`
`Ha 5 —3 34072
`
`{
`
`PS ]
`
`a- Fife
`
` ENKMBRE- - F-TH
`
`
`
`rp U <
`
`rr @ae
`
`Haa7 9
`
`woo1i0 . .,
`
`O;/oo101,
`
`.
`
`. 14
`
`J00004400}0010|=~
`
`508
`
`S04
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0933
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0933
`
`
`
`(17)
`
`GAPE 5—3 34072
`
`
`
`
` {26}
`
`
`HE» -
`-- Fs
`
`460
`
`o0001100
`
`601
`
`# i 0
`
`
`
`HATO
`
`mvp
`
`
`
`Ma V— oF 4 vORLA
`FALANTS
`
`SeTS4+—- CSS S
`
`HOSS, Fat yr hEete
`Ro CHEST — FN RIP
`BEATS
`
`EMRE S-F-A-A
`AROS Baits + — Dem
`znd
`
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0934
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0934
`
`
`
`(18)
`
`
`
`
`
`
`HEPES —334072
`
`
` eeeNec
`
`RROS+~AMEOUA
`ALR
`FAITAASHASA
`
` iL Bs Bee L RE
`
`BERT S
`
`HS +-2eing 6
`
`ino + 5TLE
`SS
`
`
`BISITECABS
`
`
`
`
`
`HeEOy a+ Tvbyve
`
`Ooty hes
`
`» psa S
`
`
`Hay + F~- TILe
`
`SMCe-ITS
`
`
`
`
`
`HRB TOT z
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0935
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0935
`
`
`
`(19)
`
`
`
`
`
`(B19 b]
`
`GAPE 5—3 34072
`
`920
`
`as
`
`92)
`
`BLESERRL, Bat
`-ELRTS
`
`AS OHH FHS
`
`
`
`
`
`RIC ae
`FESHBip
`
`
`A-LSaveSSe RO y
`De FoFMCANS
`
`
`
`Beau Sew et —
`FFlbp TET SB
`
`
`
`FRIF LMS ERRAT
`a
`
`
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0936
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0936
`
`
`
`(20)
`
`
`
`
`{Ei o]
`
`
`GAPE 5—3 34072
`
`ROm SEO HS
`
`WESHRMAD YT er
`
`
`
` _-1001
`
`
`Fibs De bYICP EATS
`Y
`
`F—TILAON.- Saves
`1003.
`PU HRD9 a eS
`AtA
`
`
`HCE
`HBNHSH?
`
`
`
`1007
`
`
`FTOe BHT SPS
`ZAMS S
`CHIDAF»FII0~
`9202)
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`POY hKR- YORE
`
`(72) RHA VA IL Yue ee aa
`
` YAY A SRS, SKY FOF
`Av. WENA a-, fA LOA
`bk
`15103EH8
`
`
`(72) RUA PPR Pe EP UP RY a
`
`=Y
`
`
` FRU REIL, SHY PF WOt se
`
`RP be bho DK, JOA
`Ab S685
`(7250 Yea UPR EGY
`PAY A Gwe55I34, SHYPMLAP
`FuAP—-OQ-KL HPA 4—-Ah
`32217H
`
`
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0937
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0937
`
`
`
`PCT
`
`WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ORGANIZATION
`International Bureau
`
`
`
`INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT)
`
`(51) International Patent Classification 6 :
`G11LB 20/00
`
`icati
`i
`(21) International Application Number
`ii
`Fili
`:
`(22) International
`Filing Date
`
`:
`
`15
`
`5
`
`WO 97/43761
`(11) International Publication Number:
`(43) International Publication Date:
`20 November 1997 (20.11.97)
`
`PCT/US97/08 192
`
`May
`
`May
`
`1997 (15.05.97
`(
`
`)
`
`94087 (US). WEBER, Robert, P. [US/US], 215 Waverley
`Street #4, Menio Park. CA 94025 (US).
`.
`(74) Agent: FARIS, Robert, W.; Nixon & Vanderhye P.C., 8th floor,
`1100 North Glebe Road, Arlington, VA 22201-4714 (US).
