Apple Inc. v. Realtime Data, LLC d/b/a/ IXO
`Cases IPR2016-01365, -01366
`
`!1
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`Ex. 2013
`Page 1 of 145
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`

`

`Table of Contents
`
`“preloading the boot data into a cache memory” …………3
`“preloading…prior to completion of initialization of 

`the central processing unit” ……………………………..…68
`‘963 Patent’s Claim 18 ……………………………………..89
`“preloading boot data, in compressed form…from a 

`boot device into a cache memory” ……………………….111
`“a plurality of encoders are utilized to provide the
`compressed boot data” ……………………………………121
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`

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`“preloading the boot data into a cache
`memory”
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`Ex. 2013
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`
`
`United States Patent
`um
`um Patent No;
`US 7.181.608 HZ
`Fallon et at.
`:45; Date of Patent;
`Feb. 20. 2007
`
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`COMPRESSlON n CACHE
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`MAIN OH EXPANSlON COMPUTER BUS
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`APPLE 1001
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`ENGINE III
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`BUS INTERFACE
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`!4
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`Ex. 2013
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`US 7,181,608 B2
`
`(1:
`
`10
`
`15
`
`
`
`27
`set of decoders, or a sequential set of decoders correspond-
`ing to the extracted compression type descriptor. The decod—
`ers D1 .
`.
`. Dn may include those lossless encoding tech-
`niques currently well known within the art, including: run
`length, Huffman, Lempel-Ziv Dictionary Compression,
`arithmetic coding, data compaction, and data null suppres-
`sion. Decoding techniques are selected based upon their
`ability to elIectively decode the various dilIerent types of
`encoded input data generated by the data compression
`systems described above or originating from any other
`desired source.
`As with the data compression systems discussed in US.
`Pat. No. 6,195,024, the decoder module 165 may include
`multiple decoders of the same type applied in parallel so as
`to reduce the data decoding time. An output data buffer or
`cache 170 may be included for bulTering the decoded data
`block output from the decoder module 165. The output
`buffer 70 then provides data to the output data stream. It is
`to be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the data
`compression system 180 may also include an input data
`counter and output data counter operatively coupled to the
`input and output, respectively, ofthe decoder module 165. In
`this manner,
`the compressed and corresponding decom—
`pressed data block may be counted to ensure that suflicicnt
`decompression is obtained for the input data block.
`Again, it is to be understood that the embodiment of the
`data decompression system 180 ofFlG. 10 is exemplary of
`a preferred decompression system and method which may
`be implemented in the present invention, and that other data
`decompression systems and methods known to those skilled
`in the art may be employed for providing accelerated data
`retrieval in accordance with the teachings herein.
`Although illustrative embodiments have been described
`herein with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to
`be understood that the present invention is not limited to
`those precise embodiments, and that various other changes
`and modifications may be afiected therein by one skilled in
`the art without departing from the scope or spirit of the
`invention. All such changes and modifications are intended
`to be included within the scope of the invention as defined
`by the appended claims.
`What is claimed is:
`1. A method for providing accelerated loading of an
`operating system, comprising the steps of:
`maintaining a list ofboot data used for booting a computer
`system;
`initializing a central processing unit of the computer
`system;
`preloading the boot data into a cache memory prior to
`completion of initialization of the central processing
`unit of the computer system, wherein preloading the
`boot data comprises accessing compressed boot data
`from a boot device; and
`servicing requests for boot data from the computer system
`using the preloaded boot data after completion of
`initialization of the central processing unit of the com-
`puter system, wherein servicing requests comprises
`accessing compressed boot data from the cache and
`decompressing the compressed boot data at a rate that
`increases the effective access rate of the cache.
`2. The method of claim 1, wherein the boot data com-
`prises program code associated with one of an operating
`system of the computer system, an application program, and
`a combination thereof.
`3. The method of claim 1, wherein the preloading is
`performed by a data storage controller connected to the boot
`device.
`
`28
`4. The method of claim 1, further comprising updating the
`list of hoot data.
`5. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of updating
`comprises adding to the list any boot data requested by the
`computer system not previously stored in the list.
`6. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of updating
`comprises removing from the list any boot data previously
`stored in the list and not requested by the computer system.
`7. A system for providing accelerated loading of an
`operating system of a host system comprising:
`a digital signal processor (DSl’) or controller;
`a cache memory device; and
`a non-volatile memory device, for storing logic code
`associated with the D81’ or controller, wherein the logic
`code comprises instructions executable by the DSP or
`controller for maintaining a list of boot data used for
