Exhibit 1019
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`
`

`

`ANSI/IEEE Std 802.11, 1999 Edition
`
`[Adopted by ISO/IEC and redesignated as
`ISO/I EC 8802-11:1999(E)]
`
`IEEE Standard for Information technology—
`
`Telecommunications and information exchange between systems—
`
`Local and metropolitan area networks-—
`
`Specific requirements
`
`Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium
`Access Control (MAC) and Physical
`Layer (PHY) Specifications
`
`
`
`Adopted by the ISO/IEC and redesignated as
`ISO/iEC 8802-11:1999(E)
`
`Sponsor
`
`LANIMAN Standards Committee
`of the
`
`IEEE Computer Society
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`
`Exhibit 1019-00001
`
`

`

`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`
`Exhibit 1019-00002
`
`

`

`Abstract: The medium access control (MAC) and physical characteristics for wireless local area
`networks (LANs) are specified in this standard, part of a series of standards for local and metropol-
`itan area networks. The medium access control unit in this standard is designed to support physi—
`cal layer units as they may be adopted dependent on the availability of spectrum. This standard
`contains three physical layer units: two radio units, both operating in the 2400-2500 MHz band,
`and one baseband infrared unit. One radio unit employes the frequency-hopping spread spectrum
`technique, and the other employs the direct sequence spread spectrum technique.
`Keywords: ad hoc network. infrared, LAN, local area network. mobility. radio frequency, wireless
`
`The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
`3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA
`
`Copyright © 1999 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
`All rights reserved. Published 1999, Printed in the United States of America.
`
`ISBN 0—7381—1658—0
`
`No part of this pub/icetion may be reproduced in any fiarrn, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior
`written permission of the publisher.
`
`20 August 1999
`
`SH94 740
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`
`Exhibit 1019-00003
`
`

`

`ANSI/lEEE Std 802.11, 1999 Edition
`
`lEEE Standards documents are developed within the Technical Committees of the lEEE Societies and the
`Standards Coordinating Committees of the lEEE Standards Board. Members of the committees serve volun-
`tarin and without compensation. They are not necessarily members of the Institute. The standards developed
`within lEEE represent a consensus ofthe broad expertise on the subject within the Institute as well as those
`activities outside oflEEE that have expressed an interest in participating in the development ofthe standard.
`
`Use of an IEEE Standard is wholly voluntary. The existence of an lEEE Standard does not imply that there
`are no other ways to produce, test, measure, purchase, market, or provide other goods and services related to
`the scope of the lEEE Standard. Furthermore, the viewpoint expressed at the time a standard is approved and
`issued is subject to change brought about through developments in the state Of the art and comments
`received from users of the standard. Every lEEE Standard is subjected to review at least every five years for
`revision or reaffirmation. When a document is more than five years old and has not been reatfirmed. it is rea-
`sonable to conclude that its contents, although still of some value, do not wholly reflect the present state of
`the art. Users are cautioned to check to determine that they have the latest edition of any lEEE Standard.
`
`Comments for revision of lEEE Standards are welcome from any interested party, regardless of membership
`atfiliation with lEEE. Suggestions for changes in documents should be in the form of a proposed change of
`text, together with appropriate supporting comments.
`
`Interpretations: Occasionally questions may arise regarding the meaning of portions of standards as they
`relate to specific applications. When the need for interpretations is brought to the attention of lEEE, the
`Institute will initiate action to prepare appropriate responses. Since lEEE Standards represent a consensus of
`all concerned interests, it is important to ensure that any interpretation has also received the concurrence of a
`balance of interests. For this reason IEEE and the members of its technical committees are not able to pro-
`vide an instant response to interpretation requests except in those cases where the matter has previously
`received formal consideration.
`
`Comments on standards and requests for interpretations should be addressed to:
`
`Secretary, lEEE Standards Board
`445 Hoes Lane
`PO. Box l33l
`
`Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331
`USA
`
`
`Note: Attention is called to the possibility that implementation ol‘this standard may require use ol‘suh-
`ject matter covered by patent rights. By publication ot'this standard. no position is taken with respect to
`the existence or validity ol'any patent rights in connection therewith. The lEEE shall not be responsible
`for identifying all patents for which a license may be required by an lEEE standard or for conducting
`inquiries into the legal validity or scope of those patents that are brOught to its attention.
`
`The patent holder has. however, tiled a statement of" assurance that it will grant a license under these
`rights without compensation or under reasonable rates and nondiseriminatory. reasonable terms and
`conditions to all applicants desiring to obtain such a license. The [BBB makes no representation as to
`the reasonableness of rates and/or terms and conditions ofthe license agreement offered by the patent
`holder. Contact information may be obtained from the lEEE Standards Department.
`
`Authorization to photocopy portions of any individual standard for internal or personal use is granted by the
`Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Inc., provided that the appropriate fee is paid to Copyright
`Clearance Center. To arrange for payment of licensing fee, please contact Copyright Clearance Center. Cus-
`tomer Service, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA; (978) 750-8400. Permission to photocopy
`portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copy-
`right Clearance Center.
`
`iv
`
`Copyright© 1999 lEEE. All rights reserved.
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`
`Exhibit 1019-00004
`
`

