`Volume 1:
`Emulsifiers & Detergents
`1997
`North American Edition
`
`THE LIBRARY
`
`Science and
`Engineering
`L ib ra ry -
`
`McCUTCHEON'S DIVISION, MC PUBLISHING CO., 175 Rock Road, Glen Rock, NJ 07452 USA
`Telephone: +1 (201) 652-2655 •Fax: +1 (201) 652-3419 •E-mail: TheMC@gomc.com
`
`SOLENIS EXHIBIT 2006
`Hydrite v. Solenis, IPR2015-01592
`
`
`
`1997
`McCutcheon's
`VOLUME 1:
`Emulsifiers & Detergents
`North American Edition
`
`· .. ··· . Printed in U.S.A.
`~·· Copyrighted 1997. McCutcheon's Division
`•·~.·· The Manufacturing Confectioner Publishing Co.
`f. 175 Rock Road, Glen Rock, NJ 07452-1700 USA
`?£ .•. Phone: +1 (201) 652 2655 • Fax: +1 (201) 652 3419
`ff E-mail: TheMC@gomc.com
`~! All rights reserved
`~; ISBN 0-944254-48-9
`
`LC # 82-644577
`
`CONTENTS
`
`Company Index . . . . • . . • . . . • . . • . . • . . . .
`
`v
`
`Food Emulsifier Index . . . • • . • . • . . • . . • . • xvii
`
`Textile Surfactant Index • • . . • . . . • • . . . . . . xix
`
`Surfactants . • • . • • • . . . • • . . . • . . . . • . . . • •
`
`1
`
`Formulated Detergent/Shampoo
`Concentrated Bases • . • . • • • • • • • . • . • • . • 222
`
`Intermediates . . . • . • . . • • . . . • . • • . • • . . . . 229
`
`HLB Index of Materials • . . . . • • . • • . • • • . . 243
`
`CAS Number Index • . . • • • • • . • • . . . . . • • • 261
`
`Ionic Type Classification
`
`280
`
`Chemical Classification • • • • • • • . . . . • . • • . 291
`
`1997 I Emulsifiers & Detergents I North American
`
`iii
`
`
`
`McCutcheon's Emulsifiers & Detergents
`1997 North American Edition
`
`HLBINDEX
`
`This index contains only those materials for which the manufacturer has provided the
`HLB (Hydrophilic/Lipophlic Balance) number.
`
`HLB Trade Name
`
`Chemical Description
`
`HLB Trade Name
`
`Chemical Description
`
`0.1-10.0 Amiter LGOD
`
`0.6 Emerest® 2423
`
`1.0 Calgene GTO
`1.0 Llpovol GTB
`1.0 Plurafac® LF 7000
`1.0 Pluronic® L 101
`
`1.0 Pluronic® L 121
`
`1.0 Tetronlc® 150R1
`
`1.5 Grindsted Acetem
`1.5 Lexemul® EGDS
`1.7 Amiter LGOD-2
`
`1.7 Hetoxide C-2
`1.8 Acipol 0118
`1.8 Alkamuls STO
`1.8 Atsurf S-85
`1.8 Calgene STO
`1.8 Emerest 2380
`1.8 Glycomul® TO
`1.8 Grindsted PGME
`1.8 Llposorb TO
`1.8 S-Maz® 85
`1.8 Sorbac 85
`1.8 Span 85
`
`2-0ctyldodecyl diester of N-lauroyl-L-
`glutamic acid
`Glycerol trioleate
`
`Glycerol trioleate
`Glyceryl tribehenate
`Alkoxylated fatty alcohol
`Block copolymers of propylene oxide
`and ethylene oxide
`Block copolymers of propylene oxide
`and ethylene oxide
`Block copolymers of ethylene oxide
`and propylene oxide
`Acetylated monoglycerides
`Glycol distearate
`Dioxyeth['ene 2-octlldodecyl ether
`diester o N-lauroyl- -glutamic acid
`PEG-2 castor oil
`POE (1) stearic acid
`Sorbitan trioleate
`Sorbitan fatty ester
`Sorbitan trioleate
`Propylene glycol monostearate
`Sorbitan trioleate
`Propylene glycol esters of fatty acids
`Sorbitan trioleate
`Sorbitan trioleate
`Sorbitan trioleate
`Sorbitan trioleate
`
`2.0 Actiflo® Series
`2.0 Amiter LGS-2
`
`Lecithin
`Dioxyethylene stearyl ether diester of
`N-lauroylcL-glutamic acid
`2.0 Compritol 888
`Glycerol mono/di/tribehenate
`2.0 Genapol® 26-L-0.5
`Laureth-0.5
`2.0 Genapol® 26-L-0.5
`Laureth-0.5
`Glycol stearate
`2.0 Llpo EGDS
`Ethylene glycol monostearate
`2.0 Llpo EGMS
`2.0 Pegosperse® 50-DS Ethylene glycol distearate
`2.0 Pluronic® L81
`Block copolymers of propylene oxide
`and ethylene oxide
`Block copolymers of ethylene oxide
`and propylene oxide
`Glycerol mono/di/tristearate
`Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids
`
`2.0 Pluronic® 31 R1
`
`2.0 Precirol WL 2155
`2.0 Santone 10-10-0
`
`I
`r
`OJ
`:;
`0.
