Unlted States Patent
`
`[19]
`
`DeMuro
`
`USOOSSO6490A
`
`5,506,490
`[11] Patent Number:
`
`[45] Date of Patent:
`Apr. 9, 1996
`
`[54] METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR
`DETERMINING EXTERNAL POWER
`SUPPLY TYPE
`
`Assistant Examiner—Patrick Law
`Attorney, Agent, or Firm-John J. King
`[57]
`ABSTRACT
`
`[75]
`
`Inventor: David M. DeMuro, Cary, 11].
`_
`[73] Assrgnee: M0t01‘013s 1110-, Schaumburg, 111-
`‘
`[21] Appl. No.: 149,686
`,
`Nov. 9’ 1993
`Flled:
`[22]
`Int. Cl.6 .................................................... H01M 10/46
`[51]
`
`[52] US. Cl.
`.....
`320,23; 320/39; 320/56;
`363/143
`[58] Field of Search ........................... 320/2 15 22
`320/23 24 39110 56' 363/142’143,
`’
`’
`’
`’
`’
`’
`References Cited
`
`[56]
`
`US. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`320,2
`11/1980 Lambkin
`4 232 260
`11/1992 5an .......:::Z """""""""""""""""""320/15
`5,162,721
`5,164,652 11/1992 Johnson et a1.
`IL. 320/2
`5,237,257
`23/1993 Johnson et a1.
`..... 320/2
`5,369,352
`11/1994 Toepfer et a1.
`........................... 320/56
`
`
`
`In summary, the present invention provides a method and
`apparatus for determining an external power supply type and
`modifying the charging of the internal battery (14) based
`upon the external power supply type and battery informa—
`tion. The device has an external power adapter (12) used to
`provide power to the device (10), as well as charging current
`for the battery which is regulated by the internal battery
`charger. A microcontroller (20) in the device (10) regulates
`the charging current to the battery (14). The microcontroller
`(20) preferably contains an A/D converter (21) which is
`““1160th ‘0 a P1111“? “his” (32) internal to the device,
`and to a pull-down resistor (34) in the external power
`adapter (12). The voltage generated by the resistor divider
`network including the pull-up resistor (32) and the pull-
`down resistor (34) in the external power adapter is used to
`identify the external power adapter type. By changing the
`value of the pull-down resistor (34) in the external power
`SUPP” widenfifythe ex‘emal Powers‘lpplyvthe microc‘m‘
`“011“ (20) in the apparatus may determine the Optimum
`charging profile to use for the battery based upon the charger
`type and other information relating to the battery.
`
`Primary Examiner—Peter S. Wong
`
`20 Claims, 4 Drawing Sheets
`
`+v
`
`f 28
`VOLTAGE
`SENSE
`
`10
`
`2”
`
`IE
`
`TRANSMITTER
`
`w
`
`RECEIVER
`
`24
`
`
`
`IIIIIIIIII
`IIIII
`BATTERY
`
`CHARGER
`
`
`52
`RP
`
`9
`EXTERNAL
`Amiga
`34
`Rc
`
`THERMISTDR
`SENSE
`
`13
`no OR 220 VAc TN
`OR 12 V06 IN
`
`’4
`
`BATIERY pACK
`(INTERNAL 0R EXTERNAL)
`
`ZTE/SAMSUNG 1013-0001
`
`|PR2018—00274
`
`ZTE/SAMSUNG 1013-0001
`IPR2018-00274
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Apr. 9, 1996
`
`Sheet 1 of 4
`
`5,506,490
`
`9
`
`zu-~2m2<mb
`
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`
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`
`ZTE/SAMSUNG 1013-0002
`
`|PR2018—00274
`
`ZTE/SAMSUNG 1013-0002
`IPR2018-00274
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Apr. 9, 1996
`
`Sheet 2 of 4
`
`5,506,490
`
`50
`
`IS
`EXTERNAL POWER
`
`
`52
`
`
`ADAPTER9PRESENT
`
`
`
`
`
`
`54
`
`56
`
`58
`
`DETERMINE EXTERNAL
`POWER ADAPTER TYPE
`
`DETERMINE
`BATTERY TYPE
`
`POWER DEVICE
`VIA BATTERY
`
`53
`
`
`
`
`POWER DEVICE AND/0R
`
`CHARGE BATTERY BASED
`UPON CHARGER TYPE
`AND BATTERY TYPE
`
`
`
`FIG-2
`
`ZTE/SAMSUNG 1013-0003
`
`|PR2018—00274
`
