CONSTRUCTIONKIT
`Féecond Edition m "
`-
`.
`1" °f.beSt--'ee.'lin9
`
`ServiceNow, |nc.'s Exhibit 1008
`
`ServiceNow, Inc.'s Exhibit 1008
`
`001
`
`

`

`
`
`See-bud Edlh’ok
`_ k. 1-
`I _
`i'
`of best-selling -‘
`
`'
`
`'
`
`INCLUDES
`
`.-
`
`NETMANAGE CHAMELEON,
`SLIPKNOT, HQTMETAL,
`HTML ASSISTANT, WHNHTTPD,
`,
`g1 LVIEW PRO, WHAM, CGE SCRIPTS
`'7;
`FOR UNIX AND WINDQWS,
`NCSA’S HTTPD FQR UNHX,
`AND MQREE
`
`
`
`.rnAVm FQX, mar: nmmme
`
`
`
`
`CDliQQM
`
`
`
`ServiceNow, Inc.'s Exhibit 1008
`
`002
`
`

`

`Publisher e Mitchell Waite
`
`Associate Publisher ' Charles Drucker
`
`Acquisitions Manager - Jill Pisoni
`
`Editorial Director - John Crudo
`Managing Editor - John Crudo
`Copy Editor - Scott Calamar, LightSpeed Publishing
`Technical Editor - Miko Matsumura
`
`Production Director - Julianne Ososke
`Producrion Manager - Cecile Kaufman
`Production Editor - Mark Nigara
`Cover Design and Production - Sestina Quarequio and Karen Johnston
`Cover Illustration - Rafael Lopez
`Illustrations - Kristin Peterson
`Producrion - Michele Cuneo
`
`© 1996 by The Waite Group, Inc.®
`Published by Waite Group Press“, 200 Tamal Plaza, Corte Madera, CA 94925.
`
`Waite Group PressTM is a division of Sams Publishing.
`
`All rights reserved. No part of this manual shall be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any
`means, electronic, mechanical. photocopying, desktop publishing, recording, or otherwise, without permission
`from the publisher. No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the information contained herein:
`While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher and author assume no
`responsibility for errors or omissions. Neither is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of the
`information contained herein.
`
`Ali terms mentioned in this book that are known to be registered trademarks, trademarks, or service marks are
`lined below. In addition, terms suspected of being trademarks, registered trademarks, or service marks have been
`appropriately capitalized. Waite Group Press cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a term in
`this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any registered trademark, trademark, or service mark.
`The Waite Group is a registered trademark of The Waite Group, Inc.
`Waite Group Press and The Waite Group logo are trademarks of The Waite Group, Inc.
`All other product names are trademarks, registered trademarks, or service marks of their respective owners.
`
`Printed in the United States of America
`95969798'10987654321
`
`Fox, David, 1973-
`Web publisher‘s construction kit with HTML 3.2 / David Fox, Troy Downing.
`p.
`cm.
`Includes index.
`
`ISBN: 1-57169-079-4
`1. HTML (Document markup language) 2. World Wide Web (Information retrieval system)
`I . Downing, Troy.
`11. Title.
`QA76.76.H94F693 1996
`025.04--dc20
`
`96-30564
`CIP
`
`ii
`
`003
`
`ServiceNow, |nc.'s Exhibit 1008
`
`ServiceNow, Inc.'s Exhibit 1008
`
`003
`
`