`booting the host system, for preloading the compressed
`boot data into the cache memory device prior to
`completion of initialization of the central processing
`unit of the 110st system, and for decompressing the
`preloaded compressed boot data, at a rate that increases
`the efi'ective access rate ofthe cache, to service requests
`for boot data from the host system after completion of
`initialization of the central processing unit of the host
`system.
`8. The system of claim 7, wherein the logic code in the
`non-volatile memory device further comprises program
`instructions executable by the DSP or controller for main-
`taining a list of application data associated with an applica-
`tion program; preloading the application data upon launch-
`ing the application program. and servicing requests for the
`application data from the host system using the preloaded
`application data.
`9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
`maintaining a list of application data associated with an
`application program;
`preloading the application data into the cache memory
`prior to completion of initialization of the central
`processing unit of the computer system, wherein pre-
`loading the application data comprises accessing com-
`pressed application data from a boot device; and
`servicing requests for application data from the computer
`system using the preloaded application data after
`completion of initialization of the central processing
`unit of the computer system, wherein servicing requests
`comprises accessing compressed application data from
`the cache and decompressing the compressed applica-
`tion data.
`10. The method of claim 1, further comprising a data
`compression engine for compressing, wherein the compress-
`ing provides the compressed boot data and the data com-
`pression engine provides the compressed boot data to the
`boot device.
`11. The method of claim 1, wherein the decompressing is
`provided by a data compression engine.
`12. The method of claim 1, further comprising a data
`compression engine for compressing, wherein the compress-
`ing provides the compressed boot data, the data compression
`engine provides the compressed boot data to the boot device,
`and the decompressing is provided by the data compression
`engine.
`13. The method of claim 1, wherein the compressed boot
`data is accessed via direct memory access.
`14. The method of claim 1, wherein l—lufi'man encoding is
`utilized to provide the compressed boot data.
`15. The method of claim 1, wherein Lempel-Ziv encoding
`is utilized to provide the compressed boot data.
`30
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`3O
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`40
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`50
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`6O
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`What is claimed is:
`
`1. A method for providing accelerated loading of an
`operating system; comprising the steps of:
`maintaining a list of boot data used for booting a computer 45
`
`system;
`initializing a central processing unit of the computer
`
`system;
`preloading the boot data into a cache memoQ prior to
`completion of initialization of the central processing 50 I
`unit of the computer system wherein preloading the
`.
`boot data comprises accessing compressed boot data
`l
`from a boot device; and
`l
`servicing requests for boot data from the computer system
`using the preloaded hoot data after completion of 55 1
`initialization of the central processing unit of the com-
`IIIII‘
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`7. A system for providing accelerated loading of an
`sression
`y other 10 operating system of a host system comprising:
`a digital signal processor (DSP) or controller;
`a cache memory device, and
`in US.
`a non-volatile memofl device, for storing logic code
`include
`associated with the DSP or controller, wherein the logic
`lel so as
`code comprises instructions executable by the DSP or
`~ufier or 15
`controller for maintaining a list of boot data used for
`led data
`booting the host system, for preloading the compressed
`: output
`boot data into the cache memory device prior to
`1m. It is
`:he data Mn of initialization of the central processing
`)ut data 20
`unit of the host system, and for decompressing the
`d to the
`preloaded compressed boot data, at a rate that increases
`: 165. In
`the effective access rate of the cache, to service requests
`decom-
`for boot data from the host system after completion of
`ufficient
`initialization of the central processing unit of the host
`
`25
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`system.
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`
`
`U 500500093632
`
`(l2) United States Patent
`Hm Patent No;
`US 8.090.936 82
`
`Fallon et al. *Jan. 3. 2012 r45) Date of Patent:
`
`
`SYS'I‘EMS AND METHODS FOR
`ACCELERATEDLOADINGOFOPERA'HXG
`swnus \‘VD wm icmm PROGR-Wls‘
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`James .I. Fallon Armonk. NY (US);
`.lnltn Buck. Oceanside. NY (List. Paul
`I". l’ickel. Bctltpagc. NY tUSt. Stephen
`.l. McI-Lrlain. NewYurlx. NY (US)
`Amignue; Reultime Dina. l.It(T. Amtttnk. NY (US)
`Noricc
`Subject to any dsclaimcr. the term nt'tltis
`patent is extaided or adjusted under ‘5
`U S.('. ISM?» b} 286 days
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`US 8,090,936 B2
`
`
`
`27
`such changes and modifications are intended to be included
`within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended
`claims.
`
`What is claimed is:
`l. A method comprising:
`maintaining a list ofboot data used for booting a computer
`system, wherein at least a portion of said boot data is
`compressed by a data compression engine to provide
`said at least a portion of said boot data in compressed
`form, and stored in compressed form on a boot device;
`initializing a central processing unit of said computer sys-
`tem;
