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`“31,: Y%L§:;$ a“
`
`{Liam “‘5 'fw n,
`
`byHarry Newton
`
`Updated and Expanded Edition
`
`

`

`
`
`STAY INFORMED
`
`
`
`To be alerTed by email to news, upda’res and corrections
`send a blank email to newton@news.cmgbooks.com
`or go to www.cmgbooksxomgnewion
`
`
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`CM 930016
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`Sa nFrancisco
`
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`

`

`NEWTON's TELECOM DICTIONARY
`copyright© 2004 Harry Newton
`email: Harry@tlarryNewton.com
`personal web site: wwwi'larryNewtaacorn
`business web site: www.|nSeorch0tTlrePerlectlnvestment.com
`
`All rights reserved under international and Pan-American Copyright conventions,
`including the right to reproduce this book or portions thereof in any form whatsoever.
`
`Published in the United States by
`CW Books
`An imprint of CMP Media tLC
`600 Harrison Street, San Francisco, CA 94107
`Phone: 415-947-6615; Fax: 415-947-6015
`Emoil: books@cmp.com
`www.cmpbooks.com
`
`Brad Greene, Text Layout
`
`CMP
`United Bussnass Medea
`
`For individual or quantity orders
`CMP Books
`6600 Silucci Way Gilroy, CA 95020
`tel: 1-800-500-6375 or i-400-848‘5296
`Email: bookorders@cmp.corn; Web: www.cmpbooks.com
`
`This book is also sold through wwwbmozoacom, www.Fotbrain.com and
`www.0arnesdndNobleLom and all fine booksellers worldwide.
`
`Distributed to the book trade in the 0.5. by
`Publishers Group West
`l700 Fourth St, Berkeley, 0194710
`
`Distributed in Canada by:
`Jaguar Book Group, 100 Armstrong Avenue, Georgetown, Ontario MGK 3E7 Canada
`
`Printed in the United States of America
`
`ISBN Number 157820-3090
`
`March 2004
`
`Twentieth Edition
`
`Matt Kelsey, Publisher
`Ray Heroic, Senior Contributing Editor
`Frank Brogan, Protect manager
`Saul Roldan and Damien Castaneda, Cover 0esign
`
`

`

`
`
`byte-oriented fullduplex data exciton *’
`iicroprocessor-hased modems are-capo
`
`ented full-duplex data exchange
`
`ryteariented asynchronous mining
`e modern while communication
`
`
`
`ce ts Adoptive Pocket ASse
`ifnenffance performance. Adaptg'
`
`t which data is sent between mu
`
`tk. The higher the line quality =
`
`r (the ratio of user data to:
`
`I Phase Optimization meansth
`4
`
`team to make packets more eff
`a protocol efficiency of aha
`
`aximately a 2900 bps throo
`tsic data compression to
`
`. (A 2400 bps modem w
`it to compress data. The
`
`to operate an interactive.__
`of the algorithm means-cl
`
`npressian algorithm cantr,
`meters to maximize data
`
`A Link Negotiation and
`
`aerate at a full range
`
`at speed of the m
`mmon slower spee
`
`rique. The Microcorn
`__
`_
`,
`
`Ilt NEDDA'FWJ stol_
`?fasttrut_n1?:th”ill
`
`nllGWSthemo
`than.
`-'
`
`._
`eeffltleflid
`rifle“Willis-55
`rer a'timid.
`7 daft] “if“?
`datafntifflllls
`
`5:
`assron,
`nmpressionf
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`transmission speed shifts to achieve the maximum acceptable line speed
`shifting to the modern speed most suitable to transmission line candi-
`
`Microcomputer / Microprocessor
`
`
`
`ol'Protacols and LEW
`.- The combination of CPU (Central Processing Unit) and other periph
`tr.) that form a basic computer system. See Microprocessor.
