FILE HISTORY
`
`US 6,233,181
`
`PATENT:
`
`6,233,181
`
`INVENTORS: Hidaka,Hideto
`
`TITLE:
`
`Semiconductor memory device with
`improved flexible redundancy scheme
`
`APPLICATION US1999251352A
`NO.
`
`FILED:
`
`17 FEB 1999
`
`ISSUED:
`
`15 MAY 2001
`
`COMPILED:
`
`19 MAR 2015
`
`Apple - Ex. 1004
`Apple Inc., Petitioner
`1
`
`Apple - Ex. 1004
`Apple Inc., Petitioner
`1
`
`

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`SECYOR
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`CLASS
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`EXAHINER
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`[Attached in pockai on right inside flap}
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`VOREGINAL.19....—
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`of us Patent No.
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`‘ Possession outside me U S Patenl a Trademark Officer
`‘ Form PTO-‘35.“
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`(FACE)
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`2
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`SEMICONDUCTOR MEMORY DEVICE WITH IlVlPROVED FLEXIBLE
`
`6,233,181
`
`REDUNDANCY SCHEME
`
`Transaction History
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`
`
`2/ 17/ 1999 Workflow - Drawings Finished
`2/17/1999
`
`2/17/1999
`
`2/17/1999
`
`2/17/1999
`
` 4/ 18/2001 Application Is Considered Ready for Issue
`
`2/17/1999
` 2/23/1999 Initial Exam Team nn
`
`3/8/1999 IFW Scan & PACR Auto Security Review
`
`3/ 16/ 1999 Application Dispatched from OIPE
`3/24/ 1999 Case Docketed to Examiner in GAU
` 10/8/1999 Case Docketed to Examiner in GAU
`
`1/ 10/2000 Mail Restriction Requirement
`
`1/10/2000 Restriction/Election Requirement
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`2/10/2000 Response to Election / Restriction Filed
` 2/15/2000 Date Forwarded to Examiner
`4/10/2000 Non-Final Re' ection
`
`4/12/2000 Mail Non-Final Rejection
`10/11/2000 Res onse after Non—Final Action
`
`10/11/2000 Request for Extension of Time - Granted
` 10/20/2000 Date Forwarded to Examiner
`1/ 16/2001 Mail Notice of Allowance
`
`1/ 16/2001 Notice of Allowance Data Verification Completed
`2/21/2001 Workflow - File Sent to Contractor
`
`3/26/2001
`Issue Fee Payment Verified
`
`4/ 14/2001 Workflow - Complete WF Records for Drawings
`
`Issue Notification Mailed
`4/27/2001
`5/ 15/2001 Recordation ofPatent Grant Mailed
`
`3
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`HulllllllllllfllllfillllllElllllENll Illlillllliliilllfllfim
`{55(335233‘18131
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`(1.2) United States Patent
`(10) Patent N13,:
`US 6,233,181 B1
`Hidaka
`(45) "Date 13f Patent:
`May 15,, 2001
`
`(54) SEMECQNDUC’IDR MEMOR‘E [Mi-VICE
`WI’I‘H IMPRCWED ETEXIHLE
`REDLWDAECY SCHEME
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`{75)
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`lawman Hidetu I-lidakilleogn (JP)
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`"A Flaxiblt: Rcéuufizflw Techniqua: Fm Highflenfifiy
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`ABSTRACT
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`US. Patent
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`fiday15,2001
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`Sheet 1 of 31
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`US 6,233,181 Bl
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`US. Patent
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`May 15, 2:101
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`Sheet 2 ol’31
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`US 6,233,181 31
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`US. Patent
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`May 15, 2:101
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`US. Patent
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`May 15, 2901
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`US. Patent
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`US. Patent
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`May 15, 2901
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`Sheet 6 (“’31
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`US 6,233,181 Bl
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`FIG. 6
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`US. Patent
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`May 15, 2901
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`Sheet 7 of 31
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`US. Patent
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`May 15,2901
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`Sheet 3 am
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`US 6,233,181 Bl
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`FIG. 10
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`US. Patent
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`May 15,2901
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`Sheet 9 0131
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`US 6,233,181 31
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`FIG. 12
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`US. Patent
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`May 15, 2801
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`Sheet 10 M31
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`US 6,233,181 Bl
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`FIG. 15
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`

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`U.S. Patent
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`hday15.2801
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`Sheet 11 of 31
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`US 6,233,131 B1
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`US. Patent
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`May 15, 2901
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`Sheet 12 «31
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`US 6,233,131 B1
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`U.S. Patent
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`hday15.2801
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`Sheet 13 of 31
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`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May 15, 2901
`
`Sheet 140131
`
`US 6,233,181 Bl
`
`FIG. 21A
`
`ROW-RELATED
`MEET
`
`HEMURY éRRAY
`
`BLOCK
`
`
`
`
`
`
`POKER SUPPLY
`
`BLOCK DEGODER
`
`
` **—‘HIGH Vth
`
`21
`
`21
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May 15,2901
`
`Sheet 15 0f31
`
`US 6,233,131 131
`
`FIG. 22
`
`(”R/1.2! RAG);
`
`(1.1)
`
`(0.1)
`
`{1“ O)
`
`(0. 0)
`
`MAE?
