
`CRYPTOGRAPHIC METHODS, APPARATUS
`AND SYSTEMS FOR STORAGE MEDIA
`
`ELECTRONIC RIGHTS MANAGEMENT IN
`
`CLOSED AND CONNECTED APPLIANCES
`
`5
`
`Cross-Reference to Related Applications and Patents
`
`The specifications and drawings of the following prior,
`
`commonly assigned published patent specifications are
`
`incorporated by reference into this patent specification:
`
`PCT Publication NO. WO 96/27155 dated 6 September 1996
`
`10
`
`entitled “Systems And Methods For Secure Transaction
`
`Management And Electronic Rights Protection”, which is based
`
`on PCT application no. PCT/US96/02303 filed 13 February 1996
`
`and US. patent application serial no. 08/388,107 of Ginter et al.
`
`entitled filed on February 13, 1995 (hereinafter “Ginter et a1”);
`
`15
`
`US. Patent No 4,827,508 entitled “Database Usage
`
`Metering and Protection System and Method” dated May 2, 1989;
`
`US. Patent No. 4,977,594 entitled “Database Usage
`
`Metering and Protection System and Method” dated December I I,
`
`1990;
`
`F03 3_WO 1 997043 761_1ntertrust Page 3 Of 209
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`

`

`WO 97/43761
`
`PCT/US97/08192
`
`US. Patent No. 5,050,213 entitled “Database Usage
`
`Metering and Protection System and Method” dated September
`
`17,1991;and
`
`US. Patent No. 5,410,598 entitled “Database Usage
`
`5 Metering and Protection System and Method” dated April 25,
`
`1995;and
`
`European Patent No.EP 329681 entitled “Database Usage
`
`Metering and Protection System and Method” dated January 17,
`
`1996.
`
`10
`
`In addition, the specifications and drawings of the following
`
`commonly-assigned prior-filed patent specifications are
`
`incorporated by reference into this patent application:
`
`PCT Application No. PCT/US96/ 14262 filed 4 September
`
`1996 entitled “Trusted Infrastructure Support Systems, Methods
`
`15 And Techniques For Secure Electronic Commerce, Electronic
`
`Transactions, Commerce Process Control And Automation,
`
`Distributed Computing, And Rights Management,” which
`
`corresponds to US. patent application serial no. 08/699,712 filed
`
`on August 12, 1996 (hereinafter “Shear et al.”);
`
`2
`
`F03 3_WO 1 997043 761_Intertrust Page 4 of 209
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`DISH-Blue Spike 842
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`Exhibit 1005, Page 0941
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`DISH-Blue Spike 842
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`

`

`wo 97/4376]
`
`' PCT/US97/08192
`
`PCT Application No.
`
`filed
`
`, 1997
`
`entitled “Steganographic Techniques For Securely Delivering
`
`Electronic Digital Rights Management Control Information Over
`
`Insecure Communications Channels,” which corresponds to US.
`
`5
`
`patent application serial no. 08/689,606 ofVan Wie and Weber
`
`filed on August 12, 1996 (hereinafter “Van Wie and Weber”); and
`
`PCT Application No.
`
`filed
`
`,
`
`1997 based on US. Patent Application serial no.08/689,754
`
`entitled “Systems and Methods Using Cryptography To Protect
`
`10
`
`Secure Computing Environments,” of Sibert and Van Wie filed on
`
`August 12, 1996 (hereinafter “Sibert and Van Wie”).
`
`FIELD OF THE INVENTION
`
`This invention relates to information protection techniques
`
`using cryptography, and more particularly to techniques using
`
`15
`
`cryptography for managing rights to information stored on
`
`portable media -- one example being optical media such as Digital
`
`Video Disks (also known as "Digital Versatile Disks" and/or
`
`"DVDs"). This invention also relates to information protection
`
`and rights management techniques having selectable applicability
`
`20
`
`depending upon, for example, the resources ofthe device being
`3
`
`F03 3_WO 1 997043 761_Intertrust Page 5 of 209
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`DISH-Blue Spike 842
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`