`preloading said at lea st a portion of said boot data in corn-
`pressed form from said boot device to a memory;
`accessing and decompressing said at least a portion ofsaid
`boot data in said compressed form from said memory;
`and
`utilizing said decompressed at least a portion of said boot
`data to boot said computer system, wherein said at least
`a portion of said boot data is decompressed by said data
`compression engine.
`2. The method of claim 1, wherein said decompressed at
`least a portion of said boot data comprises program code
`associated with an operating system ofsaid computer system.
`3. The method of claim 1; wherein said decompressed at
`least a portion of said boot data comprises program code
`associated with an application program of said computer
`system.
`4. The method of claim 1; wherein said decompressed at
`least a portion of said boot data comprises program code
`associated with an application program and an operating sys-
`tem of said computer system.
`5. The method of claim 1, wherein said preloading is per-
`formed by a data storage controller connected to said boot
`device.
`6. The method of claim 1, further comprising updating the
`list of boot data.
`7. The method of claim 1; wherein Huffman encoding is
`utilized to provide said at least a portion of said boot data in
`said compressed form.
`8. The method of claim 1, wherein Lempel-Ziv encoding is
`utilized to provide said at least a portion of said boot data in
`said compressed form.
`9. The method of claim 1, wherein a plurality of encoders
`are utilized to provide said at least a portion of compressed
`data in compressed form.
`10. The method of claim I, wherein a plurality of encoders
`in a parallel configuration are utilized to provide said at least
`a portion of said data in compressed fonn.
`l l. A system comprising:
`a processor;
`a memory; and
`a non—volatile memory device for storing logic code asso-
`ciated with the processor, wherein said logic code com-
`prises instructions executable by the processor for main-
`taining a list of boot data used for booting the host
`system, at least a portion of said boot data is stored in
`compressed form in said non—volatile memory device,
`said at least a portion of said boot data in compressed
`form is preloaded into said memory, and said preloaded
`at least a portion of boot data in compressed form is
`decompressed and utilized to boot said computer sys-
`tem; 2md
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
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`
`40
`
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`55
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`
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`28
`a data compression engine for providing said at least a
`portion of said boot data in compressed form by com-
`pressing said at least a portion of said boot data and
`decompressing said at least a portion ofsaidboot data in
`compressed form to provide said decompressed at least
`a portion of boot data.
`12. The system of claim 11. wherein said logic code further
`comprises program instructions executable by said processor
`for maintaining a list of application data associated with an
`application program,
`13. The system of claim 11, wherein said logic code further
`comprises program instructions executable by said processor
`for maintaining a list of application data associated with an
`application program, and wherein said application data is
`preloaded upon launching the application program and uti—
`lized by said computer system.
`14. The system of claim 11, wherein Huffman encoding is
`utilized to provide said at least a portion of said boot data in
`compressed form.
`15. The system of claim 11, wherein Lempel—Ziv encoding
`is utilized to provide said at least a portion of said boot data in
`compressed form.
`1 6. The system of claim 11; wherein a plurality ofencoders
`are utilized to provide said at least a portion of said boot data
`in compressed form.
`17. The system of claim 11; wherein a plurality ofencoders
`in a parallel configuration are utilized to provide said at least
`a portion of said boot data in compressed form.
`18. A method ofpreloading an operating system for boot-
`ing a computer system comprising:
`storing substantially all of the operating system in com-
`pressed form on a boot device;
`prcloading a first portion of the substantially all of the
`operating system from said boot device to a memory;
`accessing and decompressing the first portion from the
`memory using a data compression engine;
`utilizing the decompressed first portion to partially boot
`said computer system;
`responsive to a request, locating a second portion of the
`substantially all of the operating system using a boot
`data list and prcloading the second portion from the boot
`device to the memory;
`accessing and decompressing the second portion from the
`memory using the data compression engine; and
`utilizing the decompressed second portion to further par-
`tially boot said computer system.
`19. The method of claim 18, wherein the preloading is
`performed by a data storage controller connected to the boot
`device.
`20. The method of claim 18; further comprising updating
`the boot data list.
`21. The method ofclaim 18, wherein Huffman encoding is
`utilized to obtain the substantially all of the operating system
`in compressed form.
`22. The method of claim 18, wherein Lempel-Ziv encoding
`is utilized to obtain the substantially all of the operating
`system in compressed form.
`23. The method of claim 18, wherein a plurality of encod—
`ers are utilized to obtain the substantially all of the operating
`system in compressed form.
`24. The method of claim 18. wherein a plurality of encod—
`ers in a parallel configuration are utilized to obtain the sub—
`stantially all of the operating system in compressed form.
`*
`*
`5‘
`*
`
`*
`
`!9
`
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`
`