`CD ><
`
`2.0 Syncrowax AW-1C C18-C36 acid
`2.1 Calgene STS
`Sorbltan tristearate
`2. 1 Dur-Lo®
`Mono- and diglycerides
`2.1 Glycomul® TS
`Sorbitan tristearate
`2.1 Llposorb TS
`Sorbitan tristearate
`2.1 Nonionic 1025-R
`EO/PO block copolymers
`2.1 S-Maz® 65 K
`Sorbltan tristearate
`2.1 Span 65
`Sorbitan tristearate
`2.2 Sorbac 65
`Sorbitan tristearate
`2.2 Sorbac 80
`Sorbitan monooleate
`2.3-7.7 Grindsted Sorbitan Sorbitan esters of fatty acids
`Esters
`2.3 Lexemul® EGMS
`2.4 Durlac® 100 W
`2.4 Lexemul® GDL
`2.4 Mazol® GMO-K
`2.5 Calgene GMT
`2.5 Calgene GMT-40
`2.5 Caprol ET
`2.5 Caprol 1OG1 oo
`2.5 Nonionic 1017-R
`2.6 EC-25TM
`
`Glycol stearate
`Glyceryl lactoesters of fatty acids
`Glyceryl dilaurate
`Glycerol monooleate, kosher
`Glycerol monotallate
`Glycerol monotallate
`Polyglycerol mixed esters
`Decaglycerol decaoleate
`EO/PO block copolymers
`Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of
`fats and fatty acids, mono- and
`diglycerides, partially hydrogenated
`vegetable oil with lecithin, BHT and
`citric acid
`2.6 Naturechem1"' PGHS Propylene glycol hydroxystearate
`2.7 Calgene GMO
`Glycerol monooleate
`2.7 Calgene GMS
`Glycerol monostearate
`2.8 Arlacel 186
`Mono and diglycerides of fat forming
`fatty acids
`2.8 Chemsperse GMS Glyceryl stearate
`Mono- and diglycerides
`2.8 Dur-Em® 114
`2.8 Dur-Em® 117
`Mono- and diglycerides
`2.8 Glicepol 160
`Glycerol stearate
`2.8 Gllcepol 180
`Glycerol oleate
`2.9 Emerest 241 o
`Glycerol monoisostearate
`
`3.0-7.0 Pluronic® L61
`
`3.0-24.0 Arnox BP-Series
`
`3.0 Aldo MO FG
`
`Block copolymers of propylene oxide
`and ethylene oxide
`Blocked polymers gl('°ol hydrophobe
`with various ratios o propylene and
`ethylene oxide
`Glycerol mono/dioleate
`
`1997 I Emulsifiers & Detergents I North American
`
`243
`
`
`
`HLB Index
`
`HLB Trade Name
`
`Chemical Description.
`
`HLB Trade Name
`
`Chemical Description
`
`3.0 Aldo MS LG FG
`
`3.0 Aldo PGHMS.
`3.0 Aldo® HMS FG
`
`3.0 Antarox L 61
`
`3.0 Antarox PGP 18-1
`
`3.0 Calgene GML
`3.0 Cerasynt IP
`3.0 Cerasynt M
`3.0 Cerasynt PA
`3.0 Crodesta F-10
`3.0 Delonic EO-P0-1
`
`Refined soya sterol
`
`Glycerol mono/distearate (low
`glycerine)
`Propylene glycol stearate (hi mono)
`Glycerol mono- and distearate (hi
`mono)
`Alkoxylated glycols (block
`copolymers); poloxymer 181
`Ethoxylated ~olyoxypropylene glycol;
`poloxymer 1 1
`Glycerol monolaurate
`Glycol st~arate (and) other ingredients
`Ethylene glycol monostearates
`Propylene glycol monostearate
`Sucrose distearate
`Polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene
`block polymer
`3.0 Drewpol 10-10-0 K Polyglyceryl ester
`3.0 Generolm 122
`Refined soya sterol
`(Cosmetic Grade)
`3.0 General'"'
`122(Cosmetic
`Grade)
`3.0 Labrafil M 2130CS Hydrogenated palm/palm kernel oil
`PEG-6
`3.0 Lipo PGMS
`Propylene glycol stearate
`3.0 Mazol® 300K
`Glycerol monooleate, kosher
`3.0 Pegosperse PMS
`Propylene glycol stearate
`3.0 Pegosperse® 50-MS Ethylene glycol monostearate
`3.0 Plurafac® LF 3140
`Alkoxylated fatty alcohol
`3.0 Plurafac® LF 4030
`Alkoxylated fatty alcohol
`3.0 Polyaldo® DGDO
`Decaglycerol decaoleate
`3.0 Protegin
`Blended mixture
`3.0 Protegin W
`Blended mixture
`3.0 Protegin WX
`Blended mixture
`3.0 Protegin X
`Blended mixture
`3.0 Starplex 90
`Distilled monoglyceride
`3.0 Surtynol® DF110D Higher molecular weight acetylenic
`Defoamer
`glycol
`3.0 Surtynol® DF11 OL
`Higher molecular weight acetylenic
`Defoamer
`glycol
`3.0 T-Det® EP0-61
`Block copolymer of propylene oxide
`and ethylene oxide
`Block copolymers of ethylene oxide
`and propylene oxide
`Block copolymers of ethylene oxide
`and propylene oxide
`Amines, ethoxylated
`Mono- and diglycerides
`Mono- and diglycerides
`Mono- and diglycerides
`Glyceryl monostearate
`Hexaglycerol ester
`Mono- and diglycerides
`Mono- and diglycerides
`Dinonylphenol ethoxylate-1.5 moles
`EO
`3.3 Tegin 0
`Glycerol oleate
`3.4 Calgene PGMS
`Propylene glycol monostearate
`3.4 Capmul GMO
`Glyceryl monooleate
`3.4 Drewmulse GMO
`Glycerol monooleate
`3.4 Emerest 2421
`Glycerol monooleate
`Glycerol monostearate, pure
`3.4 Emerest® 2400
`3.4 Emerest® 2421
`Glycerol monooleate
`3.4 Mazol® PGMS-K
`Propylene glycol monostearate, kosher
`3.4 Surtonic® N-10
`Nonylphenol ethoxylate
`Glycerol isostearate
`3.4 Tegin ISO
`3.5 Alphadim 90 VCK
`Distilled monoglycerides
`3.5 Alphadim® 90 LC
`Distilled monoglycerides
`3.5 Alphadim® 90 NLK Distilled monoglycerides
`
`3.0 Tetronic® 701
`
`3.0 Tetronic® 901
`
`3.0 Tomah E-18-2
`3.2 BFP 65
