\ The New Oxford
`
`American Dictionary
`
`EDITED BY
`
`Elizabeth J. Jewell
`Frank Abate
`
`UNIVERSITY PRESS
`
`lPR2015-0
`
`Fontem Ex. 2005, Page 1
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`
`IPR2015-00859
`Fontem Ex. 2005, Page 1 of 4
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`

`
`OXFORD
`UNIVERSITY PRESS
`
`NewYork Oxford
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`and associated companies in
`Berlin Ibadan
`
`The New Oxford American Dictionary is based on the New Oxford
`Dictionary ofEnglish, published in the United K.ingdom in 1998.
`
`Copyright © 2001 by Oxford University Press, Inc.
`
`Published by Oxford University Press, Inc.,
`198 Madison Avenue,
`New York, New York 10016
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`Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press.
`All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
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`Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
`Data available
`
`ISBN 0-19-51 1227—X (thumb index)
`
`This book includes some words that are, or are asserted to be, proprietary
`names or trademarks. Their inclusion does not imply that they have
`acquired for legal purposes a nonproprietary or general significance, nor is
`any other judgment implied concerning their legal status. In cases where
`the editor has some evidence that a word is used as a proprietary name
`or trademark, this is indicated by the designation trademark, but no
`judgment concerning the legal status of such words is made or implied
`thereby.
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`10987654321
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`Printed in the United States of America on acid—free paper
`
`lPR2015-00859
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`Fontem Ex. 2005; Page 2 of 4
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`9man,Gu|f of
`
`An independent sultanate known as Muscat and
`Oman until 1970, Oman was the most influential
`power in the region during the 19th century; it con-
`trolled Zanzibar and other territory. Since the late
`19th century, it has had strong links with Britain.The
`economy is dependent on oil, discovered in 1964.
`—Dl3RlVA’l‘l\/13S 0-ma-ni lo'méinel adj.&n.
`O-man, Gulf of an inlet of the Arabian Sea, connect-
`ed by the Strait of I-Iormuz to the Persian Gulf.
`0-mar I
`|‘t")miir|
`(c.581—644), A/luslim caliph 634--44.
`He conquered Syria, Palestine, and Egypt.
`0-mar Khay-yém |ki'£im; -‘a:m| (died 1123), Persian
`poet, mathematician, and astronomer. His rl¢l7[lf_\’(ll
`(qutitrains), found in The Ritbdiyzit of Omar Kliayyzim
`(translation published 1859), are meditations on the
`mysteries of existence and celebrations of worldly
`pleasures.
`o-ma-sum lo‘inasomj rn. (pl. omasa l—soj) Zoology the
`muscular third stomach of a ruminant animal, be~
`tween the reticulum and the abomasum. Also called
`PSALTEFHUM.
`—ORI(}lN early 18th cent.: from Latin, literally ‘bul-
`lock’s tripe.’
`O-may-yad ]o’mi(y)a:dl variant spelling ofUMAYYAD.
`OMB >abbr. (in the federal government) Office of Man—
`agcment and Budget.
`om-bre j'ainborj rn. a trick—taking card game for three
`people using a pack of forty cards, popular in Europe
`in the 17th—18th centuries.
`—OR1GlN from Spanish hombre ‘man,’ with reference
`to one player seeking to \vin the pool.
`om-bré l'ain,bra|
`radj. (of a fabric) having a dyed,
`printed, or woven design in which the color is gradu-
`ated from light to dark.
`—OR1GIN French, past participle of nmbrer ‘to shade.’
`ombro- >comb. form relating to rain: anzbroim/iliic.
`—ORI GIN from Greek ambros ‘rain shower.’
`om-bro-troph-ic |,'almbra'trofik; —'U‘lilll<l >adj. Ecology
`(of a bog or its vegetation) dependent on atmospheric
`moisture for its nutrients.
`om-buds-man |'ambodzmon;—,btmdz—| rn. (pl.-men)
`an official appointed to investigate individuals’ coin-
`plaints against maladministration, esp. that of public
`authorities.