`
`giroditionol definition: A little world; a miniature universe. A smaller,
`going analogies to a larger unity. A Jimmy Stewart movie, Magic
`Indview,” a small town in the Midvvest that is a perfect statistical micro-
`
`reg, a place where the citizens' opinions match perfectly with Gallup
`
`' George Gildet defines it as the domains of technology unleashed
`tincture of matter in quantum theory early in the 20th century.
`
`of various fluids into them - and then controlling the expansion, contraction, and movement
`of these liquid "plugs” ~ causes the optical properties of the fibers to change. Structures
`such as tiny heating coils printed directly on the fiber precisely control the size, shape, and
`position of the plugs. Modifying the plugs’ properties enables them to perform critical func-
`tions, such as correcting error-causing distortions and directing data flows more efficiently,
`thus boosting bandwidth for more cheaply than is possible today.” See also Mirofluidics.
`Microfluidics Mictafluidics is the scaling down of laboratory fluid tests to miniature
`sizes. lab experiments can be performed by manipulating tiny amounts of chemicals and
`biological samples on chips containing tiny tubes and vessels. Amounts of fluids in quanti-
`ties as small as microliters, nonalitets at even picoliters can be handled. This technique
`saves the use of large amounts of expensive chemicals and precious samples, and may
`help speed up new discoveries by enabling scientists to automate thousands of experiment
`a day with great accorac . Microfluidics hardware requires construction and design that dif-
`"(lioniccll System MEMS. Semiconductor chips that have a
`fers from conventional hardware, as it is not generally possible to scale conventional
`'vices, such as mirrors or fluid sensors. MEMS devices are used
`devices down to miniatrtre size and expect them to work. When the dimensions ofa device
`" e, chemical and vibration sensors, light reflectors, and switch-
`
`at system teach a certain size as the scale becomes smaller, the potholes of fluid, at par-
`_tsffor air bags. vehicle control, pace makers and games. They
`ticles suspended in the fluid, become comparable in size with the apparatus itself. This dra-
`
`traction of microoctuotors for data storage and read/write heads,
`matically alters system behavior, as capillary action changes the way in which fluids pass
`"
`r photonic switches, which can be used in cross-connect,
`through microscolediometer tubes, as compared with macroscale channels. See also
`
`an compensation, and gainequolizatian applications. MEMS
`Microfluidic Optical Fibers.
`
`itchingsystems, which offer clear advantages in purely optical
`Microform Microform means Microfiche and Microfilm.
`'
`so Wavelength Division Multiplexing) combined with EDFA
`
`Micrographics {onversion of information into or from microfilm or microfiche.
`
`ritiohl and Roman amplification. There are two types of
`Micron One thousandth of a millimeter. [it one millionth of a meter. A unit of meas-
`:thlCTOflltllllC. Mechanical MEMS switches involve vast
`urement corresponding to l/ZS,OUD of an inch or 40 millionths of an inch. A micron can
`
`thousands) of micromachined mirrors on a silicon chip.
`be used to specify the core diameter of fiberoptic network cabling. This diameter should
`hermal) odiost the mirrors to switch optical signals
`match your hardware vendor's requirements; but if you install fiber before you buy the
`
`going ports associated with optical fibers. Microfluidic
`equipment, specify the 62.5-micron size.
`taf fluids contained in tiny channels etched into the
`
`Micropoyment An on-line payment of a dime or less. Touted as the key catalyst for
`
`acting grid configuration. in default mode, the fluids
`Internet commerce, micropaytneats were conceived as a means of generating revenues
`it;
`
`if the signal is to be switched, tiny bubbles are infect-
`which would be significant for vendors, in the aggregate, while being so trivial to the indi-
`itndreds of times per second, thereby reflecting the
`vidual users that they would not hesitate make micropayments freely. While still rhetorical,
`
`micropayments were to apply to such services as custom newsfeeds, processing applets
`:a sector of the flat panel display industry used in
`and data queries.