`3.2 BFP74
`3.2 BFP75
`3.2 Capmul GMS
`3.2 CIHL 13788
`3.3 Dur-Em® 204
`3.3 Dur-Em® 207
`3.3 Surtonic® DNP-15
`
`244
`
`1997 I Emulsifiers & Detergents I North American
`
`3.7 Genapol® 26-L-1
`
`3.7
`
`lmwitor 780 K
`
`3.7 Lipo GMS 410
`3.7 Liposorb SQO
`3.7 Neodol® 23-1
`
`3.5 Alphadim® 90 SBK Distilled monoglycerides
`3.5 Calgene EGMS
`Ethylene glycol monostearate
`3.5 Cedepal CA-210
`Octyl phenol ethoxylate
`3.5 Hostacerin DGO
`Diglycerine sesquioleate
`3.5 Nonionic 2025-R
`EO/PO block copolymers
`3.5 Pegosperse 100-0 PEG (100) oleate
`3.6 Lipo GMS 450
`Glyceryl monostearate (40% mono)
`3.6 Surtactol® 318
`Ethoxylated castor oil
`3.6 Triton® X-15
`Octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol
`3.7 Arlacel C
`Sorbitan sesquioleate
`Natural linear alcohol ethoxylated With
`3.7 Genapol® 26-L-1
`1 mole of EO
`CW·C1 ~ natural linear alcohol
`et oxy ated with 1 mole of EO
`Glycerol mono/diester of isostearic s
`succinic acid
`Glyceryl monostearate (40% mono)
`Sorbitan sesquioleate
`CW·C1 ~ linear primary alcohol
`et oxy ate
`Sorbitan sesquioleate
`Distilled monoglycerides
`Ethoxylated hydrogenated castor oil
`Glycerol mono/diester of palmitic/
`stearic acid
`Glycerol mono/diester of palmilic/
`stearic acid
`3.8 Lexemul® 515
`Glyceryl stearate
`3.8 Pegosperse 100-S PEG (100) stearate
`Glyceryl monostearate
`3.8 RitaGMS
`3.8 Tegin M
`Glycerol monostearate
`3.8 Tegin 4100
`Glycerol monostearate, non-SE
`Hydrogenated castor oil + 5 EO
`3.9 Alkamuls COH-5
`3.9 Emerest 2400
`Glycerol monostearate
`3.9 Mazol® GMS-K
`Glycerol monostearate, kosher
`3.9 Nortox 165C
`Acid stable glycerol monostearate
`
`3.7 Sorbac 83
`3.8-5.3 Dimodan
`3.8 Chemax HC0-5
`lmwitor 900
`3.8
`
`3.8
`
`lmwitor 945
`
`Oxazoline derivative
`Self-emulsifiable surtactant blend
`
`Self-emulsifiable surfactant blend
`
`4.0-5.0 Alkaterge® E
`4.0-5.0 Surtynol® SE
`Surtactant
`4.0-5.0 Surtynol® SE-F
`Surtactant
`4.0-6.0 Cremophor WO 7
`Ethoxylated high purity castor oil
`4.0 Aldo MS FG
`Glycerol mono/distearate
`4.0 Aldo® MS
`Glycerol mono/distearate
`4.0 Aldosperse® TS-20 20% Polysorbate 65, 80% glycerol
`FG
`monostearate
`4.0 Alkaterge® T
`Oxazoline derivative
`4.0 Antarox 31-R-1
`Alkoxylated glycols; meroxipol 131
`4.0 Biosolt E-200
`Primary alcohol ethoxylate
`4.0 Calgene PGML
`Propylene glycol monolaurate
`4.0 Calgene PGS-62
`Hexaglycerol distearate, veg.
`4.0 Centrocap® Series
`Lecithin
`4.0 Central® Series
`Lecithin
`4.0 Centrophase® Series Lecithin
`4.0 Cerasynt GMS
`Glyceryl stearate
`4.0 Cholesterol NF
`Cholesterol, NF
`4.0 Dow Corning®
`Silicone glycol copolymer (volatile
`3225C Formulation
`silicone dispersion)
`Aid
`4.0 Drewpol 6-2-S K
`4.0 Ethosperse OA-2
`4.0 Ethox C0-5
`4.0 Glycomul® SOC
`4.0
`lmwitor 191
`4.0
`lmwitor742
`
`Hexaglycerol distearate
`Oleth-2
`Ethoxylated triglycerides
`Sorbitan sesquioleate
`Distilled monoglycerides
`Glycerol mono/diester of medium chain
`fatty acids
`PEG-4 caprylate/caprate glycerides
`4.0 Labrafac Hydro
`4.0 Labrafil M 1944CS Apricot kernel oil PEG-6
`
`
`
`HLB Trade Name
`
`Chemical Description
`
`HLB Trade Name
`
`Chemical Description
`
`HLB Index
`
`4.0 Labrafil M 1969CS Peanut oil PEG-6
`4.0 Labrafil M 1980CS Olive oil PEG-6
`, Corn oil PEG-6 esters
`4.0 Labrafil M 2125CS
`4.0 Lexemul® P
`Propylene glycol stearate, SE
`4.0 Macol® 33
`Block copolymers of ethylene oxide
`and propylene oxide
`Glycerol monooleate
`Glycerol Esters
`
`4.0 Monalube 335
`4.0 Monoglycerides
`Glyceryl
`Monestearate
`4.0 OH Ian®
`4.0 Plurafac® LF 131
`4.0 Plurafac® LF 2240
`4.0 Pluronic® 17R2
`
`4.0 Pluronic® 25R2
`
`Hydroxylated lanolin
`Alkoxylated fatty alcohol, capped
`Alkoxylated fatty alcohol
`Block copolymers of ethylene oxide
`and propylene oxide
`Block copolymers of ethylene oxide
`and propylene oxide
`Hydroxylated lanolin
`Lanolin alcohol
`Oxyf atty acid monoglyceride
`Lanolin alcohols
`
`4.0 Ritahydrox
`4.0 Rita wax
`4.0 Softigen 701
`4.0 Super Hartolan/
`Hartolan
`4.0 Surfynol® 104A
`Surfactant
`4.0 Surfynol® 104BC
`Surfactant
`4.0 Surfynol® 104DPM
`
`4.0 Surfynol® 104E
`Surfactant
`4.0 Surfynol® 104H
`Surfactant
`4.0 Surfynol® 104NP
`
`4.1 Lexemul® AR
`
`4.1 Nonionic 2017-R
`4.1 Nopalcol 1-TW
`4.1 Surfonlc® DNP-20
`4.2 Dur-Em® 207E
`4.2 EthoxTAM-2
`4.2 Teginacid
`4.3 Alkamuls SMO
`4.3 Arlacel 80
`4.3 Atplus 300F
`4.3 Atplus 401
`4.3 Atsurf S-80
`4.3 Calgene SMO
`4.3 Crill 4
`4.3 DeMulsSMO
`4.3 DeMulsSMO
`4.3 DeSotanro.i SMO
`4.3 Glycomul® 0
`4.3 Liposorb 0
`4.3 S-Maz® 80
`4.3 Span 80