`(c687)
`
`"0336
`{4535:
`
`
`
`GAB‘
`
`FIG.23A
`NORMALMODE
`
`FIE-3.238
`
`1
`
`RM W;
`4581-41
`g
`
`RAH:
`
`\-.‘.-uu.4w-.»a
`
`DEF! NED
`
`DEFINED
`
`4:32
`
`'eRUWwREL/UEIJ
`‘
`GKT OPERATION
`,
`3—“!
`H1 GH SPEED UPERAT 1 0N
`
`+
`VOLTAGE
`STABi L I ZED
`
`22
`
`22
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May 15,2901
`
`Sheet 16 of 31
`
`US 6,233,131 Bl
`
`FIG. 25
`
`REFRESH MBDE
`
`DETECT 1 ON CKT
`
`REFRESH ADDRESS V
`GOUNTER
`
`_
`
`
`
`25
`
`m
`
`3‘
`
`“'5
`
`'
`
`
`
`;
`MULTIPLEXER
`
`RA
`
`
`
`23
`
`EAST
`
`RACT
`
`ROW—RELATED
`CONTROL nKT
`
`27
`
`'
`
`'
`
`ML
`
`'
`
`.TO POWER SUPPLY
`RAI.
`53‘7““3 ' BLOCK DECDDER
`
`AD
`
`T0 ROWRELATED GKT IN
`EAGH MEMORY ELDER
`
`23
`
`23
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`May 15, 2301
`
`Sheet 17 0f31
`
`US 6,233,131 B1
`
`FIG.
`
`25
`
`{fiBi
`i=1~3
`
` RM. (/RM)
`
`
`- $52
`
`
`. mamas
`
`
`
`REFRESH ADDRESS
`
`
`
`W'a T0 POWER SUPPLY
`; mu
`DEGUBE cm
`
`
`
`FAULT l PLEKER
`
`RA
`
`
`
`TU REM-RELATED
`PER f PHERAL GKT
`
`24
`
`24
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May 15, 2901
`
`Sheet 18 M31
`
`US 6,233,181 Bl
`
`FIG. 29
`
` 95%
`
`
`mum: LINE
`2 ACT 3 VAT I 0N
`
`
`; S l GRAL
`
`: GENERAT me
`
`' CKT
`
`
`
`GAGT
`
`RADT
`
`F l G. 3 0
`
`AGTWE
`
`POWER SUPPLY
`
`BLOCK SELECTED,
`
`QAGT
`
`d: RX
`
`46%.
`
`31
`
`25
`
`25
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May 15,2901
`
`Sheet 19 uf31
`
`US 6,233,181 31
`
`F I G. 3 1
`
`'5 Kipp
`40
`pri—rVSS)
`
`
`
`WORD LiNE
`DECDDE SIGNAL
`
`GENERAYIHG
`CKT
`
`135?“.
`
`3m
`
`
`
`"L" IN STAND-BY STATE
`
`Xe
`_L
`Vw
`Xi,j,k - »\'
`41
`42
`
`43
`
`1981“,} \
`
`43
`
`R
`m.
`
`49
`
`f
`45
`
`.
`
`\
`47
`
`
`
`W
`
`Row DEGODE GKT
`
`man LiNE
`DRIVE GKT
`
`FIG. 32A
`
`FIG.323
`
`man
`
`GAE
`
`(1, 1)
`
`(1. 0) (01 0)
`
`:NGRMAL MODE
`
`(MKS)
`
`
`(a 1) Ex”?
`
`
`
`WSW
`
`
`
`
`:REFRESH MODE
`
`26
`
`26
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May 15,2:201
`
`Sheet 20 of 31
`
`US 6,233,131 B1
`
`FIG. 33
`
` Rm, (/RM) »
`
`
`FIG. 35
`
`
`
`RW~RELATED
`
`SELECTING GKT
`
`
`
`
`50
`
`27
`
`27
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May 15,2901
`
`Sheet 21 M31
`
`US 6,233,181 Bl
`
`FIG. 36
`
`CUP
`
`25
`
`REFRESH ADSRESS
`
`CGHNTER
`BLOCK DEBUDE
`
`PflWER SUPPLY
`
`
`
`(35‘3”? ..
`
`
`
`CUP
`
`QAGT
`
`SR
`
`
`¢BI~¢BS
`:TCI POWER SUPPLY SWITCH CKT
`
`
`
`TO ROW-RELMED FEREPHERAL GKT
`
`FIG. 37
`
`mp \im
`
`LATCH 61 BMW)M aa‘mm
`M
`LATCH 62 asm‘. 35 (NH)
`
`¢B1~8
`
`¢JGUP
`
`film
`
`‘2
`
`m --I_ w
`
`mw
`119m? RECESSARY TD "MT
`FER STABILIZATION OF
`PUWER SUPPLY
`
`28
`
`28
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May 15,2901
`
`Sheet 22 of31
`
`US 6,233,181 Bl
`
`FiG. 38
`
`
`
`FROM
`REFRESH
`ADDRESS
`CGUNTER
`
`¢CUP
`_L
`
`/
`55a
`
`QAGT
`
`65b
`
`65d
`
`ase
`
`656
`
`am
`
`E5.
