MOCKOBCKI/[M I‘OGY,1IAPCTBEI-D-IHP! MI-DKEHEPHO—<DM8M‘{ECHMPI MI-ICTMTNT
`
`( CKM UHMBEPCMTET)
`
`This material may be protected by Copyright law (Title 17 U.S. Code)
`
`Ha npalaax PYKOIIHCPI
`
`MOSPPMH llmwrprm BPITEJILBBWI
`
`3K MEHOE MCGJIEIIOBAHME CI6Jl]':>HOTO‘II-IHX <DOPM
`
`KBABHCTAIIMOHAPHOPO PABPHIIA I-IMBHOPO IIABJIEHMH.
`
`B MAI‘!-IMTHOM IIOJIE
`
`01.04.08 — qmamca n mmm rmaamu
`
`Ilnccepratma
`
`Ha conczcamae yqenon cmenem
`
`EBEEHJIBTB ®BHKO-M8T9M8TH‘IeCICIr!X HBYE
`
`AB'I’Op
`
`Hayqmm PYICOBOIEKTGJII: — %
`
`E8H.Efifi8T @3}H1CO-MBTSMBTKQBCKIIX. HBYK
`
`5/’
`
`JIOLIGHT QBTKCOB MPOPI: KOHCTEHTHHOBHQ
`
`Mocmaa — 1994 I‘.
`
`INTEL 1107
`
`INTEL 1107
`
`
`
`( CKM UHMBEPCMTET)
`
`This material may be protected by Copyright law (Title 17 U.S. Code)
`
`Ha npalaax PYKOIIHCPI
`
`MOSPPMH llmwrprm BPITEJILBBWI
`
`3K MEHOE MCGJIEIIOBAHME CI6Jl]':>HOTO‘II-IHX <DOPM
`
`KBABHCTAIIMOHAPHOPO PABPHIIA I-IMBHOPO IIABJIEHMH.
`
`B MAI‘!-IMTHOM IIOJIE
`
`01.04.08 — qmamca n mmm rmaamu
`
`Ilnccepratma
`
`Ha conczcamae yqenon cmenem
`
`EBEEHJIBTB ®BHKO-M8T9M8TH‘IeCICIr!X HBYE
`
`AB'I’Op
`
`Hayqmm PYICOBOIEKTGJII: — %
`
`E8H.Efifi8T @3}H1CO-MBTSMBTKQBCKIIX. HBYK
`
`5/’
`
`JIOLIGHT QBTKCOB MPOPI: KOHCTEHTHHOBHQ
`
`Mocmaa — 1994 I‘.
`
`INTEL 1107
`
`INTEL 1107
`
`
`
`COHEPEAHME
`
`cTp.
`
`2 4
`
`cozrapmmz .......
`
`.........................
`
`.......
`
`BBEHEHME............... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ........ .....
`
`Pnaaa I. Cnnhuowoqnue paapfinu HMBKOPO nannenna B MBPHKTHOM
`
`none H nx ncnonmaoaanne nan renepaunn nnownofi
`
`nmaauu n nnrencnsnnx nomoxon qacwnu . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
`
`I.I
`
`Bxcuepnmenranbnue nccnenpnaaa raaonoro paapana
`
`HHBKOPO nanaenna B MBPHHTHOM none H mm npnuenenne
`
`B conpemenaon rexnnxe. . . . . ... . . . . . .......... . . . . ..
`
`I.2
`
`Meronn nonwuennn paapanon HEBKOPO naaaeHnsVOoammofi
`
`Momnocrn c onnoponnon cwpyxwypon nmaaMu...........
`
`Bunonn . . . . . . . . . . .; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., . . . . . . . . . . ..
`
`Pnaaa 2.
`
`Meronnna n TBXHHKB axcnepnmenwa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
`
`2.1
`
`Bxcnepnmenmanbaaa ycranoaxa Ana nnnwqenna Momma:
`KBBBHCTEHHOHBPBHX mopm rasoaord paspana B cKpemeH-
`
`aux enexrpnqecnou n MSPHHTHOM nonax. . . . . ..........
`
`2.2
`
`Munwnmcnaa aonnpnaa Meronnna onpenenenna uapaMeT-
`
`POE maamlt I I O 0 O O I I O III I I 0 I I I I I I U I I u I 0 IOOIIIIIOOI
`
`2.3 IIBYXMOJIOBEH JI8BBpH8fi MBTOJIHKB onpeneneanfi HJIOTHOC-
`
`'l'KIU!83MH. . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
`
`2.4 Munynhcnqe CMSIIIBHHB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Pnaaa.3.
`
`Oonacrn cymecmnonanna n xapaurepncrnxn unsan-
`
`craunonapnux cnmbnoroqnux pexnuon paapana HHSKOPO
`
`nannenna B MBPHHTHOM ncne paannqnon non@nrypaunn..
`
`3.1
`
`Pexnmu xaaancraunonapnoro paapana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
`
`3.2
`
`flpnueaene nynhcnot
`
`apnnoaofi Meronnxn Ana
`
`OIIPBJIGJIGHKH HBPBMBTPOB IUIBBMH H HOHHHI HOTOKOB. . . .