`4.4 Alfonic® 1216-22
`4.4 Arapol 0218
`
`Solution of tetramethyl decynediol in 2-
`ethylhexanol
`Tetramethyl decynediol dissolved in 2-
`butoxyethanol
`50% tetramethyl decynediol in
`dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether
`Solution of tetramethyl decynediol in
`ethylene glycol
`Solution of tetramethyl decynedlol in
`ethylene glycol ·
`50% tetramethyl decynediol in n-
`propanol
`4.0 Surfynol® 104PA
`Solution of tetramethyl decynediol in
`Surfactant
`isopropyl alcohol
`4.0 Surfynol® 104PG50 50% tetramethyl decynediol in
`propylene glycol
`Surfactant
`4.0 Surfynol® 104S
`Tetramethyl decynediol on amorphous
`Surfactant
`silica
`4.0 Surfynol® 420
`Ethoxylated tetramethyl decynediol
`4.0 Trylon 5900
`Ethoxylated castor oil (CO)
`4.0 Trylox 5902
`Ethoxylated castor oil (CO)
`4.1 DeSotan™ SMT
`Sorbitan monotallate
`4.1
`Ice™ No. 12
`Mono- and diglycerides with
`polysorbate 65
`Glyceryl stearate (and)
`stearamidoethyl diethylamlne
`EO/PO block copolymers
`Diethylene glycol monotallowate
`Dinonylphenol ethoxylate-2 moles EO
`Mono- and diglycerides with citric acid
`Ethoxylated fatty amines
`Glycerol monostearate, SE
`Sorbitan monooleate
`Sorbitan monooleate
`Formulated product
`Formulated product
`Sorbitan fatty ester
`Sorbitan monooleate
`Sorbitan oleate
`Sorbitan monooleate ester
`Sorbitan monooleate ester
`Sorbitan monooleate
`Sorbitan monooleate
`Sorbitan monooleate
`Sorbitan monooleate
`Sorbitan monooleate, N F
`Ethoxylated linear alcohols (22% E.O.)
`POE (20) stearyl alcohol
`
`:c
`r
`a::J
`:.:;-
`Cl.
`CD ><
`
`4.5 Emsorb 2502
`4.5 Ethomeen T/12
`
`4.5 Surfonic® L24-1.3
`4.6 Alkasurf NP-1
`4.6 Arosurf 66-E2
`4.6 Cedepal C0-210
`4.6 Emsorb 2500
`4.6 Genapol® 26-L-1.3
`4.6 Genapol® 26-L-1.3
`lgepal C0-210
`4.6
`4.6 T-Det® N-1.5
`
`4.6 Trycol 6960
`4.7 Arlacel 60
`4.7 Calgene DGO
`4.7 Calgene DGS
`4.7 Calgene SMS
`4.7 Crill3
`4.7 Crill 6
`4.7 DeMuls SMS
`4.7 DeMuls SMS
`4.7 Durtan 65
`4.7 Durtan® 60
`4.7 Emerest 2452
`4.7 Liposorb S
`4.7 S-Maz®-60K
`4.7 Sorbac 60
`4.7 Span 60
`4.7 Span 60K
`4.9 Brij 72
`4.9 Brij 93
`4.9 Chemax C0-5
`4.9 Ethox SAM-2
`4.9 Hetoxol OL-2
`4.9 Hetoxol STA-2
`lceTM No. 81
`4.9
`
`4.9 Lexemul® AS
`
`4.9 Lipocol 0-2
`4.9 Lipocol S-2
`4.9 Macol® SA-2
`4.9 Rhodasurf S-2
`
`4.9 Ritoleth 2
`4.9 Teginacid Special
`4.9 Volpo S-2
`
`5.0-8.0 Silwet® L-7001
`5.0-8.0 Silwet® L-7002
`5.0-8.0 Silwet® L-7087
`5.0-8.0 Silwet® L-722
`5.0-8.0 Silwet® L-7220
`5.0-8.0 Silwet® L-7500
`5.0-8.0 Silwet® L-7600
`5.0-8.0 Silwet® L-7602
`5.0-8.0 Silwet® L-7604
`5.0-8.0 Silwet® L-7605
`5.0-8.0 Silwet® L-7607
`5.0-8.0 Silwet® L-7608
`5.0-8.0 Silwet® L-77
`5.0 Aldosperse® 0-20
`FG
`5.0 Ameroxol® OE-2
`
`Sorbitan sesquioleate
`Tertiary amines ethylene oxide
`condensation products of the primary
`fatty amines
`Linear alcohol ethoxylate
`Nonylphenol ethoxylate
`Polyoxyalkylated isostearyl alcohol
`Nonyl phenol ethoxylate
`Sorbitan monooleate
`Laureth-1.3
`Laureth-1 .3
`Ethoxylated nonylphenol; nonoxynol-2
`Ethoxylated nonylphenol (number
`indicates moles of ethylene oxide)
`Ethoxylated nonylphenol
`Sorbitan monostearate
`Diethylene glycol monooleate
`Diethylene glycol monostearate
`Sorbltan monostearate
`Sorbitan monostearate NF
`Sorbitan isostearate
`Sorbitan monostearate ester
`Sorbitan monostearate ester
`Sorbitan derivative
`Sorbitan monostearate
`Triglycerol diisostearate
`Sorbitan monostearate
`Sorbitan monostearate, kosher
`Sorbitan monostearate
`Sorbitan monostearate
`Sorbitan monostearate
`Polyoxyethylene (2) stearyl ether
`Polyoxyethylene (2) oleyl ether
`Ethoxylated castor oil
`Ethoxylated fatty amine
`Oleth-2
`Steareth-2
`Mono- and diglycerides and
`polyglycerol esters of fatty acids
`GIYiceryl stearate (and) sodium lauryl
`sufate
`POE (2) oleyl ether
`POE (2) stearyl ether
`POE (2) stearyl ether
`Polyoxyethylene (2) stearyl alcohol;
`steareth-2
`Oleth-2
`Glycerol monostearate, SE
`Steareth-2
`
`Silicone glycol copolymers
`Silicone glycol copolymers
`Silicone glycol copolymer
`Silicone glycol copolymers
`Silicone glycol copolymer
`Silicone glycol copolymers
`Silicone glycol copolymers
`Silicone glycol copolymers
`Silicone glycol copolymers
`Siiicone glycol copolymers
`Silicone glycol copolymers
`Silicone glycol copolymer
`Silicone glycol copolymers
`20% Polysorbate 80, 80% glycerol
`monostearate
`Ethoxylated oleyl alcohol, (number
`following tradename indicates
`strength)
`
`1997 I Emulsifiers & Detergents I North American
`
`245
`
`
`
`HLB Index
`
`HLB Trade Name
`
`Chemical Description .