`

`:ngc3321 03;:
`13
`
`ompressed at 30
`rogram code
`.perating sys-
`
`)ading is per-
`,to said boot 35
`
`; updating the
`
`1 encoding is
`lboot data in 40
`
`v encoding is
`1 boot data in
`
`y of encoders 45
`F compressed
`
`111 El parallel CODllgUI'ElIIOD are Ullllze! l0 prov1!e $31! 8' leasl
`a portion of said boot data in compressed form.
`18. A method of preloading an operating system for boot-
`in acom uters stem com risin :
`g
`p
`y
`p
`g
`storing substantially all of the operating system in com-
`pressed form on a boot device;
`preloading a first portion of the substantially all of the
`operating system from said boot device to a memory;
`accessing and decompressing the first portion from the
`memory using a data compression engine;
`utilizing the decompressed first portion to partially boot
`said computer system;
`responsive to a request; locating a second portion of the
`substantially all of the operating system using a boot
`data list and preloading the second portion from the boot
`device to the memory;
`accessing and decompressing the second portion from the
`memory using the data compression engine; and
`utilizing the decompressed second portion to further par-
`tially boot said computer system.
`19. The method of claim 18; wherein the preloading is
`
`
`
`!10
`
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`
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`
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`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Feb. 20. 2007
`
`Sheet 8 of 13
`
`US 7.l8|.608 Bz
`
`BOOT PROCESS
`COMPLETE
`
`H
`
`
`
`? YES
`
`STORE LIST
`
`FIG. 7a
`
`!11
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`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb. 20, 2007
`
`Shaw 9 or I3
`
`US 7.181.608 B:
`
`75
`
`A
`
`
`POWER-UP
`0R SYSTEM
`
`RESET
`YES
`
`76
`
`77 RETRIEVE 8. READ LIST
`
`PREFETCH DATA BLOCKS
`SPECIFIED IN LIST
`
`8
`
`7
`
`COMMENCE BOOT PROCESS
`
`79
`
`RECEIVE READ REQUEST
`FOR BOOT DATA
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`REQUESTED
`BOOT DATA
`PRELOADED
`l’
`-
`
`SERVICE REQUEST USING
`PRELOADED BOOT DATA
`
`84
`
`
`
`N0
`
`RETRIEVE REQUESTED BOOT
`
`DATA FROM BOOT DEVICE
`
`3
`
`UPDATE LIST TO INCLUDE
`BOOT DATA NOT PREVIOUSLY
`SPECIFIED IN LIST
`
`FIG. 7b
`
`12
`
`ouame BOOT
`9
`“03555
`
`
`
`UPDATE LIST TO EXCLUDE
`BOOT DATA NOT PREVIOUSLY
`SPECIFIED IN LIST
`
`
`
`!12
`
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`
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`
`