`-ORIGIN 1950s: from Swedish, ‘legal representative.’
`om-buds-per-son j'éimbodz,porson; —boodz~l
`in. a
`person acting as an ombudsman.
`Om-dur-man |,émd9r‘manl a city in central Sudan,
`on the Nile River opposite Khartoum; pop. 229,000.
`-ome rsulllx chielly Biology forming nouns denoting ob-
`jects or parts having a specified nature: rhizome |
`tri-
`chome.
`-0 R1 G 1 N variant form of -OMA.
`0-me°ga lo'm-ago; 6'me—l >n. the twenty—fourth, and
`last, letter of the Greek alphabet (fl, oi), transliterated
`as ‘o’ or ‘o.’
`I the last ofa series; the final development: [as adj.j the
`omega point. I (Omega) [followed by Latin genitive]
`Astronomy the twenty—fourth star in a constellation:
`Omega Scorpii.
`>symbol I (ll) ohm(s): a 100.0 resistor.
`-0 RI GIN from Greek 6 mega ‘big O.’
`o-me-ga-3 fat-ty ac-id >n. an unsaturated fatty acid
`of a kind occurring chiefly in fish oils, with three dou-
`ble bonds at particular positions in the hydrocarbon
`chaini
`om-e-let |'am(a)lit| (also omelette) >n. a dish ofbeat—
`en eggs cooked in a frying pan until firm, often with a
`filling added while cooking, and usually served folded
`over.
`
`-0 R I r; l N French omelette, earlier amelcttc, alteration of
`alumeite,,variant_of alumelle, from lcmele ‘knife blade,’
`from Latin lamella (see LAMELLA). The association
`with ‘knife blade’ is probably because of the thin flat
`shape of an omelet.
`o-men |'oman| >n. an event regarded as a portent of
`good or evil: the ghost’: appearance was an ill omen] a
`rise in imports might be an onien of rccuwry.
`I prophetic significance: the room seemed :1 bird of evil
`onion.
`-0 R1 GIN late 16th cent.: from Latin.
`o-men-tum |o'mentamj rn. (pl. omenta |—to|) Anatomy
`:1 fold of peritoneum connecting the stomach with
`other abdominal organs.
`—DE1{lVA'l‘lVES o-men-tal |o'mentll ad].
`-0 R1 GIN late Middle English: from Latin.
`o-mer |'omor;
`'omer| >n. 1 an ancient Hebrew dry
`measure, the tenth part of an ephah.
`2 (Omer) Judaism a sheaf of corn or omer of grain pre-
`sented as an offering on the second day of Passover.
`I the period of 49 days between this day and Shavu—
`oth (Pentecost).
`-0 RIGIN from Hebrew ’o'mer.
`o-mer-ta |o'merto5 ,omer'ta| >n. (as practiced by the
`
`1194
`
`
`
`Mafia) a code of silence about criminal activity and a
`refusal to give evidence to authorities.
`om-i-cron l‘iimi,kriln; 'om—l
`rn. the fifteenth letter of
`the Greek alphabet (0, ti), trzmsliterated as ‘o.’
`I (Omicron) [followed by Latin genitive] Astronomy the
`fifteenth star in a constellation: Omicron Pisciimi.
`-ORIGIN from Greek 0 )7lllc)'()7l ‘little 0.’
`om-i-nous |'éimonnsj badj. giving the impression that
`something bad or unpleasant is going to happen;
`threatening;
`inauspicious:
`there were ominous darle
`clouds gathering I77J8)‘l1C(I(l.
`-1) 13RlVA'l'IV li s om-i-nousoly adv.; om-i-nous-ness n.
`—OR1G1N late 10th cent.: from Latin ominoncs, from
`omen, or1zii1— ‘omen.’
`o-mis-sion |o'misi»ionj >n. someone or something
`that has been left out or excluded:
`there are glaring
`onzisi‘io1is in the report.
`I the action of excluding or leaving out someone or
`
`something: the mni
`ion of recent publications from his
`bibliography. I a failure to do something, esp. some»
`thing that one has a moral or legal obligation to do:
`to pay romperistztio1ifoi' n turonyul act or omission.
