I lnstallinfi‘ WINS Serveirs
`
`7of27
`
`Configuring WINS Sewers and Replication
`
`Partners
`
`Configuring Replicati-on Pa.rtners
`
`WINS sewers communicate among themselves to fully replicate their databases. ensuring that a
`name registered with one WINS sewer is eventually repiica.ted to all other WINS servers within the
`intemetwork. AI-I mapping changes converge within the replication period for the entire WINS
`system, which is the maximum time for propagating changes to all WINS sewers All released
`names are propagated to all WINS servers alter they become extinct. based on the interval
`specified in WINS Manager.
`
`Replication IS carried out among repriication partners, rather than each server replicating to all
`other servers. In the following illustration, Servert has only Serrverz as a partner. but Server? has
`three partners. So, for example, Sewerl gets all replicated iniormalion irom ServeI2. but Server2
`gets infonn-ation from Sewerl, Sewers, and Sen/er4.
`
`
`
`Replication Configuration Example for WINS Sewers
`
`Ultimately, all replications are pulled from the other WINS servers on an intemetwork. but triggers
`are sent by W-INS sewers to indicate when .a replication should be pulled. To achieve replication,
`-each WINS sewer is a push partner or pull partner with at least one other WINS sewer. A pull
`partner is a WINS sewer that pulls in database replicas from its push pa rlner by requesting and
`than accepting replicas oi new database entries in order to synchronize its own database. A push
`partner is a WINS sewer that sends notification of changes and then sends replicas to its pull
`partner upon receiving a request. ‘When llhe servers pull partner replicates the information. it pulls
`replicas by asking for all records with a higher version number than the last record stored from the
`last replication for that server.
`
`-Choosing whether to configure another WINS -server as a push partner or pull partner-depends on
`several considerations. including the specific configuration of servers at your site, whether the
`, artner is a-cross a wide area network (WNN), and how important it is to propagate the changes.
`
`It Sewer2_ for example, needs to perform pull replications with ServerB. make sure it is a push
`partner of Server3.
`
`Ii Server2 needs to push replications to Sewers, it should be a pull partner of WINS ServerB_
`
`Replication is triggered when a WINS sewer polls another sewer to get a replica. This can begin at
`system startup and can also be at a specific time, and it -can then repeat at the time intewal
`specified for periodic replition. Replication is also triggered when a WINS server reaches a
`threshold set by the administrator, which is an update count for registrations and changes. in this
`case, the sewer notifies its pull partners that it has reached this threshold, and the other servers
`may then decide to pull replicas.
`
`Page 159 of 315
`
`LG Electxonics Exhibit 1006
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`

`
`To add a replication partner .fo'.r a WINS server
`
`1.
`
`|Fronn the Sewer menu. choose the Replication Partners corinrnand.
`
`This command is available only if you are logged on as a member of the Administrators group
`for the local server.
`
`2.
`
`3.
`
`In the Replica-lion Panners dialog box, choose the Add button.
`
`In the Add WINS Server dialog box, type the name or IP address of the WIJNS server that you
`want to add to the list, and then choose the OIK button. -If WINS Manager can find this server,
`it will add it to the WINS Sewer list in the Replication Partners dialog box.
`
`4. From the WINS Server list in the Replication Partners dialog box. select the Server you want
`to configure, and then complete the actions desczibed in “Configuring Replication Partner
`Properties" later in this chapter.
`
`5.
`
`If you want to limit which WIINS servers are displayed in the Replication Partners dialog box,
`check or clear the options as follows:
`
`Check Push Partners to display push partners for the current WINS server.
`
`Check Pull Partners to display pull partners for the current WINS server.
`
`Check Other to display the WINS servers that are neither push partners nor pull partners
`for the current WINS server.
`
`6. To specify replication triggers for the partners you add, follow the procedures described in
`“Triggering Replication :BeIween F'artneirs" later in this chapter.
`
`7. When you finish adding replication partners, choose the OK button.
`
`To delete replication partners
`
`1.
`
`2.
`
`From the Server menu, choose the Replication Partners command.
`
`In the Replication Partners dialog box, select one or more servers in the WINS Sewer list, and
`then -choose the Delete button. or press 03..
`
`WINS Manager asks you to confirm the deletion if you checked the related confirmation option
`in the Preference dialog box, as -described in "Setting Preferences for WINS Manager" later in
`this chapter.
`
`Pagc160 of315
`
`