`ZTE/SAMSUNG 1013-0003
`IPR2018-00274
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Apr. 9, 1996
`
`Sheet 3 of 4
`
`5,506,490
`
`60
`START
`
`
`
`PROVIDE A VOLTAGE
`DIVIDER NETWORK
`
`62
`
`64
`
`GENERATE AN ANALOG
`VOLTAGE BASED UPON
`THE VOLTAGE DIVISION
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`66
`
`
`PROVIDE AN ANALOG
`TO DIGITAL CONVERSION
`
`BASED UPON THE
`ANALOG VOLTAGE
`
`
`
`
`
`68
`
`
`COMPARE DIGITAL
`REPRESENTATION T0
`
`.VALUES IN
`LOOKUP TABLE
`
`
`
`
`
`
`FIG.3
`
`54
`
`ZTE/SAMSUNG 1013-0004
`
`|PR2018—00274
`
`ZTE/SAMSUNG 1013-0004
`IPR2018-00274
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Apr. 9, 1996
`
`Sheet 4 of 4
`
`5,506,490
`
`70
`
`
`
`72
`
`
`
`
`
`
`.
`IS
`EXTERNAL
`ADAPTER A
`CHARGER
`
`POWER
`DEVICE
`
`POWER
`DEVICE
`
`
`
`
`
`CHARGE
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`IS
`ADAPTER A FAST
`CHARGER
`
`
`
`
`SLOW
`
`FAST
`CHARGE
`
`ZTE/SAMSUNG 1013-0005
`
`|PR2018—00274
`
`ZTE/SAMSUNG 1013-0005
`IPR2018-00274
`
`

`

`1
`NIETHOD AND APPARATUS FOR
`DETERMINING EXTERNAL POWER
`SUPPLY TYPE
`
`5,506,490
`
`2
`
`FIELD OF THE INVENTION
`
`The present invention is generally related to power adapt-
`ers, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for
`determining the type of external power adapter and modi-
`fying operating characteristics based upon the external
`power adapter type.
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`In a portable, battery-powered device such as a cellular
`telephone, an external power input is usually provided so
`that the user can operate the device from a primary source
`of power such as house current or a vehicle’s power source
`in order to conserve battery power. It is also desirable to
`have a battery charger internal to the device for recharging
`the unit’s battery pack, which may be internal or external to
`the device. The device and its internal battery charger
`require a power supply or adapter external to the device to
`supply the proper voltage and current needed by the device
`to charge the internal battery or power the device.
`Further, there are often a variety of external power sup—
`plies. For example, a high power version may be offered for
`fast charging the battery, while a low cost,
`low power
`version may be offered for slow charging the battery.
`Because the operation of the internal charger will differ
`depending on which external adapter is connected,
`the
`device must sense which type of external power adapter is
`present.
`there is a need to provide a means for
`Accordingly,
`detecting the type of external power adapter which is
`connected to a device, and modify the operation of the
`apparatus as a function of the type of power adapter and
`battery. The invention leads to greater system flexibility and
`improved performance with all
`types of external power
`supplies.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an apparatus for determining
`external power adapter type according to the present inven-
`tion.
`
`FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing the operation of a portable
`device having an external power adapter according to the
`present invention.
`FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing the method for determining
`external power adapter type according to the present inven-
`tion.
`
`FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing the method for powering/
`charging a portable device having an external power adapter
`according to the present invention.
