United States Patent
`
`1191
`
`4,766,434
`Matai et al.
`Aug. 23, 1988
`{45] Date of Patent:
`
`[11] Patent Number:
`
`[54] SELECTIVE PAGING RECEIVER wrrn
`MESSAGE DISPLAY
`
`[75]
`
`Inventors: Mssahiro Marni; Toshihim Mari,
`both of Tokyo, Japan
`
`[73] Assignee: NEC Corporation, Japan
`{:1} App]. No.: 905,143
`
`[22] Filed:
`
`Sep. 11, 1986
`
`............... .. 340/825.44
`5/1983 Willard et al.
`4.385.295
`4,504,825 3/ 1985 Bergermann et ai.
`............ .. 340/‘F09
`4,613,360 I0/1936 Mori ............................. .. 340/825.48
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`Dl366T.-' 4/1985 European Pat. Off.
`
`..... .. 3&0/825.44
`
`Primary Exarm'ner—John W. Caldwell, Sr.
`Assistant Exam:'rrer——Edwin C. Holloway, III
`Attorney. Agent, or Fr'rm—Laff, Whitesel, Come & Saret
`
`{.30}
`
`Foreign Application Priority Data
`
`[57]
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`sepflr, 1935 [JP]
`
`Japan
`
`60-20-4912
`
`[51]
`[52]
`
`1.1:. CL4 ........................ .. H040 7/00; <3-9513 5/22
`11.5. CI.
`.......................... .. 340/32544:; 340/311.1;
`455/38
`340/325.44. 325.47,
`[53] Field ofSearcl1 .................
`340/225.43, 311.1, 286, 792, 799; 455/31, 33;
`379/56, 57
`
`[56]
`
`References Cited
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`9/'19".-'3 Bialek
`3,751,031’
`3,976,995 8/I976 Sebestyen
`4,336,524 6/ I 982 Levine ...... ..
`
`4,382,256 5/I983 Nagata
`
`A pager has a receiver for receiving selective paging
`numbers and message data and a message display panel
`for displaying paging messages to the user. The pager
`has a first memory for storing message data. Control
`data, arriving together with the message data and re-
`lated to its display, is stored in a second memory. A
`display controller,
`responsive to external operating
`inputs from the user,
`is provided for controlling the
`contents of the messages to be displayed on a basis of
`the control data. A display responds to control from the
`display controller,
`to read out and display messages
`stored in the first memory.
`
`12 Claims, 13 Drawing Sheets
`
`PROM
`{PROGRAMMABLE ROM}
`
`50
`
`B0
`
`BUFFER
`AMPUFER
`
`SPEAKER
`
`
`
`IO ANTENNA
`
`
`
`WAVEFDRM
`SHAPER
`
`RADEO
`RECEIVER
`SECTION
`
`
`
`
`
`SWI
`
`SW2
`
` LIQUID
`messnse on-rn
`CRYSTAL.
`PROCESSING CIRCLHT
`DISPLAY
`
`
`SW3
`
`BLOCK DIAGRAM OF SELECTIVE PAGING RECEIVER WITH MESSAGE DISPLAY
`
`GOOGLE 1019
`
`GOOGLE 1019
`
`1
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 23, 1933
`
`Sheet 1 of 13
`
`4,766,434
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`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 23, 1933
`
`Sheet 3 of 13
`
`4,766,434
`
`BATTERY ON
`
`
`
`
`FRAME
`SYNCHRONIZING
`
`
`
`SIGNAL DETECTED
`
`NO
`
`
`
`'1?
`
`YES.
`
`
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` DOES ADDRESS
`MATCH THE RECEIVERS
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`YES
`
`READIN AND
`DECODE MESSAGE
`
`
`
`DATA
`
`
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`
`STOP $GNAL
`DETECTED
`
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`?