`
`(30) Priority Data:
`US
`15 May 1996 (15.05.96)
`60/017,722
`
`
`60/018,132 US|(81) Designated States: AL, AM, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BR,22 May 1996 (22.05.96)
`08/689,606
`12 August 1996 (12.08.96)
`US
`BY, CA, CH, CN, CU, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, Fl, GB, GE,
`08/689,754
`12 August 1996 (12.08.96)
`US
`HU,IL, 1S, JP, KE, KG, KP, KR, KZ, LC, LK, LR, LS,
`08/699,7 12
`12 August 1996 (12.08.96)
`US
`LT, LU, LV, MD, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, NO, NZ, PL,
`PCT/US96/ 14262
`4 September 1996 (04.09.96) WO
`PT, RO, RU, SD, SE, SG, SI, SK, TJ, TM, TR, TT, UA,
`(34) Countries for which the regional or
`UG, US, UZ, VN, ARIPO patent (GH, KE, LS, MW, SD,
`USet al.
`international application wasfiled:
`§$Z, UG), Eurasian patent (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, MD, RU,
`60/037,931
`14 February 1997 (14.02.97)
`US
`TJ, TM), European patent (AT, BE, CH, DE, DK, ES, FI,
`FR, GB, GR, IE, IT, LU, MC, NL, PT, SE), OAPI patent
`(BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD,
`TG).
`
`(71) Applicant(for all designated States except US): INTERTRUST
`TECHNOLOGIES CORP.
`[US/US]; 460 Oakmead Park-
`way, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 (US).
`
`(72) Inventors; and
`SHEAR, Victor, H.
`(75) Inventors/Applicants (for US only):
`[US/US]; 5203 Battery Lane, Bethesda, MD 20814 (US).
`SIBERT,Olin, W. [US/US]; 30 Ingleside Road, Lexington,
`MA 02173-2522 (US). VANWIE, David, M.
`[US/US];
`Apartment 216, 965 E. El Camino Real, Sunnyvale, CA
`
`Published
`Without international search report and to be republished
`upon receipt of that report.
`
`KEYS
`
`management
`rights
`A
`storage media
`for
`arrangement
`digital
`video
`such
`as
`optical
`disks (DVDs, also called digital
`versatile disks) provides adequate
`copy
`protection
`in
`a_
`limited,
`inexpensive
`mass-produceable,
`low-capability platform such as
`a dedicated home consumer disk
`player and also provides enhanced,
`more flexible security techniques
`-and methods when the same media
`are used with platforms having
`higher
`security capabilities.
`“A
`control object
`(or
`set) defines
`plural
`rights management
`rules
`for instance, price for performance
`or rules governing redistribution.
`Low capability
`platforms may
`enable only a subset of the control
`tules such as controls on copying
`or marking of played material. Higher capability platforms may enable ali (or different subsets) of the rules. Cryptographically strong
`security is provided by encrypting at least some of the information carried by the media and enabling decryption based on the control set
`and/or other limitations. A secure "software container" can be used to protectively encapsulate (e.g., by cryptographic techniques) various
`digital property content (e.g., audio, video, game, etc.) and control object (i.e., set of rules) information. A standardized container format
`is provided for general use on/with various mediums and platforms.
`In addition, a special purpose container may be provided for DVD
`medium and appliances (e.g., recorders, players, etc.)
`that contains DVD program content (digital property) and DVD medium specific
`rules. The techniques, systems and methods disclosed herein are capable of achieving compatibility with other protection standards,
`such as for example, CGMA and Matsushita data protection standards adopted for DVDs. Cooperative rights management may also be
`provided, where plural networked rights management arrangements collectively control a rights management event on one or more of such
`arrangements.
`
`(54) Title: CRYPTOGRAPHIC METHODS, APPARATUS AND SYSTEMS FOR STORAGE MEDJAELECTRONIC RIGHTS MAN-
`AGEMENT IN CLOSED AND CONNECTED APPLIANCES
`
`(57) Abstract
`
`INFORMATION CONTENT 304
`TEXT, AUDIO,
`VIDEO, SOFTWARE
`
`BUDGETS 308
`LIMITATIONS ON ACTIVITIES
`
`POSITIVE CONTROL PATH
`
`PEAMISSIONS RECORD 306
`HTS:
`“DISTRIBUTION
`weTHO0REQUIREMENTS
`METHOD OPTIONS
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0938
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0938
`
`
`
`
`
`FOR THE PURPOSES OF INFORMATION ONLY
`
`
`
`Codes used to identify States party to the PCT on the front pages of pamphlets publishing international applications under the PCT.