`
`25
`
`32
`
`34
`
`34
`
`45
`
`54
`
`57
`
`59
`
`59
`
`74
`
`
`
`3 .3 0IIpe.zzeJ1e1me
`
`napaMe'rpoB rmaamu paspsma MBTOJIOM
`
`,z:ByxMo.noBon nasepnon m—n-epqnepomewpm. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`3.4 Oooyauxelme peayamraroa............................
`
`82.
`
`8'?
`
`I‘.naBa . 4 .
`
`Bmnccnomme
`
`H
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`pa CIIHJIIITBJILHHE
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`CPIJIBHOTOQHHX (DOpM IcBa3nc'raunoHapHoro paspsuza H113-
`
`naBJIe IIIIOIIOIOIICIIIIIIIIOIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
`
`I00
`
`4 . I Ocooennocm nawomoro pacrnmex-ma B 1cBaanc'ra1moHap—
`
`HOM
`
`CKJIBHOTOWHOM MEPHBTPOHHOM PBBPHJIB
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`PI
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`ero
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`ECHOJIBBOEBHHE B TGXHOJIOPEI HM!'WJIbCHO1"O PBCIIHJISHPIH
`
`MaTepnamBIOIIIIIIIIUIIIIIIOIOOIICIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
`
`I00
`
`4.2 Bwrccnor-nme cBonc'rBa Imaamu CKJEbHO'1'O‘IBOI'O Jmttxm/3-
`
`HOPO PBBPHJIE Ir! KX HCIIOJIBBOBBHPIG B Tex!-IOJIOPKK0 KOH-'
`
`HO-CTMMYJMPOBBHHOPO TPBBJIBHHH MBTBPKBJXOB. . .-..-- ..... .
`
`I03
`
`IIO
`
`III
`
`
`
`BBEIIEHME.
`
`I/In-rencmaaoe nccnenonanne paapsuzoa HKSKOPO ,naB.neHna B uoIIepeq—
`
`I-ION Marnnmou none cnsaano c m: mnpomm ncnomaonaunem B M8I‘HeTpOH-
`
`HH1 yc'1-pone’:-Bax Texnonormecnoro Haanaqenna, ycxopmemx rmaauu c
`
`sammywum Jxpemaou anexcrponoa, B Kaqecwae rmaamennwt BMIITTGPOB mm
`
`a.neIc'rpommx n nommx nnxemopoa.
`
`Anama JMTBPBTYPHIH. mmmx nozcaannaer, we cnoncwna paspsma 13
`nonepemou Marnnmom none 0 aammywma npempon snewrpénos B ocmacm
`
`uepexona or Mamerpoimoro paapsuza c pacwymen Bo.m:.'r—aM1IepHofi xaparc—
`
`Tepncrmcon K nyronouy paapsuxy upammecm He nayqemi. OTOYTCTBYDT
`
`ooocnoaamme axcnepmaemanbnne H Teopemqecme namme, uoaaonamme
`
`orrpe.ne.:m'rb~
`
`rrpe,zxe.nLnHe
`
`pemmu Marnerpounoro
`
`paapsuza
`
`B
`
`xowopux
`
`qiymumormpye-r 6o.nLnnmc'rBo Texnonornqecmm yo-rpofic.1:n.:. Idccnenoaanne
`
`MOIIIHHX KMIUJIBCHHX PEBPHJIOB, KCIIOJIBBYSMHX ,I(JIfi
`
`’ PSHBFBIIZE IIJIOTHOK‘
`
`omiopomion rmaamu, yrcaaunaer Ha Boamoxaocwb cymecrnonanna ycromm-'
`
`’
`
`BHI
`
`PBBPHJIB B MEPHHTHOM IIOJIG,
`
`I-I8 IIGPGXOIIHIIIHX B KOHTp8I'IdpOBEH-
`
`HY!) QBBY Hpfl BHBWITBJILHHX BBJMTHHEX TOK8, OOLFIHO OOOTBBTCTBYIIIMI
`
`zwroaon o6.nac-m BOJ!I:'1'—aM1'IepI-IOH xapanwepncmm Tazcnx paapsuzoa.
`
`IIBJII: padom:
`
`Mccnenonanne BOJILT-BMIIBPHHX xapemepncwmc n oO.nac-ren cymec'rBo-
`
`B83115! CKJIBHOTCNEHI. (I)OpM Icaaancrauuonapnoro paapsuza Imazcoro nannenna
`
`B MEPBMTHLIX nosmx paamqnofi Icomlnrypamm.
`
`oupeneneune
`
`JIOKBJIBHHI xapawrepncwmc
`
`rmaamu yxcaaammx cbopu
`
`paapsma.
`
`Mccnenoaanne BOBMOIHOCTK ncnonbaonanna mxaam cmmnowoqnoro
`
`paapsma mm renepauxm nnomnx Imasuemnn oopasoeamm n nmencnzamm
`
`IIOTOICOB BBPSIBHEHX ‘IBCTHLI.
