wwwhoresvalisgroupmzom I vwuv;.borouge.com
`
`Dap|oyT"" HMS Polypropylene
`
`for Foam Extrusion
`
`es:-2 7
`Borouge
`K BOREALIS
`SHAPING the FUTURE with PLASTICS
`
`PAGE 1 OF 20
`
`BOREALIS EXHIBIT 1033
`
`

`
`www,borea|isgroup.com I www,borouge.com
`
`About Borealis and Borouge
`
`Borealis and Borouge are leading providers of innovative, value creating
`
`plastics solutions. With more than 40 years of experience in polyolefins
`
`and using our unique Borstar° technology, we focus on the infrastructure,
`
`automotive and advanced packaging markets across Europe, the Middle
`
`East and Asia. Our production facilities, innovation centres and service
`
`centres work with customers in more than 170 countries to provide
`
`materials that make an essential contribution to society and sustainable
`
`development. We are committed to the principles of Responsible Care°
`
`and to leading the way in ‘Shaping the Future with Plastics'T”'.
`
`Borealis is owned 64 % by the International Petroleum Investment
`
`Company (lP|C) of Abu Dhabi and 36 % by OMV, the Austrian oil and
`
`natural gas group. With EUR 5.7 billion revenue in sales in 2006 and
`
`4,500 employees, the company is headquartered in Vienna and has
`
`manufacturing operations in Austria, Brazil, Belgium, Finland, Germany,
`
`Italy, Sweden and the United States. Borealis also has two innovation
`
`centres and customer service centres across Europe.
`
`The company's main products are polyolefins and it produces also nutrients
`
`and base chemicals such as melamine, hydrocarbons, phenol and acetone.
`
`Borouge is a joint venture established in 1998 between Borealis and one
`
`of the world's leading oil companies, the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company
`
`(ADNOC). Its headquarters, counting 830 employees, and its state-of-the-art
`
`world-scale petrochemical complex are located respectively in Abu Dhabi
`
`and Ruwais, the United Arab Emirates. Borouge is currently implementing
`
`a multi—billion dollar expansion at its
`
`Ruwais production facility. The project,
`
`called Borouge2, is due for completion
`
`in 2010 and will triple the company's
`
`polyolefin production capacity.
`
`For more information:
`
`www.borealisgroup.com
`
`www.borouge.com
`
`PAGE 2 OF 20
`
`

`
`Contents
`
`02
`
`04
`
`05
`
`08
`
`09
`
`12
`
`Polypropylene foam
`
`Daploy“ HMS-PP
`
`Foam extrusion process
`
`Daploy HMS-PP blends and foamability
`
`Providing PP foam solutions
`
`Basic material data for
`
`the homopolypropylene HMS - grades
`
`Basic material data for
`
`the random copolymer HMS - grades
`
`Processing guidelines for PP homopolymer
`
`and randomcopolymer HMS - grades
`
`PAGE 3 OF 20
`
`

`
`02 Daploy HMS Polypropylene for Foam Extrusion
`
`Polypropylene foam
`
`Polymeric foams consume around 3.5 million tonnes of plastics materials
`
`annually and account for about 10 % of all polymer usage in Europe. Foamed
`
`polymers are used in a wide number of application areas, which range from
`
`construction, automotive and household products to food and protective
`
`packaging. Among the many benefits of foamed materials are their good
`
`mechanical rigidity at low specific gravity, thermal and acoustic insulation,
`
`cushioning against mechanical shock and a significant contribution to source
`
`reduction in raw material usage.
`
`The foam market is dominated by the amorphous polymers (such as PS, PU
`
`and PVC) which have been industrially foamed for more than 50 years.
`
`Polypropylene (PP) foams are a relative late comer to this market. The reasons
`
`for this lie in the molecular structure — standard PP's are semi-crystalline
`
`materials with a linear molecular structure. They lack the required extensional
`
`rheological properties in the melt phase which are required for the production
`
`of extruded low density foams with a fine and controlled cell structure. This
`
`limitation is resolved by the Borealis Daploy range of High Melt Strength (HMS)
`
`PP products. These are long chain branched materials, which combine both high
`
`melt strength and extensibility in the melt phase. They open up the possibility
`
`of bringing the many well-known property benefits of PP into the world of low
`
`density polymeric foams. These benefits include a wide mechanical property
`
`range, high heat stability, good chemical resistance and no monomer issues. PP
`
`also brings its good environmental credentials to this market.
`
`From a fairly recent and small beginning, the global PP foam market is growing
`
`rapidly (>20 %/year). Current PP foam applications include automotive,
`
`insulation, food and protective packaging. In Europe, the dominant PP foam
`
`applications are in the food packaging and automotive areas.
`
`
`
`
`
` 8Marketslze(Kt/yr) No
`
`Flgum 1 : Global market growth
`for extruded low density PP loam
`
`PAGE 4 OF 20
`
`2006
`
`2007
`
`