`
`F | G . 4 0
`
`EAST
`
`63
`$1
`
`
`
`UNE‘SHOT PULSE
`GENERATING CKT—
`: CUP
`
`
`
`GNE‘SEGT PULSE
`
`
`
`BEfiERATIHG CKT éth
`
`29
`
`29
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`May 15,2901
`
`Sheet 23 0f 31
`
`US 6,233,181 BI
`
`FIG. 41
`
`NORMAL
`MEMORY
`
`MEMORY
`BLDGK
`
`
`
`
`(1,1)
`
`(0. 1)
`
`30
`
`30
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May 15, 2901
`
`Sheet 24 M31
`
`US 6,233,181 Bl
`
`FiG. 43
`
`RAGT
`
`RA
`
`4:81
`
`MIL
`
`.g: 32-3
`
` SPARE HIT
`
`:REFRESH MODE
`
`‘
`
`SPARE DETERMiNATION -* SW SELECTION
`
`31
`
`31
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May 15, 2901
`
`Sheet 25 0f 31
`
`US 6,233,181 Bl
`
`FIG. 45
`
`SPARE HIT
`
`$31~¢>Ba
`
`NWL
`
`SW1.
`
`
`
`F I G. 4 6 A
`
`AIM
`0A2
`
`GAS
`
`a’RAGT
`
`mlT
`
`T1
`
`F l G. 4 6 B
`
`72
`
`i=8?
`
`NORMAL nonE->§<- REFRESH NUDE
`
`mm
`
`QAGT
`
`0A
`
`£531
`
`CUTF'UT OF
`W71
`
`
`
`.
`
`
`
`32
`
`32
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May 15.2901
`
`Sheet 26 0f31
`
`US 6,233,181 131
`
`FiG. 47A
`
`(MAST)
`
`GA2,KGA2
`
`QAT.JIVG
`
`DA3./QAS
`
`F i G . 4 7 B
`
`NORMAL mans-wafer.— SELFwREFRESH MODE
`‘
`
`I
`
`I I
`
`I
`F
`3
`
`‘n
`
`\
`
`~1
`
`IRACT
`
`QAGT
`
`RAmg
`
`GA XWWE-Wl!
`IHIT'X-
`'
`
`'
`
`9581' -
`
`FIG. 48
`
`qfiRX
`
`78
`
`“BSD LINE DRIVE
`
`
`' ”5m
`TERlNG comm. GKT
`
`
`SR
`
`33
`
`33
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`May 15, 2901
`
`Sheet 27 0f 31
`
`US 6,233,131 B1
`
`mm<¢m-
`
`20_._.<zEmuEmax3:
`
`5.
`
`5E”so
`
`Ga
`
`
`
`mmwmag:wmauwm
`
`mmwznou
`
`mv.G_n_
`
`.55gramSan—5wmmgoaE.”
`
`
`
`.55AdmmzaEmn.awhjmmtsomE.
`
`91...:
`
`SQ
`
`mm
`
`2:mi
`
`El}
`
`aHg
`
`man.5.53
`320.3,TEE?”
`
`mm
`
`<3
`
`mm
`
`é
`
`“ring.$an
`
`
`
`mmoowaxmgm
`
`.55
`
`be
`
`mm.
`
`mm
`
`use.»E55mm.
`
`34
`
`34
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`May 15, 2301
`
`Sheet 28 0f31
`
`US 6,233,131 B1
`
`F I G. 5 U A
`
`M t
`
`O
`
`1
`
`
`
`(1.1)
`
`(0.1)
`
`(1, 0)
`
`(0.0)
`
`:BEFORE SPARE DETERMINATION DEFiNED
`NORMAL WIDE
`
`(Alma)
`
`F I G. 5 0 3
`
`RM :
`
`D
`
`1
`
`
`
`(1,1)
`
`(0, 1)
`
`(1.0)
`
`(0. 0)
`
`:AFTER SPARE DETERMiNATmN DEFINED
`NORMAL H055
`
`(RAE, RAB)
`
`35
`
`35
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May 15, mm
`
`Sheet 29 0f 31
`
`US 6,233,131 Bl
`
`FIG. 5
`
`1A
`
`
`
`$31
`
`Q2
`
`(PRESENT CYCLE GR PREVIOUS CYCLE}
`"L" m STAND~BY STATE
`
`FIG. 5
`
`18
`
`NORMA «I; USED
`
`“If”‘3
`
`
`GAL mm
`
`9A2, 1m
`
`GAS. MAB
`
`{PRESENT CYCLE 0R PREVIOUS CYCLE)
`
`36
`
`36
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May 15, 2901
`
`Sheet 30 M31
`
`US 6,233,131 Bl
`
`FIG. 53 PREGRART
`
`M0
`
`SW01
`SW00
`
`SW11
`SWIG
`
`m3
`SW31
`31‘21
`HA2.
`MM
`'
`
`
`
`
`
`ant-am ‘
`
`afi-i Era—<1 *
`
`2
`
`
`
`
`FIG. 54 PRIQRART
`
`HBi
`
`DEFECTIVE
`38qu AMPLlFlER
`
`We?
`
`.
`ma '“
`
`———————————————————91$.va
`DEFECTWE
`
`vs LINE
`l...ll'...l
`
`DEFEGTWE
`an LINE
`
`SPARE came
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`37
`
`37
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May 15,2901
`
`Sheet 31 0f31
`
`US 6,233,181 31
`
`FIG. 55 PmoRART
`
`902
`
`904 HiGH-Vth
`
`F I G. 56 PRIDRART
`
`quGT ---------- V69
`
`
`-au---bv-wa“a“-..
`
`STAND-BY CYCLE !