`

`WO 97/43761
`
`i PCT/US97/08192
`
`used by the consumer (e.g., personal computer or standalone
`
`player), other attributes of the device (such as whether the device
`
`can be and/or typically is connected to an information network
`
`(“connected” versus “unconnected”)), and available rights. This
`
`5
`
`invention further relates, in part, to cooperative rights management
`
`—- where plural networked rights management arrangements
`
`collectively control a rights management event on one or more of
`
`such arrangements. Further, important aspects of this invention
`
`can be employed in rights management for electronic information
`
`10 made available through broadcast and/or network downloads
`
`and/or use of non-portable storage media, either independent of, or
`
`in combination with portable media.
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`The entertainment industry has been transformed by the
`
`15
`
`pervasiveness of home consumer electronic devices that can play
`
`video and/or audio from pre~recorded media. This transformation
`
`began in the early 19003 with the invention of the
`
`phonograph—which for the first time allowed a consumer to listen
`
`to his or her favorite band, orchestra or singer in his or her home
`
`20 whenever he or she wishes. The availability of inexpensive video
`
`F03 3_WO 1 997043 761_Intertrust Page 6 of 209
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`4 .
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`DISH-Blue Spike 842
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`

`WO 97/4376]
`
`- PCT/US97I08192
`
`cassette recorders/players beginning in the early 19805 brought
`
`about a profound revolution in the movie and broadcast industries,
`
`creating an entirely new home consumer market for films,
`
`documentaries, music videos, exercise videos, etc.
`
`5
`
`The entertainment industry has long searched for optimal
`
`media for distributing content to home consumers. The original
`
`phonograph cylinders distributed by Thomas Edison and other
`
`phonograph pioneers had the advantage that they were difficult to
`
`c0py, but suffered from various disadvantages such as high
`
`10 manufacturing costs, low resistance to breakage, very limited
`
`playback time, relatively low playback quality, and susceptibility
`
`to damage from wear, scratching or melting. Later-developed wax
`
`and vinyl disks could hold more music material but suffered from
`
`many of the same disadvantages. Magnetic tapes, on the other
`
`15
`
`hand, could be manufactured very inexpensively and could hold a
`
`large amount of program material (e.g., 2, 4 or even 6 hours of
`
`video and/or audio). Such magnetic tapes could reproduce
`
`program material at relatively high quality, and were not as
`
`susceptible to damage or wearing out. However, despite the many
`
`20
`
`clear advantages that magnetic tape provides over other media, the
`
`F03 3_WO 1 997043 761_Intertrust Page 7 of 209
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`

`W0 97/4376 1
`
`PCTIUS97/08 192
`
`entertainment industry has never regarded it as an ideal or
`
`optimum medium because of its great susceptibility to copying.
`
`Magnetic tape has the very flexible characteristic that it can
`
`be relatively easily recorded on. Indeed, the process for recording
`
`5
`
`a magnetic tape is nearly as straightforward as that required for
`
`playing back pre-recorded content. Because of the relative ease by
`
`which magnetic tape can be recorded, home consumer magnetic
`
`tape equipment manufacturers have historically provided dual
`
`mode equipment that can both record and play back magnetic
`
`10
`
`tapes. Thus, home audio and video tape players have traditionally
`
`had a “record" button that allows a consumer to record his or her
`
`own program material on a blank (un—recorded) magnetic tape.
`
`While this recording ability has given consumers additional
`
`flexibility (e. g., the ability to record a child’s first words for
`
`15
`
`posterity, and the ability to capture afternoon soap operas for
`
`evening viewing), it has unfortunately also been the foundation of
`
`an illegal multi-billion dollar content pirating industry that
`
`produces millions of illegal, counterfeit copies every year. This
`
`illegal pirating operation—which is international in scope—leeches
`
`20
`
`huge amounts of revenue every year from the world’s major
`
`6
`
`F03 3_WO 1 997043 761_Intertrust Page 8 of 209
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`DISH-Blue Spike 842
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`