`
`Flu uro 2: some cu mint applltlons
`for oxtrudod PP foams
`
`In the case of food packaging, PP foam offers a lightweight packaging
`
`solution with excellent grease/fat resistance (no stress cracking) and with
`
`no issues surrounding its monomer. Its high heat stability means products
`
`are microwaveable, with good thermal insulation giving them a ‘cool touch’
`
`during removal.
`
`Automotive
`
`40-150 kgIm'
`Door liners
`Engine shields
`Root‘/trunk liners
`Impact protection
`
`hulnlon
`
`60-200 kg/m’
`
`Food packaging
`
`200-600 kg/m3
`Food trays
`Fruit tray:
`Tableware
`
`Protective pnehghg
`
`70-200 kglm’
`
`PP foam
`applications
`
`In automotive applications, lightweight foam solutions are helping to improve
`
`vehicle performance and fuel efficiency. With increasing pressure for
`
`end-of-life vehicle recycling, mono-material solutions are being sought and,
`
`with PP becoming a preferred polymer, recyclable foamed PP solutions are a
`
`logical next step. PP foams have an excellent moisture barrier and chemical
`
`resistance which are important for durability and functionality in the presence
`
`of hot oil, grease or fuel. Its high heat stability also opens up the possibility
`
`for under the bonnet applications. PP foams also have very good cushioning
`
`properties, thereby contributing to improved driver and passenger safety.
`
`As a leading PP supplier, Borealis is committed to supporting the
`
`development of the extruded PP foam market through its Daploy HMS PP
`
`products and by offering PP foam solutions.
`
`PAGE 5 OF 20
`
`

`
`M Daploy HMS Polypropylene for Foam Extrusion
`
`Daploy HMS-PP
`
`The basic extensional rheological properties of the long branched Daploy
`
`HMS-PP products are shown in figure 3, in comparison to those of standard
`
`linear PP's. The window in the high melt strength and extensibility area of this
`
`graph defines the requirements for a high performance foaming grade. With
`
`such long chain branched polymers, it is possible to produce very low density
`
`(20 - 50 kg/m‘’) extruded PP foams which possess a fine and controlled closed
`
`cell structure. This is not possible with standard linear PP's or modified
`
`materials which fall outside the critical high performance foaming window.
`
`High performance
`foaming window
`
`Figure 3: Enenelonal rheology curve:
`tor linear PP’: and Daploy HMS
`
`Drawdown velocity (mm/s)
`
`Daploy HMS-PP products can be blended with the full range of standard PP
`
`extrusion grades and other polyolefinic products. This offers the opportunity
`
`to widely tailor the foam properties to meet the particular demands of the
`
`end-use application. Furthermore, Daploy HMS-PP products are specifically
`
`designed to be suitable for processing on most types of existing industrial
`
`foaming equipment.
`
`Daploy HMS-PP products and their blends are not crosslinked. This means
`
`that extruded PP foams produced from them are fully recyclable, an
`
`increasingly important environmental demand within the polymer industry.
`
`PAGE 6 OF 20
`
`