`
`ACTIVE CYCLE
`
`“V35
`
`STAND~BY CYCLE
`
`38
`
`38
`
`

`

`US 6,233,181 B1
`
`1
`SEMICONDHCI‘QR MEMORY DEVICE
`Wfl‘H lfii’RICWED FLEXIBLE
`REfiUflDANCY SCHEME
`BACKGRQLSND OF THE INVENTION
`L mm if the immaim
`Thu pmmné immiinn rdams gcmmlij m scmimudumor
`memory devices, and 1mm pa niwiarlyg m a Ssm‘imnfium}:
`mummy dwim timing ;‘ mummy array ciivificd inm- a
`pluraliiy 0f mummy Macks, Mme specifimlky, xhc preset)?
`inwmiun ruiatfig {a it [vainudaflcy circuit fur razpftiring 2’;
`
`def ‘tiw mummy; cell in a mmicuuducmr mumwy duvicu
`having, such a1} afiay-fiifidud arrangement mg? a pawn
`supply ciruuéz pmvideé mespmading In each Mack.
`2‘ fluwriplim {‘35 Kim Batikgmuml An
`In 1m: mmiuuuducmf mummy dwicc. a ciefcci‘évé immune
`ml} is ruplamd WiEh a spam mommy cell
`it; under
`in
`uquiv-aimty repair 131$ flufumiw mummy cull 1:: ram: lbs:
`yiaki u!‘ the pmduém A flmibm minnrlan-sy mbumat ms;
`Mun propcmd in {inky It: improve the LLVL uflicicnuiw of
`spam: lines {wan} hum iii [$le films) and span; (blunders. fir:
`fiel‘ccfing spféw lines iii a redundancy Circuit wafigumiifm
`incluiiing fififiw mummy celis (spam ward lines and hi: aunts)
`
`{m mpaifing mm}: uvé'amjvrx mummy (walk; (3;: -
`{1-3: ammple,
`"A I~'le;x1'hk: Redunfiancy Technique (m I ghynsmfiy‘
`DRAM‘S', Hmiguchi cl 3%.? [EELS Juumal mf fittziiduSlah:
`(Shawls, V01. 2%. NT}
`3, January 19!“, min 32 IO 1’?)
`FKL 53 i5 :1 uchsmazic diagram (sf the general mnfigu»
`Ruiun 01” a swuiwmfi 31:11:: mmnmy Liw i533 having, a mnvuuv
`firms! flexilirj: rnduuiiancy gamma. Iu Fifi 33‘ the: semicma’
`duclflr mummy Lituicr: inuludes [uur mt mm}? arm 5P5 MAID in
`MM? in 041131“: ui‘mcamry arrays MN) 10 MAB, a 59am WGRI
`firm :0 ,rczpair a rkfe‘mévc mummy cull rm» i5; pfiwidii‘fi
`It!
`mummy {may 336131}, span: wmfl lines, SWM and SW91 am
`pmvidcd,
`3135:?
`it: mums}: away MAJ, spars: WM? lines
`SW11 and SW11 all: pmvidcd. In In: mury‘ amt}; MAE, ware
`wart} line SW20 am] SW2] arc pmvidud, and in mummy
`, spam ward linczs SW30 and SW31 an: umvidcd.
`
`Raw defltidfifx X0 in X3 and} fur deccding an adfire—ss
`513ml [0 firm: a [10er mm} line pnwidud curresponuing to
`an addmmmf raw inm 3 mkwted sum: an: pnwiiimfl mm:-
`mrmriing, m mummy arrays. MM) kn M323“ A column
`duucsdm ”H! ‘vs prm'ixkzd bumwn mummy arrays MA" and
`MA!
`to duwdu a whim“ uudrcss signal
`to: select an
`uddressxcd ufiiumu. am? 3150 a £363an dbccnéer Yl is pm“
`vidud butwmn mummy arrays MA}. um} MAS
`The semicumiucim‘ mammary device funhca“ £32111ch waft:
`liemdxzrs SD“ ru 393 w 510m 3 mw addrcas a: which a
`dcfuzrtiw mummy; call
`is pin-soul! maximum in wart? {inc
`(dcfcctiw mum} ward Zinc) curmwunding my this; (k: Ezeiivn
`
`raw addmx‘s if: :3 max :in sun: when the {Isibcsiwz row
`i5, addressed and drive :1 wflcugmnding 513ml“: wmd lint: mm
`a xulwcu make, an (m cucuil 150 m mumvt: wrung fiignals
`from spam: ficuesdfirs SD!) and SDI. and an QR cirwi! C31 in
`rcwiw Dumas signals Foam spam tiuwcicm 5132 mg? SIB.
`
`The: Output signals 0f {CIR circa:
`_ ”fl and Cd are pruviéed
`in wmmcm is?- 51331:; ward ‘2qu driving circuiu; included in
`row dcmdem XCD Ea 31:3. Span: dccodum SDI] ice $33 an:
`mmmmly pmmdmfl WE: array mime» aigna} him awn-2 and
`an»! m warm was: :3“ mmmry arrays; MM! m MAS and
`wim hum—army Mamas signuis hits at} m 3&3 m mare-$8 :1
`mw in the mummy army. Row ducudurs XS)
`:0 X3 an:
`pmvidcd wigh army azisiiraass signai biis 351-2 and an- I, and a
`row dwmkr E39; mummy! when a umr‘rrfipnm‘éng, mnmrary
`army is midrcmud, GR circuits; on am! CH fiach cmmsepfmd
`M [Ma spare wm‘fl lines. watvidcd fur cmh of mummy armya
`MN? 10 MILK
`
`2
`Lat us assume that mrmai ward linca W0 and W1 arr:
`defmfiw in mummy army MAIL that a mama! ward Eine W3
`in mummy array MA] i5 dcfkciivfi, and that 32 animal ward
`
`(in: “W3 in mummy army MAZ is. dufcclivu. 1:: mi man the
`many, ut’ word line W!) is pmgmmmud in spun: afccader
`551130. while {he address 93‘ word Em; WI i2: pmgmmmcd in
`apart: demdm SD?“ This acidrma Bf Burma] Mini 1an W2 3'51
`pmgrammcfl
`in 9.13am fiscmim Silk am!
