US006943778B1
`
`(12) United States Patent
`Astala et al.
`
`(10) Patent N0.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 6,943,778 B1
`Sep. 13, 2005
`
`(54) TOUCH SCREEN INPUT TECHNIQUE
`
`(75) Inventors: Arto Astala, Vantaa (FI); Tapio
`Mansikkaniemi, Espoo (Fl)
`
`(73) Assignee: Nokia Corporation, Espoo (FI)
`
`( * ) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 09/714,941
`
`(22) Filed:
`
`Nov. 20, 2000
`
`(51) Int. Cl.7 .............................................. .. G09G 5/00
`(52)
`345/173; 345/1.1; 709/217
`(58) Field of Search .............................. .. 345/173, 174,
`345/175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 863, 864, 1.1,
`345/12, 2.1, 2.3; 178/181, 18.01, 19.01; 709/217_219
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`4,899,138 A *
`
`2/1990 Araki et al. .............. .. 345/173
`
`4,914,624 A *
`
`4/1990 Dunnthorn . . . . . .
`
`. . . .. 345/173
`
`5,615,384 A *
`5,959,615 A *
`
`3/1997 Allard et al.
`9/1999 Yamade et al. . . . . .
`
`345/173
`. . . .. 345/173
`
`6,129,449 A * 10/2000 McCain et al. . . . . .
`. . . .. 345/173
`6,208,329 B1 *
`3/2001 Ballare .................. .. 345/173
`2002/0002594 A1 *
`1/2002 Roundtree et al. ........ .. 709/217
`5/2002 Mansikkaniemi et al. .. 455/566
`2002/0065109 A1 *
`
`Primary Examiner—Xiao Wu
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Antonelli, Terry, Stout &
`Kraus, LLP
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`Atechnique for inputting data, such as selecting a particular
`function of electronic device, using a touch screen of the
`electronic device, includes detecting When an object, such as
`a ?nger or a stylus or a pointed object, is touching the touch
`screen and detecting When the object is no longer touching
`the touch screen. The location of the object touching the
`touch screen is also detected. The time duration from the
`time of detection of the object ?rst touching the touch screen
`until the time of detection of the object no longer touching
`the touch screen is detected. A determination of the data
`being inputted, such as the particular function of the elec
`tronic device being selected, is made based on the detected
`location of the object on the touch screen and the measured
`time duration. The detecting that the object is touching the
`touch screen may include detecting that a pressure of the
`object on the touch screen is greater than a predetermined
`value and the detecting that the object is no longer touching
`the catch screen may include detecting that the pressure of
`the object on the touch screen is less than a predetermined
`value. The measuring of the time duration may include
`determining Which of a predetermined group of time dura
`tion ranges the measured time duration is Within.
`
`* cited by examiner
`
`86 Claims, 7 Drawing Sheets
`
`BUS. OWNER ~34
`
`2
`
`20a
`20b
`
`200
`
`:
`
`30a
`30b
`
`ltd-Q
`\
`36
`
`38
`
`AP
`
`M22
`
`300
`
`ISP
`24
`V
`
`MDA
`SERVER
`
`10
`
`/
`
`37
`
`/
`1339
`
`44
`
`/
`
`42
`
`/
`
`ISP — ISP
`
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sep. 13,2005
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`Sheet 1 0f 7
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`US 6,943,778 B1
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`ULU
`
`mm pom
`
`pom U mom
`
`
`
`mm “2
`
`m9 vm
`\/
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`oom
`
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`mw>mmm
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`
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 13, 2005
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`Sheet 2 0f 7
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`US 6,943,778 B1
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`
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sep. 13,2005
`
`Sheet 3 0f 7
`
`US 6,943,778 B1
`
`g)
`b
`
`I
`
`DISPLAY
`
`7
`
`7
`
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sep. 13,2005
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`Sheet 4 0f 7
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`US 6,943,778 B1
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`FIG. 4
`
`400
`
`( START
`402
`
`404
`/
`
`TPEOMVIINEQL
`0N7
`
`NO COMMUNIC.
`LINK ESTAB.
`
`NO
`
`406
`
`YES
`ESTABLISH A COMM.