`
`Foam extrusion process
`
`The first steps in the foaming process (polymer feeding and melting) are
`
`common to all extrusion processes. However, three later stages are specific
`
`and critical to the process, as illustrated in figure 4.
`
`These three specific steps in the foam extrusion process comprise of
`
`(al dissolving of a blowing agent gas in the polymer melt
`
`(b) cell nucleation
`
`(cl cell growth and stabilization
`
`In order to perform these additional steps, foaming extruders are longer
`
`than standard types, typically with an overall L/D ratio > 40, in either a single
`
`or tandem extruder configuration.
`
`High pressure gas
`
`a
` |III‘_IE.
`
`Mixinu/ Cooling
`Polymer-gas
`Call
`solution
`nucleation
`
`Call growth
`and stabiilrration
`
`Figure 4: Schematic Illustration of processing
`steps in loam extrusion -
`tilroct gas inioctlonlannular din
`
`Polymer-gas solution
`
`A blowing agent is introduced into the polymer melt either by direct gas
`
`injection (physical foaming) or by decomposition of an added chemical
`
`blowing agent (chemical foaming). In both cases, a key requirement for a
`
`uniform and controlled cell structure is a homogenous polymer-gas solution.
`
`This is controlled by two factors: the solubility of the blowing agent gas in the
`
`polymer and the sorption kinetics. The solubility itself is not the limiting factor
`
`Flu mo 5: Solubility oioommon blowing agent
`gases in PP
`
`for foaming when using the more common industrial
`
`foaming agents: butane and carbon dioxide. With the gas
`
`concentrations typically used in foam extrusion, these
`
`can be quantitatively dissolved with standard extrusion
`
`pressures up to 10 MPa (100 bar). Figure 5 shows the
`
`equilibrium solubility curves for the more common
`
`blowing agent gases in PP.
`
`The achievement of equilibrium solubility is determined by
`
`the sorption kinetics and this is therefore a time dependent
`
`process. This process can be accelerated by raising the
`
`melt temperature and using screw designs which promote
`
`good mixing of the polymer melt and injected gas.
`
`PAGE 7 OF 20
`
`
`
`
`
`Gassolubility(wt%l
`
`PreIs1malMFal
`
`

`
`06 Daploy HMS Polypropylene for Foam Extrusion
`
`Cell nucleation
`
`Control of cell nucleation is crucial to obtaining the desired fine and uniform
`
`cell structure of the final foam. It is a complex area with several, often
`
`interrelated, factors playing a role.The three main factors which influence
`
`the cell nucleation are the pressure drop in the die, the concentration of the
`
`blowing agent and the concentration of the external cell nucleating agent.
`
`The rate of pressure drop at the die is determined by the die geometry.
`
`Higher rates of pressure drop at the die significantly increase the cell density,
`
`irrespective of the concentration of blowing agent gas or external nucleator.
`
`High shear rates are also believed to play a role in promoting cell nucleation.
`
`It has also been established that higher concentrations of blowing agent gas
`
`lead to increased cell density. The addition of external nucleating agents is
`
`the most commonly used method of controlling cell nucleation in the foaming
`
`process. These are basically finely divided and dispersed solid particles leg.
`
`talc), which provide sites for cell nucleation. Figure 6 shows an example of the
`
`influence of these two factors on cell density in the case of PP foamed with
`butane and talc as the nucleator.
`
`iIlII II IIIIIl1
`
`III
`
`I10 wt % butane
`I20 wt 96 butane
`
`l
`
`I
`
`59urco:‘Un1V-I°.'9"!p ‘- Pvi.v_'- P.-fit
`Dle.geome[_Iy’_:4= 0.87 d’: 0‘-.'o_‘IB"
`Dla ternperefine 414096I
`
`Ill
`
`_ _ _ _ __l___
`
`lI
`
`.oO.4
`
`
`
`
`
`Numbercelldensity(cm‘°l
`
`Figure 6: The effect: on cell density of blowing
`agent and nucleating agent concentrations
`
`PAGE 8 OF 20
`
`

