US007616970B2
`
`(12) Ulllted States Patent
`Gorsuch
`
`(10) Patent N0.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 7,616,970 B2
`*Nov. 10, 2009
`
`(54) DUAL MODE UNIT FOR SHORT RANGE,
`HIGH RATE AND LONG RANGE, LOWER
`RATE DATA COMMUNICATIONS
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`U S PATENT DOCUMENTS
`'
`'
`_
`4,107,469 A
`8/1978 Jenkins
`
`(75) Inventor: Thomas E. Gorsuch, lndialantic, FL
`(US)
`
`(Continued)
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`(73) Assignee: IPR Licensing, Inc., Wilmington, DE
`(Us)
`
`DE
`
`_ 10/1995
`4426183
`(Cont1nued)
`
`*
`
`_
`
`_
`
`_
`
`_
`
`_
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`(
`
`) Not1ce.
`
`Subject‘ to any d1scla1mer, the term of this
`pawnt 15 extended Or adlusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 418 days.
`
`“IEEE 802,11 Wireless LAN Standard,” The M AC Layer, pp‘ L2,
`downloaded Jul. 15, 1999 from http://WWW.Wlana.c0m/intr0/stan
`dard/maehtml.
`
`This patent is subject to a terminal dis-
`claimer.
`
`(21) Appl.No.: 11/326,809
`
`(22) Flled:
`(65)
`
`Jan‘ 6’ 2006
`Prior Publication Data
`
`US 2006/01 16129 A1
`
`Jun. 1, 2006
`
`Related US. Application Data
`(63) Continuation of application No. 10/358,082, ?led on
`F b 3 2003
`P N 7 013 162
`d
`_
`e? '
`_’
`’ now at‘ _O' ’
`’
`’ an a Commu'
`at1on-1n-part of appl1cat1on No. 10/341,528, ?led'on
`Jan' 13’ 2Q03>_nOW Pat' NO' 710243222’ each Whlch 1S a
`cont1nuat1on-1n-part of appl1cat1on No. 09/400,136,
`?led on SeP~ 21, 1999, HOW Pat N0~ 6,526,034-
`
`(51) Int- Cl-
`(2006-01)
`H04M 1/ 00
`(52) US. Cl. ............................... .. 455/553.1; 455/552.1
`(58) Field of Classi?cation Search ............ .. 455/ 553.1,
`455/ 552.1
`See application ?le for complete search history.
`
`(Commued)
`Primary ExamineriBarry W Taylor
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or FirmiVolpe and Koenig, RC.
`
`ABSTRACT
`(57)
`A technique for communicating With a local area netWork
`(LAN) v1a a Wireless connection determInes'Wh'ether a ?rst
`short-range, high-speed, W1reless communicatlon path Is
`available and connects to the LAN using a longer range, loWer
`speed Wireless communication path if the short-range, high
`speed Wireless communication path is not available. The loW
`range’ hlgbspeed Wlreless Commumcanon path-1S a wlreless
`LAN connectlon such as an IEEE 802.11-compl1antW1reless
`LAN and the long-range, loW-speed Wireless communication
`mode is a Cellular CDMA_type Connection Determining
`Whether the ?rst IEEE 802.11 mode is available can be done
`by detecting a beacon Signal’ or by transmitting a probe
`request message and detecting a probe response message in
`response to the probe request, indicating the presence or
`availability of the short-range, high-speed Wireless commu
`nication path. Alternatively, the availability of short-range,
`high-speed Wireless communication path can be detected by
`simply detecting activity On it.
`
`18 Claims, 6 Drawing Sheets
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`
`IPR Licensing, Inc.
`Exhibit .
`ZTE Corp v. IPR Licensing, Inc.
`IPR2014-00525 
`
`

`
`US 7,616,970 B2
`Page 2
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
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`Melanchuk, Tim, et al., “CDPD and Emerging Digital Cellular Sys
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`(1996).
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`Wideband Spread Spectrum Cellular System, TIA/EIA Interim Stan
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`1-742.