`
`Configuisring Replication Partner Properties
`When you designate replication partners, you need to speciw parameters for when replication will
`begin.
`
`To configure replication partners for a Wl|NS -server
`
`1.
`
`in the WlNS Server list ofthe Replication Partners dialog box. select the server you want to
`contigure.
`
`2. Check either Push Parin-er-or Pull Partner or both to indicate the replication partnership you
`want, and then choose the related Configure button.
`
`3. Complete the entries in the appropriate Properties dialog box, as described in the following
`pirocedures.
`
`To define pull partner properties
`
`1.
`
`in the Start Time box of the Pull Partner Properties dialog box. type a time to indicate when
`replication should lbegin.
`
`You can use any separator for hours, minutes, and seconds. You can type AM or PM, for
`exaim-pile, only if these designators are part of your time setting, as defined using the
`International option in Control Panel.
`
`
`
`2.
`
`In the Replication Interval box, type a time in hours, minutes, and seconds to indicate how
`often replications will occur, or use the spiri buttons to set the time you want.
`
`If you went to return to the values specified in the Preferences dialog box, choose the Set
`Default Values button,
`
`3. Choose the OK buttori to return to the Replication Partners dialog box.
`
`To define push parlanelr properties
`
`1.
`
`in the Update Count box of the -Push Partner Properties dialog box. type a number for how
`many additions and -updates made to records in the database will result in changes that need
`replication. (Repllcations that have been pulled in from partners do not count as insertions or
`updates in this context.)
`
`The iminiirnuini value for Update Count is 5.
`
`
`
`Page 161 of315
`
`

`
`If you want to return to the value specified in the Preferences dialog box. choose the Set
`Default Values button.
`
`2. Choose the OK button to return to the Replication Partners dialog box.
`
`Triggering Replication Between Partners
`You can also replicate the database between the partners immediately. rather than waiting for the
`start time or replication interval specified in the Preference dialog box. as described In "Setting
`Preferences for WINS Manager" later in this chapter.
`
`You will probably want to begin replication immediately after you make a series of changes such
`as entering a range of static address mappings.
`
`d a replication trigger
`
`he Replication Partners dialog box, select the WINS servers to which you want to send a
`lication trigger, and then choose the Push or Pull button, depending on whether you want
`end the trigger to push partners or pull partners.
`
`
`
`tionally, you can check the Push With Propagation box ifyou want the selected WINS
`er to propagate the trigger to all its pull partners.
`
`If Push With Propagation is not checked, the selected WINS server will not propagate the
`trigger to its other partners.
`
`It Push With Propagation is checked. the selected WINS server sends a propagate push
`trigger to its pull partners after it has pulled in the latest information from the source WlNS
`server. If it does not need to pull in any replicas because it has the same or more
`up-to-date replicas than the source WINS server, it does not propagate the trigger to its
`pull partners.
`
`rt replication immediately
`
`e Replication Partners dialog box, choose the Replicate Now button.
`
`
`
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`
`

`
`
`
`Managing Static Mappings
`
`Static mappings are permanent lists ofcomputer name-to-IIP address mappings that cannot be
`challenged or removed. except when the administrator removes th-e specific mapping. You use the
`Static Mappings command in WINS Managerto add, edit, import. or delete static mappings for
`clients on the network that are not WINIS enabled.
`
`—ii
`If DHCIP is also used on the network, a reserved (or static) llP address will override any WINS
`server settings. Static mapipings should not be assigned to WINS-enabled computers.
`
`I To view static mappiings
`
`1.
`
`Firom the Mappings menu, choose the Static Mappings command.
`
`You cannot cancel changes -made to the WINS database white working in the Static
`Mapqpings dialog box. You must manually delete any entries that are added in error or
`manually add back any entries that you mistakenly delete. This is Ibecause all changes to the
`WIINS database made in this dialog box take effect immediately.
`
`2.
`
`In the ‘Static Mappings dialog box, select a Sort Order option. either by IP address or by
`computer narne. This selection determines the order in which entries appear in the list of
`static mappings.
`
`3. To edit or add a mapping. follow the procedures described in "Adding Static Mappings“ and
`"Editing Static Mappings" later in this chapter.
`
`4.
`
`To remove existing static mappings, select the mappings you want to delete from the list‘ and
`then choose the Delete Mapping button.
`
`Page 163 of315
`
`