`
`Cell growth and stabilization
`
`Melt temperature is one of the most important process parameters in foam
`
`extrusion. In the case of PP foam, depending on the type and concentration
`
`of the foaming agent used, the optimum in melt temperature may vary from
`
`approximately 130°C to 180°C.
`
`When the melt temperature is too low, foaming is limited because the
`
`material solidifies before the cells have the possibility to expand fully. When
`
`the temperature is too high, the foam first expands, then collapses again due
`
`to lack of stabilization of the structure. There is an optimum melt temperature
`
`window for foaming in which lowest densities are achieved; this temperature
`
`is lower than the standard PP melt temperatures (210°C to 240°C). The latter
`
`part of the foam extruder is dedicated to the melt cooling and intimate mixing
`
`of the polymer-gas system.
`
`It is during this part of the process that the Daploy HMS-PP plays its crucial
`
`role. Its high melt strength and extensibility help to control cell growth. By
`
`a ‘strain hardening’ mechanism it prevents rupture of the cell walls and
`
`coalescence, which would otherwise lead to a polymer containing a few
`
`rather large holes in it — far from the desired fine and closed cell structure.
`
`The foam is finally stabilised by a cooling stage before winding. This is
`
`either by means of a calibrating mandrel in the case of an annular die or by
`a conventional roll stack when a flat die is used.
`
`PAGE 9 OF 20
`
`

`
`08 Daploy HMS Polypropylene for Foam Extrusion
`
`Daploy HMS-PP blends and foamability
`
`in order to modify the final foam properties, Daploy HMS-PP's can be blended
`
`with standard extrusion grade PP’s, as will be described in more detail in the
`next section.
`
`An important consideration, however, is the foamability of such blends. When
`
`a long chain branched PP is mixed with a standard PP, it is evident that this
`
`will have a ‘diluting’ effect on the melt strength and extensibility of the blend
`
`compared with that of the pure HMS-PP. This effect is shown in figure 7.
`
`it can be seen, however, that quite high levels (approx. 60 %) of blend partner
`
`can be added before the extensional rheological properties of the blend begin
`
`to fall outside the critical high performance foaming window.
`
`This is further verified in figure 8, where the minimum achievable foam
`
`density is shown as a function of the HMS-PP content in the blend. A wide
`
`range of blend compositions where it is possible to produce low density
`
`(<100 kg/m3) PP foams exist.
`
`So
`
`Densitylkg/m’)88OO
`
`'
`Dlnlov W3l3°HMS
`+ BCZEOMO lblodc copolymer)
`+=.—:—:—.-1-——-=—.t+e-—
`
`'
`
`High performance
`foaming window
`
`'
`
`'
`
`--.,---..--------
`
`100
`150
`200
`Draw down velocity lmmls)
`
`Figure 7: Extensions! rheology curve:
`tor HMS-PPIbIock oopolymor Minds
`
`PAGE 10 OF 20
`
`‘
`
`,_
`
`Source: Univ.Toromo
`Die 2: LID = 0.3"/0.040"
`Die 3: up = 0.5"/0.040"
`Di, tel-“pay-ature = 120-c
`
`--+-..a..p——-——.._-_
`
`:
`-5 wt 36 butane
`-10 wt 36 butane ‘I
`
`DapIoyWB13OHMS (wt 96)
`
`Figure B: Mlnlmum achievable loam density
`3 a function 01 Daploy HMS-PP content of
`the blond
`
`

