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`‘5 Raves for Alan Freedman’s
`The Computer Glossary:
`.
`. the best dictionary
`of computing terminology.
`Should be in all libraries
`and deskt0ps where
`computers are in regular use."
`
`—The New York Public Library
`
`
`
`
`Author of the Leading Dictionary
`of Computer Terms:
`THE COMPUTER GLOSSARY ”There is no better computer
`reference anywhere.”
`
`— Government Technology
`
`|PR2018—00564
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`

`

`ALAN FREEDMAN
`
`The
`
`Computer
`.
`Desktop
`Encyclopedia
`
`amacom
`
`American Management Association
`New York ' Atlanta ‘ Boston - Chicago - Kansas City - San Francisco - Washington, DC.
`Brussels - Mexico City - Tokyo ° Toronto
`
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`

`This book is available at a special discount when ordered in bulk
`quantities. For information, contact Special Sales Department,
`AMACOM, a division of American Management Association,
`1601 Broadway, New York, NY 10019.
`
`This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative
`information in regard to the subject matter covered.
`It is sold with the
`understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal.
`accounting, or other professional service.
`If legal advice or other
`expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional
`person should be sought.
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`Freedman, Alan
`Computer desktop encyclopedia I Alan Freedman.
`p.
`cm.
`ISBN 0—8144w0012-4 (pbk. and CID-ROM). ; ISBN 0-8144—0010-8 (pbk.)
`1. Computers—Dictionaries.
`I. Title.
`QA76.15.F752
`1996
`004'.034dc20
`
`96-724CIP
`
`© 1996 The Computer language Company Inc., Point Pleasant, PA 18950.
`All rights reServed.
`Printed in the United States of America.
`
`The publication may not be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,
`or transmitted in whole or in part, in any form or by an means, electronic,
`mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written
`permission of AMACOM, a division of American Management Association,
`1601 Broadway, New York, NY 10019.
`
`Printing number
`
`1098765432
`
`iv
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`

`
`
`EDSAC
`(Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator) Developed by Maurice Wilkes at
`Cambridge University in England and completed in 1949, it was one of the first
`stored program computers and one of the first to use binary digits.
`Its memory was
`512 36-bit words ofliquid mercury delay lines, and its input and output were
`provided by paper tape. The EDSAC could do about 700 additions per second and
`200 multiplications per second.
`It was in routine use at the University until 1958.
`
`edu
`An Internet address domain name for an educational organization. See Internet
`address.
`
`education
`Teaching concepts and perspectives. Computer education includes computer systems
`and information systems. Contrast with training.
`
`edutainment
`Educational material that is also entertaining.
`
`EEPROM
`(Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) A memory chip that
`holds its content without power.
`It can be erased, either within the computer or
`externally and usually requires more voltage for erasure than the common +5 volts
`used in logic circuits.
`It functions like non—volatile RAM, but writing to EEPROM
`is slower than writing to RAM.
`EEPROMs are used in devices that must keep data up-to—date without power. For
`example. a price list could be maintained in EEPROM chips in a point of sale
`terminal that is turned off at night. When prices change, the EEPROMS can be
`updated from a central computer during the day. EEPROMs have a lifespan of
`between 10K and 100K write cycles. See flash memory.
`8853
`See EISA and BSA/370.
`
`EFF
`(Electronic Frontier Foundation) An organization founded in 1990 by Mitchell
`Kapot and John Perry Barlow dedicated to raising public awareness of the
`opportunities and challenges posed by computing and telecommunications. Address:
`155 Second St., Cambridge, MA 02141, 617/864-0665.
`
`e-forms
`(Electronic-FORMS) See firms safi'ware.
`
`EFT
`(Electronic Funds Transfer) The transfer of money from one account to another by
`computer.
`
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`EGA
`(Enhanced Graphics Adapter) An IBM video display standard that provides
`medium—resolution text and graphics.
`It supports previous display modes and
`requires a digital RGB Enhanced Color Display or equivalent monitor. EGA was
`superseded by VGA. See PC display modes.
`
`EGP
`(Exterior Gateway Protocol) A protocol that broadcasts TCP/IP addresses to the
`gateway in another network.
`
`
`
`
`
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`COMPUTERS
`
`
`
`Everyone who loved the “Rolls Royce of computer dictionaries"— which is what one reviewer
`called The Computer Glossary — will welcome Alan Freedman's magnum opus on computers and
`computing, The Computer Desktop Encyclopedia.
`
`Highly readable, this comprehensive encyclopedia features over l,000 pages of clear, concise
`definitions and explanations of everything you need to know about computers, including:
`
`0 Acronyms and buzzwords
`- The inner and outer workings of the PC
`- Industry history and data on the movers and shakers
`- Standards and compatibility
`- Networking and communications
`- Workstations, parallel processing, and UNIX
`- Multimedia and optical storage
`' The Internet and World Wide Web
`
`- What’s hot, what’s not
`
`Packed with more than 800 illustrations, photos, and charts, The Computer Desktop Encyclopedia
`is perfect for anyone who needs to field questions from nontechnical people or simply wants a
`deeper understanding of all things computer.
`
`Unrivaled in depth and content and immensely easy to use, The Encyclopedia is also available on
`CD-ROM, with or without paperback.
`
`
`
`Alan Freedman is president of The Computer Language
`Company, an organization devoted to computer education and
`training for business and nontechnical peeple. Mr. Freedman
`has more than 35 years of experience in the field, and is inter-
`nationally known for making abstract computer concepts
`is
`
`3! understandable for nontechnical people.
`g'
`,
`"'
`PHOTO: ETTI PALITZ
`
`Newbridge Exec-alive Program Book Club Aliernate Seiecfl'on
`Newbridgz PC Users Club Alternate Selection
`
`_
`_
`_
`I S B N D El 1. Ll Ll D U 1| n a
`
`ood New York, NY 10019
`
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`LHEdchPUTER DESKTOP ENCYi
`11576 .
`
`mom
`American Management Association
`1601 Broadway
`
`Cover Design: R Adelson
`
`
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