`
`the list of static mappings, choose the Set Filter
`5. To limit the range of mappings display
`the Range of Mappings" later in this chapter. To
`button and follow the procedure in "Fiii
`turn off filtering, choose the Clear Fiiter button.
`
`6. When you finish viewing or changing the static mappings. choose the Close button.
`
`
`
`Page 164 of315
`
`

`
`lnstallin
`
`' WINS Servers
`Managing Static Mappings
`
`'
`
`Ad-ding Static Mappings
`
`You can add static mappings to the WINS database for specific IP addresses using two methods:
`
`Type static mappings in a dialog box
`
`Import files that contain static rn-appings
`
`
`
`0 add static maipipings to the WINS database by typing entries
`
`1.
`
`In the Static Mappings dialog box, choose the Add Mappings button.
`
`
`
`2.
`
`Iln the Name box of the Add Static Mappings dialog box, type the computer name of the
`system for which you are adding a static mapping. (It you want. you do not need to type two
`backslashes, because WINS Manager will add these for you.)
`
`3.
`
`Iln the IP Address box. type the address for the computer.
`
`llf Internet Group or Multihomed is selected as the Type option, the dialog box shows
`additional controls for adding multiple addresses. Use the down—arrow button to move the
`address you type into the list oiaddresses for the group. Use -the up—arrow button to change
`the order of a selected address in the list.
`
`4. Select a Type option to Indicate whether this entry Is a unique name or a kind of group with a
`special name, as descrl bed in the following list
`
`Type option
`
`lMe.anlng
`
`Unique
`
`-Group
`
`Internet group
`
`Unique name in the database, with one address per
`name.
`
`INormaI group. where addresses of individual members
`are not stored. The dliient broadcasts name packets to
`normal grouips.
`Groups with NetBlOS names that have OX1 C as the
`16th byte.. An internet group stores up to 25 addresses
`tor members. The maximum number ofaddresses is
`
`25, For registrations after the 25th address, WINS
`overwrites a replica address or, if none is present. it
`ovennrit-es the oldest registration.
`
`Page 165 of315
`
`

`
`Muttihorned
`
`Unique name that can have more than one address
`(mullihomed computers). The maximum number of
`addresses is 25. For registrations afler the 25th
`address, WINS overwrites a replica address or, if none
`is present, it overwrites the oldest registration.
`
`For 'internet group names defined in this dialog box (that is, added statically), make sure that
`the primary domain controller (PDC) for that domain is defined in the group if the PDC is
`running Windows NT Advanced Server version 3.1.
`
`For more information. see "Managing Special Names" later in this chapter.
`
`5. Choose the Add button.
`
`The mapping is immediately added to the database for that entry, and then the boxes are
`cleared so that you can add another entry.
`
`6. Repeat this process for each static mapping you want to add to the database, and then
`choose the Close button.
`
` ping is added to the database when you choose the Add button, you
`
`cannot cancel work in this dialog box. If you make a mistake in entering a name or address
`for a mapping. you must return to the Static Mappings dialog box and delete the mapping
`there.
`
`You can also import entries for static mappings for unique and special group names from any File
`that has the same format as the LMHOSTS file (as described in Chapter 6, "Setting Up
`LM HOSTS"). Scope names and keywords other than #DOM are ignored. However, nomial group
`and multihomed names can be added only by typing entries in the Add Static Mappings dialog
`box.
`
`I To import a file containing static mapping entries
`
`1.
`
`2.
`
`In the Static Mappings dialog box. choose the Import Mappings button.
`
`in the Select Static Mapping File dialog box, which is similar to the standard Windows NT
`Open dialog box. specify a filename for a static mappings file by typing its name in the box. or
`select one or more filenames in the list, and then choose the OK button to import the file.
`
`The specified file is read, and a static mapping is created for each computer name and address It
`the #DOM keyword is included for any record, an intemet group is created (it it is not already
`present). and the address is added to that group.
`
`
`
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`