`
`Providing PP foam solutions
`
`The modification of foam properties is a crucial requirement in order to be able
`
`to produce PP foams with properties that meet the technical performance
`
`demands of particular end-use applications.
`
`The homopolymer based HMS-PP’s can be used pure or blended with
`
`standard homopolymers, providing foams with high stiffness and heat
`
`stability. Enhancements in impact strength and toughness of the foam
`
`can be achieved by using random or heterophasic (block) copolymers as
`
`blend partners. In the case of random copolymers, impact performance
`
`is improved at temperatures above approximately 0°C. If good impact
`
`performance is required at low temperatures (< 0°C) then heterophasic
`
`copolymers should be used.
`
`Further interesting property modifications can be made available by using
`
`Borealis Borsoftm random heterophasic copolymers as blend partners. These
`
`are soft PP’s (tensile modulus ~400 MPa). The blend with these products
`
`provides the opportunity to produce soft PP foams with good impact strength
`
`and toughness at low temperatures. Even softer foams can be obtained
`
`by blending Daploy HMS-PP’s with various polymeric materials such as
`
`metallocene LLDPE's, TPO's and EVA's.
`
`Borealis has recently developed random copolymer based HMS-PP. Blends
`
`with this product family will result in even softer foam and enable their use in
`
`a wide range of existing and newly developed applications.
`
`Blend partner
`
`Homopolymers
`
`Block copolymers
`
`Random copolymers
`
`Borsoft PP’s
`
`m-PE’s, TPO's, EVA’s
`
`Foam property
`modifications
`
`High stiffness
`Poor impact
`
`Low temperature impact
`Reduced stiffness
`
`Improved toughness
`
`Softer foams
`
`Improved toughness
`
`Soft foams
`
`Low temperature impact
`
`Very soft foams
`Low temperatu re impact
`
`Recommended*
`
`Borealis grades
`
`HC600TF, HC205TF
`
`BC250MO, BC240TF, BC245MO
`
`RB501 BF, RA130E, RBZOGMO
`
`Borsoft SA233CF
`
`* For more information and technical data sheets
`
`please consult our webpage www.borea|isgroup.com
`
`Flgure 9: Blend partner types
`and their Influence on foam properties
`
`PAGE 11 OF 20
`
`

`
`10 Daploy HMS Polypropylene for Foam Extrusion
`
`The above general description of HMS blends can be further refined to
`
`provide more quantitative predictions of PP foam properties. This makes use
`
`of various theoretical models for describing foam properties. One of the more
`
`important foam properties is the tensile modulus which is determined by
`
`three basic parameters:
`
`0 Tensile modulus of the compact material
`
`0 Foam density
`
`0 Foam structure
`
`The tensile modulus of the starting (compact) material is determined by the
`
`chosen blend partner and the composition — typically this modulus will be in
`
`the range of 750 to 2,000 MPa. The tensile modulus of the foamed material
`
`will decrease as the density decreases. The third parameter is foam structure
`
`and this relates to factors such as the relative proportions of open and closed
`cells and cell size.
`
`Figure 10 shows experimental data for tensile modulus as a function of
`
`foam density for different Borealis blend partners. The agreement with the
`
`theoretical predictions is good and this provides confidence in the ability to
`
`use this as a quantitative tool.
`
`I 50 wt ‘K: BC250MO
`Q 50 wt % R8501 BF
`0 50 wt % SA233CF
`I
`
`
`
`
`
`Tensilemodulus(MPa)
`
`Figure 10: Experimental data lor the tensile
`modulus of various Deploy HMS-PP blends
`and theoretical curves
`
`400
`Density (kgIm’l
`
`PAGE 12 OF 20
`
`

`
`Similar predictions can be made for other foam properties, for instance,
`
`in the of case thermal insulation. Figure 11 shows the variation of thermal
`
`conductivity with foam density. It can be seen that at low densities (ca. 100
`
`kg/ma) the thermal conductivity is reduced by a factor of about ten, when
`
`compared to compact PP.
`
`Q ESE
`
`.2
`31::
`
`.
`
`8.
`
`5.
`E0
`65
`
`500
`400
`Foam dens.” "(Q/M,’
`
`Flnum 11: Thermal nonductlvlty as 3 luncuon
`of density for PP loam
`
`Borealis has brought together this predictive information in the form of its
`
`‘Daploy foam solution software’. With this tool we are able to rapidly offer
`
`customers and end-users blend proposals for foam solutions that best meet
`
`their needs, see figure 12.
`
`Hum 12: Domonstratlon of 'Daplov Foam
`solution Software‘
`
`PAGE 13 OF 20
`
`