`
`DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED
`EMBODIMENT
`
`The present invention provides a method and apparatus
`for determining an external power adapter type. FIG. 1
`generally shows a device having an external power adapter
`used to provide power to the device, as well as charging
`current for a battery which is regulated by the internal
`battery charger. A microcontroller in the device regulates the
`‘ charging current to the battery. The microcontroller prefer-
`
`ably contains an AID converter which is connected to a
`pull-up resistor internal to the device, and to a pull-down
`resistor in the external power adapter. The power adapter is
`essentially a regulated power supply which may be con-
`nected to a primary source of power such as the AC line, or
`to a 12 VDC supply in an automotive application.
`The external power adapter may be of a high current, high
`power type capable of fast charging the battery, or alterna-
`tively, it may be of a low current type which is only capable
`of slow charging the battery. By changing the value of the
`pull-down resistor in the external power adapter to identify
`the external power adapter type, the microcontroller in the
`apparatus may determine the optimum charging profile to
`use for the battery based upon the charger type and other
`information relating to the battery.
`Referring specifically to the elements shown in FIG. 1, a
`portable device 10 has an attached external power adapter 12
`which is powered by way of line 13. Portable device 10 also
`includes a battery 14 which could be either internal or
`external to the portable device. By way of example, the
`portable device 10 could a portable cellular telephone hav-
`ing a transmitter 16 and a receiver 18. However, it will
`understood that any other device, portable or fixed, adapted
`to receive external power could employ the apparatus and
`method of the present invention. Transmitter 16 is controlled
`by a microcontroller 20 having an analog-to-digital con-
`verter 21. Portable device 10 also includes a battery charger
`22. Transmitter 16, receiver 18, and battery charger 22 are all
`powered by a line 24 from external adapter 12.
`Generally, battery 14 will include a sensing element such
`as a resistor, thermistor, open circuit, short circuit or other
`element which may provide auxiliary sensing capability.
`Operationally, batteries of difierent types exhibit different
`“end of life” voltage characteristics and eifective series
`resistances. Since different types of batteries can be inter-
`changeably used to provide power for the same equipment
`(i.e. for a Cellular Portable Telephone), knowledge of the
`type of battery may be useful to the equipment in establish-
`ing operating parameters such as transmitter output power or
`a “low battery” warning condition. Battery types that can be
`charged should be charged at differing rates and with dif-
`fering conditions. Also, non-rechargeable battery types
`should not be subjected to recharging attempts.
`A portable telephone having battery charger which
`accepts all battery types ideally should adapt the rate of
`charge (charge current) and the types of charge controls used
`in accordance with the battery type. It is known for a device
`to automatically recognize the battery type which is to be
`charged and adapt
`its charging parameters accordingly.
`Applicants herein incorporate by reference U.S. Pat. No.
`5,164,652 entitled “Method and Apparatus for Determining
`Battery Type and Modifying Operating Characteristics”,
`invented by Robert M. Johnson and Michael P. Metroka and
`assigned to Motorola, Inc. assignees of the present inven-
`tion. U.S. Pat. No. 5,164,652 describes a battery type
`detector for battery—using and battery-charging equipment.
`The U.S. Pat. No. 5,164,652 also discloses modifying
`operational characteristics of the equipment in accordance
`with the battery-type detected. A battery sense line 26 and a
`voltage sense line 28 coupled from the battery to microcon-
`troller 20 provide the necessary information to optimize
`battery charging according to U.S. Pat. No. 5,164,652.
`Microcontroller 20 contains predetermined information
`about the battery type and will establish the rate and type of
`charge controls to provide an optimum rate of charge for a
`rechargeable battery while not charging a non-chargeable
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`4o
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
`ZTE/SAMSUNG 1013-0006
`
`|PR2018—00274
`
`ZTE/SAMSUNG 1013-0006
`IPR2018-00274
`
`

`

`5,506,490
`
` 4
`
`TABLE 2
`
`State
`
`Resistor
`
`Voltage
`
`A/D Count Range
`
`Guard Band
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`
`Open
`33K
`10K
`3.3K
`3.0K
`
`2.75
`2.11
`1.37
`0.63
`0.00
`
`0«9
`32—76
`99—150
`169—217
`235—255
`
`10—31
`77.98
`151—168
`218—234
`~—
`
`While an AID converter is preferably employed to deter-
`mine the type of external power adapter, a logic circuit
`similar to that shown in FIG. 3 of U.S. Pat. No. 5,164,652,
`which is incorporated by reference, could alternatively be
`employed to determine the type of external adapter within
`the scope of the present invention.