`
`YES
`
`FLOW CHART OF DECODER OPERATION
`
`/7/G..3
`
`4
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 23, 1988
`
`Sheet 4 of 13
`
`4,766,434
`
`F/6'. 4(0)
`
`CLASSIFICATION AREA I
`
`O0
`
`CONTROL AREA CONTINUES TO NEXT Mn
`
`0|
`
`PARTIAL DISPLAY
`
`I0 ,
`
`KEY WORD DISPLAY
`
`II
`
`ABBREVIATED DISPLAY
`
`F/G. 4(5)
`
`CONTROL A RE A
`
`4
`
`M1
`
`M2
`
`2|
`
`I
`
`i I
`
`WHEN CLASSIFICATION
`AREA I
`IS"O0"
`
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`AREA 2
`
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`AREAS
`
`WHEN CLASSIFICATION
`) AREA I
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`THAN "o0'
`
`ii
`
`4
`
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`
`9 BITS
`
`9 BITS
`
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`BITS FOR SPECIFYING
`CHARACTER POSITIONS
`
`F/6'. 4(0)
`
`MESSAGE INFORMATIONISAMPLE MESSAGE)
`
`I
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`
`20
`
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`
`MR .....,SATO._.CAME._.BACK FROM._.A
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`60
`
`70
`
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`TA AIRPORT BY SEVEN
`
`5
`
`

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`U.S. Patent
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`Patent
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`Aug. 23, 1933
`
`Sheet 7 or 13
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`4,766,434
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`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 23, 1933
`
`Sheet 3 of 13
`
`4,766,434
`
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`

`
`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 23, 1933
`
`Sheet 9 of 13
`
`4,766,434
`
`EXCLUSIVE NOR
`
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`
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`
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`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 23, 1933
`
`Sheet 11 of 13
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`4,766,434
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 23, 1933
`
`Sheet 12 of 13
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`4,766,434
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`
`1
`
`4,766,434
`
`SELECTIVE PAGING RECEIVER WITH MESSAGE
`DISPLAY
`
`This invention relates to a portable paging device for
`enabling a user to receive a paging message transmitted
`to him from another location, and more particularly to
`a selective paging receiver with a message display capa-
`ble of reading out received message data and selecting
`the type of control used to show it to the user by means 10
`of the display.
`
`5
`
`BACKGROUND
`
`Radio receivers for paging that include a message
`display panel conventionally scroll the message con- I5
`tents in a limited display area or display window to
`report the message to the person who has the receiver.
`That is, when the user presses a switch, all or a portion
`of the message information is shown to him in the lim-
`ited message display area, character by character, and in 20
`an order beginning with the first character.
`However, someone using a paging receiver with such
`a scrolling display will soon discover that it takes a
`considerable amount of scrolling to read a received
`message. For example, if the message display area can 25
`only show 16 characters at a time and if the received '
`message is 350 characters long, the scrolling area will
`have to be used at least 2 times to deliver the full mes»
`sage. Obviously, such scrolling is even more inconve-
`nient when the user wishes to read several individual 30
`messages received and stored by the paging receiver
`over a period of time.
`For quickly scanning through multiple messages,
`some paging receivers have a “truncated display” func-
`tion that permits just the first few characters of each 35
`message to be scrolled, rather than all of the characters
`of each message. Unfortunately, scanning through only
`such initial portions of the messages is often ineffective
`in helping the reader grasp their contents and impor-
`tance.
`
`40
`
`OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
`
`Therefore, an object of the invention is to provide a
`selective paging receiver that enables the user to grasp
`the information in long messages without scrolling 45
`through their entire contents. A more particular object
`is to provide a paging receiver with a display having a
`“summary display function”, by which is meant the
`ability to indicate the contents of received messages by
`a partial display, key word display, abbreviated display, 50
`or message type display. Yet a further object is to pro-
`vide this summary display function within the limited
`area of the display used for messages, without increas-
`ing the number of character positions in the message
`display area.