`
`12 Daploy HMS Polypropylene for Foam Extrusion
`
`Basic material data for
`
`the homopolypropylene HMS - grades
`
`Daploy WB130HMS and Daploy WB135HMS
`
`Daploy WB130HMS as well as WB135HMS are propylene-based polymers
`
`where long-chain-branching was induced in a post reactor step.
`
`This treatment results in an enhanced melt strength, improved drawability
`
`and also high stiffness.
`
`Due to these reasons Daploy grades find their way into applications like
`
`light-weight food and protective packaging, automotive applications and
`thermal and acoustic insulation.
`
`Property
`
`MFR 230/2.16
`
`Melt strength
`
`Melting temperature
`
`crystallisation temperature
`
`Thermal conductivity
`
`Flexural modulus
`
`Tensile modulus
`
`Strain at break
`
`Heat deflection temp. A
`
`Heat deflection temp. 3
`
`Vicat A
`
`Vicat B
`
`°C
`
`Charpy impact stress notched +23°C
`
`kJ/m’
`
`Charpy impact stress unnotched +23°C
`
`kJ/m’
`
`Figure 13: Basic data of Daploy WB1:-JG-IMS
`and WB135HMS ltyplcal values)
`
`WB130HMS
`
`WB135HMS
`
`Standard
`
`2.1
`
`34
`
`2.4
`
`31
`
`165
`
`128
`
`ISO 1133
`
`Borealis test method
`
`ISO 11357
`
`ISO 11357
`
`0.20 - 0.23
`
`Borealis test method
`
`1,850
`
`1,950
`
`15
`
`60
`
`ISO 178
`
`ISO 527-2
`
`ISO 527-2
`
`ISO 75-2
`
`ISO 75-2
`
`ISO 306
`
`ISO 306
`
`ISO 179/ 1eA
`
`ISO 179/1eU
`
`PAGE 14 OF 20
`
`

`
`
`
`-‘[‘—.——.——‘t-—___
`
`__ WBISOHMS
`MFR m,,2.o g/10 min
`__ WB135HMS
`MFR ‘WM 2.4 gI10 min - ' - -
`
`Figure 18: PVT diagram
`
`Basic material data for
`
`the random copolymer HMS - grades
`
`Da_p‘|oy WB260HMS
`
`The latest development in this sector is a long-chain-branched random-
`
`copolymer with significantly increased melt strength and improved
`
`drawability of the polymer melt. The advantage of a good foamability
`
`combined with a following thermoforrning step results in various applications
`
`like very soft parts for the automotive sector and construction industry.
`
`PAGE 15 OF 20
`
`

`
`14 Deploy HMS Polypropylene for Foam Extrusion
`
`MFR 230/2.16
`
`Malt Strength
`
`Melting Temperature
`
`Flexural modulus
`Tensile modulus
`
`Strain at break
`
`Heat deflection temp. A
`
`Heat deflection temp. B
`
`charpy impact stress notched +23-'c
`
`Charpy impact stress notched -20°C
`Figure 18: Comparison Daploy
`WB13llHMS vs. WBZGOHMS
`
`MFR 230/2.16
`(:50 1133)
`
`Unit
`
`g/10 min
`
`oN
`
`°C
`
`MP:
`
`"In
`
`°C
`
`‘C
`
`T°"="°Mod.
`use 5274,
`
`Elon . at
`Bree
`(ISO 527-2)
`
`'
`
`NIS +23’C
`“S0 179 16A)
`
`1.0E+05
`.150
`
`Figure 19: comparison Daploy
`WE130HMS vs. WBZGOHMS
`
`Zoaploy WB130HMS
`:.DaployWB 260HMS
`
`--o-----.
`
`Flgure 21: Rheology cernparlson Deploy
`WB130HIVlS vs. wezsonms
`
`PAGE 16 OF 20
`
`Figure 22: Rheotens comparison Daploy
`wimou Ms vs. WBZGOHMS
`
`WBZBOHMS
`
`Method
`
`2.4
`
`26
`
`145
`
`1,000
`
`500
`
`50
`
`12
`
`8
`
`1
`
`ISO 1133
`
`BTM
`
`BTM
`
`ISO 178
`ISO 527-2
`
`ISO 527-2
`
`ISO 75-2
`
`ISO 75-2
`
`ISO 179 1eA
`
`I90 ‘I79 1eA
`
`01IIIk
`
`r-——-
`
`----1——L—fl_—-__ l
`
`----J----- K C
`
`84~--o4—oo-- l
`II
`E9.90
`
`