`
`Ilnstailinfi" WINS Servers
`
`Managing Static Mappings
`
`Editing Static lMappiin-gs
`
`10of27
`
`You can change the IP addresses in static mappings owned by the WINS server you are currently
`administering.
`
`I To edit a static mapping entry
`
`1.
`
`tn the Static Mappings dialog box, select the mapping you want to change and choose the
`Mapping button, or double-click the mapping entry in the list.
`
`
`
`You can view, but .not edit. the Computer Name and Mapping Type option for the mapping in
`the Edit Static Mappings dialog box.
`
`2.
`
`In the IP Address box. type a new address iorthe computer, and then choose the OK button,
`
`The change is made in the WINS database immediately.
`
`[ant to change the computer name orgroup type related to a specific IP address, you must
`
`
`
`delete the entry and redefine it in the Add Static Mappings -dialog box.
`
`Page 167 of315
`
`

`
`lnstallin and Confi
`
`WINS S-ervers Managing Static Mappings
`
`
`Filtering the Ran-ge of Mappings
`
`Y-ou may want to limit the range of IP addresses or computer names displayed in the Static
`Mappings or Show Database dialog boxes.
`
`You can specify a portion of the computer name or IP address or both when filtering the list of
`mappings.
`
`To filter mappings by address or name
`
`1.
`
`In the dialog lbox for Static Mappings or Show Database, choose the Set Filrter button.
`
`
`
`2.
`
`lln the Set Filter-dialog box. wpe portions -of the computer name, address. or both in the
`Computer Name or IP Address boxes.
`
`You can use the asterisk (') wildcard for portions of the name or address or both. For
`example, you could type \\acct" to filter all computers with names that begin with acct.
`However, for the address, a wildcard can be used only for a complete octet. That is, you can
`type 11.10132‘, but you cannot enter 11.1‘.1.1 in these boxes.
`
`3, Choose the OK button
`
`The selected range is displayed in the Static Mappings or Show Database dialog box. The
`fittered range will remain until you clear the rfilter.
`
`A message -wilt tell you it no mappings are found to match the range you specified, and the
`list of mappings will be empty.
`
`If a filter is in effect for the range of mappings, the Clear Fitter button is available for restoning the
`entire list.
`
`o clear tihe ilttered range of mappings
`
`In the Static Mappings or Show Database dialog box, choose the Clear Filter button,
`
`The list now shows all mappings found in the database.
`
`Page 168 of315
`
`

`
`
`
`Page 169 of315
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`

`
`I Installing and Configuriu WINS Servers
`
`12of27
`
`Managing Static Mappings
`
`Managing Special Names
`
`WINS recognizes special names for several types of groups. including a normal group,
`multlhomed. and internet group. This section describes these groups and presents some
`background details to help you understand how WINS manages these groups.
`
`Normal Group Names
`It can be valid on any subnet and can
`A group name does not have an address associated with it.
`be registered with more than one WINS server. A group's timestamp shows the last time for any
`change received for the group. if the WINS server receives a query for the group name. it returns
`FFFFFFFF (the limited broadcast address). The client then broadcasts on the subnet. The group
`name is renewed when any member of the group renews the group name.
`
`Multihomed Names
`
`A multlhomed name is a single, unique name storing multiple addresses. A multlhomed device is
`a computer with multiple network cards and/or multiple IP addresses bound to NetB|OS over
`TCPIIP. A multihomed device with multiple IP addresses can register one or more addresses by
`sending one address at a lime in a special name registration packet. A multlhomed name in a
`WINS database can have one or more addresses. The timestamp for the record rellects any
`changes made for any members of the name.
`
`Each multlhomed group name can contain a maximum of 25 IP addresses.
`
`When you configure TCP/IP manually on a Windows NT computer, you use the Advanced
`Microsoft TCP/IP dialog box to specify the IP address and other information for each adapter on a
`multlhomed computer.
`
`Internet Group Names
`
`The intemet group name is read as configuration data. When dynamic name registrations for
`internet groups are received, the actual address (rather than the subnet broadcast address) is
`stored in the group with a timesla mp and the owner ID, which indicates the WINS server
`registering that address.
`
`The intemet group name (which has a 16th byte ending in Ox1C reserved for domain names, as
`described in the following section) can contain a maximum of 25 IP addresses for primary and
`backup domain controllers in a domain Dynamically registered names are added lithe list is not
`static and has fewer ihan 25 members. lfthe list has 25 members, WINS removes a replica
`member (that is, a member registered by another WtNS server) and adds the new member. If all
`members are owned by this WINS server. the oldest member PS replaced by the new one.
`
`WINS gives precedence over remote members to members in an intemet group name that
`registered with it. This preference means that the group name always contains the geographically
`closest Windows NT Sewer computers. To establish the preference of members of intemet groups
`registered with other WINS sewers under the \Parlners\Pu|I key in the Registry, a precedence is
`assigned for each WINS partner as a value of the MemberPrec Registry parameter. Preference
`should be given to WlNS servers near the WINS server you are configuring. For more information
`about the value of this parameter, see its entry in "Advanced Configuration Parameters for WINS“
`later in this chapter.
`
`The internet group name is handled specially by WlNS_ which returns the 24 closest Windows NT
`Server computers in the domain. plus the domain controller. The name ending in 1C is also used
`to discover a Windows NT Server computer in a domain when a computer running Windows NT
`Workstation or Vlfindows NT Server needs a sewer for pass-through authentication.
`
`Page 170 of315
`
`