`LINK WITH ACCESS
`POINT
`I
`GET INTERNET
`ADDRESS OF MDA
`SERVER FROM THE
`GLOBAL ADDRESS SERVER
`I
`1
`AUTHENTICATE
`TERMINAL AND ESTAB j 0
`FAMILY SESSION WITH
`MDA SERVER
`
`408
`
`T T
`
`I
`
`‘
`
`412
`
`414
`
`USER
`REQUESTS A
`PRNATE SESSION
`1' A PRWAT
`LEVEL?
`
`* ‘
`/
`FAMILY SESSION
`ACTIVE AND USER
`CAN CONTINUE TO
`RETRIEVE FAMILY
`LEVEL INFO.
`
`426
`
`P5SV'EIAIQQILLL
`ON,
`-
`
`YES
`
`TERMINATE 422
`PRIVATE J
`SESSION
`
`USER
`REQUESTS
`TERMINATION
`OF PRIVATE
`SESSION
`
`NO
`
`AUTHORIZED USER LOGS 56
`INTO START PRIVATE
`SESSION
`‘
`RETRIEVE PRIVATE
`INFO. & SERVICES
`
`418
`-/
`
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Sep. 13,2005
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`Sheet 5 0f 7
`
`US 6,943,778 B1
`
`FIG-5
`START }\ 500
`
`I
`
`II
`ESTABLISH COMMUNICATION LINK
`WITH ACCESS POINT
`
`\/5O2
`
`II
`OBTAIN RELATED INTERNET
`\,504
`ADDRESS FOR THE TERMINAL
`BASED ON CONNECTION W/ ACCESS PT.
`
`II
`ESTABLISH COMMUNICATION LINK
`WITH ISP
`
`\1506
`
`II
`RETRIEVE INTERNET ADDRESS
`OF GLOBAL ADD. SERVER
`
`II
`SEND REQUEST TO GLOBAL ADD.
`SERVER
`
`\/ 508
`
`V510
`
`II
`OBTAIN ADDRESS OF THE MDA
`sERvER FROM GLOB. ADD. sERv. ~512
`
`II
`TERMINAL SENDS ITS ID
`TO THE MDA SERVER FOR
`AUTHENTICATION
`
`\,SI4
`
`II
`MDA sERvER AUTHENTICATES
`TERMINAL FOR FAMILY LEVEL
`
`516
`\“
`
`II
`
`FAMILY SESSION STARTS
`
`\/518
`
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Sep. 13,2005
`
`Sheet 6 0f 7
`
`US 6,943,778 B1
`
`FIG. 6a ( START F600
`
`7
`DETECT
`TOUCH
`INPUT
`
`- 602
`
`START
`TIMER
`
`“604
`
`READ
`X AND Y
`COORDINATES
`
`__
`606
`
`DETERMINE
`OBJECT
`
`—608
`
`DETECT
`TOUCH INPUT ~610
`REMOVED
`
`J
`
`YES
`
`612
`
`ACTIVATE
`OBJECT
`
`_
`616
`
`(
`
`END
`
`F618
`
`614
`
`DISPLAY
`ATTRIBUTES
`OF OBJECT
`
`NO
`
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Sep. 13,2005
`
`Sheet 7 0f 7
`
`US 6,943,778 B1
`
`FIG. 6b
`
`1,625, mm mm
`\
`
`@
`
`FILE 1
`
`FILE 2
`
`DIR3
`
`D|R4
`
`F|LE4
`F|LE3
`DIR3
`
`622
`
`FIG. 6c
`
`ATTRIBUTES OF FILE 1 M“
`626
`
`m
`
`62i—\ mm mm
`
`F|LE1
`
`FILE2
`
`DIRS
`
`D|R4
`
`F|LE4
`FILEa
`was
`
`622
`
`E1
`
`62L\ DIR1
`
`DIR2
`
`"526
`
`DIR3
`
`DIR4
`
`“F22
`
`F|LE1
`
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`

`US 6,943,778 B1
`
`1
`TOUCH SCREEN INPUT TECHNIQUE
`
`CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED
`APPLICATIONS
`
`The present application is related to US. application Ser.
`No. 09/609,581, ?led in the US. Patent and Trademark
`Of?ce on Jun. 20, 2000; US. application Ser. Nos. 09/607,
`637 and 09/607,638, both ?led in the US. Patent and
`Trademark Of?ce on Jun. 30, 2000; and US. application Ser.
`No. 09/659,416, ?led in the US. Patent and Trademark
`Of?ce on Sep. 11, 2000, the content of these applications
`being incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
`Furthermore, priority is claimed under 35 U.S.C. §120 for
`the aforecited US. application Ser. No. 09/607,638.