`

`TABlE OF CONTENTS
`
`INTRODUCTION .......................................................... XXIV
`
`PART I CONNECTING TO THE WEB .................................... I
`
`I CATCHING THE INTERNET IN A WEB ....................................... 3
`
`2 WEB BROWSERS ........................................................ 49
`
`3 LYNX ................................................................. 63
`
`4 SLIPKNOT .............................................................. B9
`
`5 NCSA MOSAIC ......................................................... I I3
`
`6 NETSCAPE ATLAS ...................................................... I37
`
`7 A BRIEF LOOK AT OTHER BROWSERS ..................................... I73
`
`PART II CREATING WEB PAGES ...................................... I93
`
`8 WHAT CAN I DO?........ ,.............................................. I95
`9 THE GAME PLAN ....................................................... 275
`
`I0 THE HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE .................................... 297
`
`I
`
`I TEXT ................................................................. 3l3
`
`I2 GRAPHICS ............................................................ 375
`
`I3 SOUND ............................................................... 433
`
`I4
`
`INTERACTIVITY ........................................................ 447
`
`IS CGI SCRIPTS ........................................................... 479
`
`I6 HTML EXTRAS ......................................................... 545
`
`I7 JAVASCRIPT ........................................................... 593
`
`JAVA ................................................................. 627
`Is
`I9 OTHER WEB RESOURCES ................................................ 657
`
`20 CONVERTING, TRANSLATING. OR CHEATING .............................. 675
`
`2| HTML ASSISTANT ...................................................... 695
`
`22 HOTMetaL ............................................................. 7IS
`
`PART III WEAVING A WEB OF YOUR OWN ............................ 745
`
`23 WHERE TO PLACE YOUR HTML DOCUMENTS .............................. 747
`
`24 STARTING YOUR OWN WEB SITE ........................................ 779
`
`A SLIP SERVICE PROVIDERS ................................................ 833
`
`B OTHER SOFTWARE SOURCES ............................................ 839
`
`C WEB HELP RESOURCES .................................................. 349
`
`D ABOUT THE CD ....................................................... 855
`
`INDEX .................................................................... 859
`
`ServiceNow,|nc.'s Exhibit1008 V“
`004
`
`
`ServiceNow, Inc.'s Exhibit 1008
`
`004
`
`

`

`(ONTEIITS
`
`PART I CONNECTINGTOTHEWEB.......................... I
`
`| CATCHING THE INTERNET IN A WEB .............................. 3
`
`HOW THE WEB WAS WOVEN ................................................... 6
`
`CERN: The Concept ......................................................... 7
`NCSA: The Tool ............................................................ 7
`
`N ETSCAPE: The Pretty Face .................................................. 7
`The New Fabric ............................................................ 8
`
`THE WEB'S EVOLUTIONARY EDGE ................................................ 8
`WORLD WIDE WEB LAYOUT .....................................................9
`
`The Server ................................................................ IO
`The Client Browser ......................................................... IO
`
`NAVIGATING WEB PAGES ....................................................... IO
`
`I
`Hypermedia Links .......................................................... I
`Search Indexes ............................................................ I3
`THE HTTP PROTOCOL ......................................................... I4
`
`URLS. URLS. URLS ............................................................... I5
`
`The Composition of a URL .................................................. I7
`ACCESSING THE WEB .......................................................... 2|
`
`What Computer Do I Need? ................................................. 2|
`What About the Modem? ................................................... 22
`
`What Type of Internet Account Do I Need? .................................... 22
`SLIP ACCOUNTS ............................................................... 23
`TCPIIP ...................................................................24
`
`Connecting with Windows 95 Dial-Up Networking ...............................25
`Installing Trumpet Winsock for Windows 3.1 ....................................28
`Manual LOgin .............................................................. 3|
`Login Scripting ............................................................. 32
`Logging Out ............................................................... 34
`UNIX SHELL WEB BROWSERS .................................................... 34
`
`Text: Lynx orW ....................................................... 35
`Graphics: SlipKnot .......................................................... 36
`THE INTERNET ADAPTER ....................................................... 36
`
`Determining Your Unix Platform .............................................. 36
`Getting Your License Code .................................................. 37
`Getting the Software ........................................................ 39
`Installing The Internet Adapter ................................................ 40
`Configuring Winsock for The Internet Adapter ..................................4O
`Exiting TIA ................................................................ 42
`
`viii
`
`005
`
`ServiceNow, |nc.'s Exhibit 1008
`
`ServiceNow, Inc.'s Exhibit 1008
`
`005
`
`