`
`
`
`Hayqnaa HoBn3Ha H npaxruqecxaa anaqnmocmb paoowuz
`
`B npouecce nponeneuna paoown Ounn nccnenoeanu oonacwn cymecT—
`
`Bonanna u pexnmu cnnbnowoqnax mopm Hsaancwaunonapnoro paapfina HB-
`
`KOTO nannenna B MBPHHTHHX nonax paannqnon Komnrypaunn.
`
`V Oonapymena Hoaaa craonnbnaa Qopma Kaaancwaunonapuoro paapana B
`
`uonepeqnom MBPHMTHOM none, aanammaaca npomemywoqnofi cwannefi nape-
`
`xona or MarHeTpoHHoro paepana B nyronofi
`
`(cnnbnowoqnnn n¢Qy3HHn pe-
`
`mnm) K nmemmaa cnenymmne ocHoBHHe xapaxwepncrnxn: Hanpsxenne rope-
`HHH =I00 B, Bpefis cymecwaoaanna no Hecxonbxnx Mmnnncexynn, nnanason
`TOKOB ow I0 A no 2 I03 A. Hpennomena Kaqecraennaa Monenb, noacHHn—
`
`man Bosuomann MGXEHMBM BOSHHKHOBBHHH H cymecmnoaauna yxaaaunon mop-
`
`M paapana.
`
`¥cTaHoBneHo
`cymecwnoaanne
`cunbnoroqnofi Bucoxoaonbwnon mopmn
`KBaancTaunoHapHoro MBFHBTPOHHOPO paapana (cnnLHoToqHHn MBPHBTPOHHHE
`
`pexum), ownnqammenca BHCOKHM Hanpamennem ropenna (no I200 B) B co-
`qerannn c Oonbmon nnornocrbm Kawonxoro TOK8 (no 25 A/CM2). nmTenL—
`
`HOCTL cymecTBoBaHna swofi mopmu paapana MOEBT HPBBHMBTB 20 MO.
`
`Hoxasana Bosmoxaocrb nonyqenna nmaamennux oopasosannn nmoTHo—
`CTBD no 1.5 I015 cM“3 B oO$eMe no I000 OM3, ooecneqnaammnx amccum
`
`nonnoro nyqxa nmornocmbm caume I0 A/cue c aneprnen no I00 9B.
`
`Honaaana Boamoxnocwb nmwencnnnoro Kawonnoro pacnnnenna n cos-
`
`nanna nowoxon uacrnu pacnnnennoro Mawepnana c Bucoxon nnownocwbn.
`
`Honyqeunue peaynbrawu ncnonbaonanuz
`
`— B Honofi nnaamennon Texnonornn HOHHO—CTHMyflHpOBaHHOPO TpaBne—
`
`HMH H coanannn nmaamoxnmmuecxoro peaxwopa nna ycxopennoro Tpanneuna
`
`cnoea (HO Cyomxpon)
`
`— B Texnonornn nmnynbcnoro pacnHneHua Marepnanoa (HO 3Hepro—
`
`Mam P. Camapa)
`
`
`
`— Ilpn Hanecemm deanetpewrmm nonpumn Ha Herepuocwomme cumi-
`
`mmmmonane gamma nomxanpymmx nanyqeum n ocooo TOHICKB rmemm
`
`(coamecmo mm 1: Man ".I[mIrbepeH'r" r. Mnncxc).
`
`Ha aamrry BHHOCfi'1'Cfi anenymme nonoxemm:
`
`I. Peaynyram a1ccnepnMeH'ra.nLm=Ix nccnenonamm cmmnowotmux thopu
`
`xnaancwaunonapuoro paapsuza
`
`xmarcoro
`
`.11aB.ne1ms
`
`B Marmrrnnx
`
`noamx
`
`paammnofi Icoflclnrypaxmn: a. ocmacm cymecwaonanna H pexnmi mayx cbopu
`
`paapsma:
`
`6. aanncmocm BOJIb'1'-BMHBPHHI xapamepncwmc
`
`or nasnenna, Benmmnu m-Lzmcmm M8I'HH'1'HOI'O nous, pone Ijaaa, Ma'repna-
`
`.na anewrponos, annaj paapamzoro ycwponcwna.
`‘
`B. xaqecmemiaa Mo,ne.ms, 1IOfiCEfilllI3fi'.:*EO.3llOI-
`
`nun MEIBHHBM Boaumcnonemm u cymecraoaanna cnJII:HO'1'O‘IEOfl"'.1IKI!]ly'.'-SE01
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`(DOWN P33Pfi1I8-
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`2.. Meron nmuynhcaofi somzonofi zmamocwmm 1I.no'rI-Ion Imaauu.
`
`3.
`
`Pe3y.nL'ra'rH nccnenoaamm napauerpoa Imaem cmmnoroqnoro
`
`Icaaancwazmonapaoro mrmxyanoro pemma paapsma B c.naOo Heozmopozmom
`
`MBPHKTHOM IIOJIB .
`
`Ocnomme pe3y.m:'ra'm ornvmmzcoaann B paoorax [94+IO4] .