`
`HLB Trade Name
`
`Chemical Description
`
`5.0 Mapeg® 200DO
`5.0 Norlox F-221
`5.0 Plurafac® LF 1200
`5.0 Pluronic® L31
`
`5.0 Tomah E-14-5
`5.1-8.2 Grindsted Lactem
`5.1 Hetoxol CA-2
`5.1 Pationic CSL
`5.1 Surlonic® OP-15
`5.2
`Ice"' No. 2
`
`Beeswax and PEG-8
`5.0 Apifil
`POE (2) cetyl alcohol
`5.0 Arapol 0216
`5.0 Cremophor® G0-32 Polyglyceryl-3-dioleale
`5.0 Cremophor® GS-32 Polyglyceryl-3-distearate
`5.0 Dow Corning® 190 Silicone glycol copolymer
`Surlactant
`5.0 Genapol® 26-L-1.6 Natural linear alcohol ethoxylated with
`1.6 moles of EO
`5.0 Genapol® 26-L-1.6 CW-c11 natural linear alcohol
`et oxy ated with 1.6 moles of EO
`5.0 Glucate® DO
`Methyl glucoside dioleate
`5.0 Glycomul® S
`Sorbitan monostearate
`5.0 Macol® 1
`Block copolymers of propylene oxide
`and ethylene oxide
`PEG (4) dioleate
`Complex fatty amido ester
`Alkoxylated fatty alcohol
`Block copolymers of propylene oxide
`and ethylene oxide
`Amines, ethoxylated
`Lactic acid esters of monoglycerides
`Ceteth-2
`Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate
`Octylphenol ethoxylate
`Mono- and diglycerides with
`polysorbate 80
`Polyoxyethylene (2) cetyl ether
`PEG-2 oleate
`POE (2) cetyl ether (ceteth-2)
`Linear alcohol ethoxylate
`POE(5) stearyl ether diester of N-
`lauroyl-L-glutamic acid
`Cetearyl alcohol (and) ceteareth-20
`Linear alcohol ethoxylate, 2 EO
`Linear alcohol ethoxylate, 2 EO
`Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids
`Glyceryl monostearate, SE
`Amines, ethoxylated
`Glyceryl monostearate, self-
`emulsifying
`Sodium isostearoyl-2-lactylate
`
`5.3 Brlj 52
`5.3 Hetoxamate M0-2
`5.3 Lipocol C-2
`5.3 Surlonic® L24-2
`5.4 Amiter LGS-5
`
`5.4 Lexemul® CS-20
`5.4 Surlonic® L 1270-2
`5.4 Surlonic® L 1270-2
`5.5-7.4 Grindsted PGE
`5.5 Lexemul®T
`5.6 Tomah E-17-2
`5.8 Lipo GMS 470
`
`5.9 Patlonic ISL
`
`Dimethyl hexynol
`
`I
`
`6.0-7.0 Surlynol® 61
`Surlactant
`6.0 Aldo MR
`Glycerol mono/diricinoleate
`6.0 Aldo MSD
`Glycerol mono/distearate (dispersible)
`6.0 Aldo MSD FG
`Glycerol mono/distearate (dispersible)
`6.0 Aldosperse® TS-40 40% Glycosperse TS 20, 60% glycerol
`FG
`monostearate
`6.0 Alfonic® 1216-30
`Ethoxylated linear alcohols (30% E.O.)
`6.0 Antarox 25-R-2
`Alkoxylated glycols; meroxipol 252
`6.0 Biosoft E-300
`Primary alcohol ethoxylate
`6.0 Calgene PGS-104 Decaglycerol tetraoleate
`6.0 Caprol 3GVS
`Triglycerol mono shortening
`6.0 Centrol CA
`Lecithin
`6.0 Dehymuls E
`Sorbitan sesquioleate (and) aluminum
`stearate (and) other ingredients
`Alkoxylated linear alcohol
`Decaglycerol tetraoleate
`POE (2) cetyl alcohol
`Ethoxylated fatty amine
`Methyl glucoside sesquistearate
`PEG-9 castor oil
`Modified oxyethylated alcohol
`Alkoxylated distearate/oleate
`Lecithin
`PEG-200 dilaurate
`Block copolymers of ethylene oxide
`and propylene oxide
`
`6.0 Delonic LF-EP-15
`6.0 Drewpol 10-4-0 K
`6.0 Ethosperse® CA2
`6.0 Ethox CAM-2
`6.0 Glucate® SS
`6.0 Hetoxide C-9
`6.0
`lndustrol® DW-5
`6.0 Kessco® 894
`6.0 Lecithin
`6.0 Lipopeg 2 DL
`6.0 Macol® 18
`
`246
`
`1997 I Emulsifiers & Detergents I North American
`
`EO/PO block copolymers
`6.0 Nonionic 4025-R
`6.0 Plurafac® LF 2210
`Alkoxylated fatty alcohol
`6.0 Plurol Dlisostearique Polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate
`6.0 Pluronic® L92
`Block copolymers of propylene oxide
`and ethylene oxide
`Block copolymers of ethylene oxide
`and propylene oxide
`Ethoxylated anionic complex
`Modified ethoxylated castor oil
`Decaglycerol tetraoleate
`Triglycerol monooleate
`Alkoxylated linear alcohol
`PEG-200 dllaurate
`CW-c
`natural linear alcohol
`11
`et oxy ated with 2 moles of EO
`Natural linear alcohol ethoxylated With
`2 moles of EO
`Fatty alcohol polyglycol ether (basis:
`linear C12-C 14-alcohol)
`Triglycerol monooleate, kosher
`C\i·C
`linear primary alcohol
`11
`et oxy ate
`POE (3) stearic acid
`Alkoxylated linear alcohol
`Tertiary amines ethylene oxide
`condensation products of the primary
`fatty amines
`Oleth-3
`
`6.0 Pluronic® 25R4
`
`6.0 Sandopan B
`6.0 Syn Lube 1632H
`6.2 Caprol 1 OG40
`6.2 Caprol 3GO
`6.2 Delonic LF-EP-18
`6.2 Emerest 2704
`6.2 Genapol® 26-L-2
`
`6.2 Genapol® 26-L-2
`
`6.2 Marllpal 24/20
`
`6.2 Mazol® PG031-K
`6.3 Neodol® 45-2.25
`
`6.4 Acipol 0318
`6.4 Delonic LF-EP-20
`6.4 Ethomeen C/12
`
`6.4 Hetoxol OA-3
`Special
`6.4 Macol® 2 LF
`6.4 Tally@ 100 Plus
`
`6.5 Calgene DGL
`6.5 Crodesta F-50
`6.5 Macol® 2
`
`Block polymer
`Mono- and diglycerides with
`ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides
