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`VIRNETX EXHIBIT 2007
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`Apple V. VirnetX
`Trial IPR2015-00812
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`VIRNETX EXHIBIT 2007
`Apple v. VirnetX
`Trial IPR2015-00812
`
`

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`Oabemezklcflraw-Hill
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`cllent bEBefi
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`An application management suite from BMC that uses agents to report on software activities on all the
`PATROL
`servers within the enterprise. Using the information in ”knowledge modules" (KMS) about each system component,
`agents detect events, collect information and notify system and network administrators to take corrective action.
`FAX
`(1) (Private Automatic Exchange) An inhouse intercom system.
`{2) (Parallel Architecture Extended} A parallel processing environment standard based on Intel’s 1860 RISC chip,
`UNIX System V and Alliant Computer's parallel and 3—D graphics technologies.
`payload
`The data-carrying capacity of some structure. It typically refers to a part of a packet or frame in a
`communications system that holds the message data in Contrast to the headers, Which are considered overhead.
`
`
`See Web payment service.
`payment service
`Software distributed for money. Contrast withfrcewarc.
`
`payware
`
`PB See Powchuilder.
`
`PBX
`(Private Branch eXchange) An inhouse telephone switching
`system that interconnects telephone extensions to each other, as well as
`to the outside telephone network. It may include functions such as least
`cost routing for outside calls, call forwarding, conference calling and call
`accounting. Modern PBXs use allwdigital methods for switching and may
`support both digital terminals and telephones along with analog
`telephones. See WPBX.
`
`
`
`
`An Early PBX
`This PBX began operation In Bangor. Maine in
`1883. (image courtesy of AT&T.)
`
`
`
`
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`
`
`Muttlmedla
`Controller
`(sound, u‘amo)
`
`lnlernal
`Modem
`
`HO Controller
`
`(hard dlak,
`floppy, serial,
`parallnl)
`
`
`PG (3) (Printed Circuit) See printed circuit board,
`(2) (Personal Computer) Any laptop or desktop
`computer such as Windows machine or a Macintosh
`(1) (Personal Computer) A standalone laptop or
`desktop computer running Windows (or DOS for earlier
`applications). PC hardware and operating systems are
`primarily governed by Intel and Microsoft respectively.
`The PC is the world’s largest computer base.
`PCs are also widely used as clients and servers in a local
`area network (LAN). PC clients predominantly run under
`Windows, but PC servers (xfié-based servers) run under
`Windows, NetWare or a variation of UNIX such as Linux
`or Urdeare. PC servers may use Windows 95/98, but
`Windows NT and 2000 are more likely choices.
`Although there are literally thousands of PC vendors,
`from mom and pop shops to large mail order houses (Dell,
`Gateway, etc.) to the major computer companies (Compaq,
`HP, etc), and of course IBM, still one of the world’s largest
`PC makers, all PCS use an intel x86 or compatible CPU.
`After IBM introduced the PC in 1981, the first attempts at
`cloning it were mostly unsuccessful. Except for Compaq’s first
`PC, from 1982 to 1985, there were a lot of ”almost compatible” PCs. However, as soon as the part of the operating system
`known as the BIOS was successfully cloned and made comercially available, true compatibles appeared in abundance.
`Before Windows 95, adding another peripheral deVice to a PC was often an exercise in trial and error. Modifying
`DOS’s infamous configuration files (AUTUEXBCBAT and CONFIGSYS) caused many a user to give up. Windows 95.
`98 and 2000 added Plug and Play, which means for the most part, you can replace hard disks and display adapters, as
`well as add a scanner, (CD-ROM or other device without difficulty.
`The PC has become a commodity item, winding its Way onto the shelves of retail outlets worldwide. This is a
`testimonial to the power of a computer standard, even one fraught with loopholes and inconsistencies.
`
`
`
`Ewan-Ion
`Slots {has}
`
`Motherboard
`CPU
`Ix
`
`
`What’s Enslda a PC?
`
` Computer Desktop Encyclopedia
`
`Page 4 of 9
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`persuaal camputer
`
`’15:},
`
`
`Fer!