`—1)I3RIVA'l‘lVES o-mis-sive |o'misivl adj.
`—OR1GlN late Middle English: from late Latin omis-
`sio(ii-), from the verb omiilcre (see OMIT).
`o-mit |o‘mit1 >v. (omitted,omitting) [lrans.] (often be
`omitted) leave out or exclude (someone or some-
`thing), either intentionally or forgetfully: [1 significant
`detail was oniittedfront _\lUlt)’ story.
`I fail or neglect to do (something); leave undone: the
`final rinse is omitted j
`[Willi inlinllive] he moilestlv omits
`to nzciililiri that he was pole-tioult clzampion.
`-DERIV:‘iTlV]iS o-mis-si-ble |o'ntisaball adj.
`—-ORIGIN late Middle English: from Latin anzinere,
`from ol7— ‘down’ + mixture ‘let go.’
`(pl. ommatidia
`om-ma-tid-i-um l,iiim'ticlL-ainj >n.
`|—‘tidea |) Entomology each of the optical units that make
`up a compound eye, as of an insect.
`—DERlVATIVES om-ma-lid-i-al |—'tideel adj.
`-ORIGIN late 19th cent.: modern Latin, from Greek
`omntmidioit, dimintitivc of ammo, ommat— ‘eye.’
`om-mat-o-phore lo'inzeto,f6rl >n. Zoology a part of an
`invertebrate animal, esp. a stalk or tentacle, that bears
`an eye.
`'
`-ORIGIN late 19th cent.: from Greek ammo, animat-
`‘eye’ + -PHORE.
`omni- >comb.form all; of all things: ommscient | ommfar—
`ious.
`I in all ways or places: miniitnnzpctent j omriipresent.
`—ORlG IN from Latin umriis ‘all.’
`om-ni-bus j‘amno,bosj >n.1 a volume containing sev-
`eral novels or other items previously published sepa-
`rately: zm nminbus o_/ lzerfirst trilogy.
`‘
`2 daled a bus.
`>adj. comprising several items: Congress passed an amni-
`bils a77ti—crime pac/cage.
`-0RiGiN early 19th cent.: via French from Latin, lit-
`erally ‘for all,‘ dative plural ofomiiis.
`om-ni-di-rec-tion-al | ,iin1i1i,di'rekSH9nl j rad]. Telecom-
`munications receiving signals from or transmitting in all
`directions.
`om-ni-far-i-ous l,iimno'fereasl >adj. formal comprising
`or relating to all sorts or varieties.
`—DER1VA’1'IV1£S om-ni-far-i-ous-ly adv.; om-ni-far-i-
`ous-ness n.
`—ORlGIN mid 17th cent.: front late Latin omriijariui‘ +
`-OUS; compare with MULTIFAFIIOUS.
`om-nip-0-tent |atn'nip3tont| badj. (ofa deity) having
`unlimited power; able to do anything.
`I having ultimate power and influence: an oiimipotent
`sotiercigri.
`m. (the Omnipotent) God.
`—DERIVATlVl£S om-nip-o-tence n.; om-nip-o-tent-ly
`adv.
`—ORlG1N Middle English (as a divine attribute): via
`Old French frciin Lntin mnnipan2nt- ‘al1—powerful.’
`om-ni-pres-ent j,:'iinno‘preznt| >adj. (of God) pres-
`ent everywhere at the same time.
`I widely or constantly encountered; common or
`widespread: the omnipresent /hrcat ofnatural disasters.
`—DERIVA’1‘l\’1iS om-ni-pres-ence n.
`—ORlGIN early 17th cent.: from medieval Latin om-
`nipraescnt—.
`om-ni-range, |'iimni,ranj| m. a navigation system in
`which short-range omnidirectional VHF transmitters
`serve as radio beacons.
`om-nis-cient jii1'i1'niSl'l3n[| >adj. knowing everything:
`the story is told by an omniscient narrator:
`-13 E R l VAT 1 v u s om-nis-cience n.; om-nis-cienl-Iy
`adv.