`

`WO97/43761
`
`i PCT/US97/08192
`
`_
`
`entertainment content producers. The entertainment industry must
`
`pass along these losses to honest consumers—resulting in higher
`
`box office prices, and higher video and audio tape sales and rental
`
`prices.
`
`In the mid 19803, the audio entertainment industry
`
`developed the optical compact disk as an answer to some of these
`
`problems. The optical compact disk—a thin, silvery plastic platter
`
`a few inches in diameter—can hold an hour or more of music or
`
`other audio programming in digital form. Such disks were later
`
`10
`
`also used for computer data. The disk 'can be manufactured very
`
`inexpensively, and provides extremely high quality playback that
`
`is resistant to noise because of the digital techniques used to
`
`record and recover the information. Because the optical disk can
`
`be made from plastic, it is light weight, virtually unbreakable, and
`
`15
`
`highly resistant to damage from normal consumer handling (unlike
`
`the prior vinyl records that were easily scratched or worn down
`
`even by properly functioning phonographs). And, because
`
`recording on an optical disk is, so far, significantly more difficult
`
`than playing back an optical disk, home consumer equipment
`
`20
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`providing both recording and playback capabilities is unlikely, in
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`the near future, to be as cost-effective as play-only
`
`equipment—greatly reducing the potential for illicit copying.
`
`Because of these overwhelming advantages, the music industry
`
`has rapidly embraced the new digital compact disk
`
`5
`
`technology—virtually replacing older audio vinyl disk media
`
`within the space of a few short years.
`
`Indeed, the threat of widespread and easy unauthorized
`
`copying in the absence of rights management technologies
`
`apparently has been an important contributing factor to the demise
`
`10
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`of digital audio tape (DAT) as a media for music distribution and,
`
`more importantly, home audio recording. Rightsholders in
`
`recorded music vigorously opposed the widespread
`
`commercialization of inexpensive DAT technology that lacked
`
`rights management capabilities since the quality of the digital
`
`15
`
`recording was completely faithful to the digital source on, for
`
`example, music CDs. Of course, the lack of rights management
`
`was not the only factor at work, since compared with optical
`
`media, tape format made random access difficult, for example,
`
`playing songs out of sequence.
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`PCT/US97/08192
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`_
`
`The video entertainment industry is on the verge of a
`
`revolution similar to that wrought by music CDs based on movies
`
`in digital format distributed on high capacity read-only optical
`
`media. For example, digital optical disk technology has advanced
`
`5
`
`to the point where it is now possible to digitally record, among
`
`other things, a full length motion picture (plus sound) on one side
`
`of a 5" plastic optical disk. This same optical disk can
`
`accommodate multiple high-quality digital audio channels (e.g., to
`
`record multi—channel “sensurround” sound for home theaters
`
`10
`
`and/or to record film dialog in multiple different languages on the
`
`same disk). This same technology makes it possible to access
`
`each individual frame or image of a movie for still image
`
`reproduction or—even more exciting—to provide an unprecedented
`
`“random access" playback capability that has never before existed
`
`15
`
`in home consumer equipment. This “random access” playback
`
`could be used, for example, to delete violence, foul language or
`
`nudity at time of playback so that parents could select a “PG"
`
`playback version of an “R” rated film at the press of a button. The
`
`“random access” capability also has exciting possibilities in terms
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`20
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`of allowing viewers to interact with the pre-recorded content (e.g.,
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`'
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`allowing a health enthusiast to select only those portions of an
`
`exercise video helpful to a particular day’s workout). See, for
`
`example, “Applications Requirements for Innovative Video
`
`Programming," DVD Conference Proceedings (Interactive
`
`5 Multimedia Association, 19-20 October 1995, Sheraton Universal
`
`Hotel, Universal City, California).
`
`Non—limiting examples ofthe DVD family of Optical media
`
`include:
`
`0
`
`DVD (Digital Video Disk, Digital Versatile
`
`10
`
`Disk), a non—limiting example of which
`
`includes consumer appliances that play movies
`
`recorded on DVD disks;
`
`0
`
`DVD-ROM (DVD-Read Only Memory), a non-
`
`limiting example of which includes a DVD
`
`15
`
`read-only drive and disk connected to a
`
`computer or other appliance;
`
`o
`
`DVD-RAM (DVD Random Access Memory), a
`
`non-limiting example of which includes a
`
`read/write drive and optical media in, for
`
`20
`
`example, consumer appliances for home
`
`recording and in a computer or other appliance
`
`10
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`for the broadest range of specific applications;
`
`and
`
`0
`
`Any other high capacity optical media
`
`presently known or unknown.
`
`5
`