`

`Introduction to ANSI/IEEE Std 802.11, 1999 Edition
`
`(This Introduction 15 not a part ofANSl/‘ll-IFIE Std 802 11, 1999 Edition or of 150/1EC 88024 l‘ 199‘), but is included for int‘ommtion
`purpose only.)
`
`This standard is part of a family of standards for local and metropolitan area networks. The relationship
`between the standard and other members of the family is shown below. (The numbers in the figure refer to
`lEEE standard numbers.)
`
`
`I
`l
`
`802.2 LOGICAL LINK CONTROL
`
`
`
`8021 BRIDGlNG
`
`DATA
`LlNK
`LAYER
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`>.
`E-
`a:
`
`g
`8
`g
`g
`3,
`
`m
`s
`s~
`E23
`E
`o
`c:
`<
`a5
`g
`Lu
`5
`g
`a
`g
`co
`
`’2
`g
`m
`o
`<
`2
`<
`2
`;
`g
`
`
`
`802.3
`MEDIUM
`ACCESS
`
`802.4
`MEDIUM
`ACCESS
`
`802.5
`MEDIUM
`ACCESS
`
`802.3
`PHYSICAL
`L
`
`302.4
`PHYSICAL
`
`802,5
`PHYSICAL
`
`
`
`802.6
`MEDlUM
`ACCESS
`
`802.5
`PHYSICAL
`
`
`
`802.9
`PHYSICAL
`
`802.9
`MEDIUM!
`ACCESS
`
`
`
`t
`
`802.11
`MEDIUM
`ACCESS
`
`802.12
`MEDIUM
`ACCESS
`
`802.11
`PHYSICAL
`
`802.12
`PHYSICAL
`
`PHYSICAL
`LAYER
`
`* Formerly lEEE Std 802.1A.
`
`This family of standards deals with the Physical and Data Link layers as defined by the lntemational Organiza-
`tion for Standardization (ISO) Open Systems interconnection (081) Basic Reference Model (lSO/lEC 7498-
`l: 1994). The access standards define seven types of medium access technologies and associated physical
`media, each appropriate for particular applications or system objectives. Other types are under investigation.
`
`The standards defining the access technologies are as follows:
`
`'
`
`lEEE Std 802
`
`Overview andArC/iilecture. This standard provides an overview to the family
`of IEEE 802 Standards.
`
`0 ANSI/lEEE Std 802.113 [mliV/A/MN Management, Defines an OS] management—compatible architec-
`and 802.1k
`ture. and services and protocol elements for use in a LAN/MAN environment
`[lSO/IEC 15802-2]
`for performing remote management.
`
`* ANSI/lEEE Std 802.1D Media [Itccess Con/r01 (MAC) Bridges. Specifies an architecture and protocol
`[ISO/IEC 15802-3]
`for the interconnection of IEEE 802 LANs below the MAC service boundary.
`
`' ANSI/lEEE Std 802.15
`[lSO/lEC 15302-4]
`
`Sys/em Load Protocol. Specifies a set of services and protocol for those
`aspects ofmanagement concerned with the loading of systems on [EEE 802
`LANs.
`
`-
`
`lEEE Std 802.1 F
`
`Common Dcfinilions' and Procedures/or IEEE 802 liltinagement Informalion
`
`- ANSI/[BEE Std 802.1G
`[ISO/[EC 15802—5]
`
`Remote Media Access ("antral (AIL-1C) Bridging. Specifies extensions for the
`interconnection, using nonwLAN communication technologies, of geographi-
`cally separated lEEE 802 LANs below the level ofthe logical link control
`protocol.
`
`- ANSI/lEEE Std 8022
`[lSO/IEC 8802-2]
`
`Logical Link Control
`
`Copyright © 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.
`
`v
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`
`Exhibit 1019-00005
`
`

