(19) United States
`(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2002/0116415 A1
`Dutta et al.
`(43) Pub. Date:
`Aug. 22, 2002
`
`US 20020116415A1
`
`(54) METHOD TO REFORMAT REGIONS WITH
`CLUTTERED HYPERLINKS
`
`(75) Inventors: Rabindranath Dutta, Austin, TX (US);
`Karthikeyan Ramamoorthy, Austin,
`TX (US)
`
`Correspondence Address:
`Duke W. Yee
`Carstens, Yee & Cahoon, LLP
`PO. Box 802334
`Dallas, TX 75380 (US)
`
`(73) Assignee: International Business Machines Cor
`poration, Armonk, NY (US)
`
`(21) APPL No.
`
`09/791,152
`
`(22) Filed;
`
`Feb 22, 2001
`
`Publication Classi?cation
`
`(51) Int. Cl.7 ................................................... .. G06F 15/00
`
`(52) US. Cl. ............................................................ .. 707/516
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`A method for presenting a page, having a set of links, on a
`data processing system is provided. The page is prepro
`cessed to form a processed page, Wherein the processed page
`is unpresented Within the data processing system. A deter
`mination is made as to Whether or not the links Within the
`page fall Within a proximity policy. Responsive to a deter
`mination that the page falls outside of the proximity policy,
`the page is reformatted to fall Within the proximity policy.
`The mechanism of the present invention includes a prepro
`cessing process and a policy structure for reformatting an
`electronic document page. The policy structure of the
`present invention alloWs the user to specify the appearance
`of the electronic document page. The policy structure as
`de?ned by the user is stored such that When the user returns
`to the page, the page may be displayed according to the
`policy structure de?ned by the user.
`
`50%‘
`
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`WhatsApp/Facebook Ex. 1020
`IPR2015-00740
`
`001
`
`

`
`Patent Application Publication Aug. 22, 2002 Sheet 1 0f 6
`
`US 2002/0116415 A1
`
`202
`\
`PROCESSOR
`
`204
`/
`PROCESSOR
`
`SYSTEM BUS
`
`<5
`
`206
`/
`>
`
`MEMORY
`208\ CONTROLLER/ I/o BRIDGE /2IO
`CACHE
`
`?
`209
`LOCAL
`\ MEMORY
`
`GRAPHICS
`ADAPTER
`
`230/
`
`214
`/
`PCI BUS
`BRIDGE
`
`<:‘
`
`212/ [/0
`BUS
`
`2/22
`PCI BUS
`A“; BRIDGE
`
`HARD DISK
`
`PC] BUS
`232/
`<: BRIDGE
`FIG. 2 v
`\ 224
`
`SERVER
`200
`,/
`
`PCI BUS
`?
`
`2/16
`>
`?
`NETWORK
`ADAPTER
`MODEM
`\
`G
`218 P01 BUS 220
`x >
`226
`
`PCI BUS
`x J>
`228
`
`WhatsApp/Facebook Ex. 1020
`IPR2015-00740
`
`002
`
`

`
`Patent Application Publication Aug. 22, 2002 Sheet 2 0f 6
`
`US 2002/0116415 A1
`
`célggT
`\
`
`302
`\
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`:-__——lL_____:3O6
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`508
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`PROCESSOR @ CACHE BRIDCE <:> MEMORY
`II
`BIS
`a
`EXPQYEION
`INTERFACE
`\
`514
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`
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`/
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`ADAPTER
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`
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`ADAPTER
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`L ______________ _ _ J FIG. 3
`
`492
`40\O
`GRAPHICAL USER ‘INTERFACE
`NAvICATION
`PREEERENCEs
`INTERFACE
`/
`\
`408
`4/18
`400
`GRAPHICAL DISPLAY
`
`MENIIs
`/
`404
`
`FIG. 4
`
`LATOUT
`/
`420
`
`WINDOW
`MANAGEMENT
`\
`424
`
`RIENDERING
`/
`422
`4/12
`LANGUAGE INTERPRETATION
`HTML
`IAvAsCRIPT
`/
`\
`4T4
`410
`
`4/10
`COMMUNICATIONS
`
`WhatsApp/Facebook Ex. 1020
`IPR2015-00740
`
`003
`
`

`
`Patent Application Publication Aug. 22, 2002 Sheet 3 0f 6
`
`US 2002/0116415 A1
`
`504
`
`506
`
`508
`
`Shop\ Auclions ' Clésifieds - Pa> Direci - Shopping - Travel ' Yellow Pages - Maps -
`510
`\lWMedia/Finance/Quole's - News - Sporls - Wealher - Connecl Chal - Clubs - Experls .