`Albania
`ES
`LS
`Lesotho
`SI
`Slovenia
`Armenia
`FI
`LT
`Lithuania
`SK
`Slovakia
`Austria
`FR
`SN
`Lu
`Luxembourg
`Senegal
`Australia
`LY
`GA
`Latvia
`SZ
`Swaziland
`MC
`Monaco
`TD
`GB
`Chad
`Azerbaijan
`MD
`GE
`TG
`Republic of Moldova
`Bosnia and Herzegovina
`Togo
`Barbados
`GH
`MG
`TS
`Madagascar
`Tajikistan
`MK
`GN
`Turkmenistan
`Belgium
`The former Yugoslav
`Burkina Faso
`GR
`Turkey
`Republic of Macedonia
`HU
`Mali
`Bulgaria
`Trinidad and Tobago
`Benin
`IE
`Ukraine
`Mongolia
`Brazil
`IL
`Mauritania
`Uganda
`Belarus
`Is
`Malawi
`United States of America
`Canada
`IT
`Mexico
`Uzbekistan
`Viet Nam
`JP
`Central African Republic
`Niger
`KE
`Netherlands
`Congo
`Yugoslavia
`Switzerland
`KG
`Zimbabwe
`Norway
`Céte d’Tvoire
`KP
`New Zealand
`Cameroon
`Poland
`China
`Portugal
`Cuba
`Romania
`Russian Federation
`Czech Republic
`Sudan
`Germany
`Denmark
`Sweden
`Estonia
`Singapore
`
`Spain
`Finland
`France
`Gabon
`United Kingdom
`Georgia
`Ghana
`Guinea
`Greece
`Hungary
`Ireland
`Israel
`Iceland
`Italy
`Japan
`Kenya
`Kyrgyzstan
`Democratic People’s
`Republic of Korea
`Republic of Korea
`Kazakstan
`Saint Lucia
`Liechtenstein
`Sri Lanka
`Liberia
`
`KR
`KZ
`Lc
`Li
`LK
`LR
`
`™T
`
`R
`TT
`UA
`UG
`us
`UZ
`VN
`YU
`Zw
`
`ML
`MN
`MR
`MW
`MX
`NE
`NL
`NO
`NZ
`PL
`PT
`RO
`RU
`SD
`SE
`SG
`
`F033_W0O1997043761_Intertrust Page 2 of 209
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0939
`
` AL
`
`AM
`AT
`AU
`AZ
`BA
`"BB
`BE
`BF
`BG
`BJ
`BR
`BY
`CA
`CF
`cG
`CH
`cl
`cM
`CN
`cu
`cz
`DE
`DK
`EE
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0939
`
`
`
`WO 97/43761
`
`~ PCT/US97/08192-
`
`CRYPTOGRAPHIC METHODS, APPARATUS
`AND SYSTEMS FOR STORAGE MEDIA
`ELECTRONIC RIGHTS MANAGEMENTIN
`CLOSED AND CONNECTED APPLIANCES
`
`Cross-Reference to Related Applications and Patents
`
`The specifications and drawings of the followingprior,
`
`commonly assigned published patent specifications are
`
`incorporated by reference into this patent specification:
`
`PCT Publication No. WO 96/27155 dated 6 September 1996
`
`entitled “Systems And Methods For Secure Transaction
`
`Management AndElectronic Rights Protection”, which is based
`
`on PCT application no. PCT/US96/02303 filed 13 February 1996
`
`and U.S. patent application serial no. 08/388,107 of Ginteretal.
`
`entitled filed on February 13, 1995 (hereinafter “Ginteret al’’);
`
`15
`
`U.S. Patent No 4,827,508 entitled “Database Usage
`
`Metering and Protection System and Method” dated May2, 1989;
`
`USS. Patent No. 4,977,594 entitled ‘Database Usage
`
`Metering and Protection System and Method”dated December| 1,
`
`1990;
`
`F033_W0O1997043761_Intertrust Page 3 of 209
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0940
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0940
`
`
`
`WO 97/43761
`
`PCT/US97/08192
`
`U.S. Patent No. 5,050,213 entitled “Database Usage
`
`Metering and Protection System and Method” dated September
`
`17, 1991; and
`
`U.S. Patent No. 5,410,598 entitled “Database Usage
`
`5 Metering and Protection System and Method” dated April 25,
`
`1995; and
`
`European Patent No.EP 32968! entitled “Database Usage
`
`Metering and Protection System and Method” dated January 17,
`
`1996.