`

`'Ihen. u m each subs
`uent ower-mL/reset ('aflinnative
`result in meg 75 L the data storage controller would retrieve
`an reza
`t to stored list (step 76) and pureed to preload the
`bout data specified un the ltsl tie. the data associated with
`the expected .(lalit requests) mtn the unhnard cache memory
`(step 77).
`ll 15 IU be understood that the depending uu the
`rcsouu‘es of the given system (eg. memmy. etc).
`the
`preloadiug process may be emltpleted prior to cmnmence-
`ment of the boot pmcess. or mntinued after the boot process
`beginzs (in which case booting and pneloading are performed
`
`
`
`simultaneously).
`
`‘
`
`NO
`
`A
`
`75
`
`POWERUP
`OR SYSTEM
`RESET
`7
`
`YES
`
`76
`
`77 RETRIEVE & READ UST
`
`\
`
`PREFETCH DATA BLOCKS
`SPECIFIED |N LIST
`
`78
`
`COMMENCE BOOT PROCESS
`
`79
`
`RECEIVE READ REQUEST
`
`
`
`
`
`FOR BOOT DATA -
`
`
`!13
`
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`Page 13 of 145
`
`

`

`'Ihen. upon each subsequent pcvwer—ou/reset ('aflinnative
`result in step 75). the data storage controller would retrieve
`and read the stored list tstL 76) and pn'tcccd to preload the
`bout data specified un the list tie. the data associated with
`the expected .(L'Jlit requests) into the onhnard cache memory
`(step 77).
`It 15 IL) be uuderaluud that the oJcpeudtug~ mt the
`rcsoumcs of the given system (eg. mcmmy. etc).
`the
`preloadiug process may be cmttpleted prior to commence-
`ment of the boot pmcess. or mntinued after the boot process
`bcgims (in which case booting and pneloading are performed
`
`
`
`simuItanemtst).
`
`‘
`
`NO
`
`A
`
`75
`
`POWER’UP
`on SYSTEM
`RESET
`7
`
`YES
`
`76
`
`77 RETRIEVE & READ UST
`
`\
`
`PREFETCH DATA BLOCKS
`SPECIFIED IN LIST
`
`78
`
`COMMENCE BOOT PROCESS
`
`79
`
`RECEIVE READ REQUEST
`
`
`
`
`
`FOR BOOT DATA -
`
`
`!14
`
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`
`