`512JwGeoCilies - Greelings - lnviles - Mail - Members Messenger - Mobile ' Personals -
`People Search - Personal Address Book - Breilcase ' Calendar - My Yahoo! - Pholos -
`Fun Games - KidsMovies - Music - TV - more....
`
`502
`
`FIG. 5A
`
`506
`504
`Shop\Auclions - Classifieds -
`
`508
`Pa\y\ Direcl - Shopping - Travel '
`
`>Yellow Pages ' Maps ' Media/Finance/Quoles - News - Sporls -
`
`514
`
`522/» Wealher '
`
`Connecl Chal - Clubs - Experls - GeoCiiies - Greelings -
`
`Mail - Members Messenger - Mobile - Personals - People Search -
`
`lnviles - }
`516
`
`Personal Address Book - Briefcase - Calendar - My Yahoo! - Phoios -
`
`518
`M
`
`Fun Games - KidsMovies - Music - TV - more...
`
`FIG. 5B
`
`WhatsApp/Facebook Ex. 1020
`IPR2015-00740
`
`004
`
`

`
`Patent Application Publication Aug. 22, 2002 Sheet 4 0f 6
`
`US 2002/0116415 A1
`
`602
`\
`WEB
`SERVER
`
`A
`
`V
`
`WEB
`BROWSER
`/
`606
`
`4
`
`‘
`
`WEB
`= DATABASE
`
`604
`
`VIRTUAL
`> DISPLAY \608
`
`FI G. 6
`
`LISER<_
`610
`
`702 x WEB
`SERvER
`
`4
`
`
`
`; \
`
`
`
`WEB DATABASE
`
`V
`
`A
`
`V
`
`WEB
`708/ BROWSER
`
`A
`
`V
`
`V
`
`=
`
`<
`
`NORMAL cSS \
`710
`
`SPECIAL CSS
`FOR UNCLUTFERING \714
`HYPER—LINKS
`
`712/ USER
`
`FIG. 7
`
`WhatsApp/Facebook Ex. 1020
`IPR2015-00740
`
`005
`
`

`
`Patent Application Publication Aug. 22, 2002 Sheet 5 0f 6
`
`US 2002/0116415 A1
`
`I
`
`START I
`
`V
`
`V
`
`FIG. 8
`
`802\ RECEIVE URL REQUEST
`4'
`BROWSER CONTACTS THE
`804\ SERVER TO REQUEST AN ———_¢
`ELECTRONIC DOCUMENT
`ASSOCIATED WITH URL
`BROWSER RENDERS
`THE DOCUMENT ON
`VIRTUAL DISPLAY
`I
`SERVER SEARCHES WEB
`I
`806\ DATABASE TO DETERMINE
`IE AN ELECTRONIC
`DOCUMENT ASSOCIATED
`WITH URL EXISTS
`
`/ 824
`
`BROWSER ANALYZES
`DOCUMENT VERTICAL AND
`HORIZONTAL SPACINC
`BETWEEN HYPERLINKS
`
`/ 826
`
`808
`
`DOES
`DOCUMENT
`
`SERVER REIRIEVES
`DOCUMENT FROM
`WEB DATABASE
`I
`SERVER SENDS
`812/ DOCUMENT TO BROWSER
`I
`BROWSER RECEIVES
`DOCUMENT
`
`814/
`
`HAS USER
`PREFERENCE BEEN
`SET TO UNCLUTTER
`DOCUMENT?
`
`YES
`
`816
`
`DISPLAY MESSAGE
`INDICATING THAT NO
`7 DOCUMENT IS ASSOCIATED
`WITH URL REQUEST
`
`828
`
`IS
`ANY REGION
`OF DOCUMENT PAGE
`CLUTIERED
`?