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`Spread Spectrum Cellular Systems, TINEIA Standard, TINEIA
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`Morris, “UMTS and the RACE II CODIT Project,” IEEE Colloquium
`on Mobile Telecommunications Towards the Year 2000, pp. 8/ 1-8/4
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`Network Wireless Systems Offer Business Unit (NWS OBU), Fea
`ture De?nition Document for Code Division Multiple Access
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`Summary. Feb. 24-28, 1997 Banff, Alberta.
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`* cited by examiner
`
` Ex. 2013-0004
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`

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`NOV 10, 2009
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`
`US 7,616,970 B2
`
`1
`DUAL MODE UNIT FOR SHORT RANGE,
`HIGH RATE AND LONG RANGE, LOWER
`RATE DATA COMMUNICATIONS
`
`RELATED APPLICATION(S)
`
`This application is a continuation of US. application Ser.
`No. 10/358,082, ?led Feb. 3, 2003, now US. Pat. No. 7,013,
`162 and a continuation of US. application Ser. No. 10/341,
`528, ?led Jan. 13, 2003, now US. Pat. No. 7,024,222 Which
`are both continuations of US. application Ser. No. 09/400,
`136, ?led Sep. 21, 1999 now US. Pat. No. 6,526,034. The
`entire teachings of the above application are incorporated
`herein by reference.
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`The Widespread availability of personal computers at loW
`cost has led to a situation Where the general public increas
`ingly demands access to the Internet and other computer
`netWorks. A similar demand exists for Wireless communica
`tions in that the public increasingly demands that cellular
`telephones be available at loW cost With ubiquitous coverage.
`As a result of its familiarity With these tWo technologies,
`the general population noW increasingly Wishes to not only
`access computer netWorks, but to access such netWorks in
`Wireless fashion as Well. This is of particularly concern to
`users of portable computers, laptop computers, hand-held
`personal digital assistants (PDAs) and the like, Who Would
`prefer and indeed noW expect to be able to access such net
`Works With the same convenience they have groWn accus
`tomed to When using their cellular telephones.
`Unfortunately, there still is no Widely available satisfactory
`solution for providing loW cost, broad geographical coverage,
`high speed access to the Internet and other netWorks using the
`existing Wireless infrastructure Which has been built at some
`expense to support cellular telephony. Indeed, at the present
`time, the users of Wireless modems that operate With the
`existing cellular telephone netWork often experience a di?i
`cult time When trying to, for example, access the Internet to
`vieW Web pages. The same frustration level is felt in any
`situation When attempting to perform other tasks that require
`the transfer of relatively large amounts of data betWeen com
`puters.
`This is at least in part due to the architecture of cellular
`telephone netWorks, Which Were originally designed to sup
`port voice communications, as compared to the communica
`tions protocols in use for the Internet, Which Were originally
`optimiZed for Wireline communication. In particular, the pro
`tocols used for connecting computers over Wireline netWorks
`do not lend themselves Well to e?icient transmission over
`standard Wireless connections.
`For example, cellular netWorks Were originally designed to
`deliver voice grade services, having an information band
`Width of approximately three kilohertZ (kHz). While tech
`niques exist for communicating data over such radio channels
`at the rate of 9600 kilobits per second (kbps), such loW fre
`quency channels do not lend themselves directly to transmit
`ting data at rates of 28.8 kbps or even the 56.6 kbps that is noW
`commonly available using inexpensive Wireline modems.
`These rates are presently thought to be the minimum accept
`able data rates for Internet access.
`This situation is true for advanced digital Wireless commu
`nication protocols as Well, such as Code Division Multiple
`Access (CDMA). Even though such systems convert input
`voice information to digital signals, they too Were designed to
`provide communication channels at voice grade bandWidth.
`
`20
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`25
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`30
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`35
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`40
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`45
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`55
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`2
`As a result, they use communication channels that may
`exhibit a bit error rate (BER) as high as one in one thousand
`bits in multipath fading environments. While such a bit error
`rate is perfectly acceptable for the transmission or voice sig
`nals, it becomes cumbersome for most data transmission
`environments.