`

`- ANSI/IEEE Std 802.3
`[ISO/'IEC 8802—3]
`
`(.‘Sil/IA/CD Access Method and Physical Layer Specifications
`
`0 ANSI/TREE Std 802.4
`[ISO/[EC 8802-4]
`
`- AhSl/lEEE Std 802.5
`[ISO/IEC 8802-5]
`
`
`
`- AbSl/IEEE Std 802.6
`[lSO/lEC 8802-6]
`
`' ANSI/IEEE Std 802.9
`[lSO/IEC 8802—9]
`
`v A1\Sl/IEEE Std 802.10
`
`Token Passing Bus Access utter/10d and Physical Layer Specifications
`
`Iii/ten Ring Access Method and Physical I,uyer Specifications
`
`Dis/ribuled Queue Dual Bus Access Avlethod and Physical Layer Specifica—
`lions
`
`Integrated Services (IS) [AN Interface at the Medium Access Control (MAC)
`and Physical (PH Y) Layers
`
`Interoperable LAN/MAN Security
`
`0
`
`[EEE Std 802.1 1
`[lSO/IEC DIS 8802-11]
`
`Wireless LA Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer Specifi-
`cations
`
`' ANSI/IEEE Std 802.12
`[ISO/IEC DIS 8802-12]
`
`Demand Priority Access Method. Physical Layer and Repeater Specifica-
`tions
`
`In addition to the family of standards, the following is a recommended practice for a common Physical
`Layer techno logy:
`
`-
`
`IEEE Std 802.7
`
`IEEE Recommended Practice for Broadband Local Area Networks
`
`The following additional working group has authorized standards projects under development:
`
`-
`
`lEEE 802.14
`
`Standard Protocol/or Cable-TV Based Broadband Communication Network
`
`Conformance test methodology
`
`identified by the number 1802, has been established to identify the
`An additional standards series,
`conformance test methodology documents for the 802 family of standards. Thus the conformance test
`documents for 8023 are numbered 1802.3.
`
`ANSIIIEEE Std 802.11, 1999 Edition [ISOllEC 8802-11: 1999]
`
`This standard is a revision of 151115; Std 802.1 1-1997. The Management Information Base according to 051
`rules has been removed. many redundant management items have been removed. and Annex D has been
`completed with the Management information Base according to SNM'P. Minor changes have been made
`throughout the document.
`
`This standard defines the protocol and compatible interconnection of data communication equipment via the
`“air”, radio or infrared, in a local area network (LAN) using the carrier sense multiple access protocol with
`collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) medium sharing mechanism. The medium access control (MAC) supports
`operation under control of an access point as well as between independent stations. The protocol includes
`authentication, association, and reaswciation services, an optional encryption/decryption procedure, power
`management to reduce power consumption in mobile stations. and a point coordination function for time-
`bounded transfer of data. The standard includes the definition of the management information base (MIB)
`using Abstract Syntax Notation 1 (ASN.1) and specifies the MAC protocol in a formal way. using the Speci-
`
`vi
`
`Copyright © 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`
`Exhibit 1019-00006
`
`