`
`55
`
`2
`controller, to read out and display messages stored in
`the first memory means.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`The above mentioned and other features of this in-
`vention and the manner of obtaining them will become
`more apparent, and the invention itself will be best
`understood, by reference to the following description of
`an embodiment of the invention taken in conjunction
`with the accompanying drawings, in which:
`FIG. 1(a) shows the digital make-up ofa typical pag-
`ing signal received by a receiver according to the inven-
`tion;
`FIG. 1(2)) shows the digital make-up of address and
`message portion signals included in the paging signal of
`FIG. 1(9);
`FIG. 2 is a simplified block diagram of an inventive
`selective paging receiver with message display for re-
`ceiving the signals of FIG. 1;
`FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing the operation of the
`address decoder in the receiver of FIG. 2;
`FIG. 4(a) shows the codes used in a Classification
`Area 1 of a first message portion signal of FIG. 1(b);
`FIG. 4(b) shows the codes used in a Control Area of
`the message portion signals of FIG. 1(b);
`FIG. 4-0:) shows a sample message signal, received by
`the receiver of FIG. 2;
`FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the message data pro-
`cessing circuit in the receiver of FIG. 2;
`FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the one chip CPU or
`microprocessor in the processing circuit of FIG. 5;
`FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the LCD driver circuit
`in the processing circuit of FIG. 5, and its associated
`LCD display;
`FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the random access mem-
`ory (RAM) in the processing circuit of FIG. 5;
`FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a detector circuit, for
`detecting certain frame and stop signals, used by the
`address decoder in the receiver of FIG. 2;
`FIG. 10 is a simplified schematic of a detecting cir-
`cuit, for detecting selective paging signals, used by the
`address decoder in the receiver of FIG. 2;
`FIG. 11 is a simplified schematic of the buffer ampli-
`fier and paging speaker circuits in the receiver of FIG.
`2;
`
`FIG. 12 is an explanatory chart of the various mem-
`ory storage areas (a)-(i) provided for message and con-
`trol information;
`FIG. 13 is an assembly diagram of a sample flow
`chart consisting of FIGS. 13A and 1313 showing how a
`summary display function can be provided by the re-
`ceiver of FIG. 2; and
`FIG. 14 is an illustration of a routine by which the
`pager‘s types of displays can be selected using operating
`switches.
`
`BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION
`
`In keeping with one aspect of the invention, a pager
`has a receiver for receiving selective paging numbers
`and ‘message data. A message display panel displays 60
`paging messages to the user. For storing message data,
`the pager has a first memory means. Control data, arriv-
`ing together with the message data and related to its
`display, is stored in a second memory means. A display
`controller, responsive to external operating inputs from 65
`the user, is provided‘ for controlling the contents of the
`messages to be displayed based on the control data. A
`display means responds to control from the display
`
`The inventive selective paging receiver receives pag-
`ing signals by means of its radio receiver section. If the
`paging number in the signal is the receiver’s own identi-
`fication number, it then receives and decodes control
`data and message data from the paging signal.
`The message data is stored in a first memory means
`and the control data is stored in a second memory
`means. The received control data is for controlling a
`display, in a limited area of a display panel, which helps
`the user to grasp the received message information. In
`addition to full message displays, the received control
`
`15
`
`15
`
`

`
`4,766,434
`
`3
`data includes information enabling a brief‘ summary
`display of each received message.
`For example, the control data can be for controlling
`various helpful summary displays, such as a partial dis-
`play, a key word display, an abbreviated display, or a
`message type display. A “partial display" comprises
`salient parts of a lengthy received message likely to
`convey its gist. A “key word display" attempts to re-
`port the principal information in a message by display-
`ing a number of its key words. An “abbreviated dis-
`play" employs prestored abbreviations of the words
`used in the partial and key word displays so a message
`of many words can be displayed in compressed form. A
`“message type display” shows to which classified topic
`the message information belongs; it enables the received
`message to be understood as “RE:
`CASE". The
`person carrying the receiver uses selection buttons or
`the like to choose the summary display function. This
`enables the summary displays provided by the sender to
`appear in the display panel.
`When the user has selected the summary display
`mode, the display controller, guided by the received
`control data stored in the second memory means, reads
`out selected message data stored in the first memory
`means and outputs it to the display means.
`
`EXAMPLE OF AN EMBODIMENT OF THE
`INVENTION
`
`As explained above, the invention gives the user the
`option of reviewing various helpful summary displays
`of paging messages stored in the receiver, such as a
`partial display, key word display, abbreviated display,
`or message type display. For convenience,
`the term
`"principal items” are used to refer generally to the
`words or abbreviations used in these summary displays.