`
`
`
`-7-
`
`PJIABA I . CWEHOTOVEIHE PABPHILH HMBKOPO , B MAI'H]/WHOM
`
`HOJIE
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`H
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`EX MCHOJIHBOBAHME
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`IUIH
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`PEI!-IEPAIIMM IUIOTHODI
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`HJIABMH
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`M
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`I/[HTEHCMBHHX IIOTOKOB BA.PflJKEHHX QACTWI.
`
`I .I Bucnepmaenranbrme nccaxegzosarma raaoaoro paspana HKBKOPO
`
`namxenna B M8I'I-IPITHOM none H ero npmenerme B conpememmfi Texamce.
`
`Gymecrnyronme BYIJIH ycwpoficwn Ha ocnoxae paspsuxa B cxcpememmx
`
`ExH nomzx.
`
`Mccnenonarme xapam-epncrmc paapana B cxcpememmx :->.ne1c'rp1mec-
`
`ROM 12: Mammmom nomzx Irpmaeazo re cosmanmo MHOIKGCTBE rasopaspammx
`
`ycwponcma,
`
`naxommmx muporcoe npmenerme B paamumx oonacmx
`
`Hayxn n Texnmcn. owmqamnxca K01-Ictmrwpaunefi E n B ncmen, Bemé
`
`‘IMHOH paapam-Ioro TOK8, Hanpsmerma.
`
`JISBJIGI-Ildfi P838. 0 TOKH sperms!
`
`npawrmecxoro rrpmenemxa Hanoonee nepcnewrnzrmmn orcaaaamcn .c:nc- 75
`
`-
`
`TGMH c Icontmrypazmen noaren, ocecneqnaanmn sammywufi zrpemb‘ SJIBK-‘-““
`
`-rponon. K xx qncny omocsrrca 1m.mH,z1pm1ec1cne
`
`[L21 9: xmoczme
`
`[3,4] M8I'HeTpOI-IH, aqemca Hemmra [5], Icomommponamme yc'rpono'rBa
`
`c MBPHBTPOHOM n no.nHM xca'ro,noM [6+8} ,
`
`1:ma3MeHHHe ycxopwream c
`
`aammywma xomoecmm '1-orcou
`
`[9+II1. B mtrrepawype nocnenoaanu
`
`cBonc'rBa paapsuzola npawrmlecml ma Bcex Bosmom-mx KOH£IMI'ypaLIlm
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`a1ccna.nbHo—cmmeTpm1HHx EXB nosxen. Mccnenonanna paapsmon c HeB8M—
`
`xcnymm Jzpembom anewrponoa 11'pOBO,l!,'P!JIPICb c uemalo Buacuenna Boauox
`
`nocm nonyqemm IIO'1‘0I£8 rmaamu, ycrcopeunoro cxpememamm 9.ne1<'rpn-
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`qecmm n Mammmum nommn, a were me Mammmon nzaommm IIJIBBMH n
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`KCHOJIBBOBBHKH
`
`Taxmx
`
`fiaapanoa
`
`B
`
`Imazamoxmmzecxmx
`
`peawropax
`
`[12,13] . Paspsum B nonepeqnom Mammmou none Hanum umpozcoe
`
`rrpmeuerme mm cosnarma Imaamemmx ammepoa n masmermnx HISTO-
`
`noa. B 1caqec'rBe rmasuemmx :->Mm"repoB B Texnmce nonyqelma MOIIIHHI
`
`nyrncox-3 oommo ncnoubayewca nyrolaon paspsm,
`
`Icoropun nomqam
`
`
`
`IIBFBXOIIOM H3 TJIGIIIIBPO, OJIEIBKO Irpn ROM JXBBJIBHKK, HBOOXOJIEKOM
`
`JUIH HOJIYQGHHH BJIBICTPOHHOPO HYWRH K GPO TPBHOHOPTHPOBICH, aaxeqb
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`TJISIIIIHH paapiuz HGBOEMOIHO,
`
`IIOBTOLU B I€8‘I8C'.l'Be
`
`BOHOMOPBTBJEHOPO
`
`KCIIOJILBYDT PBBPHA C BEMKHYTHM
`
`BJIGKTPOHOB, KOTOPHH aarem
`
`nepeaomrrca B nyronon [14,15]. Ilpempnmmamca nonnmn Henocpe,z:—
`
`cmennoro ncnoamsonanna Icowrparzponannoro paapana B crcpememmx
`
`ExH nomx B Kaqeclfie amwrepa enezcwponon.
`
`[I6] . Mcnomaaonanne
`
`rnnaauem-mx xa-ronoa H3 ocnone Hercoxrrparnponannoro pa.-apsma B Mar’-
`
`rmmou none nan B lmoczcon T811’. 11 B 1mJmH.n;pn<:ec1cot reouewpnn mm
`
`couamm nomocrm ynpannaemux Icomympymnx annapawon noalaommo
`
`COBJIETI: BeH'rmm cnocoonne Komaympoaarbmlm came I50 gm :1 H811-
`
`paxemm caume I00 KB, upxmem ocymecmnrb aannpamaemnpnoopa aa
`
`Bpeuena Menee 50 HO [17,18] .