`

`fieation and Description Language (SDL). Both ASNJ and SDL source code have been added on a floppy
`diskette.
`
`The infrared implementation of the PHY supports I Mbit/s data rate with an optional 2 Mbit/s extension.
`The radio implementations of the PHY specify either a frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS)
`supporting l Mbit/s and an optional 2 Mbit/s data rate or a direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS)
`supporting both 1 and 2 Mbit/s data rates.
`
`This standard contains statewofnthe-art material. The area covered by this standard is undergoing evolutioni
`Revisions are anticipated to this standard within the next few years to clarify existing material, to correct
`possible errors, and to incorporate new related material. Information on the current revision state of this and
`other lEEE 802 standards may be obtained from
`
`Secretary, lEEE Standards Board
`445 Hoes Lane
`PO. Box 1331
`
`Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331 USA
`
`Participa nts
`
`At the time the draft of the 1999 version of this standard was sent to sponsor ballot, the lEEE 802.11
`working group had the following voting members:
`
`Victor Hayes, Chair
`Stuart J. Kerry and Al Petrick, Vice Chairs
`Bob O’Hara, 802. I 1 rev Task Group Chair and Technical Editor
`George Fishel, Secretary
`
`Dean Kawaguehi, I’llYGroup and FH Chair
`David Bagby, Mac Group (ii/Mir
`Jan Boer, Direct Sequence Chair
`Michael Fischer and Allen Heberling, State Diagram Editors
`
`John Fakatselis. Task Group I) Chair
`Naftali C hayat, Task Group a (“hair
`Victoria M. Poncini, Task Group c Chair
`
`JelTA bramowitz
`Keith B. Amundsen
`Carl 1*”.Andrcn
`Kazuhiro Aoyagi
`Phil Belangcr
`.John Biddich
`Simon Black
`Ronald Brockmann
`Wesley Brodsky
`John H. Cathrella
`Ken Clements
`Wim Dicpstraten
`Darrel Draper
`Peter Ecclesine
`Darwin Engwer
`.lell‘Fiseher
`Matthew Fischer
`Michael Fischer
`John Fisher
`Motohiro (iochi
`'l‘im Godfrey
`Jan Ilnagh
`
`Karl llunnestad
`Robert Heile
`Maarten lioeben
`Duane Hume
`Masayuki lkcda
`Richard Jai
`Donald C. Johnson
`Nobuo Karaki
`lsao Masaki
`Jim McDonald
`Gene Miller
`Akira Miurfl
`Masaharu Morl
`Masahiro Morikura
`Ravi Pi Nalamati
`Colin Nayler
`Richard van Nee
`'i'omoki Ohsawa
`Kazuhiro Okanoue
`Richard H. Paine
`Bob Pham
`Stanley A. Reibie
`
`William Roberts
`Kent G. Rollins
`Oren Rosenfeld
`Michael Rothenberg
`Clemens C. W. Ruppcl
`C handos Ryplnski
`Anil K. Sanwalka
`Roy Sebring
`Mike Shiba
`
`Thomas Siep
`Donald 1. Sloan
`Hitoshi Takanashi
`Satoru 'i‘oguchi
`Cherry 'l'om
`Mike Trom power
`Tom Tsoulogiannis
`Sarosh N. Vesuna
`Nien C. Wei
`Harry Worstcll
`Timothy M. Zimmerman
`Jonathan M. Zweig
`Jim Zyren
`
`Copyright © 1999 lEEE. All rights reserved
`
`vii
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`
`Exhibit 1019-00007
`
`