`
`YES
`BROWSER REFORMATS
`PAGE BY
`INTRODUCING TAGS
`
`f 830
`
`V
`BROWSER RENDERS
`DOCUMENT PAGE
`I
`RECEIVE USER REQUEST
`TO RENDER NEXT
`PAGE OF DOCUMENT
`
`DOES
`
`A SUCCEEDING
`PAGE?
`
`856
`
`834
`
`WhatsApp/Facebook Ex. 1020
`IPR2015-00740
`
`006
`
`

`
`Patent Application Publication Aug. 22, 2002 Sheet 6 0f 6
`
`US 2002/0116415 A1
`
`FfG 9
`
`916
`HAS USER
`PREFERENCE BEEN
`SET TO UNCLUTIER
`DOCUMENT?
`
`924
`
`904\
`
`@@
`TV
`902\ RECEIVE URL REQUEST
`I
`BROWSER REQUESTS
`A WEB PAGE
`ASSOCIATED WITH
`URL FROM WEB SERVER
`i
`SERVER SEARCHES WEB
`DATABASE TO DETERMINE
`906
`\ IF A WEB DOCUMENT
`ASSOCIATED
`WITH URL EXISTS
`
`908
`
`REGIONS OF THE
`WEB PAGE CLUTIERED
`WITH HYPERLINKS
`'2
`
`NO
`
`V=
`v
`
`BROWSER RENDERS
`WEB PAGE
`Q1 8
`
`DOES
`DOCUMENT
`EXIST?
`
`926
`\
`RECEIVE INPUT FROM
`USER REQUESTINC
`910
`REFORMAITINC
`\ YES
`0F WEB PAGE
`SERVER REIRIEVES
`I
`DOCUMENT FROM
`BROWSER REFORMATS 1928
`WEB DATABASE
`WEB PAGE USING A
`i
`CASCADING STYLE SHEET
`SERVER SENDS
`I
`912; DOCUMENT TO BROWSER
`BROWSER RENDERS
`J,
`REFORMATFED WEB PAGE 1930
`BROWSER RECEIVES WEB
`:
`PAGE FROM WEB SERVER
`V
`/ '———— RECEIVE REQUEST TO
`914
`RENDER NEXT PAGE \
`920
`OF WEB DOCUMENT
`
`1,
`DISPLAY MESSAGE
`INDICATINC THAT NO
`DOCUMENT IS ASSOCIATED
`WITH URL REQUEST
`/
`I
`932
`
`922
`DOES
`DOCUMENT CONTAIN
`A SUCCEEDING
`
`YES
`
`ANOTHER URL
`ENTERED?
`
`954
`
`WhatsApp/Facebook Ex. 1020
`IPR2015-00740
`
`007
`
`

`
`US 2002/0116415 A1
`
`Aug. 22, 2002
`
`METHOD TO REFORMAT REGIONS WITH
`CLUTTERED HYPERLINKS
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`[0001] 1. Technical Field
`[0002] The present invention relates to an improved data
`processing system. More particularly, the present invention
`provides a method and system for uncluttering and refor
`matting a Web page before presenting the Web page to a user.
`[0003] 2. Description of Related Art
`
`[0004] The Internet, also referred to as an “internetWork”,
`is a set of computer networks, possibly dissimilar, joined
`together by means of gateWays that handle data transfer and
`the conversion of messages from the sending netWork to the
`protocols used by the receiving netWork (With packets if
`necessary). When capitaliZed, the term “Internet” refers to
`the collection of netWorks and gateWays that use the TCP/IP
`suite of protocols.
`
`[0005] The Internet has become a cultural ?xture as a
`source of both information and entertainment. Many busi
`nesses are creating Internet sites as an integral part of their
`marketing efforts, informing consumers of the products or
`services offered by the business or providing other informa
`tion seeking to engender brand loyalty. Many federal, state,
`and local government agencies are also employing Internet
`sites for informational purposes, particularly agencies Which
`must interact With virtually all segments of society such as
`the Internal Revenue Service and secretaries of state. Pro
`viding informational guides and/or searchable databases of
`online public records may reduce operating costs. Further,
`the Internet is becoming increasingly popular as a medium
`for commercial transactions.