`
`If your network still has domain controllers mnning Windows NT Advanced Server version 3.1 to be
`included in the internet group name, you must add these to the group manually using WlNS
`Manager. When you manually add such a computer to the inlernet group name. the list becomes
`static and no longer accepts dynamic updates from WlNS4anabled computers.
`
`For information about related issues in LMHOSTS for #DOM entries. see "Designating Domain
`Controllers Using 11DOM" in Chapter 6. "Setting Up LMHOSTS,"
`
`How WINS Handles Special Names
`Special names are indicated by a 16th byte appended to the computer name or domain name.
`The following table shows some special names that can be defined for static entries in the Add
`Static Mappings dialog box.
`
`Special Names for Static Mappings
`Name
`Usage
`
`ending
`Ox1E
`
`Oxi D
`
`0x1 C
`
`A normal group. Browsers
`broadcast to this name and
`listen on it to elect a master
`browser. The broadcast is
`done on the local subnet and
`should not cross routers.
`Clients resolve this name to
`access the master browser
`for server lists. There is one
`master browser on a subnet.
`
`The internet group name.
`which contains a list ofthe
`specific addresses of
`systems that have registered
`the name. The domain
`
`controller registers this name.
`
`How WINS handles queries
`
`WINS always returns the limited
`broadcast address (FFFFFFFF)
`
`WINS always returns a negative
`response. if the node is h-node or
`m-node, the client broadcasts a
`name query to resolve the name.
`For registrations. WINS returns a
`positive response even though the
`names are not put into the
`database.
`WINS treats this as an internet
`
`group. where each member of the
`group must renew its name
`individually or be released. The
`inlernet group is limited to 25
`names (Note, however. that there
`is no limit for #DOM entries in
`
`LMHOSTS.)
`
`WINS returns a positive response
`for a dynamic registration of a static
`1C name. but the address is not
`added to the list. When a static ‘IC
`name is replicated that clashes
`with a dynamic 1C name on
`another WINS server, a union of the
`members is added, and the record
`is marked as static.
`
`The lotlowing illustrates a sample NetBlOS name table for a Windows NT Sewer domain controller.
`such as the list that appears it you type nbtstat -n at the command prompt. This table shows the
`16th byte for special names. plus the type (unique or group).
`NctBIOS Local Name Table
`
`N ame
`<OC29870B>
`
`ANN lEl’5
`
`ANN IEPS
`
`<Z0>
`
`<00>
`
`ANNTEPDOM <00>
`
`ANNIEPDOM <l(>
`
`Type
`UNIQU E
`
`UNIQUE
`
`UNIQU E
`
`GROUP
`
`GROUP
`
`Status
`Rog lstc rcd
`
`Rcgistcrcd
`
`Rcgis to rcd
`
`Registered
`
`Rcgistcred
`
`Pagc171of315
`
`