`

`TABLE OF CONTE NTS
`
`HIGH-SPEED LEASED LINES ......................................................42
`Permanent SLIP ............................................................42
`
`High-Speed Lines ...........................................................43
`High-Speed Hardware ......................................................44
`Connection Companies .....................................................44
`SHOOTING DOWN TROUBLES ..................................................45
`
`Your Modem Won't Respond ................................................45
`The “DNS Lookup Failed" Message ............................................ 46
`The “Unable to Resdve Host Name" Message ..................................46
`WHAT NOW? ................................................................. 46
`
`2 WEB BROWSERS ............................................... 49
`
`WHAT TYPE OF SOFTWARE IS A BROWSER? ......................................5 I
`WHICH BROWSER SHOULD I USE? ............................................... 53
`HELPFUL HANDS ............................................................... 54
`Viewers .................................................................. 54
`
`External Applications ........................................................54
`The Talking MIME ..........................................................55
`TELNETING TO A PUBLIC BROWSER ............................................. 57
`WW VIA E-MAIL ............................................................. 59
`
`BROWSING WITHOUT THE INTERNET ALTOGETHER .............................. 60
`Stand-Alone Browsers
`'...................................................... 60
`
`Minimizing Winsock ........................................................60
`Nullsock .................................................................. 60
`WHAT NOW? ................................................................. 61
`
`3 LYNX ....................................................... 63
`
`LESSON # I: THE LYNX'S MEOW ................................................. 67
`LESSON #2: NAVIGATING ....................................................... 68
`
`Following Lynx Links ........................................................ 69
`Link Info .................................................................. 69
`LOADING A SPECIFIC URL ....................................................... 69
`
`Haiting a Load .............................................................70
`Exiting Lynx ...............................................................70
`LESSON #3: THE HISTORY LIST ..................................................7O
`LESSON #4: SCREEN-WASHING .................................................7|
`LESSON #5: PRINTING A PAGE ..................................................72
`
`Saving ....................................................................72
`Mailing ...................................................................72
`Printing ...................................................................72
`LESSON #6: GETTING TO THE SOURCE ........................................ .. .73
`Saving the Source ..........................................................73
`Returning to the Regular View ................................................74
`LESSON #7: EDITING A PAGE ....................................................74
`
`LESSON #8: BOOKMARKS ....................................................... 74
`
`Adding a Bookmark ........................................................75
`Viewing Bookmarks
`........................................................75
`LESSON #9: THE INDEX .........................................................76
`
`006
`
`ServiceNow, |nc.'s Exhibit 100i;
`
`ServiceNow, Inc.'s Exhibit 1008
`
`006
`
`

`

`WEB PUBLISHER’S CONSTRUCTION KIT WITH HTML 3.2
`
`LESSON # IO: SEARCHING .......................................................76
`
`Page Searching .............................................................76
`Index Documents ..........................................................77
`
`LESSON #l I: SAVING A MULTIMEDIA FILE .........................................77
`LESSON #12: FILLING OUT FORMS ...............................................78
`
`The Form of a Form ........................................................78
`User Validation ............................................................ 80
`
`LESSON # I 3: USENET NEWS POSTING ...........................................80
`
`Selecting a Group .......................................................... 80
`Browsing Articles ...........................................................8|
`Reading an Article ..........................................................8|
`Posting an Article .......................................................... 82
`LESSON #l4: SENDING E-MAIL ................................................... 82
`LESSON # | 5: THE LYNX OPTIONS MENU ......................................... 83
`
`................................................................... 85
`Editor
`Bookmark File ............................................................. 85
`
`Personal Mail Address
`
`....................... ' ............................... 85
`
`Searching Type ............................................................85
`VI Keys
`.................................................................. 86
`Emacs Keys ............................................................... 86
`Keypad as Arrows or Numbered Links
`........................................ 86
`User Mode ............................................................... 86
`
`.............................................. 87
`Local Execution Scripts or Links
`WHAT NOW? ................................................................. 87
`
`4 SLIPKNOT .................................................... 89
`
`TYING THE KNOT: INSTALLING ..................................................92
`HOW SLIPKNOT SLIPS ..........................................................93
`
`SETTING UP THE TERMINAL .....................................................93
`
`Setting Up the Host ........................................................93
`Setting Up Communications ..................................................97
`Setting Up the Terminal .....................................................97
`LESSON # I: CONNECTING ......................................................98
`
`Logging In .................................................................98
`Logging Out ...............................................................98
`LESSON #2: NAVIGATING .......................................................99
`
`Following a Link ........................................................... 100
`Snagging a Particular URL ................................................... IOI
`Stopping 3 Load .......................................................... IOI
`Loading a Local File ........................................................ IOI
`Retrieve Again! ........................................................... 102
`LESSON #3: TURNING OFF IMAGES ............................................. IOZ
`LESSON #4: RETRIEVING MULTIMEDIA FILES ...................................... [02
`
`Viewing ................................................................. |03
`Saving ................................................................... |03
`FI'P Fiies ................................................................. |03
`LESSON #5: YOU'RE HISTORY .................................................. |O3
`
`Cleaning Up .............................................................. |O4
`
`007
`
`ServiceNow, |nc.'s Exhibit 1008
`
`ServiceNow, Inc.'s Exhibit 1008
`
`007
`
`