`
`Processing guidelines for PP homopolymer
`
`and randomcopolymer HMS grades
`
`Daploy HMS-PP's and their blends with standard polypropylenes can be
`
`processed on all types of conventional foam extrusion equipment.
`
`The final foam density and quality will depend not only on the polymer,
`
`blowing agent, processing aids or masterbatches, but also on design
`
`and process settings of the machine.
`
`The following tables offer some general process setting guidelines for
`
`foaming with Daploy HMS-PP, in the cases of chemical foaming with CO2
`
`and physical foaming with CO2 and butane.
`
`WB130HMS
`
`WBZGOHMS
`
`15 - 25
`
`15-30
`
`0.4 - 1.2
`0.15 - 0.30
`
`0.4-1.2
`0.15 - 0.30
`
`150 - 160
`
`170 -180
`
`210 - 220
`
`230 -240
`
`215 - 225
`
`165 - 175
`
`155 - 165
`
`145 - 155
`140 -145
`
`140 -145
`140 -145
`
`140 - 150
`
`70 - 90
`50 - 70
`
`25 -40
`
`15 - 25
`
`2.5 - 4
`
`180 - «:00
`
`"°"" 23‘ """"' '°""'''‘' °'
`Daploy WB13OHMS and wa2eoHMs with co,
`
`Parameter
`
`Mass flow
`
`CO,
`Nucleating agent*
`
`Extruder temperatures:
`- zone 1
`
`- zone 2
`
`- zone 3
`
`- zone 4
`
`- zone 5
`
`- zone 6
`
`- zone 7
`
`cooling extension
`- mixer
`
`- adapter
`- die
`
`Melt temperature
`
`Melt pressures:
`
`- extruder (injection)
`- mixer
`
`- die
`
`Screw speed
`
`Take of!‘ speed
`
`160- 170
`
`180 - 190
`
`200 - 220
`
`220 - 240
`
`220 - 240
`
`220 - 240
`
`180
`
`175 - 180
`175
`
`175 -180
`165-170
`
`165 -170
`
`50 - 80
`40 - 65
`
`30-50
`
`15 - 25
`
`2.5 - 4
`
`120 - 4oo
`Foam density
`Example for single screw 60 mm, annular die
`
`*Hydrocerol° CF20E
`
`PAGE 17 OF 20
`
`

`
`16 Daploy HMS Polypropylene for Foam Extrusion
`
`Parameter
`
`Mass flow
`
`Foaming agent’
`
`Nucleating agent"
`
`Extruder temperatures:
`- zone 1
`
`- zone 2
`
`- zone 3
`
`- zone 4
`
`- zone 5
`
`- zone 6
`
`- zone 7
`
`- die
`
`Melt temperature
`
`Melt pressures:
`- die
`
`Screw speed
`
`3-5
`
`0-2
`
`240
`
`220
`
`180 - 200
`
`180 -200
`
`180
`
`180
`
`180
`
`175 -180
`
`180 - 190
`
`40 - 200
`
`30 - 60
`
`Flgun 24: chemical toamlng
`of Daploy WB130HMS with co,
`
`FIQUIO 252 Physical toamlI19
`at Daplov WB130HMs wlth butane
`
`PAGE 18 OF 20
`
`Take off speed
`Foam density
`Example for single screw 30 mm, flat die
`*Hydrocerol° CF40E , "Hydrocerol° CT516
`
`2.5 - 5
`
`250 - 600
`
`Pa ram eter
`
`Mass flow
`
`Butane
`
`Nucleating agent“ 4 - 1.0
`
`Extruder temperatures:
`- zone 1
`
`- zone 2
`
`- zone 3
`
`- zone 4
`
`- zone 5
`
`- zone 6
`
`- zone 7
`
`- cooling extension
`- die
`
`Melt temperatures:
`
`Melt pressures:
`
`- extruder (gas injection)
`- die
`
`Screw speed
`
`Range
`80-100
`
`4-8
`
`04-10
`
`190-220
`
`220-240
`
`175-200
`
`175- 180
`
`140- 160
`
`140- 150
`
`140-150
`
`140-150
`
`140-150
`
`140-150
`
`40-100
`
`40-100
`
`30-50
`
`Take off speed
`Foal“ density
`Example for twin screw 60 mm, annular die
`
`3-5
`
`30-‘I20
`
`* Hydrocerof’ CT516
`
`