`Turning now to FIG. 2, a flow chart shows the operation
`of a device having an external power adapter according to
`the present invention. When the device is operated at a step
`50, the presence of an external adapter is determined at step
`52. If no external power adapter is present, the device is
`powered by the battery at a step 53. If an external power
`adapter is present, the type of adapter is determined at step
`54. The method for determining the external battery type
`will described in detail in reference to FIG. 3, and can be
`accomplished by the apparatus of FIG. 1.
`Regardless of whether an external power adapter is
`present or not, the battery type is determined at step 56. This
`can be accomplished by the apparatus and methods
`described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,164,652. Finally, at a step 58,
`the telephone is powered by the battery (or adapter if
`present), or the battery is optimally charged by the adapter,
`if present, based upon the type of battery and type of external
`power adapter attached to the device. That is, the charging
`parameters are modified according to the type of battery and
`the capability of the charger according to U.S. Pat. No.
`5,164,652. The method for powering/charging a portable
`device having an external power adapter according to the
`present invention is described in detail in reference to FIG.
`4.
`
`Turning now to FIG. 3, a flow chart shows the method for
`determining external power adapter type according to the
`present
`invention. A voltage divider network is created
`between the external power adapter and the portable device
`at a step 62. The voltage divider network can be provided
`according to the present invention by coupling a first resistor
`in the external power adapter to a second resistor in the
`portable device, as shown for example in the apparatus of
`FIG. 1. At a step 64, a voltage generated by the voltage
`divider is provided to a microcontroller or some other
`control circuit in the portable device. Preferably, the voltage
`is then converted to a digital equivalent in an A/D converter
`in the microcontroller at a step 66. The digital conversion is
`then compared to a voltage lookup table in the microcon-
`troller at a step 68 to determined the external power adapter
`type. While an analog to digital conversion is preferred, the
`analog signal could alternatively be compared to values in a
`look-up table.
`Turning now to FIG. 4, a flow chart shows the method for
`powering/charging a portable device having an external
`power adapter according to the present invention. At a step
`72, if the external adapter is not a charger, the external power
`adapter will only power the portable device at a step 74. If
`the adapter is a charger,
`the telephone will determine
`whether the device is in use at a step 78. For example, with
`a portable cellular telephone, it will be determined whether
`the telephone is in an “off hook” condition. If the device is
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`4o
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
`3
`
`battery type. The microprocessor recalls from its internal
`memory the charging characteristics of the particular battery
`type. The battery terminal voltage is sensed by conventional
`voltage detection techniques and input to microprocessor 20
`where it is compared with the battery terminal voltage
`charge characteristic curve recalled from storage. The appro-
`priate amount of current is allowed to enter the battery
`terminals as determined by microprocessor and the external
`power adapter.
`An external power sense line 30 is coupled from external
`power adapter 12 to portable device 10 at microcontroller
`20. Portable device 10 includes a pull-up resistor 32 coupled
`to the external power sense line 30. Similarly, external
`power adapter 12 includes a pull-down resistor 34 (type—
`detection resistor) which is also coupled to external power
`sense line 30. The pull-up resistor 32 and the pull—down
`resistor 34 form a voltage divider network which generates
`a voltage identifying the type of external power adapter
`In the preferred embodiment, the device is compatible
`with older power supplies which do not contain a type
`detection resistor. Older power supplies do not contain the
`necessary voltage tracking circuit, or may not provide suf-
`ficient voltage to charge the attached battery under all
`conditions. The device may determine that an older power
`supply is connected by recognizing the lack of a type
`detection resistor. In this case, the input to AID circuit 21 is
`pulled to +V by pull-up resistor 32, and thus the microcon-
`troller is able to detect the lack of pull-down resistor 34 in
`the external adapter. Thus, the microcontroller may disable
`the internal charger to prevent charging with older power
`supplies.