`
`I-Ie,uoc'ra'n<oM 1cpocca'rp@i*=’aB‘.IuIe'rca
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`TOJIBKO OOJIBIIIOS =a300 B nanenne Harrpaxenna Ha paapsme,‘ oc$ecrretm- ~'
`
`V’ ”
`
`Banneu quymcunounpoaanne Imaauennoro Karena.
`
`llnaamy paapsma
`
`c
`
`nonepeqmm Marnnmrm nonem aqxbewrnano ncnonbaym ma noJxy<1enna
`
`nmencnnmm nomux nyuxon, Hanpmaep nymcon orpmareamnux nonoa
`
`Bonopona [I91
`
`Bamenmma npawmqeczcm upmxoxezmeu paapsmon B Mamwmom
`
`no.ne anaxaerca coananne Mamerponnnx one-reu pacnrmenna ma-reputa-
`
`JIOB, KOTOPHB ncnonsaymca NIH HEHGCGHEH TOHKOHJleHO‘IHHX IIOKPHTEK
`
`[20-1-2'7] .
`
`CBoitc'rBa paapsuxon B nonepeqnou M81"HE'1'HOM none.
`
`Gonnacno [28] B 0'1-cy'rc'rBm Marmmoro nous B aanncmocm or
`
`nanneana n BGJIBIHHH paapsumoro -1-one Boauoum qempe ycronqmaux
`
`mum paapana c xo.no.umm xca-1-ogxou: Teramm, nopuanbmm memnm,
`
`anomanbmm Manual 11 nyronon.
`
`ltnanaaon TOKOB mm Kaxmoro Bmxa
`
`
`
`Hanpmaep zum paapsma B Ne Mexmy IIJIOCICOIIBPEJIJIBJIBHHMH snemponamz
`npn nannemm =1
`-rop,
`coc'raB.nam' COOTBGTCTBBHHO I0'I0+IO'4 A,
`IO‘ +IO'I A,
`I0"I+IO A,
`>10 A. Kaqecmnennaa Bo.m='r-armepaaa
`
`IBPBKTGPHCTHKB P888118 lIpe,IICT8BJleH8 H8 PEG I.I. K CHJlI:>HO'1'O‘IHI:fld
`
`(popuau OTHOCSITOH
`
`anouanbmm memm! paapsm,
`
`aammanmm BOD‘
`
`uonepmocrb Karona H xapamepnaymmflca pacrymen Bo.nL'r—aMnepHofi
`
`xapaxrepncnmon (BAX) H nyroaon, npencrammnuun cocoa 1coH'rpam-
`
`poaaxmm paapsm T c
`
`nananuen Bo.nL'r—aMnepHofi
`
`xapazc-repncmncofi.
`
`Ocnolanofi Mexannsra nozmepxanns memero paapana a13.nae'rca nonma-
`
`Lma anempouama ynapou B 1ca'ro.n;HoM c.noe H s.ne1c'1'poHHaa amnccna c
`
`KBTOJI8, BHBHBBBMBH BTOPWHIOH HOE-BJIBKTPOHHOH BMHCCHBH H ®'1'OBQ-
`
`@I€TOM.
`
`IIBHIKGHHB aapsuzon B I{B'1‘O,lIHOM CJIOB TJIBIIIIBPO PBBPHJIB IIpOH.O-
`
`xo_zm'r B pexme nomammocm,
`
`rrpmzeu CKOPOCTI: mamcerma nonoa
`
`anaqnwenbno Memame cxopocm anexmpoaos, Onaronapa qemy B oonacm
`
`KBTOJIHOPO npocwpancwna Bosmncaew naowrormun no.nom-renbnun aapsm,
`
`Igoropnm ncxaacaew snewrprmecxoe none. B Ka-romofi ocmacm uanaer
`
`Oonbmaa ‘IBCTI: Haxrpaxemm paspana, Tamm oopaaom HOpM8JIbHI£l n
`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`nm (1.5 I0'I<p<8 Io‘I Top).