`
`10
`
`15
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`2
`While the three above-noted patents each disclose the use
`of a touch screen for inputting purposes, none of these
`patents teach or suggest a touch screen arrangement in
`Which both the location and the time duration of a ?nger or
`other object contacting the touch screen are detected, the
`detected time duration being quantiZed into tWo or more
`values, each value corresponding to a speci?c input state.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`An object of the present invention is to provide a touch
`screen technique for an electronic device, for eXample,
`Which alloWs such electronic device to have a reasonably
`large display screen in a compact con?guration. The keypad
`of the device or substantial portions of the keypad of the
`device are deleted and their functions implemented by the
`touch screen display screen, thereby alloWing more space to
`be utiliZed for the display screen.
`Another object of the present invention is to provide a
`touch screen technique for an electronic device in Which
`both the location and the time duration of an object, such as
`a ?nger, contacting or pressing a detection point on the touch
`screen, are detected. The detected time duration is quantiZed
`into tWo or more values, each value corresponding to a
`speci?c input state. The interpretation of the contact detec
`tion may be dependent on the application and/or program
`phase active in the electronic device. For eXample, pressing
`a selection point for a ?rst predetermined time period may
`correspond to single clicking the left button on a mouse so
`as to open a tool tip or to indicate alternatives available in
`the application of the selection point or processing phase of
`the application at the selection point. On the other hand,
`pressing a selection point for a second predetermined period
`of time Which is longer than the ?rst predetermined period
`of time may correspond to double-clicking the left button on
`a mouse so as to access and activate the object of the
`selection point.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`The foregoing and a better and the standing of the present
`invention Will become apparent from the folloWing detailed
`description of eXample embodiments and the claims When
`read in connection With the accompanying draWings, all
`forming a part of the disclosure of this invention. While the
`foregoing and folloWing Written and illustrated disclosure
`focuses on disclosing eXample embodiments of the inven
`tion, it should be understood that the same is by Way of
`illustration and eXample only and the invention is not limited
`thereto. The spirit and scope of the present invention are
`limited only by the terms of the appended claims.
`The folloWing represents brief descriptions of the draW
`ings, Wherein:
`FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an eXample communication
`netWork having mobile terminals that are capable of com
`municating With a mobile display appliance (MDA) system
`having an MDA server With related services;
`FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the MDA server of the MDA
`system of the netWork of FIG. 1;
`FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an eXample of a mobile
`terminal that may operate Within the MDA system of FIG. 1;
`FIG. 4 is a ?oWchart of the process for establishing a
`family session and a private session betWeen the mobile
`terminal of FIG. 3 and the MDA server of FIG. 1;
`FIG. 5 is a ?oWchart of the process for establishing a
`communication link betWeen the mobile terminal of FIG. 3
`and the MDA server;
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`40
`
`The present invention relates to electronic devices and
`more particularly to a touch screen input technique for
`alloWing a user input to an electronic device having a touch
`screen.
`Advances in technology have resulted in smaller and
`more sophisticated electronic devices becoming available.
`These devices, such as portable communication devices,
`alloW a user Wireless access to communication netWorks,
`thereby enabling both Internet access and tWo-Way e-mail
`communication.
`As the siZe of these communication devices decreases and
`as the number of functions increase, it has become increas
`ingly important for a user to be able to enter commands and
`information into the communication device in an ef?cient
`manner. With a reduction in siZe of the device, a keypad
`input device must also be reduced in siZe, thereby decreasing
`the ef?ciency With Which information can be input by
`reducing the number and siZe of the keys. Furthermore, With
`a reduction in siZe of the device, the display siZe must also
`be reduced. Still furthermore, the use of a mouse With such
`devices is usually not possible since a mouse requires a ?at
`clean surface to be properly used.
`The use of a touch screen input device that serves both as
`a display and as an input device for the communication
`device alloWs a larger display in that a large keypad is no
`longer required since many of the functions have been taken
`over by the use of the display screen as an input device. A
`45
`user enters information and data by touching the display
`screen at speci?c points.