`As shown in the following Table 1, different external
`power supplies which could be attached to the device are
`listed. Generally, the charger type is listed in the second
`column. Also, as shown in the third column, an external
`adapter could be attached to a device which is in a test mode.
`The preferred value for resistor 34 is listed in column 4.
`
`TABLE l
`
`Charger #
`
`Charger Type
`
`Test Mode
`
`Resistor
`
`Voltage
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`
`Non
`Fast
`Slow
`-——
`Other
`
`Off
`01?
`Off
`On
`Off
`
`Open
`33K
`10K
`3.3K
`3.0K
`
`V1
`V2
`V3
`V4
`
`While five different external power adapters are listed in
`Table 1, any number of adapters could be used within the
`scope of the present invention.
`As shown in Table 2, an example of the AID conversion
`is shown for a device adapted to receive 5 external power
`adapters. The associated voltage value generated by a resis-
`tor 32 (having a value of 10K) and a resistor 3 (having a
`value listed in Column 2) is listed in column 3. While the
`A/D count range and guard band are given by way of
`example, other ranges and guard bands could be used.
`Alternatively, a different number of input devices could be
`employed and different resistor values, voltages, A/D count
`range and guard bands could be established.
`
`ZTE/SAMSUNG 1013-0007
`
`|PR2018—00274
`
`ZTE/SAMSUNG 1013-0007
`IPR2018-00274
`
`

`

`5
`
`6
`
`5,506,490
`
`in use, the external adapter will only power the device at a
`step 78. However, if the device is not in use, the device will
`determine whether the charger is a fast charger or a slow
`charger at a step 80. This can be determined according to the
`apparatus (FIG. 1) and method (FIG. 3) described above. If
`the device is not in use and the device is a not a fast charger,
`the external adapter will slow charge the battery at step 82.
`If the device is not in use and the device is a fast charger, the
`external adapter will fast charge the battery at a step 84.
`However, it will be understood that a power adapter could
`charge a battery while powering the device.
`In summary, the present invention provides a method and
`apparatus for determining an external power adapter type
`and preferably modifying the charging of the internal battery
`based upon the external power adapter type and battery
`information. The device has an external power adapter used
`to provide power to the device, as well as charging current
`for the battery which is regulated by the internal battery
`charger. The power adapter is essentially a regulated power
`supply which may be connected to the AC line, or to 12
`VDC supply in an automotive application. The external
`power adapter may be of a high current, high power type
`capable of fast charging the battery pack, or alternatively, it
`may be of a low current type which is only capable of slow
`charging the attached battery. A microcontroller in the
`device regulates the charging current to the battery. The
`microcontroller preferably contains an A/D converter which
`is connected to a pull-up resistor internal to the device, and
`to a pull-down resistor in the external power adapter. The
`voltage generated by the resistor divider network is used to
`identify the external power adapter type. By changing the
`value of the pull—down resistor in the external power adapter
`to identify the external power adapter, the microcontroller in
`the apparatus may determine the optimum charging profile
`to use for the battery based upon the charger type and other
`information relating to the battery.
`I claim:
`1. An apparatus for identifying an external power adapter
`attached to an electronic device, said external power adapter
`for receiving a source of primary power and providing a
`power input to said electronic device, the apparatus com-
`prising:
`a resistor network having a first resistor and a second
`resistor, said first resistor being disposed within said
`external power adapter and operatively coupled to said
`second resistor disposed within said device, said resis-
`tor network generating a sense voltage associated with
`said external power adapter; and
`a control circuit disposed within said electronic device
`adapted to receive said sense voltage to identify said
`external power adapter.
`2. The apparatus for identifying an external power adapter
`according to claim 1 wherein said external power adapter is
`a regulated power adapter receiving said source of primary
`power from an alternating current line.
`3. The apparatus for identifying an extemal power adapter
`according to claim 1 wherein said external power adapter is
`,a regulated power supply receiving said source of primary
`power from a direct current source.