`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
`Ooaop HOHHHX HCTOQHHKOB Ha ocHoBe MaPHeTpOHHHX cncrem [48]
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`maarraaoa 1zaB.neHm coc'raB.nHe'r IO'4+5 IO"? TOp, Up=3OO B, Ip=O.I A
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`EXHI-
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`_I7_
`
`HO, qwo C pocwom MEPHHTHOPO Hons oonacwb Karonnoro Hanenna IE
`
`ymenbmaewcn. M3BecTHo, qwo In nma anomanbuoro Tnemmero paspsna
`
`ymenbmaerca c pocrom naaneuna, noewomy Momno cqnTaTb, qro nma
`
`cunLHoToqHoro pemnma cwaunouapnoro paapana ysennqeune MEPHMTHOPO
`
`nous
`
`sKBnBaneHTHo ysennqennm naanenna paooqero raaa. Haroxnoe
`
`nanenne nowenunana npn STOM Tamme YMGHLMEGTCH, Torna max anonnoe
`
`nanenne cnaoo pacwer c yeennqenne Br. Paamep upnanonnoro anon He
`
`3aBMcnT OT Br Msyqeune 3aBncMMocTefi Hanpsxennfi paspsna or Toma
`
`)
`
`“pap
`Hannqne
`
`[49]
`
`B oonacrn Oonbmnx
`
`TOKOB
`
`(cTaunoHapHHx) nomaaano
`
`pemumoa paspsna BonLT—aMnepHHe
`
`xapaxwepncwnnn
`
`(BAX)
`
`KOTOpHX npencTaBneHH Ha pnc. I.7 B oonacrn (pd) cooTBeTcTBymmefi
`
`MHnMyMy H upanofi BBTBH Kpnnofi Hamena. Ens Ar
`
`awe
`
`odnacmb
`
`npuaaznemnr nnanaaony naBneHnn 2 IO'1<P<2 Top. OCOOBHHDCTLE BTOH
`
`) HBHHBTCH TO, qwo KpyTn3Ha BAX dU/dI H Han-
`rpyunu KPMBHX Up(I
`paxenne
`ropenna paapana yuenbmaewca
`c yeennqenneu nonepeqnofl
`
`P
`
`cocwaanammen nmnyxunn MBPHHTHOPO nona. Bnnanne MarHnTHoro mama
`
`Ha xapaxwepncwnxn B amom cnyqae Taxoe me
`
`, EEK ouno oonapymeno B
`
`cncwemax 0 HOHHM Kawonom B MarHnTHoM none £52]. OTMeqeHo Taxme,
`
`.qTo c POCTOM Br Kpnwnqecxun TOK npu KOTOpOM paapan nepexonnw B
`
`nyry Bo3pacTaeT K, Hanpnmep, E a3oTe npu Br;I4O Po nyra He B03-
`
`HHKBGT BO BCBM nnanaaone nsmepaemnx TOKOB. B Tauom paspane pas-
`
`Bnsamwca Hnsxoqacwornue Koneoanns, xoropue B HeKoTopnx cnyqaax
`
`craonnnsnpywrca MBPHMTHHM nonem.
`
`Hpumepom cwaunonapnux KoM6nHnpoBaHHHx
`
`cncrem,
`
`aanamwca
`
`ycTpoficTBa [53], coqewammne paspan B nonepeqnom MarHnTHoM none 0
`
`paxpanom B nonom Karone. Bonbman nmowaocwb TOK8 nocTnraeTca npn
`
`naanennax paooqero raaa coowaercaymmmx 9¢@eKTy nnnoro Karena.
`
`BOBMOIKHOCTI: nonyqexma CIUIbHOTO’~IHH.X QOPM CTBUJIOHBPHOPO PEBPHJIB I
`
`
`
`_ 18 _
`
`npn yonoBnu coxpanenna nocwaroqno BHCOKOPO Hanpnxenufi
`
`ropenna
`
`(=800+7OO B) dune nccnenoBaHa B yCTpOflCTBe
`
`c npo¢MnnpoBaHHHMu
`
`HOMHM Bnemwponamm, n0MemeHHHMM B MaPHnTHoe none 0 Konmmrypauuen
`
`THEE
`
`"Anwunpooxowpon". Hpommnb
`
`3HeKTpOflOB coBnaAan c
`
`cnnosofi
`
`nmnnefi MarHnTHoro noun, qTo oOecneqMBano Baanmnym HepneHxnKynHp—
`
`HOCTB anexrpnqecxoro H MBPHHTHOPO none Bonnsn nx noBepxHocTen.
`
`Ycn0Bne nepnennnnyxapnocrn nonefi Boflnsn Been HDBSPXHOOTH KBTOAB
`
`npnBonnT K oonerqeunm npodos H yBennqeHnm TOK8 paspana. Paooqnm
`
`ra3oM flBflfiflGfi apron. Hpn naBneHMHx =O.I+ITop Ounn nonyqenn CMflb—
`
`HOTOQHHB
`
`cTaunoHapHHe
`
`pemnmu paapana,
`
`xapamwepnownnn KOTOPHX
`
`ananornunn nonyqennum B yCTpOfiCTBe
`
`c AMBKOBHM anexwponam,
`
`npnqem npn Toxax. npeBHmammnx IA, paapan Oonee ycTofiqnB, qem B
`
`ycTpoficTBe 0 nnocxnmm euexwponam. Hpn nccnenoBaHnn BaBncnMocruB
`
`TOK8 paspana OT naBneHnH ouno oonapymeao cymecTBoBaHne eme onHo-
`
`ro cnnBHoToqHoro pemnma npn HKBKHX naBneHMax. C ymenbmennem naB—
`
`nenna no IO'3 Top B Ar Haoxmnanocb anomanbnoe Bospacmanne TOKE
`
`paspana oes nepexona B nyroBon pemnm. Paapan npu STOM ROHueHTpH-
`
`poBanca B uefiwpe cncTeM H TOR paapana nocwnran 2 A.