`[0006] Currently, the most commonly employed method
`of transferring data over the Internet is to employ the World
`Wide Web environment, also called simply “the Web”. Other
`Internet resources exist for transferring information, such as
`File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and Gopher, but have not
`achieved the popularity of the Web. In the Web environment,
`servers and clients effect data transaction using the Hyper
`text Transfer Protocol (HTTP), a knoWn protocol for han
`dling the transfer of various data ?les (e.g., text, still graphic
`images, audio, motion video, etc.). The information in
`various data ?les is formatted for presentation to a user by
`a standard page description language, the Hypertext Markup
`Language (HTML). In addition to basic presentation for
`matting, HTML alloWs developers to specify “links” to other
`Web resources identi?ed by a Uniform Resource Locator
`(URL). A URL is a special syntax identi?er de?ning a
`communications path to speci?c information. Each logical
`block of information accessible to a client, called a “page”
`or a “Web page”, is identi?ed by a URL. The URL provides
`a universal, consistent method for ?nding and accessing this
`information, not necessarily for the user, but mostly for the
`user’s Web “broWser”. A broWser is a program capable of
`submitting a request for information identi?ed by a uniform
`resource identi?er (URI), such as, for example, a URL at the
`client machine. Retrieval of information on the Web is
`generally accomplished With an HTML-compatible broWser.
`Examples of broWsers include Netscape Navigator, Which is
`available from Netscape Communications Corporation, and
`Internet Explorer, Which is available from Microsoft Cor
`poration.
`
`[0007] Pages retrieved from a Web server often contain
`many links that may be of interest to a user. The amount of
`information and links available in response to a user query
`is often overWhelming. In addition to links related to the user
`query, other links of interest may be encountered that a user
`may Want to visit. Presently, a user is unable to identify and
`manage links on a broWser. Currently, a user must store links
`in a bookmarking mechanism although the links may not be
`valuable enough for this type of permanent storage. As a
`result, the user must go back and remove links from the set
`of bookmarks after visiting a page. This mechanism is time
`consuming and cumbersome.
`
`[0008] HoWever, HTML can be frustrating When control
`ling the appearance of a Web page. In response, for the
`appearance of Web pages, a complementary markup system
`called Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) Were designed to make
`it easier to de?ne a Web page’s appearance Without affecting
`the Web page’s HTML structure. Style sheets Work like
`templates, a style is de?ned for a particular HTML element
`and then this de?ned style is used over and over on any
`number of Web pages. If there is a desire to change hoW an
`HTML element looks, the style is changed, the HTML
`element automatically changes Wherever the HTML element
`appears. Style sheets alloW Web designers quickly create
`more consistent Web pages and more consistent Web sites.
`
`[0009] Business needs dictate that an increasing amount of
`information and hyperlinks are presented on a single Web
`page. This gives the information and hyperlinks high vis
`ibility. When a vast array of hyperlinks are packed into a
`small area on a single Web page, it usually results in a
`cluttered arrangement. As a consequence of this clutter,
`users Who may have some dif?culty With sensory motor
`skills may have dif?culty in accessing a particular hyperlink
`or accessing the desired information. As a result, some users
`may attempt to “point and click” to a blank space on the Web
`page or may access the Wrong hyperlink. Prior art solutions
`to these problems have provided users With navigation of the
`Web page using a keyboard and using tab keys. HoWever,
`this technique is time consuming and may require many key
`strokes. Other prior art solutions include installing magni
`fying softWare applications to magnify a portion of the Web
`page the user Wishes to concentrate on. This technique is
`de?cient in that it is also time consuming and requires
`additional key strokes.
`
`[0010] In addition, under Federal government standards,
`the Federal government Will be in the forefront in ensuring
`access to electronic and information technology. These
`standards cover various means of disseminating informa
`tion, including computers, softWare and electronic office
`equipment. The standards provide criteria that spell out What
`is required to make informational products accessible to
`people and in particular accessible to people With disabili
`ties, including, but not limited to, those With vision, hearing
`and mobility impairments.