`

`'Ihen. upon each subsequent pcvwer—ou/reset ('aflinnative
`result in step 75). the data storage (:mttroflcr would retrieve
`and read the stored list tstcp 76) and proceed to preload thc
`bout data 5 Cthed an the 1151 tt.c.. the data associated Wllh
`the ex ’cted .datzt rt. nests) into the onhnard cache memorv
`gala-p 77).
`ll 15 IL) be uudcraluud tlmt tlw oJcpcudtug~ mt the
`rcsoumcs of the given system (cg. mcmmy. etc).
`the
`preloudiug process may be cmttpleted prior to commence-
`ment of the boot pmcess. or mntinued after the boot process
`bcgims (in which case boating and pneloading are performed
`
`
`
`simultaneously).
`
`‘
`
`N0
`
`A
`
`75
`
`POWER‘UP
`OR SYSTEM
`RESET
`7
`
`YES
`
`76
`
`77 RETRIEVE & READ UST
`
`\
`
`PREFETCH DATA BLOCKS
`SPECIFIED IN LIST
`
`78
`
`COMMENCE BOOT PROCESS
`
`79
`
`RECEIVE READ REQUEST
`
`
`
`
`
`FOR BOOT DATA -
`
`
`!15
`
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`
`

`

`
`
`
`
`When the boot pmcess begins t. step 78) tie. the storage
`controller is initialized and the system bus reset
`is deas-
`sertedt. the data storage mntmller will receive requests fur
`boot data (step 79). If the host computer issues a request for
`boot dutu that is pro-loaded in the local memory of the data
`storage controller (alfirmative result in step 80). the request
`is immediately serviced using the preloaded hoot dutu (step
`8|). ll'the host computer issues a request for boot data that
`is not preloaded in the local memory of the data storage.
`
`controller (negative detennination in step 80). the controller
`
`-
`
`NO
`
`A
`
`75
`
`POWERUP
`OR SYSTEM
`RESET
`7
`
`76
`
`YES
`
`RETRIEVE & READ LIST
`
`7?
`
`PREFETCH DATA BLOCKS
`SPECIFIED lN LIST
`
`78
`
`COMMENCE BOOT PROCESS
`
`79
`
`RECEIVE READ REQUEST
`
`FOR 3007 DATA -
`
`
`
`
`!16
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`
`

`

`When the boot process bquns Istep 78) l_1.e.. the stomgc
`controller is initialized and the system bus reset
`is deris-
`serted). the dam grunge container will receive requests for
`boot data (step 79). II' the llnst computer issues a guest lbr
`boot data that is
`re-Iuadcd in the Inca] memurv of the data
`
`Storage controller galfirmative result in step 80]. the re_qnext
`i3 immediutcl“ acn’iecd usiu the reloaded boot data file.
`
` “
`
`77 RETRIEVE 81 READ LIST
`
`\
`
`PREFETCH DATA BLOTCKS
`SPECIFIED IN LIS
`
`78
`
`COMMENCE BOOT PROCESS
`
`79
`
`RECEIVE READ REQUEST
`FOR BOOT DATA
`
`
`
`ALL. Il'thc lmst computer issues a rmuest for bout data that
`is not preloaded in the local memory of the data storage
`controller (negative detenninatinn in step 80). the controller
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`SERVICE REQUEST USING
`PRELOADED BOOT DATA
`
`//"‘
`
`!17
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`
`

`

`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`PETITIONER’S REPLY TO PATENT OWNER’S RESPONSE
`
`APPLE INC .,
`Petitioner,
`
`V .
`
`REALTIME DATA LLC,
`Patent Owner.
`
`Case lPR2016-01365
`
`Patent 7,181,608
`
`!18
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`
`