`
`10
`
`In addition, the specifications and drawings of the following
`
`commonly-assigned prior-filed patent specifications are
`
`incorporated by reference into this patent application:
`
`PCT Application No. PCT/US96/14262 filed 4 September
`
`1996 entitled “Trusted Infrastructure Support Systems, Methods
`15. And Techniques For Secure Electronic Commerce,Electronic
`
`Transactions, Commerce Process Control And Automation,
`
`Distributed Computing, And Rights Management,” which
`
`corresponds to U.S. patent application serial no. 08/699,712 filed
`
`on August 12, 1996 (hereinafter “Shear et al.”’);
`
`2
`
`F033_W0O1997043761_Intertrust Page 4 of 209
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0941
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0941
`
`
`
`WO 97/43761
`
`~ PCT/US97/08192
`
`PCT Application No.
`
`filed
`
`, 1997
`
`entitled “Steganographic Techniques For Securely Delivering
`
`Electronic Digital Rights ManagementControl Information Over
`
`Insecure Communications Channels,” which corresponds to U.S.
`
`5
`
`patent application serial no. 08/689,606 of Van Wie and Weber
`
`filed on August 12, 1996 (hereinafter “Van Wie and Weber”); and
`
`PCT Application No.
`
`filed
`
`,
`
`1997 based on U.S. Patent Application serial no.08/689,754
`
`entitled “Systems and Methods Using Cryptography To Protect
`
`10.
`
`Secure Computing Environments,” of Sibert and Van Wie filed on
`
`August 12, 1996 (hereinafter “Sibert and Van Wie”).
`
`FIELD OF THE INVENTION
`
`This invention relates to information protection techniques
`
`using cryptography, and moreparticularly to techniques using
`
`15
`
`cryptography for managingrights to information stored on
`
`portable media -- one example being optical media such as Digital
`
`Video Disks (also known as "Digital Versatile Disks” and/or
`
`"DVDs"). This invention also relates to information protection
`
`and rights management techniques having selectable applicability
`
`20
`
`depending upon, for example, the resources of the device being
`3
`
`F033_W0O1997043761_Intertrust Page 5 of 209
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0942
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0942
`
`
`
`WO 97/43761
`
`~ PCT/US97/08192
`
`used by the consumer(e.g., personal computer or standalone
`player), other attributes ofthe device (such as whetherthe device
`
`can be and/or typically is connected to an information network
`
`(“connected” versus “unconnected”)), and available rights. This
`
`5
`
`invention furtherrelates, in part, to cooperative rights management
`
`-- where plural networked rights management arrangements
`
`collectively control a rights management event on one or more of
`
`such arrangements. Further, important aspects of this invention
`
`can be employedin rights managementfor electronic information
`
`10. made available through broadcast and/or network downloads
`
`and/or use of non-portable storage media, either independentof, or
`
`in combination with portable media.
`
`BACKGROUNDOF THE INVENTION
`
`The entertainment industry has been transformed by the
`
`IS
`
`pervasiveness of home consumerelectronic devices that can play
`
`video and/or audio from pre-recorded media. This transformation
`began in the early 1900s with the invention of the
`
`phonograph—which for the first time allowed a consumerto listen
`
`to his or her favorite band, orchestra or singer in his or her home
`
`20 whenever he or she wishes. The availability of inexpensive video
`
`F033_W0O1997043761_Intertrust Page 6 of 209
`
`4
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0943
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0943
`
`
`
`WO 97/43761
`
`* PCT/US97/08192
`
`cassette recorders/players beginningin the early 1980s brought
`
`about a profoundrevolution in the movie and broadcast industries,
`
`creating an entirely new home consumer market for films,
`
`documentaries, music videos, exercise videos,etc.
`
`5
`
`The entertainmentindustry has long searched for optimal
`
`media for distributing content to home consumers. The original
`
`phonographcylinders distributed by Thomas Edison and other
`
`phonographpioneers had the advantagethat they weredifficult to
`
`copy, but suffered from various disadvantages such as high
`
`10 manufacturing costs, low resistance to breakage, very limited
`
`playback time,relatively low playback quality, and susceptibility
`
`to damage from wear,scratching or melting. Later-developed wax
`
`and vinyl disks could hold more music material but suffered from
`
`many of the same disadvantages. Magnetic tapes, on the other
`
`15.