`

`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`
`Cleaning Up for Good ..................................................... 104
`LESSON #6: THE PERMANENT SAVE ............................................. 105
`
`Local Keepers: Saving a Complete Web Page ................................... I05
`Saving a Page ............................................................. |06
`Remote Keepers: Bookmarks ................................................ I06
`Placing a Bookmark ........................................................ I06
`LESSON #7: CHECKING OUT THE SOURCE ...................................... I07
`LESSON #8: CONFIGURING VIEWERS ............................................ I07
`
`Editing LView or WPLANY ................................................. I07
`Adding a New Viewer .................................................... I08
`LESSON #9: MAKING IT LOOK PRETTY .......................................... I09
`
`Setting Colors ............................................................ I09
`Customizing Fonts ......................................................... I09
`Background .............................................................. I IO
`LESSON # IO: SWITCHING TO THE TERMINAL .................................... I I2
`LESSON #I I: UPGRADING ..................................................... I I2
`WHAT NOW? ................................................................ I I2
`
`5 NCSA MOSIAC ................................................ ||4
`
`INSTALLING MOSAIC .......................................................... I I6
`
`Installing WIN32S-OLE ................................................... I I6
`Installing the Mosaic Browser ................................................ I I6
`LESSON #1: NAVIGATING USING THE VIEW WINDOW ........................... I I7
`
`Following Hyperlinks ....................................................... I I8
`Moving to a Specific URL ................................................... I I9
`The Right Mouse Button .................................................... I I9
`Halting: The Secret Button .................................................. I20
`LESSON #2: IGNORING IMAGES ................................................ |2|
`LESSON #3: MULTIMEDIA FILES ................................................. I22
`LESSON #4: HISTORY LIST ...................................................... I22
`LESSON #5: THE HOTLIST ...................................................... I22
`
`Getting Hot: Quickly Creating a Hot Item ...................................... I24
`Customizing Your Mosaic Menu .............................................. 124
`The Quicklist ............................................................. I26
`Sharing Hotlists ........................................................... I26
`LESSON #6: KEEPING THE PAGE ................................................ I26
`Save It .................................................................. I27
`Load It to Disk ........................................................... l2?
`Print It .................................................................. I27
`LESSON #7: SEARCHING ....................................................... I28
`LESSON #8: THE SOURCE OF IT ALL ............................................ I28
`LESSON #9: FORMS ........................................................... _.|28
`LESSON # IO: ANNOTATING ................................................... I3I
`
`LESSON #I I: GOOD NEWS AND BAD NEWS .................................... I3I
`LESSON # I 2: I-TP .............................................................. I32
`LESSON #l3: E-MAIL ........................................................... I33
`Sending Mail ............................................................. I33
`Mail to Developers ........................................................ I33
`LESSON # l4: PRESENTATION MODE ............................................ I33
`
`008
`
`
`ServiceNow, Inc.'s Exhibit 1005ii
`
`ServiceNow, Inc.'s Exhibit 1008
`
`008
`
`