`—ORlGIN early 17th cent.: from medieval Latin umizili-—
`cierzt— ‘all-knowing,’ based on rare ‘to know.’
`om-ni-sex-u-al |,.‘imni'sel<sHowolj >adj. involving, re~
`lated to, or characteri/.ed by a diverse sexual propen-
`sity.
`
`— D i«: RIVATIV E s om-ni-sex-u-al-i-ty l-,S€l<SH:‘l’\\la:»
`lite] n.
`om-ni-um—ga’th-er-um jfaimnéom ga:_T_ijorom| >n. a
`collection of miscellaneous people or things.
`-0 RI G 1 N early 16th cent.: mock Latin, from Latin om-
`rzimn ‘of all’ and GATHEH + the Latin suffix —im1.
`om-ni-vore |‘amno,vérj >n. an animal or person that
`eats food of both plant and animal origin.
`-0 RI G i N late 19th cent.: from French, from Latin 0m~
`riioorus ‘omnivorous.’
`radj. (of an animal or
`om-niv-o-rous jam'niv(:>)rosl
`person) feeding on food of both plant and animal or-
`igin.
`I taking in or using whatever is available: an omrzivo~
`rout reader.
`-D 15 RIVATIV ES om-niv-o-rous-ly adv.; om-niv-o-
`rous-ness n.
`—OR1G1N mid 17th cent.: from Latin omnivorus +
`-OUS.
`(also omophagia) >n. the
`o-moph-a-gy |o'mafajéj
`eating of raw food, esp. raw meat.
`-Dl£RIVA’l"lVES o-mo-phag-ic |,omo'fa:jik| adj; o-
`moph-a-gist j—jist| n.; 0-moph-a-gous |—g:;s] adj.
`-0 R1 (3 IN early 18th cent.: from Greek omopliagia,
`from limos ‘raw’ + ~phagia (from phagcin ‘eat’).
`O-mot-ic jo'méitik| >n. a subfamily of Afro-Asiatic
`languages spoken in Ethiopia, with over thirty mem-
`bers.
`badj. denoting or belonging to this subfamily.
`-0 RIGIN 1970s: from 01720, the name of a river in
`southwestern Ethiopia, + -OTIC.
`ompha|o- rcomb. form relating to the navel.
`-0 RI GIN from Greek omphaloi ‘navel.’
`) po-
`|—loi
`om-pha-los | 'amfa1as| >n.
`(pl. omphaloi
`etic/lilerary the center or hub of something: this was the
`omphalos of confusion and strife.
`I :1 rounded stone (esp. that at Delphi) representing
`the navel of the earth in ancient Greek mythology.
`-0 RIGIN Greek, literally ‘navel.’
`Omsk [Omsk] a city in south central Russia, on the Ir-
`tysh River; pop. 1,159,000.
`ON1 babbr. Ontario (in official postal use).
`ON? rabbr. Old Norse.
`on jiin; t”)n| rprep. 1 physically in contact with and sup-
`ported by (a surface): on the table was a waterjug , she
`was lying on tliefloor I a Sign on the front gate.
`I located somewhere in the general surface area of (a
`place): an inzernmertt camp on the island] the house on
`the corner. I as a result of accidental physical contact
`With: one of the children had cut afoot on some glass I
`he banged his head on a beam. I supported by (a part
`of the body): he was lying on his back. I so as to be
`supported or held by: put it on the table. I in the pos—
`session of (the person referred to): she only had afew
`dollars on her.
`2 forming a distinctive or marked part of (the surface
`of something): a scratch on her arm j a smile on hcrface.
`3 having (the thing mentioned) as :1 topic: a book on
`careers j essays on a wide range of issues.
`I having (the thing mentioned) as a basis: modeled on
`the Mayflower Compact
`j dependent on availability.
`4 as a member of (a committee, jury, or other body):
`they would be allowed to serve on conmziztees.
`5 having (the place or thing mentioned) as a target:
`five air raids on the city l
`thousands marcliiiig on Wbsh-
`ingtori.