`
`ANNIEPDOM <1B>
`
`ANNLEP5
`
`ANNLEP5
`
`ANNLEP5
`
`<O3>
`
`< ll:>
`
`<tD>
`
`.._MSBRO WS E<0l>
`
`UNIQUE
`
`UNIQUE
`
`GROU P
`
`UNIQUE
`
`GROUP
`
`Registered
`
`Registered
`
`Registered
`
`Registered
`
`Rcgi stcrcd
`
`Example NetBlOS Name Table for a Windows NT Domain Controller
`
`As shown in this example. several special names are identified for both the computer and the
`domain. These special names include the following:
`
`0x0 (shown as <00> in the example), the redirector name, which is used with net view.
`
`0x3, the Messenger service name for sending messages.
`
`_MSBROWSE_, the name master browsers broadcast to on the local subnet to announce
`their domains to other master browsers, WINS handles this name by returning the broadcast
`address FFFFFFFF,
`
`0x1 B, the domain master browser name, which clients and browsers use to contact the
`domain master browser. A domain master browser gets the names of all domain master
`browsers. When WINS is queried for the domain master browser name. it handles the query
`like any other name query and returns its address.
`
`WINS assumes that the computer that registers a domain name with the 18 characteris the
`domain controller. This name is registered by the browser running on the domain controller.
`This ensures that the domain controller is in the internet group name list that is re-tumect when
`a 10 name is queried, for which WlN8 always returns the address ot the 18 name along with
`the members of a 1C name.
`
`
`
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`
`

`
`
`
`
`WIINS Servers
`
`etting :Preferences "for WINS Manager
` u can configure several options for administration -of WINS sewers. The oommands for
`
`trolling preferences are on the Options menu.
`
`display the status bar for help on commands
`
`From -the Options menu, choose the Status Bar command.
`
`When this command is active. its name is checked on the menu, and the status bar at the
`bottom of the WINS Manager window displays descriptions of commands as they are
`highlighted in the menu bar.
`
`set preferences for WINS Manager
`
`1.
`
`|From the Options menu, choose the Preferences command.
`
`2. To see all the available preferences. choose the Partners lbutton in the Preferences dialog box.
`
`3. Select an Address Display Option to indicate how you want address information to be
`disptayed throughout WINS Manager-as computer name, IP address, or an ordered
`combination of both.
`
` j
`Remember that -the kind -of address display affects how a connection is made to the WINS
`server —for IP addresses, the connection is made via TCP/lP; for computer names. the
`connection is made via named pipes.
`
`4. Check Auto Refresh if you want the statistics in the WINS Manager window to be refreshed
`automatically. Then enter a number in the interval box to specify the number of seconds
`
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`