`Diethylene glycol monolaurate
`Sucrose distearate
`Block copolymers of propylene oxide
`and ethylene oxide
`6.5 Pationic SSL
`Sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate
`6.6 Antarox L 62 LF
`Alkoxylated glycols (block copolymers)
`6.6 Calgene 22-L
`Polyethylene glycol (200) dilaurate
`6.6 Delonic EO-P0-2LF Polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene
`condensate
`Silicone-ethylene oxide copolymers
`
`6.6 Dow Corning®
`FF400 Fluid
`6.6 Lipocol 0-3 Special Oleth-3
`6.6 Macol 2 D
`Block copolymers of ethylene oxide
`and propylene oxide
`Block copolymers of propylene oxide
`and ethylene oxide
`Oleth-3
`Sorbitan monopalmitate
`Sorbitan monopalmitate
`Sorbitan monopalmitrate
`Ethoxylated (4) dinonyl phenol
`Ethoxylated (4) nonyl phenol
`Sorbitan monopalmitate
`Ethylene oxide, ester condensate
`EO/PO block copolymers
`Sorbitan monopalmitate
`Sorbitan monopalmitate
`Glycerol monolaurate, dispersibl~
`Glycerol mono/dilaurate, dispersible
`Dinonylphenol ethoxylate-4 moles EO
`
`6.6 Surlonic® POA L-
`62LF
`6.6 Volpo-3
`6.7 Arlacel 40
`6.7 Calgene SMP
`6.7 Glycomul® P
`6.7 Hetoxide DNP-4
`6.7 Hetoxide NP-4
`6.7 Liposorb P
`6.7 Merpol A
`6.7 Nonionic 4017-R
`6.7 Sorbac 40
`6.7 Span 40
`6.8 AldoMLD
`6.8 Aldo MLD FG
`6.8 Surlonic® DNP-40
`
`7.0-8.0 Cerasynt 945
`7.0 Alcolec 439-C
`7.0 Aldosperse® 40/60
`FG
`7.0 Antarox L 62
`
`Glyceryl stearate (and) laureth-23
`Water dispersible lecithin
`40% POE 20 GMS, 60% GMS (hi
`mono)
`Alkoxylated glycols (block
`copolymers); poloxymer 182
`
`
`
`HLB Trade Name
`
`Chemical Description
`
`HLB Trade Name
`
`Chemical Description
`
`HLB Index
`
`7.0 Antarox PGP 18-2
`
`7.0 Atplus 1992
`
`7.0 Calgene PGO
`7.0 Calgene PGS
`7.0 Centrolex® Series
`7.0 Delonic EO-P0-2
`
`7.0 Delonic LF-EP-25
`7.0 Dermophos IS-2
`7.0 Drewpol 3-1-SK
`7.0 Drewpol 3-1-0 FID
`7.0 Foamid SCE
`7.0 Foamid SL
`7.0 Foamid SLM
`7.0 Generoln' 122 E5
`7.0 Macol® 21
`
`7.0 Plurafac® RA-43
`
`7.0 Pluronic® L62
`
`7.0 Pluronic® L62D
`
`7.0 Pluronic® L62LF
`
`7.0 Pluronic® 17R4
`
`7.0 T-Del® EP0-62
`
`7.0 Tetronic® 90R4
`
`7.0 Antarox LA-EP 15 Modified oxyethylated straight chain
`alcohol
`7.0 Antarox LA-EP 25 Modified oxyethylated straight chain
`·alcohol
`7.0 Antarox LA-EP 25LF Modified oxyethylated straight chain
`alcohol
`Ethoxylated polyoxypropylene glycol;
`poloxymer 181
`Blend of polyethoxylated polyol fatty
`acid esters
`Triglycerol monooleate
`Triglycerol monostearate
`Soy phosphatides
`Polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene
`block polymer
`Alkoxylated linear alcohol
`lsosteareth-2 phosphate
`Triglycerol monostearate
`Polyglyceryl ester
`Cocamide DEA
`Lauramide DEA
`Lauramide/myristamide DEA
`5 mole EO adduct of soya sterol
`Modified oxethylated straight chain
`alcohol
`7.0 Makon® NF-12
`Alkoxylated alcohol
`7.0
`Pegosperse 200 DL PEG 200 DL
`7.0 Plurafac® RA-40
`Modified oxyethylated straight chain
`alcohol
`Modified oxyethylated straight chain
`alcohol
`Block copolymers of propylene oxide
`and ethylene oxide
`Block copolymers of propylene oxide
`and ethylene oxide
`Block copolymers of propylene oxide
`and ethylene oxide
`Block copolymers of ethylene oxide
`and propylene oxide
`7.0 Polyaldo® HGDS
`Hexaglycerol distearate
`7.0 Polyaldo® TGMS
`Triglycerol monostearate
`7.0 Surfonic® POA L-62 Block copolymers of propylene oxide
`and ethylene oxide
`Block copolymer of propylene and
`ethylene oxide
`Block copolymers of ethylene oxide
`and propylene oxide
`PEG-400 dloleate
`7.1 Surtax 8916/A
`PEG-400 dioleate (PEG-8 dioleate)
`7.2 Alkamuls 400-DO
`PEG-8 dioleate
`7.2 Lipopeg 4-DO
`7.2 Santone 3-1-S XTR Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids
`7.2 Santone 3-1-SH
`Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids
`7.3 Armul 88
`Blended emulsifier
`7.3 Polychol 5
`Laneth-5
`7.3 Rhodasurf A 24
`Ethoxylated alcohols
`7.4 Drewpol 3-1-SH
`Triglycerol mono shortening
`7.4 Pegosperse 100-L
`PEG (100) laurate
`7.5 Amifat P-21
`DL-pyrrolidone carboxylic acid
`monostearin ester
`Nonylphenol polyglycol ether
`Ethoxylated fatty acid
`Myreth-3
`Ethoxylated alcohol
`Ethoxylated nonylphenol
`Mono- and diglycerides with
`ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides
`Special blend for fats and oils
`Stearamidopropyl dimethylamine
`PEG-400 ditallate
`
`7.5 Marlophen NP 3
`7.5 Trydet 2685
`7.6 Hetoxol M-3
`7.6 Surfonic® L42-3
`7.7 Surfonic® N~31.5
`7.7 Tally® 100
`
`7.8 Emery 6885
`7.8 Lexamine@ S13
`7.8 Monalube 330
`
`:r:
`r
`OJ
`::l
`0..