`the gtédress a!
`normal mud aim: W3 m gu'ugramnwd in swam: {Ima’xdzar 3m.
`0R. cirmit GU seficcis; mic- a? aim-are ward Einus SWO“.
`SWIG, SW21} 321:1 SW33, and the «111m! sigma! ufffil circuit
`('31 mimtm on: m“ apart wwd Hum SWflL SW“, SW21 and
`SW31.
`When “urinal awn} line W9 is addms’aed. 1m: umpul
`signal ufspar: Licmdaii 3D“ is urivmn inm Ii $1665.55} status,
`and the «wuspui
`(1-? ()8: sirauii (30 is; actiwmi. In {his mam,
`army mime-:55 Eigual bias 39-2 and and acliwiu mu dccwcr
`:(n, and if}: Tamaininé; mw :Iccmiem X) m X3 arr; mgzin“
`mined in a mumfliw 5mm. Thus, :1 mm! 11m: dréving dram}
`incluuud m mw Suwdm' Pit} drives apart weed 1313;: SW01")
`Emu a minded my; in rcspunsu m 1m: {aulpul Sigufl 01‘ OR
`Circuit (30. A? {his tifilt‘. in mm decoder PM. a decade circuit
`pmvidcd wm'sgivndmg up mums! ward Hm: wu is. min-
`minur? in a nan—actixm sum, A5;
`:3 resuiL ciai‘ewive mama}
`ward lint W11 is mpiamcz} with 5mm mud Em: SW45}.
`lfdéfemiw mutual ward tine W1 {5 addresszci, that output
`signal of spam: flectmr $132 mains an {I laws} in a selected
`51am» [he Ouiput signai OF OR cimlil £11 :zlminzs an H level.
`and smart: ward ling SW01 is selected. If defwtévc :10me
`mm]
`lina W2 is 3di§r3$fii§d,
`the cmmu! xiigm} us“ 51mm
`demdw 3133 aliaim. an H lm‘el in a Sclwlcij slain, [he 0:: 1pm
`signai wt" UR circuit (31 mains an 1-) level, am? spam WW3
`liuu $W11 is 51:19am, If duf
`live nurmul ward Em W3 is
`addressed! 1m: uutpuz higua] 01' spare: dccudur 3m aiming; m
`
`H lava} in .1 :zaieczefi $.1ng and 53m: ward line 3W3} Ia
`sulculcd by {312 circuiz. G13 awmciingty. Mart spamming
`Llcfccuve mumal W093 films W1}; W1, W2 and W3 an:
`replaced wilt: spam wort! lines SW90 SWIM, SW]! and
`SW20, rusgeuziwflyn
`In this fluxiblc rtadusazjamty scshemu shows: in HQ” 533 a
`single 5mm wwd Hm: can ht: activnlcd hyan'y {an2 111133121in
`uf 5pm: duwduzg. Ear example? mum ward Eim: 31553“ can
`he drivm mm a saieflcd flute by awn duwdcr 5m} uc SIJL
`A single span: claw-3r um drive any (if a plulaiiiy {if spam
`ward line Emu a SCIIL’CECF} slate. Pm: exzimplz, wan: dccudur
`3200 can min: any 42? «3939:: word 11m; EiWfifL SW13: SW20
`and SW30 imr: a seiccmd Siam Thus, an: 33mm: wt'zréi line: and
`spam ducodw}; L39 am mmmpcmd in “mam—2m: rthiiium and
`thcrcmm Ilsa ware mm! 1111:»: and Spam: dca’séqs can he
`mun: Icfficié‘miy Bliiizid. The number of 5531’s Wimé iinus
`and [be number czfsgan’ row ducmum in a sigh: mummy
`army may he mimmd maViapcmlutu fmm 6:32:30 mum 35 3mg
`:13 lhu numham 3:211?st the fulluwing melanin“:
`LERSM'LM
`
`wherein M is tin: {rumba Gr physical mummy arrays. m the»
`number uf mummy arrays wk!)
`‘ dul‘tcliw nm'mili word
`films: are replaced with swan: wore line-s ainmhuna-ausig R
`the ummhcr a? 25mm mw dccmfiom and I, dw- numhar m“
`33mm wmd 1111ch {In a sings: mummy arm 5‘» Mme upméfimfly
`Mm: is the Qumber (a: mcmmy amtys Maid: arr: Eugiuafly
`indupamflcm fmm CHIC gamma A3 a {mum M-Ijm mprcscnig
`mu numbm of spam mufl 13mm which are iugifiafiy inilc.