`I having (the thing mentioned) as a target for visual
`focus: her'eyes were fixed on his dark profile.
`6 having (the thing mentioned) as a medium for trans—
`mitting or storing information: put your ideas down on
`paper I stored on the client’: own computer.
`I being broadcast by (a radio or television channel): :1
`new TV series on Channel 4.
`7 in the course of (a journey): he was on his way to 588
`his mother.
`I while traveling in (a public conveyance): john go!
`some sleep on the plane. I on to (a public conveyance)
`with the intention of traveling in it: we got on the
`l7'(lHZ.
`8 indicatitig the day or part of a day during which an
`event takes place: reported on September 26] an a ve7'.V
`hot evening in _7uly.
`I at the time of: she was booed on arr'iviizg home.
`9 engaged in: his attendant was out on errands.
`10 regularly taking (a drug or medicine): he is an moI‘—
`phinc to relieve the pain.
`1 1 paid for by: the drinks are on me.
`12 added to: afcw cents on the electric bill is rtothing com‘
`pared with your security.
`radv. 1 physically in contact with and supported bY 3
`surface: make sure the lid is on.
`I (of clothing) being worn by a person: .r1't/mg wit/111""
`coat on l get your shoes on
`2 indicating continuation ofa movement or action: she
`burblod on | he drove on j and so mi.
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`linInIninIn
`
`In
`
`111
`
`In
`
`In
`
`In
`
`supply
`
`scarce: he meant to go, but time and gas were in short sup-
`ply. supply and demand the amount of a good or
`service available and the desire of buyers for it, con-
`sidered as factors regulating its price: by the law ofsup—
`ply and demand the cost ofhealzh care will plummet.
`-DERIVATIVES sup-pli-er n.
`—ORIGIN late Middle English: from Old French sou-
`pleer, from Latin supplere ‘fill up,’ from sub— ‘from
`below’ + plerc ‘fill.’ The early sense of the noun was
`‘assistance, relief’ (chiefly a Scots use).
`sup-ply? ['s:>p(a)lE|
`radv. variant spelling of supplely
`(see SUPPLE).
`supply chain >n. the sequence of processes involved
`in the production and distribution of a commodity.
`sup-ply-side >adj. [attrib.] Economics denoting or relating
`to a policy designed to increase output and employ-
`ment by changing the conditions under which goods
`and services are supplied, esp. by measures that re-
`duce government involvement in the economy and al-
`low the free market to operate.
`-DERIVATIVES sup-ply-sid-er n.
`sup-port ls9'p6rt|
`rv. [trans] 1 bear all or part of the
`weight of; hold up: the dome was supported by a hundred
`whitc columns.
`I produce enough food and water for; be capable of
`sustaining: the land had lost its capacity to support he.
`I be capable of fulfilling (a role) adequately: tutors
`gain practical experience that helps them support their
`tutoring role. I endure; tolerate: at work during the
`day I could support the grief.
`2 give assistance to, esp. financially; enable to function
`or act: the government gives $2.5 billion a year to support
`the activities of the voluntary sector.
`I provide with a home and the necessities of life: my
`main concern was to support myfamily. I give comfort
`and emotional help to: I like to visit her to support her.
`I approve of and encourage: the proposal was support-
`cd by many delegates. I suggest the truth of; corrobo-
`rate: the studies support our findings. I be actively in-
`terested in and concerned for the success of (a
`particular sports team). I [as adj.] (supporting) (of
`an actor or a role) important in a play or film but
`subordinate to the leading parts. I (ofa pop or rock
`group or performer) function as a secondary act to
`(another) at a concert.
`3 Computing (of a computer or operating system) allow
`the use or operation of (a program, language, or de-
`vice): the new versions do not support the graphical user
`interface standard.
`>n. 1 a thing that bears the weight of something or
`keeps it upright: the best support for a camera is a tripod.
`I the action or state of bearing the weight of some-
`thing or someone or of being so supported: she
`clutched the sideboardfor support.