`video headsets, camcorders, viewfinders, and other Microphone A transducer thatchanges the air pressure of sound waves into an elec-
`"
`ly'ofsucbhigh resolutionthattheyareonlyprac-
`tricalsignalthatcan berecorded, amplifiedand/ortransmitted to anotherlocation.
`
`rd;for a speciallydesigned magnifying glaSs). MicroprocessorAnelectroniccircuit, usuallyonasinglechip,whichperformsarith-
`
`_'ss'thantwoinches, manycan providea magni
`metic,
`logic and control operations, with the assistance ofinternal memory, The micro
`ze-computerscreen. Forexample,whenviewed
`processoristhefabled"computeronachip,"the"brains"behindalldesktoppersonalcam-
`
`-_
`iagonal display can be made comparable to
`puters. Typically, the microprocessor contains read only memory — ROM — (perma-
`ctralargeTVscreen.
`neatly stored instructions), read and write memory— RAM, and a control decoderfor
`
`onsparentfilm that contains multiple rows of
`breaking downthe instruchasstated in ROM into detailed steps foraction by the with
`talags'toteboa
`,etc.
`meticlogicunit—Alli—-whichactually carries outthenumericalcalculations. There's
`hichcanheldseveralthousanddocument
`also aclockcircuitrywhichconnectsthechiptoanexteriorquartzcrystalwhosevibrations
`(facesalegible copyofthe item orform
`coordinate thechip’soperations,keepingeverythingin step.Andfinally,theinput/output
`1'
`
`section directs communications with devices on the outside of the chi
`.
`_-'
`'o_ oppy disks ar3 1/2 inches diameter,
`board, the screen and the various disk drives.
`fire-Apple Macintosh and mostMS—DDS lop—
`The Fortune Magazine issue of May 6, W9]
`
`cantained a very good explanation of
`2 inch microfloppy diskette will cur-
`chips and microprocessors (usually used interchang
`
`eahly). Here is the article, slightly con-
`'quivaleat to about 500 pages of dart
`densed:
`.
`._
`Chips today can store and retrieve data, perform a simple mathematical
`... -
`'~hlafirngjfastinternetaccess ofthe future ~—
`compare two numbersorwords in a fewbillianthsofa second. Andthey can
`calculation, or
`
`caay out tons
`at trust depend on a little plumbing in the
`of thousands of such tasks in the blink of
`on eye. Today's chips contain millions of tran-
`ttgy. Review, the editors wrote, "Tiny
`sistors, capacitors, diodes, and other elec
`
`ironic components, all connected by metallic
`improvethe flowofdatacarrying photons,
`threads (1 fraction ofthe diameter of a human hair. A single chip the size of a fingernail
`
`9hli§ing'-this radical idea is the goal of
`can store dozens ofpagesoftextorcombine circuitsthatcanperform scoresoftasks simu|~
`
`type devices, called microfiuidic opti-
`taneously.
`'
`'t‘rthing from email to Web-based
`Most chipsfall into one oftwo categories- memorychipsand logicchips. Memory chips
`
`he mantra. Rogers began explor-
`have the easier ioh: They merely store information that will be manipulated by the logic
`
`eorclz'fer'at Lucent Technologies' Bell
`chips, the ones with the smarts, Today’s biggest-selling memory chip (mid-T99?) is the
`‘ n'dato transmissions consist of
`one—megabit dynamic random access memory, or DRAM. Each DRAM is a slice of silicon
`
`fifte'rsboredthrough with microscap-
`embedded with a lattice of LOUD vertical and LOUD horizontal aluminum wires that cir-
`Uttiefer', depending on their use.
`cumsctibe one million data cells. The densest DRAM designed so far has 64 million cells.
`hatpumping tiny amounts
`Think of those wires as streets and those cells as blacks. Each block contains a transis-
`
`
`
`
`
`.