`pendent me mm armihcr 3331‘ the unlim mummy. Iiersiim {he
`mgiwlly infiswudcm gum: wmfl firms are 5pm“; ward Bum
`wluciud hydifimwi rm» addresses. For multiple. in HR 53,
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`US 6,233,181 B1
`
`3
`if a mrmal tmrd line insimulmnmnnly gamma in mcmery
`army-s MW and Edi-XE: ancmnry nrrnys. M3“? and MA} are
`[mi lngically indepencicai {mm each wharf. In the arrmggzn
`mum glacrwn 3n Fléi 53. 1A2, Rm}. lei-4 and [nae-L
`By providing a spars: row decoder mmman 2:3 Ingmar}!
`arrays. .1 gm“: 3mm {19% am have Lu b5 prcwificd Ear each
`al‘ Span“: mml lines: whim] can rcstmin [be chin area Tram
`increasing
`This flérlélll‘l': mdunéazity 3:11am: slmwn in HQ}. 53 may be
`employed {3:11 repairing a dcfiwllw column as Well. In
`rwpairing a wféxéiw mlumn, the prwiousiy inanimate? print
`an dnmsmwr Lhwzm‘bzg a madman 0f rcpainng; a nlcfcgiivc
`culumn when: a memary array is (lividfic‘l in!“ A ixlmalily 231'
`aubwaa‘m'fisl “it: (lawman pnflicularly deargtrilew £3112 way {21‘
`Icpniring a dcfcciiw minim} in mulli—dwiécn lcu’I linens in a
`Shamdimnfifi amgélifizzr amngcmcm and in a shares-1 53V
`sachemc.
`fill}, 54 is a whsmniic‘ diagram 0M“: mafiauratiim 6:an
`
`array pm’liun in a smimnflumm mummy d
`a {weanling
`m a wmmniimal llfimblc {Mundane}; schcmm In FIG. 5&3,
`Iwn mummy blanks Mill and MREH 2m: Shawn, Mammy
`blacks Mlli and MBA—l each include a: normal bit iinn pair
`BI. and SBL pww'dw mncfipmlding to mach mummy tall
`
`column and a spat? NI lm: (span: mlnmu) fm ram:
`:9; a
`defective mlumn. ln H411 54‘ {In} spam bit line: 3ncluciezi in
`Elm {spam mhmm £25 um clearly slmwu
`Narnia} bit lines, BL anii 3qu at 1hr;- saint: tirluntan addmés
`in menial-y 10232.5 Mill ancl MBjH sham a 56mm amplil’sfsr
`55A Abit Jim: {inflating gala: [LG is prmvidcd lwlx‘ywn guise
`amplifier SA and memriry hlncks; MW and MEG? Esme
`ampliliur SA in. mane-card m an inmmal data line pair M)
`thmugll an IQ gale 106 which wnduum in (capeusfi 113 a
`ccvlumn Mleciing $321531 Y5 {mm mlamm cicada Y. fl.
`nwmwy {Whack including a ‘ Iccwd memory cell (MBE, it»:
`
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`wxampln) la $1199.me m l
`__ a amplifier SA anci aim is. mad
`mu llmmfmm. In l‘nii c9562,
`:3 nrsmxfilacmxl mamnry {flack
`(Mllhl) is dimmncucd Imm mum amplil‘m: 59..
`In the ahcvvncscritmtl nimrmkwnsa amplifim
`arrange—mum a étfccu'vc cnlumn Mldrazas
`[Eil’fil be [my
`grammcd fat each of dzfccvs in nannnl bit lines, in x singln
`:numegwry hlcml‘: 65:31:1an Matting lines (Y5 lines} am} mm:
`amplifiers; SA. Fm n nmmal bil lint: dtrl'ech the {Isfamlw
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`(ice-lama nddms fr; ymgrammud an a memm} Dwain b' “' ‘.
`
`13th n muse amplifier fluvial. the: d¢f€CliVC culunlu 3&4}th
`an programmed is: K”: 1:5": 21 $33303 whumn for each nf mamar}:
`Macks Mlli wd MIKE—i which sham {his dare-mm wnsc
`amplifier, Fm a mlnmn admiring lint: {VS lint} {infant the:
`ulefuctix’c mlumn warm is. pmgrammud fur each (ta? the
`mmumy I'm-c155, wmmclml m llxih Lulumu winning 31m: {Y3
`line).
`Al the lime {if greygamming. in male-r to use- 3 single:- spare
`mlumn dcwém E13? 2; animal bit line dclkm, a 5mm: ampli—
`liar MW! and n mlumn selecting lim‘: {Y3 aim} defect,
`"Dan'l cum" i3 przigrarnmad 31 this [imu nl' gaggmmméng a
`Llefwliw column azidmss, an adtlmss l0 spacify 3 mcmmy
`black is inwlidaied, anti Egan: mlumnss an: triplazcd nimui‘
`lanccmsly in a: plflrallly nf mammary; Hacks.
`In 11w pmvinusly mmficzmd ducumcnn a éefcclivc mw is
`mpaircil by replacing the defiamivc row with a, 5:1an ward
`line pmvideé Willis: 3 mummy array including that alai‘rrfiw
`mw. Thug, 2: 351a“: ward hm must lw provided for each gaf
`
`memmry arrays.‘ and in:
`taxl’ii mud Kim-:5 an: not smacmly
`tniilixcrd‘ If a :ln‘fcmiw: minimal ward line. in mm mummy
`army is ruplacml will; a Spare ward linu in annihm‘ mummy
`arrayfl Ihc utmlmi {if SE22 memmy army related circui'is will bi:
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`wnmliealml. and m:
`(1m; 5uch arrangcmeagl anus! he
`Maiden am! is m: cmsidmd at all
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`In repairing a éci‘tafivc column, :1 3pm: cnlumn is pram
`Vidal fur cad“! and“ memory blacks, and spam mlumns an:
`similarly nut clficianlly used. Allhrwgh the sham] he}
`5:111:er2 Ema hum muaidmed for
`internal data line
`arrangement, me W21};
`to repair a defectivu ialumn in a
`memmry array having; a le-calfglmml hicrarahiml data Hm
`arrangement maid in a recent blmkqlividtzd arr: , gcmrcm has
`never been ccmsiflmefi.