`
`Heodxonnmocrb noBHmeHna Momnocmn paapana H noBumeHna nnoT—
`
`HOCTK nnaamu noTpeooBano npnmenenna nmnynbcnoro nan KBa3ncTauno—
`
`HBPHOPO pemnma. Bxcnepnmenwu, npoBeneHHue Ana Marnewponnux onc-
`
`Tem paannqnofi reomewpun, noxaaann, QTO cymecTBymT pemnmu pasps—
`
`noa, He nepexonamne B nyry npm Buaqnwenbnux Benqnnax TOKOB. B
`
`cBepxnnoTHoM Tnemmem paapane,
`
`nonyqennom B
`
`ycTpofioTBe Tuna
`
`"odpamennun Marnewpou" Koaxcnanbnon
`
`unxnnnpnqecxon Peomewpun
`
`nocwnrnyw paspsnnnn TOR I 270 A Hpn U 2400 B,
`P
`P
`
`nnnTenBHooTBm
`
`nmnynboa THM=6O Mc. HJOTHOCTB nnasmn npn BTOM COCTaBflHeT
`12121012’ cM‘3 [541 .
`
`
`
`-19-
`
`HOHHTKQ nonyqenna onnoponnon nnasmu c nnoTHocTbm =IOI3+IOI4
`
`CM-3 c OTPHBOM anexwpoanon M nofinofi Temnepawyp c nomombm nMuynu>
`HOPO cnnbnowoqnoro paapana Tnna Hennfiaacxoro [55,56] nouaaana
`
`BOEMOEHOCTB ooananna B TBKOM paapaxe nnaamennoro cwonoa c unem-
`HOCTBK) ni=5 I014‘ CM—3.
`BKCHBPKMBHTH npoaonnnncb Ha YCTBHOBKE
`
`"MHAP", npencwaanammym cooon nae ynanennux Ha paccwoanne 2.4 M
`
`Karena, pacnonomennnx B npodxax MEPHKTHOPO nona npooxomzpona. B
`
`uenwpe cncrem pacnoaomen xonbueaon anon. Paooqnm raaom asnaemca
`
`Bonopon npn naanefinn I0‘1+IO'4 TOP, Haqanbnoe Hanpamenne 60 KB
`
`[55] H 20 KB [56], Hanpzmennocrb MBPHHTHOPO Hons 25 KPC H I2 KPC
`
`COOTBBTCTBBHHO. Ton paapana nmen Honecawenbnnn xapaxrep 0 aMnn—
`
`Tynamn 60 M 20 RA M BpeMeHeM nonmoro aawyxauna 80 u 70 MMC.
`
`ycnoana paspana ooecneqnnann nonnaaunonnym nmmny npoéera 3fleKrT
`
`TPOHE
`
`snaqnrenbno Mennmym,
`
`qem nnnna paspannoro npomemywxa.
`
`nnarHocTnRa OCYmeCTBflflfl80b naaepnum Meronamm, c nouombm naonnux
`
`aonnoa K no noroxy HeflTp8flOB. B pesynbwame nonyqena Maxcnmanbaas
`nonnaa HJOTHOCTB no n£=7 I015 cM"3, onnaxo snexmpounaa TeMnepa—
`
`Type B STOM cnyqae He npeaumana 1.3 9B.
`
`Yaennqenne paapannoro TOKE
`
`EHBHBEBT nepexon anomanbnoro
`
`Tnemmero paapana B nyroaon, onnano Hannqne Heonuopoznoro smear-
`
`pnqecxoro noun, co3naBaeMoro nonum Karonou, Tax me KER u Hannqne
`
`nonepeqnoro MEPHHTHOFO noun, noanonaer nonyqnwb
`
`cunbaowoqnym
`
`Oesnyroaym qnpmy,
`
`TBK Haauaaeuun OBepXHflOTHHfl paapsn [57+60].
`
`Caepxnnornun paapan nccnenonanca npn naanennm 5 I0’ +1 TOP B
`
`nunynbcnom pexnme npn TOKEX no 2 EA n nmnwenbnocwn nynbca 50
`
`MC. Yxasannnn paspan xapamrepnayewca anaqnrenbuo Gonbmefi qem B
`anomanbnom Tnemmem paspane nmownocwbm TOK8 =50 A/CM2, Hanpsme—
`
`Hnem ropenna 300+7OO B, axcnanbnon cumerpnen csewzmeroca KOflb-
`
`
`
`ueaoro cnoa Ha Karone. Msmepenna pacnpenenenna HJOTHOCTM nonnoro
`
`TOK3 Ha noaepxnocwn Kawona [591 noxasann, qwo ocnoanaz nous Toma
`
`npnxonnwca Ha unmnnpmqecxym HOBSPXHOCTB HOHOCTH Ramona. Memny
`
`nnocxnm enexrponam nepexon Taemmero paapfina B CBepXHflOTHHfi He
`
`Haonmnaewca.