`2 material assistance: he urged that military support be
`sent to protect humanitarian convoys l
`[as adj.] support
`staff
`I comfort and emotional help offered to someone in
`distress: she’s been through a bad time and needs our
`support. Iapproval and encouragement: the policies
`of reform cnjoy widespread support. I a secondary act
`at a pop or rock concert. I technical help given to
`the user of a computer or other product.
`-PH RAS ES in support of giving assistance to: air oper-
`ations in support of the land forces. I showing approval
`of: the paper printed many letters in support of the govern-
`ment. I attempting to promote or obtain: a strike in
`support ofan 8.5% pay raise.
`-DERIVATIVES sup-port-a-bil-i-ty ls:>,por1_a'biliie|
`n.; sup-port-a-ble adj.
`-0 RIGIN Middle English (originally in the sense ‘tol-
`erate, put up with’): from Old French supporter, from
`Latin supportarc, from sub- ‘from below’ + portare
`‘carry.’
`sup-port-er |so'p6rtar| HI. 1 a person who approves
`of and encourages someone or something (typically a
`public figure, a movement or party, or a policy): Rea-
`gan supporters | supporters of the boycott.
`I a person who is actively interested in and wishes
`success for a particular sports team.
`2 Heraldry a representation of an animal or other figure,
`typically one of a pair, holding up or standing beside
`an escutcheon.
`3 (in full athletic supporter) another term for JOCK-
`STFIAP.
`sup-port-ive |sa‘p6r1_iv| >adj. providing encourage-
`ment or emotional help:
`the stafl are extremely sup-
`portive ofeach other.
`—DERIVATIVES sup-port-ive-ly adv; sup-port~ive-
`ness n.
`sup-port-ive ther-a-py >n. treatment designed to im-
`prove, reinforce, or sustain a patient’s physiological
`well—being or psychological self—esteem and self-
`reliance.
`sup-port sys-tem >n
`
`1 a group of people who are
`
`1708
`
`available to support one another emotionally, socially,
`and sometimes financially: a support groupforgay teens.
`2 a system implemented with the aim of providing
`support for an enterprise, product line, or project:
`Unix system support group.
`[with clause] assume that
`sup-pose |sa‘p6z|
`rv. 1
`something is the case on the basis of evidence or prob-
`ability biit without proof or certain knowledge: I sup-
`pose I got there about halfpast eleven.
`I used to make a reluctant or hesitant admission: I’m
`quite a good actress, I suppose. I used to introduce a
`hypothesis and trace or ask about what follows from
`it: suppose he had been rttitrtlcredfltthat then? I [in im-
`perative] used to introduce a suggestion: suppose we
`leave this to the police. I (of a theory or argument) as-
`sume or require that something is the case as a pre-
`condition: the procedure supposes that a will has al-
`ready been proved |
`[trans]
`the theory supposes a
`predisposition to zntcrprct utterances. I [trans.] believe
`to exist or to possess a specified characteristic: he
`supposed the girl to be about twelve [
`[as adj.] (sup-
`posed) people admire their supposed industriousncss.
`2 (be supposed to do something) be required to do
`something because of the position one is in or an
`agreement one has made: I’m supposed to be meeting
`someone at the airport.
`I [with negative] be forbidden to do something: I
`shouldn’t have been in the kitchcn—I’nt not supposed to
`go in there.
`—t>i~rttt\st~:s I suppose so used to express hesitant or
`reluctant agreement.
`-DE RIVATI VES sup-pos-a-ble adj.
`-OR] G 1N Middle English: from Old French supposer,
`from Latin supponerc (from sub— ‘from below’ + ponere
`‘to place’), but influenced by Latin suppositus ‘set un-
`der’ and Old French poser ‘to place.’
`sup-pos-ed-ly ls9'p('>Zidlél >adv.
`[sentence adverb] ac-
`cording to what is generally assumed or believed (of-
`ten used to indicate that the speaker doubts the truth
`of the statement): the ads are aimed at women, suppos-
`cdly because they do the shopping.