`FIG. 1(a) shows the digital make-up of a typical pag-
`ing signal received by a receiver according to the inven-
`tion. These signals are constructed so that the principal
`items used in the summary displays can be extracted
`from the message information.
`The paging signal is a format having a 62 bit preamble
`signal P. a 31 bit frame synchronizing signal SC, a 31 bit
`address signal A, a message signal M, and a 31 bit end
`signal E.
`The frame synchronizing signal SC and the end signal
`E each have a predetermined fixed pattern. The mes-
`sage signal M has a length that depends on the amount
`of information in the message. As illustrated at FIG.
`1(b), it is made up from as many 31 bit message portion
`signals M" 01:1, 2,
`. . . ) as are needed to convey the
`message.
`The make-up of the address signal A and the message
`portion signals M" for Bose-Chandhuri-I-Iocquenghern
`BCH (31, 21) binary coded error correcting signals is
`shown at FIG. 1(3)). Each signal is a 31 bit word com-
`prising a 21 bit Information Area followed by a 10 bit
`Check Area.
`During processing, the address signal A and the ini-
`tial message portion signal M] are distinguished from
`each other by the leftmost or most significant bit
`(MSB), bit #1, in the Information Area. The MSB is a
`logical “0" in an address signal and a logical "1" in an
`initial message portion signal M].
`In the initial message portion signal, the twenty bits
`of Information Area which follow the M513 have a very
`important use in this invention. This is the area which
`makes it possible to extract the “principal items” used in
`the various summary displays. It indicates the particular
`
`4
`method of summary display for each message and the
`extraction points in the message.
`Following the MSB is Classification Area 1, com-
`prised oftwo bits, bits #2 8: 3, which designate the form
`of summary display that will appear in the limited dis-
`play area used for messages. Next is Control Area 1
`which designates the extraction points.
`FIG. 2 shows a simplified block diagram of an em-
`bodiment of the invention, a selective paging receiver
`with message display for receiving and using the paging
`signals of FIGS. 1(a) and (b). Electromagnetic signal
`waves picked up by an antenna 10 are fed to a radio
`receiver section 20. which recovers the baseband pag-
`ing signal and sends it to a wave shape adjusting circuit
`3|). From there the paging signal is input to an address
`decoder 40 having a timing clock the accuracy of which
`is assured by crystal 41. Decoder 40 can read out data
`from a programmable read-only memory (PROM) 50
`and exchange data with a message data processing cir-
`cuit 60 via a multi-line signal 1‘. Various information
`useful for running the receiver, such as its identification
`number, etc., have been written for storage into PROM
`50, a memory device which can be programmed with
`information (written into) once, but not reprogrammed.
`The output from decoder 40 is fed to a speaker 80 via
`an isolating buffer amplifier 70. Processed message data
`from circuit 60 is output to liquid crystal display (LCD)
`device 90 for displaying message information. etc. to the
`user. Operating switches SW0, SW1, SW2, SW3 enable
`the user to turn off an audible speaker alarm, to select
`operation and display modes, etc.
`The detailed operation of this selective paging re-
`ceiver with message display will now be described.
`When the desired radio signal is picked up by antenna
`10 and recovered by radio receiver section 20, its wave-
`form is shaped by circuit 30 into a serial digital paging
`signal h, of the type shown at FIG. lfa). Signal h is
`input to address decoder 40. Decoder 40 gets into bit
`synchronization using the preamble signal P, which has
`a repeating pattern of logical 1's and 0's, and proceeds
`to detection of the frame synchronizing signal SC
`which comes right after it.
`FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing the operation of the
`address decoder 40 in the receiver of FIG. 2. With
`power on. when detection of the frame synchronizing
`signal SC is confirmed, decoder 40 reads out its pre-
`stored selective paging address from PROM 5!} and
`starts comparing it hit by bit with received address
`signal A, the next item in digital signal h. If the receiv-
`er’s address matches the one in the paging signal, de-
`coder 40 activates message data processing circuit 60 by
`means of signal f.
`Immediately thereafter, message signal M is received
`and its 21 infonnation bits are error corrected by using
`the 10 check bits. At the same time. decoder 40 begins
`watching for an end or stop signal E’. portion in digital
`signal h. When an end signal E is detected, the decoder
`40 loops back to wait for detection of the next frame
`synchronizing signal SC.