`
`hand, could be manufactured very inexpensively and could hold a
`
`large amountof program material (e.g., 2, 4 or even 6 hours of
`video and/or audio). Such magnetic tapes could reproduce
`program materialat relatively high quality, and were not as
`
`susceptible to damage or wearing out. However, despite the many
`clear advantages that magnetic tape provides over other media, the
`
`20
`
`F033_W0O1997043761_Intertrust Page 7 of 209
`
`5
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0944
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0944
`
`
`
`WO 97/43761
`
`PCT/US97/08192
`
`entertainment industry has never regardedit as an ideal or
`
`optimum medium because ofits great susceptibility to copying.
`
`Magnetic tape has the very flexible characteristic that it can
`
`be relatively easily recorded on. Indeed, the process for recording
`
`5
`
`amagnetic tape is nearly as straightforward as that required for
`
`playing back pre-recorded content. Because ofthe relative ease by
`
`which magnetic tape can be recorded, home consumer magnetic
`
`tape equipment manufacturers have historically provided dual
`
`mode equipmentthat can both record and play back magnetic
`
`10
`
`tapes. Thus, home audio andvideo tape players havetraditionally
`
`had a “record” button that allows a consumerto record his or her
`
`own program material on a blank (un-recorded) magnetic tape.
`
`While this recording ability has given consumersadditional
`
`flexibility (e.g., the ability to record a child’s first words for
`
`15__posterity, and the ability to capture afternoon soap operasfor
`
`evening viewing), it has unfortunately also been the foundation of
`
`an illegal multi-billion dollar content pirating industry that
`
`produces millions ofillegal, counterfeit copies every year. This
`
`illegal pirating operation—whichis international in scope—leeches
`
`20
`
`huge amounts of revenue every year from the world’s major
`
`F033_W0O1997043761_Intertrust Page 8 of 209
`
`6
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0945
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0945
`
`
`
`WO 97/43761
`
`~ PCT/US97/08192
`
`entertainment content producers. The entertainment industry must
`pass along these losses to honest consumers—resulting in higher
`boxoffice prices, and higher video and audio tape sales andrental
`
`prices.
`
`5
`
`In the mid 1980s, the audio entertainment industry
`developed the optical compact disk as an answerto some of these
`problems. Theoptical compact disk—athin, silvery plastic platter
`a few inches in diameter—can hold an hour or more of music or
`
`other audio programmingin digital form. Such disks were later
`also used for computer data. The disk can be manufactured very
`inexpensively, and provides extremely high quality playback that
`is resistant to noise because ofthe digital techniques used to
`record and recoverthe information. Because the optical disk can
`be madefrom plastic,it is light weight, virtually unbreakable, and
`highly resistant to damage from normal consumer handling (unlike
`the prior vinyl records that were easily scratched or worn down
`even by properly functioning phonographs). And, because
`recording on an opticaldisk is, so far, significantly moredifficult
`than playing back an optical disk, home consumer equipment
`providing both recording and playback capabilities is unlikely, in
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`F033_WO1997043761 Intertrust Page 9 of 209
`
`7
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0946
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0946
`
`
`
`WO 97/43761
`
`PCT/US97/08192
`
`the near future, to be as cost-effective as play-only
`
`equipment—greatly reducing the potential forillicit copying.
`
`Because of these overwhelming advantages, the music industry
`
`has rapidly embraced the new digital compact disk
`
`technology—virtually replacing older audio viny! disk media
`
`within the space of a few short years.
`
`Indeed, the threat of widespread and easy unauthorized
`
`copying in the absenceof rights managementtechnologies
`
`apparently has been an important contributing factor to the demise
`
`10
`
`of digital audio tape (DAT)as a media for musicdistribution and,
`
`more importantly, home audio recording. Rightsholders in
`
`recorded music vigorously opposed the widespread
`
`commercialization of inexpensive DAT technologythat lacked
`
`rights managementcapabilities since the quality of the digital
`
`15
`
`recording was completely faithful to the digital source on, for
`
`example, music CDs. Ofcourse, the lack of rights management
`was notthe only factor at work, since compared with optical
`
`media, tape format made random accessdifficult, for example,
`
`playing songs out of sequence.