`Mtanwhfic,
`in a annwnmnal LTMUS (Cnniylitnmmy
`MOS) type wwimnjucmr device. the 512:; (:95 wwwnenm
`(MOS transmnr: insulafiafi gait; type field «3222:! Ecans’atur} it;
`mama-:1 m Encrcaséé: (hr: Lazagmnim dcmsity‘ ln nrdzsr in assure,
`the mlialallity 1’3le cnmpnnnms thus mininmriwfi anti m
`(alum; ll“: curmnl mmsnmasd by the: drum; (invite, Elm pmwr
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`supgxly walzagc in milusscd. in cmlcrm allaw inc umnwu‘m’
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`m ape-ram 31 :1 high spcfid. this llircslmld w’imgfi [if 1116' Mk" V
`transismr mum l‘ar: haven‘t! depending upmx Ila; wwm apply
`voltage “mix is because if 111-: radix) of 1m; Iéircshnld voltage
`in the pawn: Rupiah; wing: is large, the transiéifm timing an“
`the. MUS trum'mm {U 113:: an 31:11:: its delayuw ll; hawtwn {he
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`absnluw Vélfli:
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`the-51191:! 163mg: animal in flaw lhmugh the SIDE. madam
`ion ““le ihu Mfl‘} Iransiéamr i5 [umvsd of? invxcm571hi5
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`is liar "In? fnliawlng maxim Thu: thin-shalt} vintage: ié-f ilffillfial
`as the gatevmufira vantage m ulluw .1 preacn‘lmi drain current
`It! flaw,
`in an Irrizauml MUS iramistun it the “22135th
`Vintage is kswm'nxL I'm: admin current-gate valiaga Gharaéwa
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`islic cunt» ; .ifls toward {he negative dimminnl The sub-
`tlmtnhulil aims}: in mprficmml by Wu currcm value when]
`gnu:
`\mlmgfi V33:
`in aha uhixrsmttsrimic curve is. 5W; and
`tlwmlhm Ihc subvlhmhuld mm: m incmamés 33 [he liarcahuld
`Millage is luwawd,
`the: ambient
`When the semiuéraducim device npcruten,
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`lumpcmlum lllCTi:
`s, anii (he ‘
`salute wing; 0f the thresh-
`old mliagu af ma WES tram.
`NT in luwurczi rtrwhing in
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`man: mrin
`l}-ll'52‘efé§li‘1ld «:mmnl lczkkaga When {E195 32m
`thrmlmld 1c haga current inc‘rwma the DC current 0f fiat.
`2min: large 36:11.: knicgraicd elm“ increaaes, 21ml pal‘iirlu‘
`lady in n dynamig type; sainticcmdumm memmy {Eula-2, the:
`numb}; cumzfm (cuacni consunmd in a sund«by stakes}
`inflow-cs,
`In llrillfl’ m wartime: Lin: Suhall‘lmfil’mld leakage »::urr<:mw 2L
`mulli~thwshfi§dwvulla§w (Z’MUS arrangumwt 3:»: :mpéizycd.
`Hi}. 55 L‘ a diagram slimming a convenimnal muln‘
`llxrcvshvlclvmhaga CMQ$ armngcmtinl by way gal
`iliuzfira—
`mm. in FIG 53,1l1m: an: garm'idwl a main ptawqrr supply lim
`WE Irsmsmifling a imwm 33mph: mlmgc Via; 2 wh~gmwur
`supply lim: 9% muffled 5:: main mwcr sugaply line W2
`ll‘uuugll a pfihauut‘i MUS Il‘ausifiuu 903, a main gmuag‘d km;
`906 transmltling a ground voltage: Vsm and a subgmnud
`line was wagécsd in main gmuml
`line 9615 thrnugh :m
`n-Cha nnul £1405 Hamifiim 510?, MGS Iransislor 5303 caudmis
`wlmn 3m saliva: Ears nigmt} 5233?? is at an l,_ lava? while: M663
`immixmr 91W magnet»; when am mlivaiiun Sign} 135M? is
`at an if lawl, MUS [faxflslum 9413 and 907 {zégcéi
`l V6 51
`relnliW-ly high ihmslmld x-‘ullage (high—Vim. The iniémal
`circuit upcmta‘s, Mil: a wing fwm mm n? pnwar apply
`limes 902311;} @304 and a voltage from (mu: ulkgmund 112mm 906
`and 998 119ml an bail] apemliun pnwcr supply voltagen. In
`FIG. 55. as; five internal cirtuilg 111m: Huge, cascaded inverter
`circuits 9W1. 91412 and 9146 m: shuwn Inverter airmail
`9140 imludcn a gwhmmel MOS transistor PQ having a
`source coupled in main pnwcr mpply km 9112 and an
`(ll-channel b.4108 grandam NC) having a mum: amplecl m
`grmmd lim: WIS. :‘m input signal IN is pmvitlcé in mmman
`(u “m gains; in“ MUS melsmm FL! and N0. [maul signal [DJ
`is set m an L 15%;] m 31 Qand‘hy cycle.