`Cl>
`><
`
`7.8 Neodol® 25-3
`
`C\fC1 ~ linear primary alcohol
`et oxy ate
`7.8 Pegosperse 400-DS PEG (400) distearate
`7.8 Triton® X-35
`Octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol
`7.9 Chemal TDA-3
`Ethoxylated aliphatic alcohol
`7.9 Hetoxol OL-4
`Oleth-4
`7.9 Hetoxol TD-3
`Trideceth-3
`7.9 Macol®TD-3
`POE (3) tridecyl ether
`7.9 Neodol® 23-3
`c}fc1f linear primary alcohol
`et oxy ate
`
`Silicone glycol copolymers
`Proprietary surfactant blend
`
`8.0-11.0 Silwet® L-720
`8.0-11.0 Surfynol® CT-111
`Surfactant
`8.0-13.0 Triton® SP Series
`8.0 Alfonic 810-40
`8.0 Alfonic® 1012-40
`8.0 Alfonic@ 1412-40
`8.0 Amerchol® L-101
`8.0 Amerchol® L-99
`8.0 Antarox 17-R-2
`8.0 Biosoft E-400
`8.0 Biosoft TD-400
`8.0 Blendmax Series
`8.0 Clearate WDF
`8.0 Cosmowax P
`8.0 Delonic LF-EP-30
`DeMuls SML
`8.0
`DeMuls SML
`8.0
`8.0 Dermophos IS-2K
`
`Proprietary nonionic surfactant
`Ethoxylated linear alcohols (40% E.O.)
`Ethoxylated linear alcohols (40% E.O.)
`Ethoxylated linear alcohols (40% E.O.)
`Liquid absorption base
`Lanolin-derived liquid absorption base
`Alkoxylated glycols; meroxipol 172
`Primary alcohol ethoxylate
`Primary alcohol ethoxylate
`Enzyme modified lecithin
`Soya lecithin
`Cetearyl alcohol and ceteareth-20
`Alkoxylated linear alcohol
`Sorbitan monolaurate ester
`Sorbitan monolaurate ester
`lsosteareth-2 phosphate, potassium
`salt
`Sorbitan monolaurate
`Laureth-3 phosphate
`Nonoxynol-3 phosphate
`C\fC1 ~ natural linear alcohol
`et oxy ated with 3 moles of EO
`Natural linear alcohol ethoxylated with
`3 moles of EO
`Ethoxylated tridecyl alcohol
`Octylphenoxypoly( ethyleneo
`xy)ethanol; octoxynol-3
`POE (4) stearyl/cetyl ether
`PEG-8 distearate
`Octylphenyl ether
`Block copolymers of ethylene oxide
`and propylene oxide
`C13-oxoalcohol polyglycol ethers
`Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of
`monoglycerides (Datem)
`8.0 Pegosperse 400-DO PEG (400) dioleate
`8.0 Pluronic® P123
`Block copolymers of propylene oxide
`and ethylene oxide
`Straight chain fatty alcohol ethoxylate;
`C12-C15 pareth-3
`Ethoxylated lanolin alcohols, number
`following tradename indicates moles of
`E.O.
`8.0 Surfonic® DDP-40
`Dodecylphenol ethoxylate-4 moles EO
`8.0 Surfonic® L24-3
`Linear alcohol ethoxylate
`8.0 Surfonic® POA L-42 Block copolymers of propylene oxide
`and ethylene oxide
`Ethox)lated tetramethyl decyndiol (3.5
`moles
`Linear alcohol ethoxylate
`Polyethylene glycol ether of straight
`chain fatty alcohols
`PEG-400 distearate
`PEG-400 distearate
`Ethoxylated alcohol
`Ethoxylated alcohol
`
`8.0 Emsorb 2515
`8.0 Foamphos L-3
`8.0 Foamphos NP-3
`8.0 Genapol® 26-L-3
`
`8.0 Genapol® 26-L-3
`
`8.0
`8.0
`
`lconoF"' TDA-3
`lgepal CA-420
`
`8.0 Lipocol SC-4
`8.0 Lipopeg 4-DS
`8.0 Macol OP- 3
`8.0 Macol® 19
`
`8.0 Marlipal 013/30
`8.0 Panodan
`
`8.0 Rhodasurf LA-3
`
`8.0 Solulan® 5
`
`8.0 Surfynol"' 440
`Surfactant
`8.0 T-Det A243
`8.1 Armul 1003
`
`8.1 Emerest 2712
`8.1 Emerest 2715
`8.1 Ethal EH- 2
`8.1 Ethal 3328
`
`1997 /Emulsifiers & Detergents I North American
`
`247
`
`
`
`HLB Index
`
`HLB Trade Name
`
`Chemical Description
`
`HLB Trade Name
`
`Chemical Description
`
`8.1 Marlipal 24/30
`
`8.1 Tergitol® TMN-3
`8.2 Calgene 42-S
`
`8.6 Alkamuls C0-15
`8.6 Arlacel 20
`8.6 Calgene SML
`8.6 Chemal OA-5
`8.6 Ethofat 0/15
`
`Fatty alcohol polyglycol ether (basis:
`linear C12-C 14-alcohol)
`Ethoxylated trimethylnonanol
`Polyoxyethylene glycol (400)
`distearate
`8.2 Surtonic® LA-3
`Linear alcohol ethoxylate
`8.3 Chemax E 200 MO Ethoxylated oleic fatty acid
`8.3 Emeresl® 2624
`PEG-200 monooleate
`8.3 Hetoxide C-15
`PEG-15 castor oil
`8.3 Tergitol® 15-S-3
`CwC15 secondary alcohol ethoxylate
`8.3 Tomah E-14-2
`Amines, ethoxylated