`sup-po-si-tion |,sap9'zisHanl m. an uncertain belief:
`they were working on the supposition that his death was
`murder
`|
`their outrage was based on supposition and
`hearsay.
`-DERIVATIVES sup-po-si-tion-al |-sttanll ad].
`-0 RIGIN late Middle English (as a term in scholastic
`logic): from Old French, or from late Latin supposi-
`tio(n-)
`(translating Greek hupothesis ‘hypothesis’),
`from the verb suppmieic (see SUPPOSE).
`sup-po-si-tious |,s9pa'zisH9s| >adj. 1 based on as-
`sutnption rather than fact: most of the evidence is purely
`sttppositious.
`2 supposititious.
`—DERlV/\’l'lVES sup-po-si-tious-ly adv.; sup-po-si-
`tious-ness n,
`—0RIGIN early 17th cent. (in the sense ‘suppositi-
`tious’): partly a contraction of SUPPOSITITIOUS, rein-
`forced by SUPPOSITION.
`sup-pos-i-ti-tious lso,pa2o'tisHos >adj.1 substituted
`for the real thing; not genuine: the suppositizious heir to
`the throne.
`2 suppositious.
`—DlERlVA'l‘lVlES sup-pos-i-ii-tious-ly adv.; sup-pos-i-
`ti-tious-ness n.
`—0RIGIN early 17th cent; from Latin supposititius
`(from supponcrc ‘to substitute’) + -OUS.
`sup-pos-i-to-ry lsa'piiza,t€)rE|
`>n.
`(pl. -ies) a solid
`medical preparation in a roughly conical or cylindrical
`shape, designed to be inserted into the rectum or va-
`gina to dissolve.
`—ORlGIN late Middle English: from medieval Latin
`supposirarirmz, neuter (used as a noun) of late Latin
`suppositorius ‘placed underneath.’
`sup-press |sa'pres| >v. [trans.] forcibly put an end to:
`the uprising was savagely suppressed.
`I prevent the development, action, or expression of (a
`feeling, impulse, idea, etc.); restrain: she could not
`suppress (Z rising panic. I prevent the dissemination of
`(information): the report had been suppressed. I pre-
`vent or inhibit (a process or reaction): use of the drug
`suppressed the immune response. Ipartly or wholly
`eliminate (electrical interference). I Psychoanalysis
`consciously inhibit (an unpleasant idea or memory)
`to avoid considering it.
`-DERIVATIVES sup-press-i-ble adj.; sup-pres-sive
`|—siv| adj.; sup-pres-sor l-sarl n.
`—Ol<lGIN late Middle English: from Latin suppress-
`‘pressed down,’ from the verb supprimere, from sub-
`‘down’ + prcmcru ‘to press.’
`sup-pres~sant |so'presantl >n. a drug or other sub-
`stance that acts to suppress or restrain something: an
`appetite suppressant.
`sup-pres-sion |s:J'preSI~I:Jn| m. the action of sup-
`pressing something such as an activity or publication:
`
`n,;
`
`Supreme Soviet
`the Coinnturlist I’arIy’s forcible suppression of the opposi-
`lion in 1948.
`I Medicine stoppage or reduction of a discharge or Se.
`cretion. I Biology the absence or nondevcloprnent of
`a part or organ that is normally present. I Genetics
`the canceling of the effect of one mutation by a sec.
`ond mutation. I Psychology the restraint or repression
`of an idea, activity, or reaction by something mom
`powerful. I Psychoanalysis the conscious inhibition of
`unacceptable memories, impulses, or desires. I pre.
`vcntion of electrical interference.
`sup-pres-sor cell
`lsa'presar|
`(also suppressor T
`cell) >n. Physiology :1 lymphocyte that can suppress anti-
`body production by other lymphoid cells.
`sup-pu-rate l‘sopya,ratl >v. [intrans] undergo the for-
`mation of pus; fester.
`—D1ZRlVA'l‘IVES sup-pu-ra-tion |,sapyo'rasHan|
`sup-pu-ra-live |—,rativl adj.