`US. Pat. No. 4,700,022 to Salvador et al. is directed to a
`method an apparatus for determining the coordinates of a
`contact point on a resistive type semi-analog sensitive
`surface. The coordinates are of a Zone of contact of a
`conductive object, such as a ?nger, on a sensitive surface
`consisting of an insulating support having a grate formed by
`tWo terminals betWeen Which a certain number of emitting
`resistant strips are connected in parallel and having detecting
`conductive strips placed betWeen the resistant strips. This
`patent merely discloses one of many techniques for deter
`mining the location of the Zone of contact on a touch
`sensitive screen.
`US. Pat. No. 5,119,079 to Hube et al. is directed to a
`touch screen user interface With eXpanding touch locations
`for a reprographic machine. The interface alloWs the eXpan
`sion of the area for selection on the touch screen so as to
`improve the accuracy of selection thereof.
`US. Pat. No. 5,545,857 to Lee et al. is directed to a
`remote control device having a touch screen alloWing a user
`input via the touch screen.
`
`50
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
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`

`US 6,943,778 B1
`
`3
`FIGS. 6a—6d are illustrations of a technique utilizing
`touchscreen inputs according to an embodiment of the
`invention;
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION
`
`4
`relating to each terminal 20a—20c are discussed in detail, the
`teachings set forth herein are also applicable to other ter
`minals. Upon proper authentication of each terminal
`20a—20c, the user can access the services of the MDA server
`28 at the authoriZed level of authentication.
`There are tWo levels of authentication that provide access
`to the services and information of the MDA server: the
`family level and the private level. The family level is a level
`of authentication that occurs based on the identity of each of
`the terminals 20a—20c in order to initiate a family session.
`In order to create a family, at least one terminal is needed,
`but typically there are several terminals that make up a
`family, and each terminal has a unique identity that alloWs
`the terminal access to a family session at the family level.
`Thus, for example, anyone having access to terminal 20a
`could have access to the family level information. The
`family level authentication may be based on the identity of
`the hardWare of the terminal 20a, and the authentication may
`automatically occur When the unit is poWered on. Even
`though the authentication at the family level may automati
`cally occur, the present invention, as set forth in the claims,
`is not limited thereby. For example, the terminal 20a could
`request input from the user 9 in order to initiate the family
`level authentication process. Once the terminal 20a is autho
`riZed to access the services, then each user is able to access
`information and services that are available to all other users
`in the family as Well as to initiate a private session to access
`private information and services available only to that user.
`Unlike the family session at the family level, the level of
`authentication for a private session at the private level
`requires input from the user to alloW the user of a terminal,
`such as, for example, terminal 20a, access to information
`intended only for that user. For example, the user could use
`any terminal that is Within the user’s family and then initiate
`a private session to access information and services speci?c
`to that user. The authentication can be done using anything
`that is unique and only knoWn by that user, such as a
`passWord. Thus, the user can have a private session With a
`secured level of privacy of information and/or services
`unique to that user, regardless of Which terminal is being
`used. HoWever, as indicated above, anyone having access to
`the terminal 20a Would have access to the family level
`information and services, because itis assumed for exem
`plary purposes that authentication is based on the hardWare
`of the terminal 20a and occurs automatically, and a family
`session is alWays active When the terminal is on. This alloWs
`anyone, even an unauthoriZed user, to access the family level
`services and to perform tasks, and access the Internet
`through the ISP 24 coupled to the access point 22.
`In addition to the ISP 24, the access point 22 is also
`coupled to a business oWner 34. The business oWner 34
`includes a global address server 36 and a global upgrade
`server 38. The Internet address of the global address server
`36 may be permanently contained in the memory of the
`terminal 20. The global address server 36 is a place form
`Which all the terminals, such as terminals 20a, 20b, and 20c,
`can fetch the Internet address of their respective MDA
`server. The advantage of having each terminal 20a—20c store
`the Internet address of the global address server 36 is that if
`terminals 20a—20c Were relocated near another access point,
`then terminals 20a—20c can still obtain the Internet address
`location of the MDA server 28 simply by knoWing the
`Internet address of the global address server 36. HoWever,
`the invention as set forth in the claims is not limited thereby.
`For example, the Internet address of the MDA server 28
`could be stored on terminals 20a—20c, and the memory of
`terminals 20a—20c could be updated as needed.