`
`[0011] The neW standards provide technical criteria spe
`ci?c to various types of technologies and performance based
`requirements, Which focus on the functional capabilities of
`covered technologies. Speci?c criteria cover, for example,
`softWare applications, operating systems, Web-based infor
`mation, Web-based applications, telecommunication func
`tions, video or multi-media products, self contained closed
`products such as information kiosks and transactions
`
`WhatsApp/Facebook Ex. 1020
`IPR2015-00740
`
`008
`
`

`
`US 2002/0116415 A1
`
`Aug. 22, 2002
`
`machines and computers. Also covered is the compatibility
`With adaptive equipment users With disabilities use for
`information and communication access. HoWever, the Fed
`eral government is not alone in taking action on this front.
`Private industry and research entities are demonstrating
`initiative in improving access for people With disabilities in
`the Digital Age.
`[0012] Therefore, it Would be advantageous to have a
`method and apparatus for indicating and managing Web page
`information and hyperlinks during a search or session.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`[0013] The present invention provides a method for pre
`senting a page, having a set of links, on a data processing
`system. The page is preprocessed to form a processed page,
`Wherein the processed page is unpresented Within the data
`processing system. A determination is made as to Whether or
`not the links Within the page fall Within a proximity policy.
`Responsive to a determination that the page falls outside of
`the proximity policy, the page is reformatted to fall Within
`the proximity policy.
`[0014] The mechanism of the present invention includes a
`preprocessing process and a policy structure for reformatting
`an electronic document page. The policy structure of the
`present invention alloWs the user to specify the appearance
`of the electronic document page. The policy structure as
`de?ned by the user is stored such that When the user returns
`to the page, the page may be displayed according to the
`policy structure de?ned by the user.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`[0015] The novel features believed characteristic of the
`invention are set forth in the appended claims. The invention
`itself, hoWever, as Well as a preferred mode of use, further
`objectives and advantages thereof, Will best be understood
`by reference to the folloWing detailed description of an
`illustrative embodiment When read in conjunction With the
`accompanying draWings, Wherein:
`[0016] FIG. 1 is a pictorial representation of a distributed
`data processing system in Which the present invention may
`be implemented;
`[0017] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a data processing
`system that may be implemented as a server in accordance
`With a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
`
`[0018] FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a data
`processing system in Which the present invention may be
`implemented;
`[0019] FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a broWser program
`depicted in accordance With a preferred embodiment of the
`present invention;
`[0020] FIGS. 5A and 5B are exemplary graphical user
`interfaces illustrating a Web page containing multiple hyper
`links in accordance With a preferred embodiment of the
`present invention;
`[0021] FIG. 6 is a block diagram of automatically unclut
`tering and reformatting an electronic document in accor
`dance With a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
`[0022] FIG. 7 is a block diagram of uncluttering an
`electronic document by a broWser using a cascading style
`sheet in accordance With a preferred embodiment of the
`present invention;
`
`[0023] FIG. 8 is a ?oWchart illustrating information How
`for automatically uncluttering a hypertext markup language
`document in accordance With a preferred embodiment of the
`present invention; and
`
`[0024] FIG. 9 is a ?oWchart illustrating uncluttering a Web
`page using a cascading style sheet in accordance With a
`preferred embodiment of the present invention.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE
`PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
`
`[0025] With reference noW to the ?gures, FIG. 1 depicts
`a pictorial representation of a distributed data processing
`system in Which the present invention may be implemented.
`Distributed data processing system 100 is a netWork of
`computers in Which the present invention may be imple
`mented. Distributed data processing system 100 contains a
`netWork 102, Which is the medium used to provide commu
`nications links betWeen various devices and computers
`connected together Within distributed data processing sys
`tem 100. NetWork 102 may include permanent connections,
`such as Wire or ?ber optic cables, or temporary connections
`made through telephone connections.
`
`[0026] In the depicted example, a server 104 is connected
`to netWork 102 along With storage unit 106. In addition,
`clients 108, 110, and 112 also are connected to netWork 102.