`

`
`
`Proceeding No.2 [PR2016-01365
`Attomey Docket: 39521-0023lPl
`
`anticipation” of anything, let alone “immediate or near-in-time use.” Because the
`
`”608 Patent does not even use these terms to describe preloading, it would be
`
`improper to import them into the term preloading under BRl.
`
`2)
`
`Realtime’s Preloading Construction is
`Examples of Preloading in the ’608 Patent
`
`Inconsistent with
`
`Contrary to BRI, Realtime’s construction improperly excludes examples of
`
`preloading in the ’608 Patent. POR, 3-7, 12-16, 16-26. Specifically, the claims
`
`require preloading boot data prior to completion of initialization of the central
`
`processing unit. The ’608 Patent describes several examples where preloading
`
`occurs prior to completion of initialization because the preloading occurs prior to
`
`system reset or boot. In these examples, the ’608 Patent simply states that preloading
`
`occurs prior to system reset or boot; it does not qualify how far in advance of reset
`
`or boot the preloading occurs. Thus, these examples align with the claim language,
`
`but are not limited to preloading “in anticipation of immediate or near-in-time use,”
`
`is advantageous for the boot device
`
`as advocated by Realtime.
`
`For example, the ”608 Patent explains that “prior to host system reset, the data
`
`storage controller can proceed to pre-Ioad the portions of the computer operating
`
`system from the boot device (e.g., hard disk) into the on-board cache memory.”
`
`”608, 21:45-65.
`
`In this example, “[s]ince the same portions ofthe operating system
`
`must be loaded upon each boot process,
`
`it
`
`!19
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`
`

`

`occurs prior to completion of initialization because the preloading occurs prior to
`
`system reset or boot. In these examples, the ’608 Patent simply states that preloading
`
`occurs prior to system reset or boot; it does not qualify how far in advance of reset
`
`or boot the preloading occurs. Thus, these examples align with the claim language,
`
`but are not limited to preloading “in anticipation of immediate or near-in-time use,”
`
`as advocated by Realtime.
`
`For example, the ’608 Patent explains that “prior to host system reset, the data
`
`storage controller can proceed to pre-load the portions of the computer operating system from the boot device (e.g., hard disk) into the on-board cache memory.”
`
`
`
`’608, 2] :45-65.
`
`In this example, “[s]ince the same portions ofthe operating system
`
`must be loaded upon each boot process,
`
`it
`
`is advantageous for the boot device
`
`
`
`!20!20
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`
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`
`

`

`US 7,181,608 B2
`
`
`
`21
`If orily the PCI Bus and DSP require SDRAM:
`
`PCI Bus Interface
`DSP Accesses
`
`t'A+B)/K
`(A+B)/K
`
`If only the DSP and Disk require SDRAM:
`
`DSP Accesses
`UlLraDMA Drsk Interface
`
`ZA/K
`ZB/K
`
`If only the PCI Bus and Disk require SDRAM:
`
`PCI Bus Interface
`UltraDMA Drsk Interface
`
`ZA/K
`2B/K
`
`It should be noted that the resultant ratios may all be scaled
`by a constant in order to most effectively utilize the band-
`widths of the internal busses and external
`interfaces. In
`addition each ratio can be scale by an adjustment factor
`based upon the time required to complete individual cycles.
`For example if PCI Bus interface takes 20% longer than all
`other cycles, the PCI time slice should be adjusted longer
`accordingly.
`V. Instant Boot Device for Operating System, Application
`Program and Loading
`Typically. with conventional boot device controllers, after
`reset, the boot device controller will wait for a command
`over the computer bus (such as PCI). Since the boot device
`controller will typically be reset prior to bus reset and before
`the computer bus starts sending commands, this wait period
`is unproductive time. The initial bus commands inevitably
`instruct the boot device controller to retrieve data from the
`boot device (such as a disk) for the operating system. Since
`most boot devices are relatively slow compared to the speed
`of most computer busses, a long delay is seen by the
`computer user. This is evident in the time it takes for a
`typical computer to boot.
`It
`is to be appreciated that a data storage controller
`(having an architecture as described herein) may employ a
`technique of data preloading to decrease the computer
`system boot time. Upon host system power-up or reset, the
`data storage controller will perform a self—diagnostic and
`program the progranmrable logic device (as discussed
`above) prior to completion ofthe host system reset (e.g., PCI
`bus reset) so that the logic device can accept PCI Bus
`commands after system reset. Further, prior to host system
`reset, the data storage controller can proceed to pre-load the
`portions of the computer operating system from the boot
`device (eg, hard disk) into the on—board cache memory. The
`data stor