`“DVDs” are, of course, not limited to use with movies. Like
`
`CDs, they may also be used for other kinds of information, for
`
`example:
`
`10
`
`I 5
`
`0
`
`0
`
`o
`
`0
`
`o
`
`sound recordings
`
`software
`
`databases
`
`games
`
`karaoke
`
`0
`
`multimedia
`
`0
`
`o
`
`distance learning
`
`documentation
`
`0
`
`policies and manuals
`
`1 1
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`7 PCT/US97/08192
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`_
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`any kind of digital data or other information
`
`0
`
`any combination of kinds of digital data or
`
`other information
`
`0
`
`any other uses presently known or unknown.
`
`5
`
`The broad range of DVD uses presents a technical
`
`challenge: how can the information content distributed on such
`
`disks, which might be any kind or combination of video, sound, or
`
`other data or information broadly speaking, be adequately
`
`protected while preserving or even maximizing consumer
`
`10
`
`flexibility? One widely proposed requirement for the new
`
`technology(mainly within the context of video), is, to the extent
`
`copying is permitted at all, to either: (a) allow a consumer to make
`
`a first generation copy of the program content for their own use,
`
`but prevent the consumer from making “copies of copies”, or
`
`15 multi-generational copies of a given property (thus keeping honest
`
`people honest); or (b) to allow unlimited copying for those
`
`properties that rightsholders do not wish to protect against
`
`copying, or which consumers have made themselves.
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`However, providing only such simplistic and limited copy
`
`protection in a non-extensible manner may turn out to be
`
`extremely shortsighted—since more sophisticated protection
`
`and/or rights management objectives (e.g., more robust and
`
`5
`
`selective application of copy protection and other protection
`
`techniques, enablement of pay-per—view models, the ability of the
`
`consumer to make use of enhanced fianctionality such as
`
`extracting material or interactivity upon paying extra charges, and
`
`receiving credit for redistribution, to name a few) could be very
`
`10
`
`useful now or in the future. Moreover, in optimally approaching
`
`protection and rights management objectives, it is extremely
`
`useful to take differing business opportunities and threats into
`
`account that may relate to information delivered via DVD media,
`
`for example, depending upon available resources of the device
`
`15
`
`and/or whether the device is connected or unconnected.
`
`More sophisticated rights management capabilities will also
`
`allow studios and others who have rights in movies and/or sound
`
`recordings to better manage these important assets, in one
`
`example, to allow authorized parties to repurpose pieces of digital
`
`20
`
`film, video and/or audio, whether specific and/or arbitrary pieces,
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`’ PCT/US97/08192
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`to create derivative works, multimedia games, in one non-limiting
`
`example. Solutions proposed to date for protecting DVD content
`
`have generally focused solely on limited copy protection
`
`objectives and have failed to adequately address or even recognize
`
`5 more sophisticated rights management objectives and
`
`requirements. More specifically, one copy protection scheme for
`
`the initial generation of DVD appliances and media is based on an
`
`encryption method developed initially by Matsushita and the
`
`simple CGMA control codes that indicate permitted copying: a
`
`10
`
`one—generation copy, no copies, or unlimited copying.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONS
`
`Comprehensive solutions for protecting and managing
`
`information in systems that incorporate high capacity optical
`
`media such as DVD require, among other things, methods and
`
`15
`
`systems that address two broad sets of problems: (a) digital to
`
`analog conversion (and vice versa); and (b) the use of such optical
`
`media in both connected and unconnected environments. The
`
`inventions disclosed herein address these and other problems. For
`
`example, in the context of analog to digital conversion (and vice
`
`20
`
`versa), it is contemplated that, in accordance with the present
`
`14
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`' PCT/US97/08192
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`inventions, at least some of the information used to protect
`
`properties and/0r describe rights management and/or control
`
`information in digital form could also be carried along with the
`
`analog signal. Devices that convert from one format and/or
`
`5 medium to another can, for example, incorporate some or all of the
`
`control and identifying information in the new context(s), or at
`
`least not actively delete such information during the conversion
`
`process. In addition, the present inventions provide control, rights
`
`management and/or identification solutions for the digital realm
`
`10
`
`generally, and also critically important technologies that can be
`
`implemented in consumer appliances, computers, and other
`
`devices. One objective of the inventions is to provide powerful
`
`rights management techniques that are useful in both the consumer
`
`electronics and computer technology markets, and that also enable
`
`15
`
`future evolution of technical capabilities and business models.
`
`Another non-limiting objective is to provide a comprehensive