`These clients 108, 110, and 112 may be, for example,
`personal computers or netWork computers. For purposes of
`this application, a netWork computer is any computer,
`coupled to a netWork, Which receives a program or other
`application from another computer coupled to the netWork.
`In the depicted example, server 104 provides data, such as
`boot ?les, operating system images, and applications to
`clients 108-112. Clients 108, 110, and 112 are clients to
`server 104. Distributed data processing system 100 may
`include additional servers, clients, and other devices not
`shoWn. In the depicted example, distributed data processing
`system 100 is the Internet With netWork 102 representing a
`WorldWide collection of netWorks and gateWays that use the
`TCP/IP suite of protocols to communicate With one another.
`At the heart of the Internet is a backbone of high-speed data
`communication lines betWeen major nodes or host comput
`ers, consisting of thousands of commercial, government,
`educational and other computer systems that route data and
`messages. Of course, distributed data processing system 100
`also may be implemented as a number of different types of
`netWorks, such as for example, an intranet, a local area
`netWork (LAN), or a Wide area netWork
`FIG. 1 is
`intended as an example, and not as an architectural limita
`tion for the present invention.
`
`[0027] Referring to FIG. 2, a block diagram of a data
`processing system that may be implemented as a server, such
`as server 104 in FIG. 1, is depicted in accordance With a
`preferred embodiment of the present invention. Data pro
`cessing system 200 may be a symmetric multiprocessor
`(SMP) system including a plurality of processors 202 and
`204 connected to system bus 206. Alternatively, a single
`processor system may be employed. Also connected to
`system bus 206 is memory controller/cache 208, Which
`provides an interface to local memory 209. I/O bus bridge
`210 is connected to system bus 206 and provides an interface
`to I/O bus 212. Memory controller/cache 208 and I/O bus
`bridge 210 may be integrated as depicted.
`
`WhatsApp/Facebook Ex. 1020
`IPR2015-00740
`
`009
`
`

`
`US 2002/0116415 A1
`
`Aug. 22, 2002
`
`[0028] Peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus
`bridge 214 connected to I/ O bus 212 provides an interface to
`PCI local bus 216. A number of modems may be connected
`to PCI bus 216. Typical PCI bus implementations Will
`support four PCI expansion slots or add-in connectors.
`Communications links to netWork computers 108-112 in
`FIG. 1 may be provided through modem 218 and netWork
`adapter 220 connected to PCI local bus 216 through add-in
`boards.
`
`[0029] Additional PCI bus bridges 222 and 224 provide
`interfaces for additional PCI buses 226 and 228, from Which
`additional modems or netWork adapters may be supported.
`In this manner, data processing system 200 alloWs connec
`tions to multiple netWork computers. A memory-mapped
`graphics adapter 230 and hard disk 232 may also be con
`nected to I/O bus 212 as depicted, either directly or indi
`rectly.
`[0030] Those of ordinary skill in the art Will appreciate
`that the hardWare depicted in FIG. 2 may vary. For example,
`other peripheral devices, such as optical disk drives and the
`like, also may be used in addition to or in place of the
`hardWare depicted. The depicted example is not meant to
`imply architectural limitations With respect to the present
`invention.
`
`[0031] The data processing system depicted in FIG. 2 may
`be, for example, an IBM RISC/System 6000 system, a
`product of International Business Machines Corporation in
`Armonk, NY, running the Advanced Interactive Executive
`(AIX) operating system.
`[0032] With reference noW to FIG. 3, a block diagram
`illustrating a data processing system in Which the present
`invention may be implemented. Data processing system 300
`is an example of a client computer. Data processing system
`300 employs a peripheral component interconnect (PCI)
`local bus architecture. Although the depicted example
`employs a PCI bus, other bus architectures such as Accel
`erated Graphics Port (AGP) and Industry Standard Archi
`tecture (ISA) may be used. Processor 302 and main memory
`304 are connected to PCI local bus 306 through PCI bridge
`308. PCI bridge 308 also may include an integrated memory
`controller and cache memory for processor 302. Additional
`connections to PCI local bus 306 may be made through
`direct component interconnection or through add-in boards.