`

`Major contributions to the l999 edition were received from the following individuals:
`Henri Moclard
`Richard Ozer
`
`Amoud 7.wemmer
`
`The following members ofthe balloting committee voted on the 1999 version ofthis standard:
`Kit Athul
`A. Kamerman
`Ronald C. Petersen
`John R. Pickens
`Dean M. Kawaguchi
`‘l‘homas W. Bailey
`Alberto Profumo
`Edward R. Kelly
`Peter K. Campbell
`James T. Carlo
`Gary C. Kossler
`Vikram Punj
`James A. Renfro
`David
`Carlson
`Yongbum Kim
`Gary S. Robinson
`Brian J. Casey
`Stephen Barton Kruger
`Edouard Y. Rocher
`Joseph Kubler
`Naftali Chayat
`Lanse M. Leach
`James W. Romlein
`Robert S. Crowder
`Jai Yong Lee
`Wim Diepstraten
`Floyd E. Ross
`Thomas J. Dineen
`Randolph S. Little
`Michael Rothenberg
`Christos Douligeris
`Ronald Mahany
`Christoph Ruland
`Anil K. Sanwalka
`Paul S. Eastman
`Peter Martini
`Richard McBride
`James E. Schuessler
`Philip H. Enslow
`Rich Seifen
`Bennett Meyer
`Changxin Fan
`John W. Fendrich
`Leo Sintonen
`Gene E. Milligan
`Michael A. Fischer
`David S. Millman
`Patricia Thaler
`Hiroshi Miyano
`Mike Trompower
`George R. Fishel
`Warren Monroe
`Mark-Rene Uchida
`Harvey A. Freeman
`Emmanuel Van Lil
`John E. Montague
`Robert J. Gagliano
`Patrick S. Gonia
`Sarosh N. Vesuna
`Wayne D. Moyers
`Shimon Muller
`Julio Gonzalez-Sam
`James Vorhies
`Ken Naganuma
`Barry M. Vombrock
`Chris G. Guy
`Paul Nikolich
`Qian-li Yang
`Victor Hayes
`Robert O’Hara
`Donald N. Heirman
`Oren ‘r’uen
`Chris Zegelin
`Henry Hoyt
`Donal O‘Mahony
`Jonathan M. Zweig
`Raj Jain
`Roger Pandanda
`
`At the time the draft ofthe 1997 version ofthis standard was sent to sponsor ballot. the [BBB 802.11 work-
`ing group had the following voting members:
`
`Stuart J. Kerry and Chris Zegelin, Vice Chairs
`Victor Hayes, Chair
`Bob O'Hara and Greg Ennis, Chief ’1‘9chnical Editors
`
`George Fishel and Carolyn L. Heide, Secretaries
`
`David Bagby, MAC Group ("hair
`Jan Boer, Direct Sequence Chair
`
`C. Thomas Baumgartner, Infrared (“hair and Editor
`Michael Fischer, Stale Diagram Editor
`
`Dean M. Kawaguchi, [’HY Group and FH Chair
`
`Mike Trompowcr, Direct Sequence Editor
`
`Jell'Abramowitz
`Keith B. Amundsen
`Phil Belanger
`Manuel J. Betancor“
`John Biddiek
`Simon Black
`Alessandro M. Bolea
`Pablo Brenner
`Peter E. Chadwick
`Nal'tali Chayat
`Jonathon Y. (Theah
`Hue Wook C hoi
`Wim Diepstraten
`
`Robert J. Egan
`Darwin Engwer
`John Fakatsclis
`Martth Fischer
`Keith S. Furuya
`Rich Gardner
`Ian Gifford
`Howard J. Hall
`Bill Huhn
`Donald C. Johnson
`Mikio Kiyono
`Joseph J. Kubler
`Arthur Lashbrook
`
`l“. J. Lopez-Hernandez
`Ronald Mahany
`Bob Marshall
`Jim McDonald
`Akira Miura
`Wayne D. Moyers
`Ravi P. Nalamati
`Mitsuj i Okada
`Al Pctrick
`Miri Rather
`James A. Renl'ro
`William Roberts
`Jon Walter Rosdahl
`
`viii
`
`Copyright © 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`
`Exhibit 1019-00008
`
`