`
`10
`
`15
`
`25
`
`Before beginning a detailed description of the subject
`invention, mention of the folloWing is in order. When
`appropriate, like reference numerals and characters may be
`used to designate identical, corresponding, or similar com
`ponents in differing draWing ?gures. Furthermore, in the
`detailed description to folloW, example siZes/models/values/
`ranges may be given, although the present invention is not
`limited thereto. Still furthermore, clock signals and timing
`signals on ranta scale and instead, exemplary and critical
`time values are mentioned When appropriate. As a ?nal note,
`Well-knoWn components have not been shoWn Within the
`draWing ?gures for simplicity of illustration and discussion
`and so as not to obscure the present invention.
`FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an example communication
`netWork having mobile terminals that are capable of com
`municating With a mobile display appliance (MDA) system
`having an MDA server With related services. Network 10
`includes terminals 20a—20c, each coupled over a Wireless
`interface to an access point 22, for communicating With the
`netWork and transmitting and retrieving information for a
`user. More speci?cally, the access point 22 is coupled to an
`Internet Service Provider (ISP) 24, Which is coupled to the
`Internet 26. Accordingly, the access point 24 has an Internet
`address relative to the Internet address of the ISP 24.
`Additionally, the ISP 24 is coupled to a Mobile Display
`Appliance (MDA) server 28 that provides the users, through
`terminals 20a—20c, With speci?c services and features,
`Which Will be discussed herein.
`Terminals 20a—20c each includes a user input and output
`35
`device for alloWing a user to access services of the MDA
`server 28. The MDA server 28 provides services, such as
`e-mail, calendar, notes, ability to shop on line, and necessary
`authentication, as Well as third-party services and informa
`tion.
`Terminals 20a, 20b, and 20c are coupled to the access
`point 22 via Wireless connections 30a, 30b, and 30c, respec
`tively; hence, the user has portable or mobile access to the
`Internet 26 and the services provided by the MDA server 28.
`More speci?cally, terminals 20a—20c may be coupled to the
`access point 22 using a Wireless Local-Area-NetWork Gate
`Way (WLAN GW) that is installed at a speci?c location,
`such as the user’s premises or location. Although terminals
`20a—20c are shoWn as being coupled to the MDA server 28
`through the ISP 24, the present invention, as set forth in the
`claims, is not limited thereby. Furthermore, in the illustrated
`netWork of FIG. 1, the ISP 24 is not acting as the MDA
`server 28 and vice versa, even though this is possible. For
`example, terminals 20a—20c may be coupled directly to the
`MDA server 28 through the access point 22.
`Additionally, even though the access point 22 is shoWn as
`being coupled to the ISP 24 through a landline 32, the
`present invention as set forth in the claims is not limited
`thereby. For example, the access point 22 can be Wirelessly
`coupled to the ISP 24. Thus, the terminal 20 accesses the ISP
`24 through the access point 22, and thus the user can access,
`navigate through, and retrieve information from the Internet
`26 using the terminal 20.
`In order for a terminal, such as terminals 20a—20c, to have
`access to the services of the MDA server 28, the MDA server
`28 must authenticate and authoriZe each terminal’s access.
`Although only the authentication and authoriZation steps
`
`40
`
`45
`
`55
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`65
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`US 6,943,778 B1
`
`5
`An advantage to storing the Internet address of the global
`address server 36 on each terminal 20a—20c is that the
`association betWeen terminal and MDA server as Well as
`changes in the Internet address of MDA servers can be easily
`and ef?ciently appreciated Without having to update the
`memory of each terminal. The global update server 38
`updates the global address sever 36 each time there is a
`change in the association betWeen terminal and MDA server,
`When there are neW terminals to associate With an MDA
`server, or if the Internet address of a particular MDA server
`10
`is changed.
`With the Internet address of the global address server 36
`stored in the memory of the terminal 20, the terminal 20 is
`able to request and retrieve the Internet address of the MDA
`server 28 from the global address sever 36. The global
`15
`address server 36 stores information about the location of
`the MDA server 28 and all other MDA servers in the
`netWork and the corresponding relation betWeen each ter
`minal and its MDA server, Thus, the terminal 20 is alWays
`able to obtain the address of the MDA server 28, Which is the
`MDA server designed to serve the terminal 20. For eXample,
`the terminal 40 coupled through an access point 42 to an ISP
`44 can retrieve the Internet address of the MDA server 28
`from the global address server 36, provided that the MDA
`server 28 is the MDA server designated to serve the terminal
`25
`40 and that the terminal 40 is authenticated by the MDA
`server 28 as an authoriZed user of the services.