`(Prazzficzsi fixtraciinn Report Language} J; pmgramming imguage written Egg mm: Wall that mmh‘mgs syntax
`from several WK wiiitles and languagm introduced in @837, Perl £5; designed k3 hmdie a variety 0E system
`adminigtrmor Emma-rm and provldey aempwhensive sfrizsg handllng fumu‘ms. TI is; w ‘niely used m write WEB aerum‘
`programs for such tasks as autonmtlmlly updating user acmxmls and "@53de pastingsj [Humming removal reguesm
`
`symhmnizing databases and gurmmlmg repuria Perl has also been {1:1an m. newUNlX plaélmtmsvfie also FURL.
`
`
`
`£1} A soft {Ont lhal is key? in the printer's manner}? until (he prinlm i3 turned off.
`parmamnf font
`{2) Same as Wanted{(3213,
`
`
`permanent Mammy
`
`Same as nrsl'bwlalilr: memory.
`
`One passibifl wmbinalian of Harm wt of a larger Sat of imms. For example, with the set of Wm
`permmatlon
`
`1} :2 and 3, mere are six posséhle pamwulaiions: :9; 2i, ’13, 31, 23 and 3%»
`
`
`Seamrtimirecwéfifig,
`penguin cular (wording
`par seat By woriwmiiom. See per mm Hamming.
`
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`Sofhvara limmmg [sawed on 11 per use: basis, Fer emmpfiz}, 2; 1064mm Emma means that up
`53m seat “gaming
`to 200 specificaiiywmmed users fiave «we; to the pmgmm. Per seat iicamireg is administemcfi is}! providing mermimwl
`
`security {a {he dérccmry canta‘ming Hm program: Comma: with mnmn‘em‘ Naming.
`
`fiemistenw (1) In a CRT, {he lime u phoesphm d 01 remains illumnatad aftar {xemg energized. Lortg—mmisteuce
`galwgphars reduce: flécézcrl but gemram ghwéwlflce images that 1133a”: on screen far a fraction of a second.
`
`{23 in, objeci lecimakzgy, the starageoi a2: ehject on a 2mg (yr Omar permamnt :smrage dcvlm
`
`{hm aihm exists Ram sesaion to session i’ezsisfenf; aim: is stored If: a; zimabase. on digk or rage.
`fwflilmen‘t data
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`Casting? with irtmm’mé data. '
`
`perslstenf llnk 3mm: link.
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`yemlstent 13th An object that centinues m exist after Mgmgmm that «email it has Mm unlmdecl. An
`obiect’s class: anti cufrsz state must be saved fer use in aubsequmr sefisiuns. I’n claim: technology, persistence means
`staring the object For am: “am,
`
`gamma] agent See agam.
`
`personal communicator
`
`5m FDA.
`
`Syaonymmxs with ”micwcnmputec,” ”(1%:ka cnmpmer,“ and "laying; Compgter,” it $3 3
`gymsunal campmer
`Computer téxa: WWflS Line user in the Office or home. A campiete mammal campumr system with ixfinbcr can cosé as
`little as fight} or as much :19 $8,000 Q!” mare. Size is based rm memory and disk capacityfipeed i3 53336. on the CFC
`that runs it; and output (11231331 is famed on lha type and resoiufiuu of its mamléar and primcxu
`
`Maw Suppfiars of Personal Compumm The pemml computer wurld ls daminatcd izy Wllwlowhami FEES,
`Ma are ihousmds cfmndom mat makfi than, {rem mm'fium pop shopa in hugu tnmpmes mach a5 {Enigma}, HP
`and {EMA The albermte parsonnl comgmler standard l3 appla’g Macintmsly Which is {3433 tnucle‘by Aggie. {11311 and
`Cfimrmdoru nnre carved out their rwgmfive nicheu, but Atari relumeé E0 E13 gamjmg mats and Commadam has 55mm
`closed its (105:5.