`
`p, such as the key-
`
`
`
`523
`
`

`

`Microprocessor Controls / Microsoft Solution Provider
`
`:
`
`tor that can be turned on or off-m- to signify l or D — and that can be identified by it's
`unique "address" in the wire grid, much like a house in a suburban subdivision. Each digit,
`letter, or punctuation mark is represented by T’s or it‘s stored in eight-cell strings. (See
`ASCII.) The word "chip" takes up 32 cells in a memory chip. Most PCs sold today have at
`least eight one-megabit DRAMs.
`It’s the tab of the logic chips to turn those transistors in the DRAMs on or off, and to
`retrieve and manipulate that information once its stated. The most importantand complex
`logic chi sore microprocessors like Intel’s BDSBADX, the brains of the more powerful lBM—
`compatible PCs sold today. if the structure of a memory chip is a suburban subdivision, the
`layout of a microprocessor is more like an entire metropolitan area, with distinct neighbor-
`hoods devoted to different activities. A typical microprocessor contains among other things:
`0 A timing system that synchronizes the flow of information to and from memory and
`throughout the rest of the chip.
`- An address directory that keeps track of where data and program instructions are
`stored in the DRAMs.
`0 An arithmetic logic unit with all the circuits needed to crunch numbers.
`0 [la-board instructions that control the sequence of microprocessor operations.
`Other logic chips in a computer take their cues from the microprocessor millions of times
`each second to draw images on the screen, to feed instructions from a spreadsheet pro-
`gram, say, out of the disk drives into DRAMs, or to dispatch data to a modem or a printer.
`Perhaps most amazing of all, memory and logic chips can accomplish all this with test a
`trickle of electricity - for less than it takes to light a flashlight bulb.
`Ted l-Ioff at late! invented the microprocessor in T91]. See also l97l in the beginning
`of this dictionary.
`Microprocessor Conlrols A control system that uses computer logic to oper-
`ate and monitor an air conditioning system. Microprocessor controls are commonly used on
`modern precision air conditioning systems to maintain precise control of temperature and
`humidity and to monitor the unit's operation.
`Microsolelliles Unlike traditional satellites, which can weigh tons, microsatellites
`are the size of a suitcase and weigh about 220 lbs. Since it costs "a bar of gold to launch
`a can of Cake," according to the New York Times, lightweight micrasatellites will be much
`cheaperto launch than their obese precursors. The “.5. military’s goal is to send microsatel-
`lites into space in flocks.
`in this cluster, they would be reprogrammable, able to switch to
`new tasks when the Pentagon required it.
`microsecond One millionth of a second. A microsecond is ten to the minus six. Dne
`microsecond — o millionth of a second —— is the duration of the light from a camera's
`electronic flash. Lightthot short freezes motion, making a pitched ball or a bullet appear
`stationany. See Atto, Nanosecoad, Femto and Pico.
`Microsegmenfing The process of configuring Ethernet and other LANs with a sin-
`gle workstation per segment. The obiective is to remove contention from Ethernet seg.
`ments. With each segment having access to a fall it) Mhps of Ethernet bandwidth, users
`can do things involving significant bandwidth, such as imaging, video and multimedia.
`Microsegmenlcsfion Division of a network into smaller segments, usually with
`the intention of increasing aggregate bandwidth to devices.
`Microslo! The time between two consecutive busy/idle flags (60 bits, or 3.) 25 mil-
`liseconds at )9] kbps). It is used in CDPD only. A cellular radio term.
`Microsoft Founded in 1975 by Bill Gates and Paul Allen as Microsoft (now called
`Microsoft) it is (or was at the time of writing this edition of this dictionary) one of the
`largest software companies in the world. See the next few definitions.
`Microsoft A! Work A new architecture announced by Microsoft on lane 9, 1993
`and then put into retirement a couple of years later. Many of its features and ideas sur-
`faced in Window 95. It consisted of a set of software building blocks that will sit in both
`office machines and PC products, including:
`a Desktop and network-connected printers.
`I Digital monochrome and color copiers.
`0 Telephones and voice messaging systems.
`I Fax machines and PC fax products.
`- Handheld systems.
`'
`- Hybrid combinations of the above.