`In the depicted example, local area netWork (LAN) adapter
`310, SCSI host bus adapter 312, and expansion bus interface
`314 are connected to PCI local bus 306 by direct component
`connection. In contrast, audio adapter 316, graphics adapter
`318, and audio/video adapter 319 are connected to PCI local
`bus 306 by add-in boards inserted into expansion slots.
`Expansion bus interface 314 provides a connection for a
`keyboard and mouse adapter 320, modem 322, and addi
`tional memory 324. Small computer system interface (SCSI)
`host bus adapter 312 provides a connection for hard disk
`drive 326, tape drive 328, and CD-ROM drive 330. Typical
`PCI local bus implementations Will support three or four PCI
`expansion slots or add-in connectors.
`
`[0033] An operating system runs on processor 302 and is
`used to coordinate and provide control of various compo
`nents Within data processing system 300 in FIG. 3. The
`operating system may be a commercially available operating
`system, such as WindoWs 2000, Which is available from
`Microsoft Corporation. An object oriented programming
`
`system such as Java may run in conjunction With the
`operating system and provides calls to the operating system
`from Java programs or applications executing on data pro
`cessing system 300. “Java” is a trademark of Sun Micro
`systems, Inc. Instructions for the operating system, the
`object-oriented operating system, and applications or pro
`grams are located on storage devices, such as hard disk drive
`326, and may be loaded into main memory 304 for execution
`by processor 302.
`
`[0034] Those of ordinary skill in the art Will appreciate
`that the hardWare in FIG. 3 may vary depending on the
`implementation. Other internal hardWare or peripheral
`devices, such as ?ash ROM (or equivalent nonvolatile
`memory) or optical disk drives and the like, may be used in
`addition to or in place of the hardWare depicted in FIG. 3.
`Also, the processes of the present invention may be applied
`to a multiprocessor data processing system.
`
`[0035] For example, data processing system 300, if
`optionally con?gured as a netWork computer, may not
`include SCSI host bus adapter 312, hard disk drive 326, tape
`drive 328, and CD-ROM 330, as noted by dotted line 332 in
`FIG. 3 denoting optional inclusion. In that case, the com
`puter, to be properly called a client computer, must include
`some type of netWork communication interface, such as
`LAN adapter 310, modem 322, or the like. As another
`example, data processing system 300 may be a stand-alone
`system con?gured to be bootable Without relying on some
`type of netWork communication interface, Whether or not
`data processing system 300 comprises some type of netWork
`communication interface. As a further example, data pro
`cessing system 300 may be a Personal Digital Assistant
`(PDA) device, Which is con?gured With ROM and/or ?ash
`ROM in order to provide non-volatile memory for storing
`operating system ?les and/or user-generated data.
`
`[0036] The depicted example in FIG. 3 and above-de
`scribed examples are not meant to imply architectural limi
`tations. For example, data processing system 300 also may
`be a notebook computer or hand held computer in addition
`to taking the form of a PDA. Data processing system 300
`also may be a kiosk or a Web appliance.
`
`[0037] The present invention provides a method for
`uncluttering an electronic document so that a user may
`easier read the electronic document. The mechanism of the
`present invention includes a preprocessing process and a
`policy structure for reformatting an electronic document
`page. The policy structure of the present invention alloWs
`the user to specify the appearance of the electronic docu
`ment page. The policy structure as de?ned by the user is
`stored such that When the user returns to the page, the page
`may be displayed according to the policy structure de?ned
`by the user.
`
`[0038] Turning next to FIG. 4, a block diagram of a
`broWser program is depicted in accordance With a preferred
`embodiment of the present invention. A broWser is an
`application used to navigate or vieW information or data in
`a distributed database, such as the Internet or the World
`Wide Web.
`
`[0039] In this example, broWser 400 includes a user inter
`face 402, Which is a graphical user interface (GUI) that
`alloWs the user to interface or communicate With broWser
`400. This interface provides for selection of various func
`
`WhatsApp/Facebook Ex. 1020
`IPR2015-00740
`
`010
`
`

`
`US 2002/0116415 A1
`
`Aug. 22, 2002
`
`tions through menus 404 and allows for navigation through
`navigation interface 406. For example, menus 404 may
`allow a user to perform various functions, such as saving a
`?le, opening a neW WindoW, displaying a history, and
`entering a URL. Navigation interface 406 alloWs for a user
`to navigate various pages and to select Web sites for vieWing.