`
`between refresh actions.
`
`WINS Manager also refreshes the statistical display automatically each time an action is
`initiated while you are working in WINS Manager.
`
`5. Check the LAN Manager—Compatible check box if you want computer names to adhere to the
`LAN Manager naming convention.
`
`LAN Manager computer names are limited to 15 characters, as opposed to ‘l6-character
`NetBlOS names used by some other sources, such as Lotus Noteso. In LAN Manager
`names, the 16th byte is used to indicate whether the device is a sewer. workstation,
`messenger, and so on. When this option is checked, WINS adds and imports static
`mappings with 0, 0x03. and 0x20 as the 16th byte.
`
`All Windows networking, including Windows NT, follows the LAN Manager convention. So this
`box should be checked unless your network accepts NetBlOS name from other sources,
`
`6. Check validate Cache Of Known WlNS Sewers At Stanup Time it you want the system to
`query the list of sewers each time the system starts to find out if each server is available.
`
`7.
`
`8.
`
`9.
`
`If you want a warning message to appear each time you delete a static mapping or the
`cached name of a WINS server, check the Confirm Deletion Of Static Mappings And Cached
`WINS Sewers option,
`
`In the Start Time box. type a time to specifir the default for replication start time for new pull
`partners. Then specify values for the Replication Interval to indicate how often data replicas will
`be exchanged between the partners.
`
`The minimum value for the Replication Interval is 40 minutes.
`
`In the Update Count box, type a number to specify a default for how many registrations and
`changes can occur locally before a replication trigger is sent by this sewer when it is a push
`partner. The minimum value is 5.
`
`10. When all options are set for your preferences, choose the OK button.
`
`
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`Ilnstallinfi' WINS Servers
`
`Managing the WINS Database
`
`14of27
`
`The following fiies are stored in the \syslemnoot\SYSTEM32\WlNS directory that is created when
`you set up a WINS server:
`
`JET LOG is a log of all transactions done with the database. This file is used by WINS to
`recover data if necessary.
`
`SYSTEMMDB is used by WINS for holding information about the structure of its database.
`WINSMDB is the WINS database file.
`
`WINSTMPMDB is a temporary file that WINS creates. This tile may remain in the \W|NS
`directory after a crash.
`
`You should back up these files when you back up other files on the WINS server.
`
`-LOG. SYSTEMMDB, WINS MDB, and WINSTMPMDB tiles should not be removed or
`
`tampered with in any manner.
`
`Like any database, the WINS database of address mappings needs to be cleaned and backed up
`periodically WINS Manager provides the tools you need for maintaining the database. This
`section describes how to scavenge (clean). view, and back up the database. For information on
`restonng and moving the WINS database, see "Troubleshooting WINS" later in this chapter.
`
`
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`
`I Installing and Configuring WINS Servers
`
`Managing the WINS Database
`
`Scavenging the Database
`
`150127
`
`The local WINS database should periodically be cleared of released entries and old entries that
`were registered at another WINS sewer but did not get removed from this WINS database for
`some reason. This process. called scavenging, is done automatically over intervals defined by the
`relationship between the Renewal and Extinct intervals defined in the Configuration dialog box.
`You can also clean the database manually.
`
`For example, if you want to verify old replicas immediately instead of waiting the time interval
`specified for verification. you can manually scavenge the database.
`
`scavenge the WINS database
`
`From the Mappings menu, choose the Initiate scavenging command.
`
`The database is cleaned. with the results as shown in the following table
`
`State before scavenging
`Owned active names for which
`
`State after scavenging
`Marked released
`
`the Renewal interval has expired
`Owned released name for which
`
`the Extinct interval has expired
`Owned extinct names for which
`
`the Extinct timeout has expired
`Replicas of extinct names for which
`the Extinct timeout has expired
`
`Marked extinct
`
`Deleted
`
`Deleted
`
`Replicas of active names for which
`the Verify interval has expired
`
`Revalidated
`
`Replicas of extinct or deleted names Deleted
`For information about the intervals and timeouts that govern database scavenging, see
`"Configuring WINS Sewers" earlier in this chapter.
`
`After WINS has been running for a while, the database may need to be compacted to improve
`WINS performance.
`
`I To compact the WINS database
`
`1. At the WINS server, stop the Windows Internet Name Service using the Control Panel
`Services option or by typing net stop wins at the command prompt.
`
`2. Run COMPACTEXE (which is found in the \syslemroot\SYSTEM32 directory).
`
`3. Restart the Windows Internet Name Service on the WINS sewer.
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`Page 177 of315
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`r
`
`'_ Installing and_C_<_>n:ig_urifl_g V\i|__N_S_S_e_rvers_‘ __ _
`Managing ‘the HWINHS ‘Database
`Viewing the WINS D-artabase
`
`16_or_2_7 _
`
`You can view th-e actual active and static mappings stored in the WINS database, based on the
`WIINS server that owns the entries.
`
`'-i To view the wins database
`
`1.
`
`From the Mappings menu. choose the Show Database command.
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`2.
`
`In the Show Database dialog box, to view the mappings in the database for a specirfic WINS
`server, select Show Only Mappings From Specllic Owner. and then from the Setectowner
`list, -select the WINS server whose database you want to view.
`
`By defauit, th-e Show Database dialog box shows all mappings for the WINS database on the
`currently selected WINS server.
`
`3. Select a Sort Order option to sort by IP address, computer name, timestamp for the mapping,
`version ID, or type. (For information about types, see "Adding Static Mappings." earlier in this
`-chapter.)
`
`4.
`
`If you want to view only a range of mappings, choose the Set Filter button and follow the
`procedures described in "F'i||ten'ng the Range of Mappings" earlier in this chapter, To turn off
`filtering» O\oose the Clear Filter button.
`
`5. Use the scroll bars in the Mappings box to view entries in the database. Then choose the
`
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`
`

`
`Close button when you are finished viewing.
`
`As shown In the Mappings list. each registration record In the WINS database Includes these
`elements:
`
`Item
`
`Meaning
`
`Unique
`
`Group, intemet group, or multihomed
`
`omputer name The NetBIOS computer name.
`
`IP address
`
`The assigned Internet Protocol address.
`
`A or S
`
`Timestamp
`
`Version ID
`
`Whether the mapping is active (dynamic) or static.
`
`Shows when the record was registered or updated. When a
`replica is stored in the database, its timestamp is set to the
`current time on the receiving WINS server.
`
`A unique hexadecimal number assigned by the WINS server
`during name registration, which is used by the server's pull
`partner during replication to find new records,
`
`You can also use the Show Database dialog box to remove all references to a specific WINS
`server in t