`According to Microsoft, the Microsoft At Work architecture focuses on creating digital
`connections between machines tie. the ones above) to allow information to flow freely
`throughout the workplace. The Microsoft At Work software architecture consists of several
`technology components thatserve as building blocks to enable these connections. Only one
`
`applications and technical training
`
`of the components, desktop software, will reside on PCs. The rest will be incur or
`other types of office devices {the ones above), making these products easier f; If
`patible with one another and compatible with Microsoft WindoWs-based F[5 lfr
`nents, according to Microsoft, are:
`'
`ff,
`I Microsoft At Work operating system. A real-time, preemptive, molti mg” l
`ing system that is designed to Specifically addreSs the requirements of
`automation and communication industries. The
`new operating System
`Windows compatible application programming interfaces (APls) where [mg
`for the device.
`Microsoft At Work communications. Will provide the connectivity betwenr
`.1
`At Work-based devices and PCs. It will support the secure transmission
`digital documents, and it is compatible with the Windows Messaging pry“
`Windows Telephony APl of the Windows Dpen Services Architecture till
`Microsoft At Work rendering. Will make the transmission af'di'gital damp ': ’~
`formatting and fonts intact, very fast and, conseauently,.costeffe'c
`that a document sent to any of these devices will predecehig"
`galEllEd to as "What You Print is What You Fox ls What'l'o 'E '
`Microsoft At Work graphical user interface. Will make alldevtce
`and will make sophisticated features accessible; willp‘rovid
`users. leveraging Microsoft’s experience in the Windows
`At Work-based products will use very simple graphical-itsetiti
`people who are not computer users.
`-.
`i
`i'
`'
`Microsoft At Work desktop software for Windostased PE
`based PC applications the ability to control, accessaiid
`any product based on Microsoft At Work. Desktopisoftw
`Microsoft At Work architecture that will reside air-P '
`See also Fax At Work, Voice Server, WindoWs, Win
`Telephony and WDSA.
`"
`Microsoft Exchange Afarnily of prodr'rctstho
`information sharing. According to the Windows 95 essence-er
`Microsoft Exchange client, on advanced messaging ap‘plic'
`one inbox from many kinds of messaging service gravid
`Microsoft Network and Microsoft Fax. its integration'vvi
`you to send richtext documents as forces or mail: message llfitli“
`you can do the following:
`i
`. Send or receive electronic mail in a Win-95
`.
`Include files and abiects created in otherop
`0 Use multiple fonts, font sizes and colors,'_a'n
`- Create a Personal Address Book. or_u
`Providers.
`- 13
`'I'I'I
`Create folders for storing related me'ssoa
`Organize and sort messages in'a'variety'
`° Send and receive messages to and from
`Mail, the Microsoft Nehwark (oaline s'erv
`services that use MAPI service provide
`Microsofl Fox | plucked the following
`Development Kit: With Microsoft Fax, users With.
`files as easily as printing a documentor sending
`is compatible with the millions of traditional
`rides advanced security and binary file'tipn'sf. ,
`tion by means of a fax easier and more 'powerfu
`Microsoft Exchange. Microsoft Porches-b
`Messaging Application Programmin'g-lnterf
`Microsoft Fax are received in the Microsoft
`by composing a Microsoft Exchange mess!
`of a MAPlcompatible application (sgclt'
`.--
`Microsofl Solutions-f Proir d
`Solution Providers are independenta'r'ga
`technology to solve business profile
`.
`the Microsoft Solutions Platformrpf'
`added services, such as integration-5m"
`
`.
`fil
`
`

`

`Probability theory / Programmable Call Forwarding
`
`
`
`if"
`i
`:5
`l.--'
`"
`
`l
`"
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`ontinue to be supplemented and '
`
`the word is currently in vogue among those people who believe
`mmunications, VPNs (Virtual ana
`resshaald do all the positive, forwardlooking actions before the com-
`icottons. A variety of VPN technotg
`
`the customers and gets the public kudos. The word has no
`
`also Private line, Private Vaiceb '
`arpose as a cry to action. The word actually is grammatically
`'
`ilworlc interface
`
`-."octive.” it is the opposite of ”reactive."