`The user pro?le and terminal-speci?c user interface con
`?guration settings, as Well as softWare component or pro
`gram updates to the server 28, are controlled and effected by
`a con?guration tool manager 39 (as shoWn in FIG. 1) of
`management server 37. Possible con?guration changes may
`affect both server 28 and/94 terminals 20a—c, and 40.
`FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the MDA server of the MDA
`system of the netWork of FIG. 1. The MDA server 38 may
`35
`include an application server 46, a support server 48, a
`netWork application server 50, and a directory server 52. It
`Will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the referenced
`connections do not depict the physical connections betWeen
`the logical elements; the emphasis is merely on the logical
`connections. The support server 48 provides services ori
`ented toWard enabling and supporting the services provided
`to the terminal 20. The support server 48 may include an
`upgrade services unit 54, a login services unit 56, a pro?le
`services unit 58, an advertisement services unit 60, an
`administrative services unit 62, and a de?ned services unit
`64.
`The upgrade services unit 54 is a speci?c means for
`controlled softWare upgrade of the softWare for the support
`server 48. The login services unit 56 provides the means for
`authentication of the user and the terminal 20 that is being
`used to access the services. Additionally, the login services
`unit 56 is also responsible for log-off activities, such as
`private session termination. The pro?le services unit 58
`provides a means for modifying a user’s pro?le information,
`e.g., family and private information and preferences. The
`administration services unit 62 provides a means for admin
`istration of the support server 48 and the application server
`46. The advertisement services unit 60 provides a means for
`the MDA server 28 to tailor advertisements to the user and
`the terminal 20 according to the user’s pro?le information.
`The de?ned services unit 64 is a classi?cation of other
`services containing items like bookmark management ser
`vices, help services, log services, name management ser
`vices, and general management services.
`FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a mobile terminal 20a that
`operates Within the MDA system of FIG. 1. Terminals 20b
`
`55
`
`65
`
`40
`
`45
`
`6
`and 20c may be similar in design. Terminal 20a may include
`a touch screen display 70, a broWser 74, a driver 76, and
`hardWare 78. The hardWare 78 may include a memory for
`storing data, such as the Internet address of the global
`address server 36, and the softWare for operating the termi
`nal 20, such as the broWser 74. HardWare 78 may include a
`touch screen controller 79 for controlling the input process
`for touch screen 70. As the terminal 20a is turned on, the
`driver 76 retrieves data relating to the Internet address of the
`global address server 36. Once the terminal 20a is turned on,
`it is coupled to the access point 22 and the ISP 24. Thus, the
`terminal 20a is able to obtain its oWn Internet address. Using
`the Internet address of the global address server 36, the
`terminal 20a is coupled to the global address server 36 and
`sends a request in order to obtain the Internet address of the
`MDA server 28. Once the terminal 20a has the Internet
`address of its MDA server 28, it is then coupled to the MDA
`server 28. The MDA server 28 authenticates, using the
`unique identity of the hardWare 78 of the terminal 20a, that
`the terminal 20a has family level access privileges. Accord
`ingly, the terminal 20a is authenticated and logged onto the
`MDA server 28 to begin a family session at a family level.
`Thus, the user can noW access services or retrieve informa
`tion from the MDA server 28 or the Internet 26. In order for
`the user to initiate a private session and retrieve private
`information, the user must use the terminal 20a and provide
`further authentication to the MDA server 28 to gain access
`at the private level. It Will be apparent to those skilled in the
`art that at either the family level or the private level, the user
`is able to retrieve information related to the family of users
`as Well as broWse the Internet 26 to retrieve information.
`The broWser 74 is a typical broWser and may include such
`features as HyperTeXt Transfer Protocol (HTTP), JAVA
`script, and cascade style sheet capability. As With typical
`Personal Computers (PCs), the broWser 74 helps the user
`navigate through and retrieve information from the Internet
`once the user is connected to the ISP 24 through the terminal
`20. The user utiliZes the terminal 20a to connect to both the
`ISP 24 and the MDA server 28 using authentication protocol
`as discussed in detail herein. The terminal 20a is the primary
`means of access by the user to the MDA server 28 and the
`related services and applications. HoWever, the user can also
`access the ISP 24 and the MDA server 28 using a PC 20d or
`non-mobile terminal using appropriate family level authen
`tication initiated manually.