`
`4o
`
`40
`
`

`

`US 6,233,181 B1
`
`5
`Invamr circuit 9144‘: magmas. using vraimgcs m1 sub-s
`paws; suppéy lint: 13% anti main grounif litre 9% as hath
`cmpcrmjon pnwcrsupply mlmges. lnvcricr circuii 914C aparx
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`Me» with mlmgzzs us: mam pcwsr supply 2m ME sud i
`sub-gmum] 12's:
`9&8 as [39th mpurznim paws; suppiy mm
`agcs. MUS Emusvsims P13 and N0 in web of £11m; iavcriisr
`circuits; ”Na in 9146’ him:
`[he absoluh: minim 91’
`lhe
`lhmshulct v-nimgrzs sax sui’ficienily smail {litwwfi'ih}. The
`upswing: {’15 [kt circun. shown in FIG. 55 will 13:: now
`dcscribed Willi [rif'cmmx {:3 FIG. 56.
`In A ssaw‘hy cychs, inpui signal {N is set In an I hive}.
`{i‘nutml signal @AifT is 51‘, an L level: and quucxl signal
`{LPAC‘T is a! at: U ‘m’ai (Vex: law” In invertztf uirwzaix Mai/3‘
`MOS lrausiswi 9Q {Miss us}, (in: mum: and mm 'Ehttfl‘t}? am
`at the same V‘fliifigfi Magi, and mefinm 11C: curmm is aliawmd
`la flaw. Meanwhilaz. 3:102? transislur N0 is prmiciecfi with
`inpul sigma IN a! the gmufld vmllagu; {um/sari at its gate and is
`in an 011' mm HQWCV‘CL the sub thrissahnld leakage slums}:
`allnwcd in firm thrmigh MOS lmusimnr 911’! if: :m an}? slat:
`is sdfiaficmly Ftduwd, lmcaum {he lhmshuki “31mg: uf [ha
`transistor 90‘? is high. As a rcsull, 1hr: sub-Ihmfihulfia gamut
`is reciucml Wet: if m: thrashuld whsge car MOS trsusisécvr
`NQ is smali Thc Sulfi—thmshuld Curran! alkawud in flow
`thrcmgh MGS 3mnsimw $07 muses the, mung“ have? rm
`sub-ground fine 903 m be: highfit than lhe wand *éciilage:
`iwcl, an that {his g3m~wum€ mgiuu uf MUS {musisiflt 3Q
`in Emerita circa}; 914;; is sat in a reverse bias state, and its
`sub-lhwsmld cum“:‘ I is further reduced.
`In inwrlur drcuh 914?}, 1m: input signal is at an H lover},
`anti MOS tmnsisim NC! is lumed uni the: swim and drain
`ehmuf am at
`this same wing»: (we! and maxim: (10 sub
`lhmslwld mug; shaman is. gunmalxzd. Magnwlliic,
`p-L‘hanml MOS Hansisior PC) is providw with a signal at
`pcwwcr suppiy Vfllifigs’; VL‘E level at
`its gum lu aliuw sub,
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`mmEmld leakage in! am: is [lam {liwxxruxrcri Si
`7‘13 WEE
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`transismr 903 is if: am (if? sums 3m] MUS maria in: EEG is a
`high-Vm Irwsiamr,
`(hf: submwsimld leakagc current
`is
`sufficmmly resig‘amedv ‘i‘h‘us, tin: sub—ltu‘csbmld [sakagrz cur—
`rent in inwrbar Circuii 91-1-3} is rfisiramcd. The subsihms‘anld
`leakagit currczli at" MOS transistor 903 causes [ht wilagm
`iuml {If sub—pom” swat}; Iiuc 904 m be Jaws; than mwnzr
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`supply miiagc- Var, mid the gum—mums rt}; 3;: m’ MOS
`Imus-isle” H) is rm’crsiédiy biased in Silvana? dram; 9141?,
`film wh—chslkéld lualags current M which 18 funhcr
`mszmiuud. Similarly i0 inverts: Circuii am. {hi sub:
`mwshcfid leakage cummi
`is rcsltainvd in inverter circuit
`(314:;
`When gm active, 63min: «s started, mnlmi signal qiikC‘l‘
`5111311125 an H Email, wmml signal S'npflflfl‘ attains au {{1me
`MUS Iransismcs 9311’s and 90'} are Lurmd an. suispumsf
`supply firm 904 is caught} 19 main pfl’v‘c’tfl' supp-1y iim‘. 902,
`and sulhgmund Hm: Q08 is coupled 10 main grasud lira: 996.
`Thus, mesa invaytcr ciswiis 014:; In 9140 am supplicd with
`a Lumen} {mm 2; mrmqmnding pmwr suppkfg limfgmuud
`lirw, Iliuif 105%th i1 ausisiiim uperah: at a high spcud, and
`limit mztpul signals am- Changed “cording 10 :itaiige iii iupni
`signal IN.
`In 1116 power sugplyarimuil arm ugflmmll as shuwa in FIG.
`55‘ since the: legicszi ica‘ci M an input signal in a: stambhy
`cycle:
`is pmvkmfig Emma: a minimum! path is: a rims:
`source We is determinad acmrdingly. If {he 33ng sum: :31“
`inpu! signal 1“» in a stand—by was is