`
`Disclaimer The Information co ntalned herein
`is to our knowledge accurate and reliable
`as of the date oi publication. Boreails and
`Borouge extend no warranties and make
`no representations as to the accuracy or
`completeness of the Information contained
`herein. and assume no responsibility regarding
`the consequenrxs of its use or for any printing
`errors. It is the customer's responsibility
`to inspect and test our products In order
`to satisfy hlmsell as to the suitability oi
`the products for the customer's particular
`purpose. The customer is also responsible
`for the appropriate, safe and legal use.
`processing and handling oi our products.
`Nothing herein shall constitute any warranty
`(express or Implied, oi merdtantabllity,
`iltness for a particular purpose, compliance
`with performance Indicators, conformity
`to samples or models, non-lniringement or
`otherwlsel. nor is protection from any law
`or patent to be inferred. Insolar as products
`supplied by Borealls and Borouge are used In
`conjunction with third-party materials, It is
`the responsibility of the customer to obtain
`all necessary Iniorrnatlon relating to the
`third-party materials and ensure that Eorealls
`and Borouge products. when used together
`with these materials, are suitable tor the
`customer's particular purpose. No liability ca n
`be accepted In respect oi the use oi Borealls
`and Bo ro uge products in conjunction with
`other materials. The lniormation contained
`herein relates exclusively to our products
`when not used In ooniunctlon with any
`third-party materials.
`
`Borstar Is a registered trademark of
`Boreal is A/S.
`Daplov. Bo rsoit. Bordear, Borilow. Borseal
`and Shaping the Future with Plastics are
`trademarks of Borealls A/S.
`
`Boreaiis and Borouge Film & Fibre specialise in supplying advanced polyolefln plastics for
`
`the manufacture of film, fibre, coating and therrnoforming solutions through introduction
`
`of technologies and solutions such as Borstar°, Borclearl", Borflowm and Borseel“.
`
`Borealis and Borouge have over 40 years established a leading position on the Film & Fibre
`
`market across Europe, the Middle East and Asia. Borealis believes that customer-driven
`
`innovation is the only way to achieve and sustain progress. In the Film & Fibre industry.
`
`Borealis and Borouge have pioneered the development of innovative solutions. Borseel
`
`advanced biaxially oriented PP film with higher gloss and transparency has opened up new
`
`opportunities for film producers. For meltblown. nonwoven applications, Borflow has set
`
`a new standard in barrier performance in applications such as diapers. Through foresight
`
`and focus on customer needs. Boreelis and Borouge continue to provide innovative PP
`
`and PE solutions iorthe Film 8: Fibre industry that add real value throughout the value
`
`chain. We also know the high value that our customers in the Film 8: Fibre industry place
`
`on product consistency and processability. We pride ourselves on the perfomlance of
`
`our products, and through ongoing investment in upgrades and new plant programmes,
`
`we continue to set new records for output efficiency and product reliability. Borealis and
`
`Borouge believe that responsiveness is the foundation of fruitful customer partnerships.
`
`Film & Fibre ensures this through highly skilled and experienced technil, marketing and
`
`product development people, located in strategically placed production hubs in Sweden,
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`Austria, Belgium, Finland, USA and Abu Dhabi, Innovation Centres in Linz, Austria and
`
`Stenungsund, Sweden with an affiliate in Rockport, New Jersey, USA, as well as a well
`
`dispersed sales and agent network around the World.
`
`PAGE 19 OF 20