`Probability theory shrdies the possible outcomes of
`
`given
`to attire likelihoods and distributions. Probability deals with pre
`events. Probability theory is important in picking stocks.
`
`vice, typically about the size and shape of a pencil, thatis used
`
`conditions such as temperature, humidity, current flow, speed.
`
`' or oscilloscope which displays the condition being monitored.
`are thorough explanation.
`
`is sent to reach a particular address to determine if an
`work A virtual private nether
`SS) and incorporating interlilitr
`
`R400,
`the envelope that encloses a probe in the this
`r private traffic. A Bellcore-d
`See Probe.
`
`r
`I lie
`lier PSID. An signaling
`art PTR. A report maintained by a manufacturer in its
`
`_
`page! at dlescribes a specific reproducible product defect or anam-
`Office Telecommunicatia
`re company, rather thori'th'e
`
`rrilso used to document a request for a feature enhancement.
`
`r50 IS-136 and Wireless
`problem description, PTR priority, system configuration
`
`roblem.
`ircation. Any activity orsystematic sequence ofoperations that
`yo or more private line ch
`
`
`Typically, acomputerfunctron thatconsrsts of, orrnvolves, pro-
`thatcustomeronly.
`
`interface for communicatingwrth otherprocesses.
`work A network thatr
`
`
`
`g The making of things. this contrasts with flow monu-
`gements, for the mg,
`
`t and typically serve large
`amething — like oil —— that flows through a production
`
`
`Prodigy was originallycalled TRINTEX. The name was changedto Prodigyin i988, and the
`company was acquired by employees with the help of international Wireless in l996.
`Prodigy used to offer on-line computer senrices. The company was one of the first to offer
`such servicesfora largelyflatmonthly fee. Recentl , Prodigy decided to terminate the activ
`ities of 50 staffers who develop ”content" for its information service, and instead to link
`its users to the content of Excite, a Web directory and search engine. Prodigy will now
`become more a pure Internet Service Provider, offering connections to the lnternet.
`Productize This is ashrpidward. Let’s sayyou've designed something specialfor one
`of client— a piece or hardware or software ora little ofboth. He likes it. You figure that
`others willalso. So you make itinto a productwhich you can putin your catalogand which
`others can buy also. Productize also means to turn an idea into a product. You complete
`the R8.D on it, finish the customer documentation, finish the packaging design, assign a
`name, model number and stocking number. And you make sure that your people in serv
`ice are ready to help customers. See also BETA.
`Profile A set of parameters defining the way a device acts. in the LAN world, a profile
`is often used by one or more workstations to determine hhe connections they will have with
`other devices and those devices they will offer for use by other devices. Often called a login
`file. Profiles and login files usually work like batch files, automatically executing a number
`of commands when you turn on the machine.
`Profiling Method ofclassifying individuals according to any data category. However,
`a_profile only has significance if itis compared to a base figure (usually a population or a
`cirentdatabase).
`.
`.
`_
`.
`_
`PROPS PRofeSsranal Office System. interachve praduchvrtysoftware developed by will
`that is part of the Virtual Machine (Writ Productivity System and runs under the ill/EMS
`mainframe system. PROFS is frequently used for electronic mail and is said to give a user
`arives its name front th
`on edge in productivity in three areas: business communications (including electronic mail},
`ota communications, the time taken by a computer to open
`time management and document handling.
`rng across the anti '
`Program instructions given to a computer or automated phone system to perform cer-
`return a response; frequently not accounted for in com-
`
`__
`work security term.
`
`toin tasks. Most vendors improve (update) their software programs continuously. It's a
`response time problems.
`
`network. An example
`
`
`good idea to ask what the deal is with getting updates.