`
`F033_W0O1997043761_Intertrust Page 10 of 209
`
`8
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0947
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0947
`
`
`
`WO 97/43761
`
`PCT/US97/08192
`
`The video entertainment industry is on the verge of a
`revolution similar to that wrought by music CDs based on movies
`in digital format distributed on high capacity read-only optical
`media. For example, digital optical disk technology has advanced
`to the point whereit is now possibleto digitally record, among
`other things, a full length motion picture (plus sound) on oneside
`of a 5" plastic optical disk. This same optical disk can
`
`accommodate multiple high-quality digital audio channels (e.g., to
`record multi-channel “sensurround” sound for hometheaters
`and/or to record film dialog in multiple different languageson the
`same disk). This same technology makesit possible to access
`each individual frame or image of a movieforstill image
`reproduction or—even more exciting—to provide an unprecedented
`“random access" playback capability that has never before existed
`in home consumer equipment. This “random access” playback
`could be used, for example, to delete violence, foul languageor
`nudity at time ofplaybackso that parents could select a “PG”
`playback version ofan “R”rated film at the press of a button. The
`“random access” capability also has exciting possibilities in terms
`ofallowing viewersto interact with the pre-recorded content (e.g.,
`
`5
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`F033_W0O1997043761_Intertrust Page 11 of 209
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0948
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0948
`
`
`
`WO 97/43761
`
`PCT/US97/08192
`
`allowing a health enthusiast to select only those portions of an
`
`exercise video helpful to a particular day's workout). See, for
`
`example, “Applications Requirements for Innovative Video
`
`Programming,” DVD Conference Proceedings (Interactive
`
`5 Multimedia Association, 19-20 October 1995, Sheraton Universal
`
`Hotel, Universal City, California).
`
`Non-limiting examples of the DVD family of optical media
`
`include:
`
`10
`
`15
`
`DVD(Digital Video Disk, Digital Versatile
`
`Disk), a non-limiting example of which
`includes consumerappliances that play movies
`
`recorded on DVD disks;
`
`DVD-ROM (DVD-Read Only Memory), a non-
`
`limiting example of which includes a DVD
`
`read-only drive and disk connected to a
`
`computer or other appliance;
`
`DVD-RAM (DVD Random Access Memory), a
`
`non-limiting example of which includes a
`
`read/write drive and optical media in, for
`
`20
`
`example, consumer appliances for home
`
`recording and in a computer or other appliance
`
`F033_W0O1997043761_Intertrust Page 12 of 209
`
`10
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0949
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0949
`
`
`
`WO 97/43761
`
`PCT/US97/08192
`
`for the broadest rangeof specific applications;
`and
`
`°
`
`Anyother high capacity optical media
`
`presently known or unknown.
`
`5
`
`“DVDs”are, of course, not limited to use with movies. Like
`
`CDs, they mayalso be used for other kinds of information, for
`
`example:
`
`10
`
`15
`
`°
`
`e
`
`e
`
`e
`
`e
`
`e
`
`°
`
`e
`
`°
`
`sound recordings
`
`software
`
`databases
`
`games
`
`karaoke
`
`multimedia
`
`distance learning
`
`documentation
`
`policies and manuals
`
`11
`
`F033_W0O1997043761_Intertrust Page 13 of 209
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0950
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0950
`
`
`
`WO 97/43761
`
`~ PCT/US97/08192
`
`°
`
`°
`
`any kind ofdigital data or other information
`
`any combination of kinds of digital data or
`other information
`
`5
`
`10
`
`15
`
`°
`
`any other uses presently known or unknown.
`
`The broad range of DVD uses presents a technical
`challenge: how canthe information content distributed on such
`disks, which might be any kind or combination ofvideo, sound,or
`other data or information broadly speaking, be adequately
`protected while preserving or even maximizing consumer
`flexibility? One widely proposed requirement for the new
`
`technology(mainly within the context of video),is, to the extent
`copying is permittedat all, to either: (a) allow a consumer to make
`a first generation copyofthe program contentfor their own use,
`but prevent the consumerfrom making “copies of copies”, or
`multi-generational copies ofa given property (thus keeping honest
`people honest); or (b) to allow unlimited copying for those
`properties that rightsholders do not wish to protect against
`copying, or which consumers have made themselves.
`
`F033_W0O1997043761_Intertrust Page 14 of 209
`
`12
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0951
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0951
`
`
`
`WO 97/43761
`
`PCT/US97/08192
`
`However, providing only such simplistic and limited copy
`
`protection in a non-extensible manner mayturn out to be
`
`extremely shortsighted—since more sophisticated protection
`
`and/or rights managementobjectives (e.g., more robust and
`
`5
`
`selective application of copy protection and other protection
`
`techniques, enablement of pay-per-view models, the ability of the
`
`consumer to make use of enhanced functionality such as
`
`extracting material or interactivity upon paying extra charges, and
`
`receiving credit for redistribution, to name a few) could be very
`
`10
`
`useful now orin the future. Moreover, in optimally approaching
`
`protection and rights managementobjectives, it is extremely
`
`useful to take differing business opportunities and threats into
`
`account that mayrelate to information delivered via DVD media,
`
`for example, depending uponavailable resources of the device
`
`15.