`In order to retrieve information or to request services from
`the MDA server 28 or the Internet 26, the user provides the
`input touch screen display 70. The user can provide input
`using a virtual keyboard displayed on the display 70, using
`keyboard 72, or through the touch screen input on the touch
`screen display 70 utiliZing various process and functions
`according to the embodiments of the invention. Even though
`the virtual keyboard may be used as the user retrieves
`information from the Internet 26, such as a Web page, the
`user can receive the information at the display 70 of the
`terminal 20 in a full screen format. Full screen format is
`available because the U1 frameWork 72 disappears When the
`user types a Universal Resource Locator (URL) or folloWs
`a hyperlink While navigating the Internet 26. In order to
`return to the U1 frameWork 72, the user presses a button 80
`and the virtual keyboard as Well as the header and footer
`related to the services are presented again. Additionally,
`once the user presses the button 80, the Web page, Which Was
`a full screen displayed prior to pressing the button 80, is
`reduced to a thumbnail vieW and positioned in the display
`70, such as in the bottom left corner of the footer. Conse
`
`Microsoft Ex. 1008
`Microsoft v. Philips - IPR2018-00025
`Page 11 of 17
`
`

`

`US 6,943,778 B1
`
`10
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`15
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`25
`
`35
`
`7
`quently, the user has a shortcut to quickly access the Web
`page that Was previously visited or to save that Web page as
`a bookmark.
`FIG. 4 illustrates an example of the process of authenti
`cating a terminal at the family level to initiate a family
`session and authenticating the user at the private level to
`initiate a private session. The process of FIG. 4 begins at step
`400. At step 402, it is determined Whether the terminal is
`turned on. At step 404, if it is determined that the terminal
`is not turned on, then a communication link cannot be
`established through an access point to the MDA server;
`hence, the process returns to step 402 until the terminal is
`turned on. On the other hand, if the terminal is turned on,
`then the terminal establishes a connection to the access
`point, and hence to an ISP and a global address server. At
`step 408, the terminal obtains the Internet address of its
`MDA server from the global address server.
`At step 410, the terminal communicates With the MDA
`server and is authenticated as an authoriZed terminal With
`access to information and services at the family level, and
`the family session begins and continues until the terminal is
`turned off, Once the MDA server recogniZes the terminal,
`establishing the family session is an automatic background
`activity carried out by the terminal and transparent to the
`user, Which is discussed With respect to FIG. 5. In order for
`the user to establish a private session and access private
`information and services, the user has to log in as a private
`user at the private level.
`At step 412, it is determined if the user is an authoriZed
`private user. At step 414, if the user is not authenticated as
`a private user, then the user Will only be given access to a
`family session With the family level information and ser
`vices. On the other hand, at step 416, if the user is an
`authoriZed private user, then a private session is established
`and the user is alloWed access to the private information and
`services. Although the private level information and services
`may be the same for all users, the content Will vary from user
`to user.
`At stop 418, in the private session the user retrieves
`information and uses the private level services provided by
`the MDA server. At step 420, it is determined if the user
`Wants to terminate the private session and return to the
`family level. If it is determined that the user does not Want
`to terminate the private session, then the user continues the
`private session at the private level and the process returns to
`step 418. On the other hand, if it is determined that the user
`Wants to terminate the private session, then at step 422, the
`private session is terminated and the user goes from the
`private level to the family level. At step 424, it is determined
`if the terminal is still turned on. If the terminal is turned on,
`then the process returns to step 412, With the user at the
`family level in a family session. OtherWise, if the terminal
`is turned off, then the family session is also terminated, and
`the terminal is logged off the MDA server, and the process
`ends at step 426.
`Thus, once the once the MDA server authenticates the
`terminal, then a family session begins at the family level;
`once the user is recogniZed as a private user, then a private
`session is initiated. Consequently, a private session remains
`in effect until the user explicitly terminates the private
`session, Whereas a family session remains in effect until the
`terminal is turned off Other features can be included, such as
`termination of the private session if no input is received from
`the user after a predetermined period of time.
`FIG. 5 illustrates an example of the process of establish
`ing a communication link to an access point, step 406 of
`FIG. 4, and obtaining the Internet address of an MDA server
`
`40
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`45
`
`55
`
`65
`
`8
`for that terminal, step 408 of FIG. 4, for Initiating a family
`session at the family level beg