`

`WEB PUBLISHER’S CONSTRUCTION KIT WITH HTML 3.2
`
`LESSON # | 5: VIEWERS AND OTHER HELPERS .................................... I34
`LESSON #I6: OTHER MOSAIC OPTIONS ......................................... I35
`The Fonts You Want ...................................................... I35
`
`Colors .................................................................. I35
`Home Sweet Home ....................................................... I 36
`WHAT NOW? ................................................................ I 35
`
`6 NETSCAPE ATLAS ............................................. I37
`
`INSTALLING NETSCAPE ........................................................ I42
`
`LESSON # I: SCAPING THE NET ................................................. I42
`
`Following Hyperlinks ....................................................... I44
`Framed! ................................................................. I45
`
`Moving to a Specific URL ................................................... I45
`Loading Indicators ......................................................... I45
`Stop It! .................................................................. I45
`The Web Page Appears .................................................... I46
`Safe and Secure ........................................................... I46
`
`LESSON #2: GRAPHICLESS: NO AUTO LOADING ................................. I46
`
`Loading Later ............................................................. I47
`Hither and Dither ......................................................... I48
`LESSON #3: REIRIEVING MULTIMEDIA FILES ...................................... I48
`LESSON #4: ANCIENT HISTORY ................................................. I49
`
`LESSON #5: BOOKMARKS ...................................................... I50
`
`Dealing with Bookmarks .................................................... I50
`Adding or Deleting Bookmarks .............................................. ISI
`Organizing Bookmarks ..................................................... I52
`The Bookmark Files ........................................................ I54
`
`LESSON #6: KEEPING A WEB PAGE .............................................. I54
`
`Saving to Disk ............................................................ I55
`Loading ................................................................. I55
`Printing .................................................................. |55
`Mail Document ........................................................... |56
`
`LESSON #7: SEARCHING A PAGE ............................................... |56
`LESSON #8: GETTING TO THE SOURCE ......................................... |57
`LESSON #9: FILLING IN FORMS ................................................. |58
`
`Filling ‘er Out ............................................................. | 59
`User Validation ........................................................... I60
`
`LESSON #10: THE NEWS ....................................................... I60
`
`Setting Up a News Server .................................................. I60
`Getting the News ......................................................... |6I
`Subscribing to Newsgroups ................................................. l6!
`Browsing Articles .......................................................... |6I
`Reading an Article ......................................................... I63
`Posting an Article ......................................................... I64
`LESSON #l l: E-MAILING ....................................................... I65
`
`Opening The Mail Window ................................................. I66
`Sending Mail ............................................................. I66
`Receiving Mail ............................................................ I67
`LESSON # l 2: GRABBING FI'P FILES .............................................. I68
`
`xii
`
`009
`
`ServiceNow, lnc.'s Exhibit 1008
`
`ServiceNow, Inc.'s Exhibit 1008
`
`009
`
`

`

`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`
`UPLOADING AN FTP FILE ...................................................... I68
`LESSON # | 3: CONFIGURING VIEWERS .......................................... I69
`LESSON # | 4: CUSTOMIZING YOUR NETSCAPE EXPERIENCE ....................... I70
`You've Got the Look ...................................................... |7|
`There's No Place Like Home ................................................ |7|
`WHAT NOW? ................................................................ I72
`
`7 A BRIEF LOOK AT OTHER BROWSERS ............................. I73
`
`SPRY AIR MOSAIC ............................................................. I76
`Features ................................................................. I76
`
`Getting It ................................................................ I77
`WINWEB ..................................................................... I77
`Features ................................................................. I78
`
`Getting It ................................................................ I79
`CELLO ....................................................................... I80
`Features ................................................................. I80
`
`Getting It ................................................................ |8I
`SPYGLASS ENHANCED MOSAIC ................................................ I8I
`Features ................................................................. I8I
`
`Getting It ................................................................ |8|
`NETCRUISER'S WEB BROWSER .................................................. I82
`Features ................................................................. I82
`
`Getting It ................................................................ I82
`QUARTERDECK MOSAIC 20 .................................................... I83
`Features ................................................................. I83
`
`Getting It ................................................................ I83
`MICROSOFT'S INTERNET EXPLORER ............................................. I83
`Features ................................................................. I83
`
`Getting It ................................................................ I84
`NETMANAGE INTERNET CHAMELEON .......................................... I84
`INSTALLING THE CHAMELEON ............................................ I85
`SIGNING UP FOR AN INTERNET PROVIDER ACCOUNT ...................... I85
`REGISTERING THE CHAMELEON SOFIWARE ............................... I87
`CONNECTING TO THE INTERNET ......................................... I88
`WEB BROWSING with WebSurfer .......................................... I90
`OTHER INTERNET TOOLS ................................................ I92
`WHAT NOW? ................................................................ I92
`
`PART II CREATINGWEBPAGES
`
`........
`
`I93
`
`8 WHAT CAN I DO? ............................................ I95
`
`NAVIGATE: PLACES TO START .................................................. I98
`Best of the Web .......................................................... I98
`
`Global Network Navigator .................................................. I98
`Einet Galaxy .............................................................. I98
`Yahoo .................................................................. 200
`
`INFORM: TERRIFIC TEXT ........................................................ 20|
`Manuals: NCSA Mosaic ..................................................... ZOI
`
`Helpful Information: OncoLink ...............................................202
`
`ServiceNow, Inc.'s Exhibit 1008"
`010
`
`
`ServiceNow, Inc.'s Exhibit 1008
`
`010
`
`