`
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`
`'l‘iu—z» immm began in W”, when Apple, Radio Shack wed Cmnmodom
`“file His-333m fif’PWSOHEI Comgmers
`in lz'wclumi {aim first offnlhmsheif romputers nsgmnsumer pracluula. The first machinas usual H n 8-133: m¥m0pflmwsm
`with a zlmimmz or £14K anmmmy" and floppy'éislm fur mamas. The Apple ill Mari 50E}, ami Cummudore 54 lxgmg’le
`Impular'hmm computem, and Appit: W53 auccmful ln cumpasfies after m Vigimcspraadihmli was hit-ruclumé.
`Howwer, the buslnw wvrkj was soon (flammai'efi by {me 2580 processor and CWM operaéfifig Bysiem, wed Ely
`
`
`
`fiomgatgr Besktup Meyelogefila
`
`Page 5 of 9
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`

`

`804
`
`gried
`
`protocol stack
`
`
`
`
`
`protocol stack The hierarchy of protocols used in a communications network. Network architectures desi
`in layers, such as TCP/IP, 05] and SNA, are referred to as stacks. See 051'.
`
`protocol suite
`Same as protocol stack.
`_._.H__.__
`(1) Creating a demo ofa new systan. Prototyping is essential for clarifying informationrequiramems
`prototyping
`The design of a system (functionalspecs} must be finalized before the system can bebuilt. While analyticallyflriemed ‘
`people may have a clear picture of requirements, others may not.
`Using fourthugeneration languages, systems analysts and users can develop the new system together. Databases Can
`be created and manipulated while the user monitors the progress. Once users see tangible output on screen or Paper
`they can figure out what’s missing or what the next question might be if this were a production system. Ifprototypkig
`is carefully done, the end result canbe a working system.
`Evenif the final system is reprogrammed in other languages for standardization or machine efficiency, prototyping
`has served to provide specifications for a working system rather than a theoretical one.
`{2) Seefunction prototyping.
`
`provisioned
`Setupforaparticulartypeoftelecommunicationsservice.Seeprovisioning.
`
`,
`provisioning
`Settingup a telecommudcations service fora particular customer. Common carriersprovision
`circuits by programming their computersto switchcustomer lines into the appropriatenetworks.
`proxy ISee proxyserver.
`proxy cache
`A facility in aproxy server thatcaches incomingWeb pageson thehard disk. Ifthenextpage
`requested by a browser is already in the proxy cache, the page is retrieved locally instead of from the internet. With
`proxy caches, the browsers mustbe configured to use the proxy server. See proxy server; reverse proxy cache, transparent
`cache and Web cache.
`‘
`
`proxy server Also called a ”proxy” or ”application level gateway," it is an application that breaks the connection
`between sender and receiver. Allinput is forwarded out a different port, closing a straight pathbetweentwo networks
`and preventinga hacker from obtaininginternal addresses and details of a private network.
`Proxyservers are available for commonInternetservices; forexample, anHTTPproxyis usedforWebaccess, and
`an SMTFproxy is used for email. Proxies generally employ network address translation (NAT), which presents one
`orgardzation-wide IP address to the Internet. It funnels all user requests to the internet and fans responses back out to
`the appropriate users. Proxies may also cache Web pages, so that the next request can be obtained locally. Proxies are
`only one tool that can be used to build a firewall. See LAMfirewall, proxy cache and SOCKS server.
`.....__
`PR/SM (Processor Resource/Systems Manager} Hardware circuits and microcode built into IBM System/390
`mainframes that support logical partitions (LPARS). LPARs allow the running of multiple system images on a single
`processor complex. Each such image has a full complement of CPUs (dedicated or shared), central storage, expanded
`storage and channels. ESCON and FlCON channels may be shared across images using the W feature. Pronounced
`“prism.” PR/SM was derived from VM, the IBM operating system that provides multiple system images in software.
`See LPAR, MI? and VM.
`
`PRT 88
`See print screen.
`ps
`(1] (PicoSecond) See space/time.
`(2) (PS—Personal Services) IBM office automation software forPCs, minis and mainframes, whichincludesword
`processing, electronic mail and library services.