`

`Michael Rothenberg
`C‘handosA. Rypinsl-zi
`Anil K. Sanwalka
`Roy Sebring
`Glen Sherwood
`Thomas Siep
`\latharz Silberman
`
`Don Sloan
`Greg Smith
`Marvin L. Sojka
`Dave Strohsehein
`Bert Snllam
`Mack Sellivan
`
`"i‘om Tsoulogiannis
`Jeanine anndez
`Sarosh Vesuna
`Richard E. White
`Donna A. Wozrticki
`Timothy M. Zimmerman
`Johnny chig
`
`Major contributions to the 1997 version were received from the following individuals:
`
`Robert Achatz
`Ken Biba
`Paul Eastman
`Ed Geiger
`Larry van der Jagt
`
`*Deceased
`
`Richard Lee
`Kerry Lynn
`Michael Masleid
`John McKown
`K. S. Natarajan
`Jim Neatly
`
`Richard Ozer
`Thomas Phinney
`Leon S. Sealdtfl‘erti"=
`Jim Schuessler
`Francois Y. Simon
`
`The following persons were on the balloting committee for the 1997 version ofthis standard:
`
`Bernhard Albert
`Jon M. Allingliain
`Jack S. Aadresen
`KitAthul
`Anthony L. Barnes
`Robert T. Bell
`Manuel 1. Balance:
`Simon Black
`Alan 1,. Bridges
`Graham Campbell
`James T. Carlo
`David E. Carlson
`Peter E. Chadwick
`Naftali C hayat
`Alan J. Chwick
`Ken Clements
`Robert
`Crowder
`Ritaat Dayem
`Wim Diepstraten
`Edward A, Dunlop
`Sourav K. Dutta
`Paul S. Eastman
`Peter Ecclesine
`Gregory Elkmann
`John E. Emriuh
`?hilip ll. Enslow
`Changxin Fan
`MichaelA. Fischer
`Harvey A. Freeman
`Robert J. (iagliano
`Patrick S. Gonia
`N. Douglas Grant
`Ciov‘ert M. Grifiioen
`Joseph L. Hammond
`Victor Hayes
`Kenneth C, Heck
`Jan Hoogcndnorn
`Russell D. Housley
`Walter K. Hurwitz
`
`Richard J. llét‘f
`Tmnoaki ishifuji
`Carlos islas‘Perez
`Raj Jain
`A. Kamerman
`Peter M. Kelly
`Yongbum Kim
`YVEikio Kiyono
`Thaddeus Kobylarz
`Stephen B. Kruger
`Joseph J. Kubler
`David J. Law
`Jai Yong Lee
`Jungtae Lee
`Daniel E. Lewis
`Randolph S. Little
`Ming T. Liu
`Joseph C. J, L00
`Donald C. Loughry
`Robert D. Love
`Ronald Mahany
`Jim L. Mangin
`Peter Martini
`P. Takis Mathiopoulos
`Steve Messenger
`Bennett Meyer
`Ann Miller
`David S. Millman
`i-liroshi Miyano
`Stig Fi'ode Mjolsnes
`W. Melody Moh
`John E. Montague
`Wayne D. Meyers
`Paul Nikolieh
`Ellis S. Nolley
`Robert O’Hara
`Donal O’Mahony
`Roger Pandanda
`Lalit Mohan Patnaik
`Lucy W. Person
`
`Thomas 1.. l’hinney
`V’ikram Prabhu
`Alberto meumo
`David L. Propp
`Vikram Pnnj
`Andris Putnins
`Fernando Ramos
`James W. Romlein
`Floyd E. Ross
`Michael Rothenberg
`Christoph Ruland
`Chandos A. Rypinski
`Anil K. Sanwalka
`Gregory D. Schumacher
`Rich Seifert
`Lee A. Sendelbach
`Michael Serrone
`Adarshpal S. Sethi
`Donald A. Sheppard
`Nathan Silberman
`Joseph S. Skorupa
`Michael A. Smith
`Marvin L. Sojka
`Ffstalhios D. Sykes
`Geoffrey 0. Thompson
`Robert C. 'Fripi
`Mike Trompower
`David R. Turner
`Mark-Rene l Jchida
`James Vorhics
`Yuri-Che Wang
`Raymond P. Wenig
`Earl J. Whitaker
`David W. Wilson
`Jerry A. Wyatt
`Qian-Li Yang
`iwen Yao
`Oren Yuen
`Jonathan M. Zwoig
`
`Copyright © 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.
`
`ix
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`Exhibit 1019-00009
`
`