`-ORIGIN late Middle English (in the sense ‘cause to
`fortn pus’): based on Latin sub— ‘below’ + pus, pur-
`.pus.,
`supr. rabbr. I superior. I supreme.
`su-pra |'scTopral radv. formal used in academic or legal
`texts to refer to someone or something mentioned
`above or earlier: the recent work by ll/lc/luslan and others
`(supra).
`-ORIGIN Latin.
`supra- rprelix 1 beyond, transcending: supranational.
`2 above: suprarenal.
`-ORIGIN from Latin supra ‘above, beyond, before in
`time.’
`su-pra-chi-as-mat-ic nu-cle-us |‘soT>pr;>,ki:>z'm:ct-
`ik I m. Anatomy each ofa pair of small nuclei in the hy-
`pothalamus of the brain, above the optic chiasma,
`thought to be concerned with the regulation of physi-
`ological circadian rhythms.
`su-pra-mo-lec-u-lar l ,soT)pr9ma’lel<yolor| >adj. Bio-
`chemistry relating to or denoting structures composed
`of several or many molecules.
`radj. having
`su-pra-na-lion-al
`|,so‘opro'naes1-ianll
`power or influence that transcends national bound-
`aries or governments: supranational law.
`-DERIVATIVES su-pra-na-tion-at-ism |—,izam| n.;
`su-pra-na-tion-al-i-ty |—,naesHs'n;elitel n.
`su-pra-op-tic |,so”opra'aptik| >adj. Anatomy situated
`above the optic chiasma.
`su-pra-or-bit-al |,st)T)pr9'6rbitl| >adi. Anatomy situated
`above the orbit of the eye.
`su-pra-re-nal
`| ,so_opra‘renl[ >adj. Anatomy another
`term for ADRENAL.
`|,sc>ppra,seg'mentl| Linguistics
`su-pra-seg-men-tal
`radj. denoting a feature of an utterance other than the
`consonantal and vocalic components, e.g., (in Eng-
`lish) stress and intonation.
`>n. such a feature.
`su-prem-a-cist |s9'premasist; so’o-| >n. an advocate
`of the supremacy ofa particular group, esp. one deter-
`mined by racc or sex: a white supremacist.
`badj. relating to or advocating such supremacy.
`-DERIVATIVES su-prem-a-cism |—,sizam| n.
`su-prem-a-cy lsa'prem:;se; soc-| >n. the state or con-
`dition of being superior to all others in authority,
`power, or status: the supremacy of the king.
`su-prem-a-tism |s9‘prems,tizom; so“o—| >n. the Rus-
`sian abstract art movement developed by Kazimir
`Malevich c.1915, characterized by simple geometric
`shapes and associated with ideas of spiritual purity.
`—D 12 R1vA'r1v‘13s su-prem-a-tist n.
`su-preme lsa‘prern; soT3—|
`rad]. (of authority or an
`office, or someone holding it) superior to all others: it
`tmifiedforce with a supreme commander.
`I strongest, most important, or most powerful: on the
`racetrack he reigned supreme. I very great or in—
`tense; extreme: he was nerving himself for a supreme
`effort. I (of a penalty or sacrifice) involving death:
`our comrades who made the supreme sacrifice. I [post-
`posilive] used to indicate that someone or something
`is very good at or well known for a specified activity:
`here was the gift supreme.
`>n. (also supréme) a rich cream sauce.
`I a dish served in such a sauce: chicken suprcrttt’.
`[0 RIGIN: from French supréme.]
`-1’ ll RASES the Supreme Being a name for God.
`-1312 RIVATIVES su-preme-ly adv.
`—ORIGIN late 15th cent. (in the sense ‘highest’): from
`Latin suprcmus, superlative of supcrus ‘that is abovel
`from super ‘above.’
`.
`Su-preme Court >n. the highest judicial court in most
`US states.
`I (in full US Supreme Court) the highest federal
`court in the US, consisting of nine justices and tak-
`ing judicial prccedence over all other courts in the
`nation.
`su-preme pon-tiff >n. see PONTIFF.
`Su-preme So-vi-et >n. the governing council of th€
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