`
`and/or whether the device is connected or unconnected.
`
`Moresophisticated rights management capabilities will also
`
`allow studios and others who have rights in movies and/or sound
`
`recordings to better manage these importantassets, in one
`
`example, to allow authorized parties to repurpose piecesofdigital
`
`20
`
`film, video and/or audio, whether specific and/or arbitrary pieces,
`
`F033_W0O1997043761_Intertrust Page 15 of 209
`
`13
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0952
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0952
`
`
`
`WO 97/43761
`
`~ PCT/US97/08192
`
`to create derivative works, multimedia games, in one non-limiting
`
`example. Solutions proposed to date for protecting DVD content
`
`have generally focused solely on limited copy protection
`
`objectives and have failed to adequately address or even recognize
`
`5 more sophisticated rights managementobjectives and
`
`requirements. More specifically, one copy protection scheme for
`
`the initial generation of DVD appliances and media is based on an
`
`encryption method developed initially by Matsushita and the
`
`simple CGMA control codes that indicate permitted copying: a
`
`10
`
`one-generation copy, no copies, or unlimited copying.
`
`SUMMARYOF THE INVENTIONS
`
`Comprehensivesolutions for protecting and managing
`
`information in systems that incorporate high capacity optical
`
`media such as DVD require, amongother things, methods and
`
`15
`
`systems that address two broadsets of problems: (a) digital to
`
`analog conversion (and vice versa); and (b) the use of such optical
`media inboth connected and unconnected environments. The
`
`inventions disclosed herein address these and other problems. For
`
`example, in the context of analog to digital conversion (and vice
`
`20
`
`versa), it is contemplatedthat, in accordance with the present
`
`14
`
`F033_W0O1997043761_Intertrust Page 16 of 209
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0953
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0953
`
`
`
`WO 97/43761
`
`" PCT/US97/08192
`
`inventions, at least some of the information used to protect
`
`properties and/or describe rights managementand/or control
`
`information in digital form could also be carried along with the
`
`analog signal. Devices that convert from one format and/or
`
`5 medium to anothercan, for example, incorporate someorall of the
`
`control and identifying information in the new context(s), or at
`
`least not actively delete such information during the conversion
`
`process. In addition, the present inventions provide control, rights
`
`managementand/oridentification solutions for the digital realm
`
`10
`
`generally, and also critically important technologies that can be
`
`implemented in consumer appliances, computers, and other
`
`devices. One objective of the inventions is to provide powerful
`
`rights management techniquesthat are useful in both the consumer
`
`electronics and computer technology markets, and that also enable
`
`15
`
`future evolution of technical capabilities and business models.
`
`Another non-limiting objective is to provide a comprehensive
`
`control, rights managementand/or identification solution that
`
`remains compatible, where possible, with existing industry
`
`standardsfor limited function copy protection and for encryption.
`
`F033_W0O1997043761_Intertrust Page 17 of 209
`
`15
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0954
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0954
`
`
`
`WO 97/43761
`
`PCT/US97/08192
`
`The present inventions provide rights management and
`
`protection techniques that fully satisfy the limited copy protection
`
`objectives currently being voiced by the entertainment industry for
`
`movies while also flexibly and extensibly accommodating a wide
`
`>
`
`range of more sophisticatedrights management options and
`
`capabilities.
`
`Some importantaspects of the present inventions (that are
`
`more fully discussed elsewherein this application) include:
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`Selection of control information associated
`with information recorded on DVD media (for
`example, rules and usage consequence contro]
`information, that comprise non-limiting
`example elements of a Virtual Distribution
`
`Environment (VDE))that is based atleast in
`
`part on class of appliance, for example, type of
`appliance, available resources and/or rights;
`
`Enabling such selected control information to
`
`be, at least in part, a subset of control
`information used on other appliances and/or
`classes of appliance, or completely different
`control information;
`
`F033_W0O1997043761_Intertrust Page 18 of 209
`
`16.