`

`When the lEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 18 March 1999,
`membership:
`
`it had the following
`
`Richard J. Holleman. (.‘lmir
`
`Donald N. Heirman, Vice Chair
`Judith German, Secretary
`
`Satish K. Aggarwal
`Dennis Bodson
`Mark D. Bowman
`James T. Carlo
`Gary R. Engmann
`Harold E. Epstein
`Jay Forster*
`Ruben D. Garzon
`
`*Member Emeritus
`
`James H. Gurney
`Lowell G. Johnson
`Robert J. Kennelly
`E. G. "Al" Kiener
`Joseph L. Koepfinger*
`L. Bruce MCC lung
`Daleep C. Mohla
`Robert F. Munzner
`
`Louis-Francois l’au
`Ronald C. Petersen
`Gerald H. Peterson
`John B. Posey
`Gary S. Robinson
`Akio Tojo
`Hans E. Weinrich
`Donald W. Zipse
`
`Also included is the following nonvoting lEEE—SA Standards Board liaison:
`
`Robert E. Hebner
`
`Valerie E. Zelenty
`IEEE Standards Project Editor
`
`x
`
`Copyright © 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`
`Exhibit 1019-00010
`
`

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`Contents
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`1.
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`Overview ............................................................................................................................................ ..
`
`1
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`2.
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`3.
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`4.
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`5.
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`1.1 Scope .......................................................................................................................................... .. 1
`1.2 Purpose....................................................................................................................................... .. 1
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`Normative references ......................................................................................................................... .. 2
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`Definitions .......................................................................................................................................... .. 3
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`Abbreviations and acronyms .............................................................................................................. .. 6
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`General description ............................................................................................................................ .. 9
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`5.1 General description ofthe architecture ...................................................................................... .. 9
`5.1.1 How wireless LAN systems are different .............................................................. .. 9
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`5.2 Components ofthe IEEE 802.11 architecture .......................................................................... .. 10
`5.2.1 The independent BSS as an ad hoc network ................................................................... .. 10
`5.2.2 Distribution system concepts .......................................................................................... .. 1 1
`5.2.3 Area concepts .................................................................................................................. .. 12
`5.2.4 Integration with wired LANs .......................................................................................... .. 14
`5.3 Logical service interfaces ........................................................................................................ .. 14
`5.3.1 Station service (SS) ......................................................................................................... .. 15
`5.3.2 Distribution system service (DSS) .................................................................................. .. 15
`5.3.3 Multiple logical address spaces ...................................................................................... .. 16
`5.4 Overview ofthe services .......................................................................................................... .. 17
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`5.4.] Distribution of messages within a DS ............................................................................. .. 17
`5.4.2 Services that support the distribution service ................................................................. .. 18
`5.4.3 Access and confidentiality control services .................................................................... .. 19
`5.5 Relationships between services ................................................................................................ .. 21
`5.6 Differences between E83 and 11383 LANs .............................................................................. .. 23
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`5.7 Message information contents that support the services .......................................................... .. 24
`5.7.1 Data ................................................................................................................................. ..25
`5.7.2 Association ...................................................................................................................... .. 25
`5.7.3 Reassociation .................................................................................................................. .. 25
`5.7.4 Disassociation ................................................................................................................. .. 26
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`5.7.5 Privacy ............................................................................................................................ .. 26
`5.7.6 Authentication ................................................................................................................. .. 26
`5.7.7 Deauthentication ............................................................................................................. .. 27
`5.8 Reference model ...................................................................................................................... .. 27
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`6. MAC service definition .................................................................................................................... .. 29
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`6.1 Overview of MAC services ..................................................................................................... .. 29
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`6.1.1 Asynchronous data service ............................................................................................. .. 29
`6.1.2 Security services ............................................................................................................. .. 29
`6.1.3 MSDU ordering .............................................................................................................. .. 29
`6.2 Detailed service specification .................................................................................................. .. 30
`6.2.1 MAC data services .......................................................................................................... .. 30
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`7.
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`Frame formats .................................................................................................................................. .. 34
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`7 .| MAC frame formats ................................................................................................................. .. 34
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`Copyright © 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.
`
`xi
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`
`Exhibit 1019-00011
`
`