`

`WEB PUBLISHER’S CONSTRUCTION KIT WITH HTML 3.2
`
`A New Type of Text ...................................................... 202
`HOME-MAKING: NO PLACE LIKE HOME PAGES ................................... 203
`
`Corporate Pages ..........................................................203
`University Home Pages .....................................................205
`Government Home Pages ..................................................207
`Personal Home Pages ......................................................208
`TEACH: EDUCATION .......................................................... 2|0
`
`Geography Skills ..........................................................2|0
`Eric ..................................................................... 2| |
`Britannica Online ..........................................................2| |
`
`.............................................. 2|2
`ENTERTAIN: GROOVY GRAPHICS
`TV: Interactive TV Index .................................................... 2|2
`
`Movies: Buena Vista ....................................................... 2 | 2
`
`Music: Underground Music Archive ........................................... 2 | 2
`Art: ArtSource ............................................................ 2 | 4
`
`Sports: Internet Baseball Information Center ....................................2|4
`PUBLISH: PAPERS, BOOKS. MAGAZINES. AND MORE ............................... 2|5
`
`Academic Papers .......................................................... 215
`Multimedia Magazines ......................................................2 | 6
`‘Zlnes ................................................................... 217
`
`Books ................................................................... 218
`SHOWCASE: PUTTING YOUR TALENTS ONLINE .................................. 2l8
`
`SELL: TAKING CARE OF BUSINESS ...............................................220
`
`Stock Quotes ............................................................ 220
`
`Networking over the Net ...................................................22|
`Job Searching .............................................................22|
`BUY: SHOPPING ...............................................................22|
`
`The Internet Shopping Network .............................................222
`Direct Ordering ...........................................................222
`SPEAK FREE: POLITICS ..........................................................224
`
`PeaceNet ................................................................ 224
`FedWorld ............................................................... 224
`
`OBSERVE: THE NEWS .......................................................... 225
`Headline News ........................................................... 225
`Weather ................................................................ 226
`
`INTERACT: FILL-IN FORMS ...................................................... 226
`
`Personal Ads ............................................................. 226
`Databases ............................................................... 226
`
`Security .................................................................227
`FIND: MAPS ................................................................... 227
`
`interactive Weather Map ................................................... 227
`Xerox Map Server ........................................................ 228
`Map of Mars .............................................................228
`TOUR: MUSEUMS .............................................................. 230
`Le WebLouvre ...........................................................230
`
`Exploratorium ............................................................23 |
`Museum of Paleontology ...................................................23|
`VISIT: VIRTUAL PLACES .........................................................232
`
`San Diego ...............................................................232
`
`xiv
`
`011
`
`ServiceNow, |nc.'s Exhibit 1008
`
`ServiceNow, Inc.'s Exhibit 1008
`
`011
`
`

`

`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`
`Pans .................................................................... 233
`EXPO Ticket Office ....................................................... 234
`
`Downtown Anywhere ..................................................... 235
`Internet Town Hall ........................................................ 236
`BROWSE: LIBRARIES ........................................................... 236
`SURPRISE: OTHER NEAT GIMMICKS .............................................. 238
`LabCam ................................................................. 238
`
`The Cyrano Server ........................................................239
`Lite-Bnte ................................................................ 239
`
`The Virtual Frog ..........................................................240
`Say .................................................