`FIGS. 4(a) and (b) show an example of the make-up
`of the Classification Area 1 and Control Area appearing
`in the message signal of FIG. 1{b).
`As stated earlier, Classification Area 1 comprises two
`bits which designate the form of display that will appear
`in the limited display area used for messages. The Con-
`trol Area designates the positions of the first characters
`of words to be displayed. Nine bits are used to designate
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`45
`
`SD
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
`16
`
`16
`
`

`
`5
`the position of each such character. Therefore, its rela-
`tive position can be as far away as the 512th position.
`Next, using the sample message shown at FIG. 4{r:},
`examples will be given of the various methods of sum-
`mary display.
`Control_Area_Continues_.to_Next_SignaI
`When the two bit Classification Area 1 of initial mes-
`sage portion signal M1 is “00", it indicates that the next
`message portion signal M|‘s Information Area will also
`be a Control Area. Then,
`in initial message portion
`signal M1 several of the bits which immediately follow
`Classification Area I are used as a further classification
`area, Classification Area 2, for enabling the method of
`display to be designated in more detail. This is explained
`more thoroughly below in connection with the ex-
`panded control area.
`Partial_.Display
`When the two bit Classification Area 1 is “0l", a
`partial display is designated. In the Control Area that
`follows, the next nine bits indicate the position of the
`first character of the first word used in the partial dis-
`play, and the remaining nine bits indicate the position of
`the first character of the last word in the partial display.
`For example,
`the Control Area might designate the
`string of bits “00Dl0100100D10ll1l".
`For convenience,
`let us follow the convention of
`grouping these long bit strings by threes, viz: “O00 101
`001000 101 111". The first nine bits (000 101 001) have
`the decimal value 41. From the sample message in FIG.
`4(0), this means that the first letter of the first word of
`the partial display begins at character position 41, at the
`letter “G” of “GO". The remaining nine bits (000 101
`111) have the decimal value 4?. This means that the first
`letter of the last word of the partial display begins at
`position 4-7, at the letter “N" of "NARITA". Therefore,
`the sample message information is shrunk for the partial
`display to “GO TO NARITA".
`I{ey_Word_Display
`When the two bit Classification Area 1 is ‘‘l(}‘’, a key
`word display is indicated. In the Control Area that
`follows. each group of nine bits indicates the position of
`the first character of a word to be extracted from the
`message for the key word display.
`For example, suppose that the Controi Area desig-
`nates the bits “O00 000 101 000 101 111”. The first nine
`bits (000 000 101) have the decimal value 5. From the
`sample message in FIG. 4(a). this means that the first
`letter of the first key word begins at character position
`5, that is, at the “S” of “SATO". The next nine bits (000
`101 1 11) have the decimal value 47. This means that the
`first letter of‘ the next key word begins at position 47, at
`the letter “N" of “NAR.ITA". Therefore, the sample
`message information is reduced to the words “SATO
`NARITA" in the keyword display.
`Abbreviated._Display
`When the two bit Classification Area 1 is “ll", an
`abbreviated display is indicated. In the Control Area
`that follows, each group of nine bits indicates the posi-
`tion of the first character of a word to be used in the
`abbreviated display, in a prestored abbreviation form if
`possible. The abbreviations that can be used in the dis-
`play are prestored in PROM 50.
`For example, suppose that the Control Area desig-
`nates the bits “O00 000 101 000 I10 110". The first nine
`bits (000 000 101) have the decimal value 5. From the
`sample message in FIG. 4(c), this means that the first
`letter of the first word for the abbreviated display be-
`gins at character position 5,
`that
`is, at
`the “S” of
`
`10
`
`I5
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`40
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`GD
`
`65
`
`4,?66,434
`
`6
`“SATO". Therefore. a comparison is performed to see
`if an abbreviation for “SATO" is stored in FROM 50. If
`no prestored abbreviation exists, the word indicated is
`used as is. Let us assume that on checking PROM 50, it
`is found that “SATO" has no prestored abbreviation. If
`so, it is used in the abbreviated display as is.