`

`7.1.1 Conventions .................................................................................................................... .. 34
`7.1.2 General frame format ...................................................................................................... .. 34
`7. i .3 Frame fields .................................................................................................................... .. 35
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`7.2 Format ofindividual frame types. ............................................................................................ .. 41
`7.2.1 Control frames
`41
`7.2.2 Data frames ...................................... ..
`...43
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`7.2.3 Management
`7.3 Management frame body components
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`45
`50
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`7.3.2 Information elements ........................................................................................................ 55
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`8.
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`Authentication and privacy .............................................................................................................. .. 59
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`8.1 Authentication services ............................................................................................................ .. 59
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`8.1 .1 Open System authentication ........................................................................................... .. 59
`8.1.2 Shared Key authentication .............................................................................................. .. 60
`8.2 The Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) algorithm .................................................................... .. 61
`8.2.] Introduction ..................................................................................................................... .. 61
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`8.2.2 Properties of the WEP algorithm .................................................................................... .. 62
`8.2.3 WEP theory of operation ................................................................................................ .. 62
`8.2.4 WEP algorithm specification .......................................................................................... .. 64
`8.2.5 WEP Frame Body expansion .......................................................................................... .. 64
`8.3 Security—Related MIB attributes .............................................................................................. .. 65
`8.3.1 Authentication—Related MIB attributes ........................................................................... .. 65
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`8.3.2 Privacy—Related MIB attributes ...................................................................................... .. 65
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`9. MAC sublaycr functional description .............................................................................................. .. 70
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`9.1 MAC architecture ..................................................................................................................... .. 70
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`9.1.1 Distributed coordination function (DCF) ........................................................................ .. 70
`9.1.2 Point coordination function (PCP) .................................................................................. .. 70
`9.1.3 Coexistence of DCF and PCP
`71
`
`71
`9.1.4 Fragmentation/defragrnentation overview
`. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 72
`9.1.5 MAC data service . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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`9.2 DCF .......................................................................................................................................... .. 72
`9.2.1 Carrier—sense mechanism ................................................................................................ .. 73
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`9.2.2 MAC-Level acknowledgments
`9.2.31nterframe space (IFS)
`9.2.4 Random
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`73
`74
`75
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`76
`9.2.5 DCF access
`9.2.6 Directed MPDU transfer procedure ................................................................................ .. 82
`9.2.7 Broadcast and multicast MPDU transfer procedure ....................................................... .. 83
`9.2.8 ACK procedure ............................................................................................................... .. 83
`9.2.9 Duplicate detection and recovery .................................................................................... .. 83
`9.2.10 DCF timing relations ..................................................................................................... .. 84
`9.3 PCF .......................................................................................................................................... .. 86
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`9.3.1 CFP structure and timing ................................................................................................ .. 87
`9.3.2 PCF access procedure ..................................................................................................... .. 88
`9.3.3 PCP transfer procedure ................................................................................................... .. 89
`9.3.4 Contention-Free polling list ............................................................................................ .. 92
`9.4 Fragmentation .......................................................................................................................... .. 93
`9.5 Defragmcntation ...................................................................................................................... .. 94
`9.6 Multirate support ...................................................................................................................... .. 95
`9.7 Frame exchange sequences ...................................................................................................... .. 95
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`xii
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`Copyright © 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`
`Exhibit 1019-00012
`
`

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`9.8 MSDU transmission
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`97
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`10.
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`Layer management ........................................................................................................................... .. 98
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`10.] Overview of management model ...........................................................