`(3) (PostScript) SeePostScript.
`
`PS/l
`An early IBM home computer series introduced in 1990. The original models featured an integrated monitor
`and easy~t0uopen case, The first PS/l was a 286 with an ISA bus. See PC.
`
`corfll
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`Computer Desktop Encyclopedia
`
`
`
`Page 6 of 9
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`

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`994
`
`TSEIP
`
`_ MM
`
`(Thin Small Outline Package) A very»thin, plastic, rectangular surface mount chip package with gullvwing
`TSOP
`
`pins on its two short sides. TSOPs are about a third as thick as SO] chips. See gull-wing lead, SOP, SO] and chip package.
`
`T-span
`
`A 24—charmcl group, which makes up one T1 line, See TI.
`
`(Terminate and. Stay Resident) Refers to a program that remains in memory when the user exits it in order
`TSR
`that it be immediately available at the press of a hotkey. TSRs were popular under DOS to quickly pop up a calendar,
`calculator or other utility, because DOS did not have built-in task switching. Standards for writing TSRs were not
`codified early on, and TSRs often conflicted with each other and regular applications. After Windows 3.0, TSRs became
`moot, since any D05 or Windows application could be conveniently task switched in a separate window.
`
`T‘s—S-
`
`See ITU.
`
`(Tree and Tabular Combined Notation} A programming language endorsed by 150 that is used to-write test
`TTCN
`suites for teleconununications systems. TTCN is used for ”black box testing,” which means that all interaction to the
`system is via messages, rather than by a user with a mouse. Test suites are built in a hierarchical and modular manner,
`allowing many programmers to be involved in the project. Numerous telecorn vendors use TFCN for their products, and
`
`organizations such as the ITU, ATM Forum and BIG], provide 'iTCN conformance'tests for new standards.
`
`TTFN
`
`Digispeak for goodbye (”ta ta for now").
`
`TT font
`
`See TrueType.
`
`(1) (Transistor Transistor Logic} A digital circuit composed of bipolar transistors wired in a certain manner.
`TTL
`'iTL logic has been widely used since the early days of digital circuitry. TTL designations may appear on input or
`' output ports of various devices, which indicates a digital circuit in contrast to an analog circuit.
`{2) (Time To Live) A set maximum amount of time a packet is allowed to propagate through the network before it
`is discarded.
`
`(3) {Through The Lens) Refers to a single~iens reflex camera that lets the photographer View the scene through the
`same lens that captures the image.
`,_.....
`T.TUD See T120.
`
`(TeleTYpewriter protocol) A low-speed asynchronous communications protocol with limited or no
`TTY protocol
`
`error checking. See teletypewriter.
`tube
`See CRT and vacuum tube.
`
`A laser that can change its frequency over a given range, in time, tunable lasers are expected to be
`tunable laser
`
`capable of switching frequencies on a packet—by—packet basis.
`'
`
`tuner An electronic part of a radio or TV that locks on to a selected carrier frequency (station, channel) and filters
`out the audio and video signals for amplification and display.
`
`tunneling Transmitting data-structured in one protocol format within the format of another protocol. Tunneling
`
`allows other types of transmission streams to be carried within the prevailing protocol. See iP tunneling and LZTP.
`
`tuple
`
`In relational database management, a record, or row. See relational database.
`
`A C compiler from Borland used to create a wide variety of commercial products. it is known for its
`Turbo 0
`well-designed debugger. Borland's object-oriented versions of C are Turbo C++ and Borland C++.
`The DOS version of this database is written in Turbo C. The Windows version is written in Microsoft C.
`
`A type of channel coding that uses a convolutional code and a type of Viterbi decoder that outputs a
`turbo code
`continuous value rather than a O or 1. See convolutioual code and Viterbi decoder.
`
`Computer Desktop Encyclopedia
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`Page 7 of 9
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`Commits: 323M633 Encyclupadia
`
`Page 8 of 9
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`

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`computer Eluktup Encyclopésfiz
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`Page 9 of 9
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