`ad spectrum transmission system, the original informo-
`
`he a way to be ad
`
`Program Circuit A voice circuit used for the transmission of radio program mate
`a random correlating, orspreading code. The more too
`
`a directory, tile or'p
`
`the code, the more robust the resulting spread spectrum
`
`lad execute; -
`rials. it is a telephone circuit which has been equalized to handle a wider range of fre-
`
`quencies than are required for ordinary speech signals.
`dtn'terception. A measure of this robustness is referred to
`
`_ s'a minimum of 10 dB processing gain for nonlicensed
` noin. Anittttil] lit
`
`Program CounterA device inside a computer which keeps track of which instruc-
`- 5'. 902-928 Ale, 2400-2483 MHz, and 5725-5850
`
`
`
`
`tion in the program is next, etc.
`_
`r
`Program Evaluation Reviews An activity many of as are consigned to
`9
`..
`NASAmail- -
`..
`_
`.._
`.
`_
`.
`
`
`
`spend our aging years doing.
`in the earlydays ofourcareers, we usedto do things-»—
`=
`ll,
`inndom ttors
`__ _ofcompoteroperationinwhich anumberofsimtlar
`
`
`actually dotasks hands-on. Then many of us, sadly, got "successful' Dur robs then
`‘
`mgyen", in
`dfarprocessrng. CompareWithClo-Lineorlnteroctrve
`became telling younger people whatto do and checking thatthey do whatwe told them,
`where certainamao
`-.
`-.
`.
`_
`
`
`or doing something better (hopefully). To do all this, we Sit in meehngs. We call these
`w a debtis'
`'
`| elementofa computer or other Information hon
`
`
`meetings Program Evaluation Renews.”
`no incomeState
`1955th “all (Cflll;
`_
`
`
`n ulsg me ' d '
`and filters to "boost,
`”clean-up” and reprocess srg-
`l990s the
`
`Program Evaluation Review Technique PERT. A management tool
`I
`__
`sis demodulote signals in order to accomplish this func-
`for graphically displaying protected tasks and milestones, schedules and discrepancies
`
`
`
`between tasks.
`
`Program File A file that starts on a
`ard.._-
`pplication or program. A program file has an
`
`time the telephone system processor is in use. There
`.EXE,
`.PiF,
`.COAl, or .BAT filename extension. AKA executable.
`_tra_l processor in a telephone system, moving calls
`Program Information File Plf. A file that provides information about how
`
`
`e=_sure you factor in the second when you’re trying
`WindoWs should run a
`
`
`non-Windows NT application. Pits contain such items as the name
`hone system processor will handle before itdies.
`of the file, a start-up directory, and multitasking options for applications running in 836
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`enhanced made. See Plf.
`fcomputatians that a computer, microprocessor,
`a fixedtime interval. Maybe measured in MtPS
`Program log Records once kept by a broadcasting station in a publicfile which pro-
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`biflops. Typical lowend DSP chips provide up to 10
`vided
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`a record of programs broadcast, program type and program length. The logs also
`3
`included commercial and public service spots. Broadcasters are no longer required by the
`interval in months between the initiation of pro
`FCC to maintain program logs.
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`poly-system of the production model (excludes pro-
`Program logic The particular sequence of instructions in a program.
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`__ actions, and is composed of two elements, pro
`Program Store In an electronicswitching office, the semipermanent memory used
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`ad time,
`for the controlling stored program.
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`Programmable in telephony, the ability to change a feature at a function or the
` bit containing a metal tip in an insulated handle
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`extension assigned to a telephone without rewiring.
`Programmable Call Forwarding This feature of a telephone system
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`allows a user to instruct his phone to send all his calls to another phone. That phone might
`be another extension in the same phone system or it might be another phone number alto-
` e'ntare of fifth and Sears Roebuck it Company,
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`gether in a different part of the country. This feature is great. You're going to a meeting
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`auipment, such as a VOA/r (volt-ohmsmillime-
`rats in an electrical circuit for measurements and
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`661
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