`4. The apparatus for identifying an external power adapter
`according to claim 1 further including a battery integrally
`connected to said device.
`
`5. The apparatus for identifying an external power adapter
`according to claim 4 further including a battery charger
`disposed within said device for receiving a power input from
`said external power adapter to charge said battery.
`6. The apparatus for identifying an external power adapter
`according to claim 5 further including a sense line from said
`
`5
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`40
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
`battery providing a signal identifying the battery type of said
`battery.
`7. The apparatus for identifying an external power adapter
`according to claim 6 wherein said control circuit regulates
`said charger circuit to charge said battery based upon said
`external power adapter type and said battery type.
`8. An apparatus comprising:
`an external power adapter adapted to receive a power
`input from a primary source of power;
`a portable device adapted to receive said power input
`from said external power adapter and generate a regu-
`lated voltage;
`a resistor network having a first resistor and a second
`resistor, said first resistor being disposed within said
`external power adapter and operatively coupled to said
`second resistor disposed within said portable device
`and coupled to said regulated voltage, said resistor
`network generating a sense voltage for identifying the
`type of said external power adapter; and
`a microcontroller disposed within said portable device
`adapted to receive said sense voltage identifying said
`type of said external power adapter.
`9. The apparatus according to claim 8 wherein said
`microcontroller further includes an analog to digital con—
`verter to convert said sense voltage to a digital signal.
`10. The apparatus according to claim 8 further including
`a battery integrally connected to said portable device.
`11. The apparatus according to claim 10 further including
`a charger circuit disposed within said device, said charger
`circuit for receiving said power input from said external
`power adapter to charge said battery.
`12. The apparatus according to claim 11 further including
`a sense line from said battery providing a signal identifying
`the battery type of said battery.
`13. The apparatus according to claim 12 wherein said
`control circuit regulates said charger circuit to charge said
`battery based upon a charger type and said battery type.
`14. A method for identifying an external power adapter
`coupled to a device, said method comprising the steps of:
`coupling a first resistive element positioned within the
`external power adapter to a second resistive element
`positioned within the device to create a resistor divider
`network;
`generate an external power adapter sense voltage based
`upon a reference voltage; and
`identify the external power adapter by the external power
`adapter sense voltage.
`15. The method for identifying an external power adapter
`according to claim 14 further including a step of recharging
`a battery based upon the identity of an external power
`adapter type.
`16. A portable electronic device for identifying a type of
`an external power adapter attached thereto for receiving a
`source of primary power and providing power input to said
`electronic device, the portable electronic device comprising:
`a resistor being disposed within said portable electronic
`device, said resistor corresponding to one of a plurality
`of components forming a network generating a sense
`voltage associated with said external power adapter;
`and
`
`a control circuit disposed within said portable electronic
`device adapted to receive said sense voltage to identify
`said external power adapter.
`17. The portable electronic device for identifying an
`external power adapter according to claim 16 further includ-
`ing a battery integrally connected to said portable electronic
`device.
`
`ZTE/SAMSUNG 1013-0008
`
`|PR2018—00274
`
`ZTE/SAMSUNG 1013-0008
`IPR2018-00274
`
`

`

`7
`
`8
`
`5,506,490
`
`18. The portable electronic device for identifying an
`external power adapter according to claim 17 further includ—
`_
`.
`_
`.
`_
`_
`mg abattery charger dlsposed w1th1n 331d portable electronlc
`device for receiving power from said external power adapter
`to charge said battery.
`19. The portable electronic device for identifying an
`external power adapter according to claim 18 further includ
`
`ing a sense line from said battery providing a signal iden-
`tifying the type of said battery.
`20. The portable electronic device for identifying an
`external power adapter according to claim 19 wherein said
`control Circuit regulates said Charger Circuit to charge said
`battery based upon said external power adapter type and the
`type of said battery.
`
`5
`
`*
`
`*
`
`*
`
`*
`
`*
`
`ZTE/SAMSUNG 1013-0009
`
`|PR2018—00274
`
`ZTE/SAMSUNG 1013-0009
`IPR2018-00274
`
`