`
`control, rights management and/or identification solution that
`
`remains compatible, where possible, with existing industry
`
`standards for limited function copy protection and for encryption.
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`WO 97/43761
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`PCT/US97/08192
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`'
`
`The present inventions provide rights management and
`
`protection techniques that fully satisfy the limited copy protection
`
`objectives currently being voiced by the entertainment industry for
`
`movies while also flexibly and extensibly accommodating a wide
`
`5
`
`range of more sophisticated rights management options and
`
`capabilities.
`
`Some important aspects of the present inventions (that are
`
`more fully discussed elsewhere in this application) include:
`
`10
`
`15
`
`0
`
`Selection of control information associated
`
`with information recorded on DVD media (for
`
`example, rules and usage consequence control
`
`information, that comprise non-limiting
`
`example elements of a Virtual Distribution
`
`Environment (VDE)) that is based at least in
`
`part on class of appliance, for example, type of
`
`appliance, available resources and/or rights;
`
`0
`
`Enabling such selected control information to
`
`be, at least in part, a subset of control
`
`information used on other appliances and/or
`
`20
`
`classes of appliance, or completely different
`
`control information;
`
`16.
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`o
`
`Protecting information output from a DVD
`
`device, such as applying rights management
`
`techniques disclosed in Ginter et al. and the
`
`present application to the signals transmitted
`
`5
`
`using an IEEE 1394 port (or other serial
`
`interface) on a DVD player;
`
`0
`
`0
`
`Creation of protected digital content based on
`
`an analog source;
`
`Reflecting differing usage rights and/or content
`
`10
`
`availability in different countries and/or
`
`regions of the world;
`
`15
`
`20
`
`0
`
`Securely managing information on DVD media
`
`such that certain portions may be used on one
`
`or more classes of appliance (e.g., a standalone
`
`DVD player), while other portions may be used
`
`on the same or different classes of appliance
`
`(e.g., a standalone DVD player or a PC);
`
`0
`
`Securely storing and/or transmitting
`
`information associated with payment, auditing,
`controlling and/or otherwise managing content
`
`recorded on DVD media, including techniques
`
`related to those disclosed in Ginter et al. and in
`
`Shear et al.;
`
`17
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`PCT/US97/08192
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`0
`
`Updating and/0r replacing encryption keys
`
`used in the course>of appliance operation to
`
`modify the scope ofinformation that may be
`
`used by appliances and/or classes of
`
`5
`
`appliances;
`
`0
`
`Protecting information throughout the creation,
`
`distribution, and usage process, for example, by
`
`initially protecting information collected by a
`
`digital camera, and continuing protection and
`
`10
`
`rights management through the editing process,
`
`production, distribution, usage, and usage
`
`reporting.
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`-
`
`Allowing “virtual rights machines,” consisting
`
`of multiple devices and/or other systems that
`
`participate and work together in a permanently
`
`or in a temporarily connected network to share
`
`some or all of the rights management for a
`
`single and/or multiple nodes including, for
`
`example, allowing resources available in plural
`
`such devices and/or other systems, and/or
`
`rights associated with plural parties and/or
`
`groups using and/or controlling such devices
`
`and/or other systems, to be employed in
`
`concert (according to rights related rules and
`
`controls) so as to govern one or more electronic
`
`18
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`events on any one or more of such devices
`and/or other systems, such event governance
`
`including, for example: viewing, editing,
`
`subsetting, anthologizing, printing, copying,
`
`5
`
`titling, extracting, saving, and/or redistributing
`
`rights protected digital content.
`
`10
`
`15
`
`0
`
`Allowing for the exchange of rights among
`
`peer-to-peer relating devices and/or other
`
`systems, wherein such devices and/or other
`
`systems participate in a temporary or
`
`permanently connected network, and wherein
`
`such rights are bartered, sold for currency,
`
`and/or otherwise exchanged for value and/or
`
`consideration where such value and/or
`
`consideration is exchanged between such peer-
`
`to—peer participating commercial and/or
`
`consumer devices and/or other systems.
`
`General Purpose DVD/Cost-effective Large Capacity Digital
`Media Rights Protection and Management
`
`20
`
`The inventions described herein can be used with any large
`
`capacity storage arrangement where cost-effective distribution
`
`media is used for commercial and/or consumer digital information
`
`delivery and DVD, as used herein, should be read to include any
`
`such system.
`
`19
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`PCT/U897/08192
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`Copy protection and rights management are important in
`
`practical DVD systems and will continue to be important in other
`
`large capacity storage, playback, and recording systems, presently
`
`known or unknown, in the future. Protection i