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0955
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0955
`
`
`
`WO 97/43761
`
`PCT/US97/08192,
`
`5
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`e
`
`e
`
`°
`
`Protecting information output from a DVD
`device, such as applying rights management
`techniques disclosed in Ginteret al. and the
`
`present application to the signals transmitted
`using an IEEE 1394 port (or otherserial
`interface) on a DVD player;
`
`Creation of protected digital content based on
`
`an analog source;
`
`Reflecting differing usage rights and/or content
`availability in different countries and/or
`
`regions of the world;
`
`e
`
`Securely managing information on DVD media
`
`suchthat certain portions may be used on one
`or more classes of appliance (e.g., a standalone
`DVD player), while other portions may be used
`on the sameordifferent classes of appliance
`(e.g., a Standalone DVD playeror a PC);
`
`e
`
`Securely storing and/or transmitting
`information associated with payment, auditing,
`controlling and/or otherwise managing content
`recorded on DVD media,including techniques
`related to those disclosed in Ginteret al. and in
`
`Shearetal.;
`
`17
`
`F033_W0O1997043761_Intertrust Page 19 of 209
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0956
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0956
`
`
`
`WO 97/43761
`
`PCT/US97/08192
`
`Updating and/or replacing encryption keys
`used in the courseof appliance operation to
`modify the scope of information that may be
`
`used by appliances and/or classes of
`
`appliances;
`
`Protecting information throughoutthe creation,
`distribution, and usage process, for example, by
`initially protecting information collected by a
`
`digital camera, and continuing protection and
`rights managementthroughthe editing process,
`production,distribution, usage, and usage
`
`reporting.
`
`Allowing “virtual rights machines,” consisting
`of multiple devices and/or other systemsthat
`
`participate and work together in a permanently
`
`or in a temporarily connected network to share
`
`someorall of the rights managementfor a
`
`single and/or multiple nodes including, for
`
`example, allowing resources available in plural
`
`such devices and/or other systems, and/or
`
`rights associated with plural parties and/or
`
`groupsusing and/orcontrolling such devices
`
`and/or other systems, to be employed in
`
`concert (accordingto rights related rules and
`
`controls) so as to govern one or moreelectronic
`
`18
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`F033_W0O1997043761_Intertrust Page 20 of 209
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0957
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0957
`
`
`
`WO 97/43761
`
`PCT/US97/08192
`
`events on any one or more of such devices
`and/or other systems, such event governance
`including, for example: viewing, editing,
`
`subsetting, anthologizing, printing, copying,
`titling, extracting, saving, and/orredistributing
`rights protected digital content.
`
`e
`
`Allowing for the exchange ofrights among
`peer-to-peer relating devices and/or other
`
`systems, wherein such devices and/or other
`systems participate in a temporary or
`permanently connected network, and wherein
`
`suchrights are bartered, sold for currency,
`and/or otherwise exchanged for value and/or
`
`consideration where such value and/or
`consideration is exchanged between suchpeer-
`to-peer participating commercial and/or
`
`consumerdevices and/or other systems.
`
`5
`
`10
`
`15
`
`General Purpose DVD/Cost-effective Large Capacity Digital
`Media Rights Protection and Management
`
`20
`
`The inventions described herein can be used with any large
`capacitystorage arrangement wherecost-effective distribution
`
`media is used for commercial and/or consumer digital information
`
`delivery and DVD,as used herein, should be read to include any
`
`such system.
`
`19
`
`F033_W0O1997043761_Intertrust Page 21 of 209
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0958
`
`DISH-Blue Spike 842
`Exhibit 1005, Page 0958
`
`
`
`WO 97/43761
`
`PCT/US97/08192
`
`Copyprotection and rights managementare important in
`practical DVD systems and will continue to be importantin other
`
`large capacity storage, playback, and recording systems,presently
`
`knownor unknown,in the future. Protection is needed for some
`
`or all of the information delivered (or written) on most DVD
`
`media. Such protection against copyingis only one aspect of
`
`rights management. Other aspects involve allowing rightsholders
`
`and others to manage their commercialinterests (and to have them
`
`enforced, potentially at a distarice in time and/or space) regardless
`
`of distribution media and/or channels, and the particular nature of
`
`the receiving appliance and/or device. Such rights management
`
`solutions that incorporate DVD will become even more significant
`
`as future generations of recordable DVD media and appliances
`
`come to market. Rightsholders will want to maintain and assert
`
`15
`
`their rights as,