`The next nine bits (000 110 110) have the decimal
`value 54. This means that the first letter of the next
`word for the abbreviated display begins at position 54,
`at the letter "A" of “AIRPORT". Let us assume that on
`checking FROM 50, it is found that “AIRI-’ORT" has a
`prestored abbreviation of "A. P.". If so, in the abbrevi-
`ated display “A. P." is used in place of the word "AIR-
`POR ".
`
`the sample message information is re-
`Therefore,
`duced to the expression “SATO A. P." in the abbrevi-
`ated display.
`Expanded._Control..Area
`As illustrated above, the two bits of Classification
`Area 1 are used to designate the type of summary dis-
`play. When Classification Area 1 is “i0" (Key Word
`Display) or ‘‘II‘’ (Abbreviated Display). as shown at
`FIG. 4(b) ( it’) only two nine bit “position-indicating"
`numbers can be stored in the control area. Therefore,
`the Key Word or Abbreviated display is limited to just
`two words or abbreviations, and not all the display area
`is used effectively.
`If Classification Area 1 is instead designated as ‘‘[)D‘‘,
`as shown at FIG. 4(b) (5), the Control Area is expanded
`by continuing it into the 21 bit Information Area of
`message portion signal M2. Then, in the initial message
`portion signal M; a further classification area (Classifi-
`cation Area 2) is provided directly behind Classification
`Area 1, to enable a more detailed Key Word or Abbre-
`viated display.
`For example, if Classification Area 2 is two bits long
`(bits #4 & 5), we can use the same classification codes
`for itthat were used in Classification Area 1:
`01=1'-‘artist Display
`lO=Key Word Display
`1 l = Abbreviated Display
`For a Key Word display, the two bits of Classifica-
`tion Area 2 are “l0", and for an Abbreviated display the
`two bits are “i 1". Since Classification Area 2 is assumed
`to take only two hits, as shown at FIG. 4(b) (1) there is
`still room in initial message portion signal M] for a 16 bit
`Control Area at bits #6—21. In addition, because Classi-
`fication Area 1 is “Ol'}", the Control Area continues to
`the next message portion signal M2, where there is room
`for another 21 control bits (bits #1—2l).
`Therefore, there is a total of 37 (I6+2t) control bits
`to designate a plurality of (9 bit) position-indicating
`numbers for the Key Word or Abbreviated display. At
`a 9 bits per position designation, a total of four
`(4>(9=36-(37) Key Words or Abbreviations can be
`designated. As before. each word is designated by giv-
`ing the relative position in the message of its first char-
`acter.
`In the embodiment disclosed above, as shown at FIG.
`4(a), Classification Area I designates a two bit code
`indicating the type of summary display. However, with
`suitable modifications Classification Area 1 can instead
`designate a code, extracted from the key words of long
`sentences, for making certain preselected sentences.
`For example, consider paging those doing business in
`a market where there is frequent dealing in stock prices,
`etc. Key words can be extracted from the stock names
`and forecasts in a series of paging message information
`
`17
`
`17
`
`

`
`4,766,434
`
`7
`that reports stock names, prices, and forecasts of future
`fluctuations. Then Classification Area 1 can designate a
`code which indicates how to use the key words to form
`such summary displays such as “NEC—BUY”, “AB-
`C—SELL”. When the user wants to learn more about
`these matters, he can also scroll the message informa-
`tion in its entirety to learn the specific details of stock
`prices, etc.
`The mechanism by which words are designated for
`the display will now be explained, including the mes-
`sage data processing circuit 60 and liquid crystal display
`(LCD) 90.
`FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the message data pro-
`cessing circuit 60 in the receiver of FIG. 2.
`As shown in FIG. 5, processing circuit 60 receives
`the user‘s operating instructions by reading input lines
`from user operating switches SW1, SW2, SW3 (FIG. 2),
`receives input from address decoder 48 on line f, and
`outputs display driving signals to the liquid crystal dis-
`play (LCD) 90 (FIG. 2) on line j. Processing circuit 60
`has a one chip CPU or microprocessor 100 that reads
`and writes data to a random access memory (RAM) 300
`on line bl. An LCD driver 200 receives input about the
`display contents from microprocessor 100 on line b2
`and outputs display driving signals on line j.