`For example, navigation interface 406 may alloW a user to
`see a previous page or a subsequent page relative to the
`present page. Preferences such as those illustrated in FIG. 4
`may be set through preferences 408.
`
`[0040] Communications 410 is the mechanism With Which
`broWser 400 receives documents and other resources from a
`netWork such as the Internet. Further, communications 410
`is used to send or upload documents and resources onto a
`netWork. In the depicted example, communication 410 uses
`HTTP as Well as other standard communication protocols.
`Other protocols may be used depending on the implemen
`tation. Documents that are received by broWser 400 are
`processed by language interpretation 412, Which includes an
`HTML unit 414 and a JavaScript unit 416. Language inter
`pretation 412 Will process a document for presentation on
`graphical display 418. Graphical display 418 includes layout
`unit 420, rendering unit 422, and WindoW management 424.
`These units are involved in presenting Web pages to a user
`based on results from language interpretation 412.
`
`[0041] BroWser 400 is presented as an example of a
`broWser program in Which the present invention may be
`embodied. BroWser 400 is not meant to imply architectural
`limitations to the present invention. Presently available
`broWsers may include additional functions not shoWn or
`may omit functions shoWn in broWser 400. A broWser may
`be any application that is used to search for and display
`content on a distributed data processing system. BroWser
`400 make be implemented using knoWn broWser applica
`tions, such as Netscape Navigator or Microsoft Internet
`Explorer. Netscape Navigator is available from Netscape
`Communications Corporation While Microsoft Internet
`Explorer is available from Microsoft Corporation.
`
`[0042] FIGS. 5A and 5B are exemplary graphical user
`interfaces illustrating uncluttering a Web page containing
`multiple hyperlinks in accordance With a preferred embodi
`ment of the present invention. FIG. 5A is an example of a
`cluttered Web page. In FIG. 5A, hyperlink group 502 is
`arranged so that “Shop Actions”504, “Classi?eds”506 and
`“Pay Direct”508 have a limited amount of spacing betWeen
`them. In addition, line 510 beginning With “Media/Finance/
`Quotes” and line 512 beginning With “GeoCities” also have
`a limited amount of spacing betWeen them. This cluttered
`limited spacing format may be dif?cult for a person With a
`visual or mobile disability to pick and choose a hyperlink.
`The present invention expands the appearance of a Web
`page. The appearance of a Web page to a user may be based
`on user de?ned parameters.
`
`Well as greater spacing from the rest of the hyperlinks in
`hyperlink group 514. Additionally, line 520 beginning With
`“YelloW Pages” and line 522 beginning With “Weather” have
`greater spacing betWeen each other.
`
`[0044] FIG. 6 is a block diagram of automatically unclut
`tering and reformatting an electronic document in accor
`dance With a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
`Cluttered hyperlinks Within a region on a page of an elec
`tronic document may be automatically uncluttered by pre
`processing the page of the page of the electronic document
`and reformatting it if necessary before presenting the elec
`tronic document page to a user. This may enable the user to
`select hyperlinks that appear on the electronic document
`page With greater ease. Also, this process may be used in
`conjunction With other accessibility softWare, such as, for
`example, magni?cation softWare, Which is targeted for users
`With disabilities, such as, for example, vision impairment.
`
`[0045] In this example, Web broWser 606 sends a request
`to Web server 602 for an electronic document. Web server
`602, in turn, contacts Web database 604 to determine
`Whether or not the requested electronic document exists. If
`the electronic document does exists in Web database 604,
`server 602 may either send, for example, a preformatted
`electronic document, such as, for example, a hypertext
`markup language (HTML) document or Web page, or com
`bines, for example, Web page content plus Web server 602
`speci?c cascading style sheet and generates a formatted Web
`page. Based on user 610 preferences, on Web broWser 606,
`the server projects the Web page content on virtual display
`608. Projecting Web page content on virtual display 608 may
`be internal to Web broWser 606 and not visible