`8.4 Calgene 42-0
`Polyoxyethylene glycol (400) dioleate
`8.4 Chemax HC0-16
`Ethoxylated hydrogenated castor oil
`8.5 Alkamuls SML
`Sorbitan monolaurate
`8.5 Alkaterge® T-IV
`Ethoxylated oxazoline derivative
`8.5 Caprol 6G2S
`Hexaglycerol distearate
`8.5 Caprol 6G20
`Hexaglycerol dioleate
`8.5 Chemax E200 MS
`Ethoxylated stearic fatty acid
`8.5 CosmowaxJ
`Cetearyl alcohol and ceteareth-20
`8.5 Mapeg® 40000
`PEG (400) dioleate
`8.5 Mapeg® 400DOT
`PEG (400) ditallate
`chc11 linear primary alcohol
`8.5 Neodol® 91-2.5
`et oxylate
`Castor oil + 15 EO
`Sorbitan monolaurate
`Sorbitan monolaurate
`Ethoxylated oleyl alcohol
`Ethylene oxide condensates of fatty
`acid
`8.6 Ethox C0-16
`Ethoxylated triglycerides
`8.6 Ethox HC0-16
`Ethoxylated triglycerides
`8.6 Glycomul® L
`Sorbltan monolaurate
`8.6 Laurel PEG 400 OT PEG 400 ditallate
`8.6 Liposorb L
`Sorbitan monolaurate
`8.6 Pegosperse 200-ML PEG (200) monolaurate
`8.6 S-Maz® 20
`Sorbitan monolaurate
`8.6 Sorbac 20
`Sorbltan monolaurate
`8.6 Span 20
`Sorbitan monolaurate
`8.6 Surtonic® OP-35
`Octylphenol ethoxylate
`8.6 Trylon 5902
`Ethoxylated castor oil (CO)
`8.6 Trylon 5921
`Hydrogenated castor oil (HCO)
`8.6 Trylox 5921
`Hydrogenated castor oil (HCO)
`8.7 Armul 5830
`Blended emulsifier
`8.7 Dow Corning® 04-
`Silicone glycol copolymers
`3667 Fluid
`8.7 Neodol 1-3
`8.7 Trycol 5966
`8.8 Acipol 1603
`8.8 Acipol 1603 H
`8.8 Cedepal C0-430
`8.8 DeSonic® 4N
`8.8 Emerest® 2648
`8.8 Ethox D0-9
`8.8 Ethox TAM-5
`8.8 Hetoxamate FA5
`8.8 Hetoxamate SA-5
`8.8
`lgepal C0-430
`
`C11 linear primary alcohol ethoxylate
`Ethoxylated alcohol
`POE (16) castor oil
`POE (16) hydrogenated castor oil
`Nonyl phenol ethoxylate
`Nonylphenol ethoxylate
`PEG-400 dioleate
`PEG-400 dioleate
`Ethoxylated fatty amines
`PEG-5 tallate
`PEG-5 monostearate
`Nonylphenoxypoly(ethyleneo
`xy)ethanol; nonoxynol-4
`Oleth-5
`PEG-400 dioleate
`Oleth-5
`Nonylphenol & 4 EO
`Ethoxylated nonylphenol
`Nonylphenol polyglycol ether
`Ethoxylated nonylphenol
`Ethoxylated nonylphenol (number
`indicates moles of ethylene oxide)
`Ethoxylated nonylphenol
`
`8.8 Lipocol 0-5
`8.8 Monalube 325
`8.8 Volpo-5
`8.9 Berol 26
`8.9 Chemax NP-4
`8.9 Marlophen NP 4
`8.9 Surtonic® N-40
`8.9 T-Det® N-4
`
`8.9 Tergitol® NP-4
`
`248
`
`1997 I Emulsifiers & Detergents I North American
`
`8.9 Trycol 6961
`
`Ethoxylated nonylphenol
`
`Proprietary surtactant blend
`
`9.0-10.0 Centrolene® Series Hydroxylated lecithin
`9.0-10.0 Surtynol® TG
`Proprietary surtactant blend
`Surtactant
`9.0-10.0 Surfynol® TG-E
`Suriactant
`9.0-15.0 Geronol AG-100/200 Complex anionic-nonionic ethoxylate
`Series
`blends
`Nonylphenol ethoxylate
`9.0 Alkasurf NP-4
`9.0 Amerchol® C
`Lanolin-derived extracts of sterols and
`sterol esters
`Lanolin-derived sterol extracts
`Polyoxyethylene polyol fatty acid ester
`Polyoxyethylene alkylphenol
`Polyethoxylated ester
`Polyethoxylated nonylphenol
`Nonylphenoxypolyethoxy ethanol
`Nonylphenoxypolyethoxy ethanol
`POE (3) sorbitan monostearate
`Oleth-5
`
`9.0 Amerchol® CAB
`9.0 Arlatone T
`9.0 Atlox 775
`9.0 Atlox 849
`9.0 Carsonon® N-4
`9.0 Delonic NPE-4
`9.0 Delonic NPE-4
`9.0 Emsorb 6906
`9.0 Hetoxol OA-5
`Special
`9.0 Hetoxol OL-5
`9.0 Lipopeg 2-L
`9.0 Macol® 30
`
`9.0 Nonionic 5025-R
`9.0 Noriox NP-4
`9.0 Plurafac® RA-30
`
`9.0 Pluronic® P103
`
`9.0 Rhodameen T-5
`
`Oleth-5
`PEG-4 laurate
`Modified oxethylated straight chain
`alcohol
`EO/PO block copolymers
`4 mol ethoxylated nonylphenol
`Modified oxyethylated straight chain
`alcohol
`Block copolymers of propylene oxide
`and ethylene oxide
`Tertiary amines; ethoxylates of primary
`tallow amines
`Linear alcohol ethoxylate
`9.0 Surtonic® L 12-3
`9.0 Surtonic® POA P-3 Ethoxylated propoxylated linear
`alc