`In FIG. 5, Von indicates a power supply voltage
`applied from a battery 1000 (FIG. 11)
`through a
`DC-DC converter (not shown). A power supply back-
`up capacitor 62 is provided for RAM 300. A diode 61 is
`inserted in the line from the power supply so that if
`voltage Vpp drops below the voltage of capacitor 62,
`the diode will open, isolating the back-up capacitor
`from the power supply.
`RAM 300 acts as a first memory means for storing
`received message information, etc. The LCD driver 200
`and LCD display 90 together forth a display means For
`displaying the message information to the user. Micro-
`processor 100 acts as a display controhler means for
`controlling the display means.
`It is convenient if the operating switches SW0, SW1,
`SW2, and SW3 are normally open push button switches
`that spring back to the open condition when released.
`Then the user can press (close) them one or more times
`in various sequences to give commands to the micro-
`processor (FIG. 14).
`When the user closes operating switch SW0 (FIG. 2),
`it results in a trigger signal being input from decoder 40
`on line Fto microprocessor 100. The microprocessor
`responds by entering 3 Mode Selection state X1 shown
`in FIG. 14. In state X1, switch SW1 enables selection of
`a Message Display Mode X2. while SW2 and SW3
`respectively enable selection of Modes 2 and 3, other
`possible modes of the receiver not discussed here.
`Assuming SW1 is pressed while in the Mode Selec-
`tion state X1, the microprocessor responds by entering
`the Message Display Mode or state X2. The user can
`then choose from among a Full Message Display (X3)
`by SW1, a Message Number Display (X4) by SW2, and
`a Summary Display (X5) by SW3. (The Message Num-
`ber Display shows the number of each message so the
`user will know how many have been received, etc.)
`If desired, the default display mode (when none of
`switches SW1, SW2, or SW3 is pressed after a. short
`wait) can be a “truncated display", causing LCD dis-
`play 90 to display only a preselected number of begin-
`ning characters from each of the various messages
`stored in RAM 300.
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`45
`
`S0
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
`8
`If the user selects the Summary Display by closing
`operating switch SW3, microprocessor 100 causes LCD
`display 90, to display certain corresponding “principal
`items" from the messages stored in RAM 300 as a sum-
`mary display in accordance with control data stored in
`a second memory means. The second memory means is
`discussed in more detail below.
`Furthermore, there is an easy way for the user to read
`out all of a message having a summary display which
`has caught his attention. While the summary display of
`that message is still being shown by LCD display 90, the
`user can again close switch SW0. This causes a trigger
`signal to be input to microprocessor 100 from decoder
`40 on line 1". Microprocessor 10!] then returns to the
`Mode Selection state X1 of FIG. 14. If the user next
`presses switch SW1 twice in succession, microproces-
`sor 1lJO moves to the Message Display Mode X2 and
`then continues on into the Full Message Display mode
`X3. It reads out from RAM 309 the entire stored mes-
`sage information for the message, displaying it via dis-
`play 90.
`The details of microprocessor 100, LCD driver 200,
`and RAM 300 are respectively shown in FIGS. 6, 7 and
`
`icroprocessor
`As shown in the block diagram of FIG. 6, for input-
`/output, microprocessor 100 has input ports 101-106, a
`port 107 for interrupts, and a serial interface 108. It also
`has output ports 111-117 and a data bus 120.
`A program memory 140 stores the sequence of pro-
`gram instructions that must be executed. A program
`counter 130 specifies the address of the next instruction
`to be read out of memory 140 and executed. An instruc-
`tion decoder 160 decodes the program instruction infor-
`mation read out from program memory 140. It then
`provides control signals in accordance with the instruc-
`tions to the various circuits for execution of the instruc-
`tions. An arithmetic/logic unit (ALU) 150 performs
`arithmetic and logical operations called for by the pro-
`gram instructions.
`An accumulator (ACC) 170 is used in sending data to,
`and receiving it from, RAM 180 and the various ports
`101-117. An internal RAM 181] is a scratch pad memory
`for storing various types of data and providing tempo-
`rary storage for program status information and pro-