`Unfortunately, in Wireless environments, access to chan
`nels by multiple subscribers is expensive and there is compe
`tition for them. Whether the multiple access is provided by the
`traditional Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA)
`using analog modulation on a group of radio carriers, or by
`neWer digital modulation schemes that permit sharing of a
`radio carrier using Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)
`or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), the nature of the
`cellular radio spectrum is such that it is a medium that is
`expected to be shared. This is quite dissimilar to the tradi
`tional environment for data transmission, in Which the Wire
`line medium is relatively inexpensive to obtain, and is there
`fore not typically intended to be shared.
`On the other hand, Wireless local area netWorks (W-LANs)
`have been developed to alloW communications betWeen users
`over a relatively small range Without the need for a physical
`connection, or alternatively, to alloW communications
`betWeen a Wired LAN and Wireless users. W-LANs typically
`have a much smaller range and higher data rates.
`A neWly accepted standard, IEEE 802.11, speci?es a pro
`tocol for the media access control (MAC) and physical (PHY)
`layers of a Wireless LAN. As With cellular systems, a W-LAN
`connection can be handed off from one area of coverage (a
`“basic service set” in IEEE 802.11 parlance) to the next. A
`good description of Wireless LANs, and the IEEE 802.11
`standard in particular, may be found in Geier, 1., Wireless
`LANs (Macmillan Technical Publishing, 1999).
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`Wireless LANs are generally private netWorks, that is they
`are installed, oWned, and maintained by a private party, such
`as a business, educational institution or home oWner. Such
`netWorks are therefore generally cheaper to access than long
`range netWorks Which utiliZe shared public access frequen
`cies licensed by a government authority to complete a con
`nection, and Which generally require subscriber fees.
`In addition, W-LANs typically operate at a much faster
`data rate than the long range netWork. HoWever, as the Word
`“local” implies, the range of a W-LAN is rather limitedi
`typically tens or hundreds of feet, as compared to several
`miles for a long range cellular telephone netWork.
`It Would therefore be desirable to have a device Which can
`automatically select the cheaper and faster W-LAN When
`possible, e.g., When Within its range, and to resort to the long
`range cellular netWork When access to the W-LAN is not
`possible or practical. Previously, tWo devices Would have
`been required, one for accessing the W-LAN and one for
`accessing the long range netWork. At best, these tWo devices
`could ?t into tWo slots in, for example, a laptop computer,
`requiring the user to select, either through softWare or hard
`Ware, Which device, and hence, Which netWork to access. The
`user might typically then have to disconnect one of the
`devices to install the other, and manually recon?gure the
`computer.
`The present invention, on the other hand, is a single device
`Which connects directly to a W-LAN using a protocol such as
`IEEE 802.11 When such a connection is possible, and auto
`matically reverts to connecting to the long range netWork only
`When out of range of the W-LAN base stations.
`
` Ex. 2013-0011
`
`

`
`US 7,616,970 B2
`
`3
`Thus, the same equipment can be used Without any recon
`?guration and even Without the knowledge of the user. For
`example, When the user is on a company campus and Within
`range of the less expensive, faster W-LAN, the user’s laptop
`or PDA automatically communicates With the W-LAN. If the
`user leaves the o?ice, for example, for lunch, or at the end of
`the day, heads home, the same laptop or PDA, being out of
`range of the W-LAN, Will automatically communicate
`instead With the Wider range, more expensive cellular net
`Work.
`Therefore, the present invention is also a method Which
`uses a ?rst Wireless digital communication path and a second
`Wireless digital communication path for coupling data com
`munication signals With a local Wireless transceiver at a ?rst
`site. The second digital communication path provides Wider
`coverage and a sloWer communication rate than the ?rst digi
`tal communication path. The local Wireless transceiver con
`ducts Wireless communications With a remote Wireless trans
`ceiver at a second site.
`One of the Wireless communication path is selected upon a
`request to establish a communication session betWeen the
`?rst and second sites by ?rst determining Whether the ?rst
`Wireless digital communication path is available.
`In one embodiment, the ?rst Wireless communication path
`comprises a Wireless LAN connection, preferably using car
`rier sense multiple