`
`Hpencwasnsew nHTepec cnocoo nonyqenna cnnbnowoqnux pa3pa—
`
`non,
`
`zsamnoqaxouumca B HEJIOIKGI-MM Ha npem-3apnTem:.Ho normaoaamnm
`
`raa B paspanaom npouexywxe nmnynbca BHOOKOPO Hanpsxenna (61,621
`
`MccnenoBaHMe peanunn cnaOoToqHoro (0.5 A) craunonapnoro Tnemmero
`
`paspana c cexunonnposannum nomum Kawonom [623 B aprone npn nae-
`neunn p=IO' +IO’I Top Ha nwnynbc BHCOKOPO Hanpamenua, nepeBona—
`
`mun paapan B CHALHOTOQHHH (no 200 A) Kaasncraunofiapnun pemnm
`
`nomasano, qwo npn npeaumennn noporoaon amnnnryxu (2 3 RB) 330nm-
`
`IIBIOTCH 8HOM8JIbHHe PQIKPIMH C PH-ITQHCPIBHHMII
`
`I€OJlB('581-IVIHMH
`
`TOKB M H8I'I-
`
`’
`
`pamenna.
`CnnbHoToqHaa mopma
`B
`Hnmnem nnanaaone
`naaxennn
`p=I0' +IO'2 Top ycTaHaBnBaeTca numb npn 8HOM8flbHHX pemnmax,
`
`CBFISHBBGMHX. BBTOPOM C BBPHBHHMPI HBJIBHPIHMH H8 KBTOJIB.
`
`OCOOHH FIHTBPBC npe,z:0'raB.na1o'r HCCJIGJIOBEHYIH CKJIBHOTOTHHX PI,
`
`BHcoKoBonbTHHx paenosnnnocwen Knasncmaunonapnoro paspzna B one-
`
`Temax c 38MMHyTHM H Heaammnywnm npenmom anenmponoa B HeonHopon—
`
`Hux ExH nonax [68+66]. Ha pnc. I.8 npencrannena BonbT—aMnepHue
`
`xapaxrepncwnxn cnnbnowoqnoro pexnma, oonapymennorgfi KO8ECflaflbHOM
`
`ycrponcwae (3 3aMHyTHM nyenmom [68].
`
`3KcnepnMeHTanbHHe KPHBHQ
`
`ynanocb nocTaToqHo xopomo OHHCETL ncxona n3 npennonomeana
`
`o
`
`cymecTBoBaHnn oeccTonKHoBnTenbHoro Kawonnoro cnoa.
`
`Mccnenonanna,
`
`cBa3aHHe
`
`c
`
`coanannem MHmeKTopoB Ana
`
`THY
`
`[64+66], noxaaann, qTo B ycTponcTBax c Heonnoponnumn axonanbno
`
`CMMMeTpPI‘IHHIflrI MEI’!-IHTHHM H BJIGKTPHQBCKHM IIOJIHME ynaewcs IIOJIy‘l8TI:>
`
`
`
`Momnue
`
`(=IMBT) Bucouoeonbwnne n cnnbnowoqune nmnynbcnue paepanu,
`
`xowopue nepexonsw B nyry npn enaqnwenbnnx Benqnnax TORB. Paapan
`
`aamnranca Memny nnocxonapannenbnumm enexwponamm B nouepeqaou,
`
`cnnbnoneonnoponnom MEPHKTHOM none unmnnnpnqecxoro eneKTpoMar—
`
`HHT8, pacnonoxeunoro ea Hamonom (nmocxnfi MaPHeTpOH). MccnenoBa-
`
`nun npoeonnnneb B nmnynbcnom pemnme. Bpemeanue xapanwepncwnxn
`
`nmnynbcoe MBPHHTHOPO nous n Toma paspana nononpauncb Tan, qmoou
`
`Bpemena nemenenna Hanpamenna ropenna paepana Oman enaqnrenbno
`
`oonbme Bpemenn uonneaunn H nenonneaunn aapamennux qacwnu B pas-
`
`panuom npomemywxe. Cnnbaomoqnun paspan nccnenoeanca B xnaneaone
`
`TOKOB ow 5 A no 2 HA Ana paennqnux naenennn p=5 IO"3+5 I0'2 TOP
`
`nan raeoa Ar, N2, H2. Hmrenbuocrb nmnynbca TOK8 npn ewom He
`
`npeeumana I00 MC. Tnnnqnue Boner-amepuue Kap8KTepMCTHKK.pa3p3—
`
`na npencwaemenu Ha pnc.I.9a Xapaxwep eaancnmoown Up(Ip)onnHaxoB
`ans paannqnux napamewpoe p, d, BO H pone raaa. Cnaqana c pocmom
`TOKB 110 HBKOTOPOPO Kpnmqecrcoro enatzexma
`IKp=5O A Haxrpmxerme
`P
`
`Ip>I§P Hanpame—
`MOHOTOHHO yeennqnnaerca H8 50+IOO B, 3aTeM npn
`Hne paapnna npaxmnqecnn He aaancnw OT TOKB BHMOTL no 2 RA n cox-
`
`panaew HOCTOHHHyw Bennqnny 300+5OO B, KoTopaa cymecTBeHHo 3aBn-
`
`our OT MBPHHTHOPO HOME H pone raaa. Ymenbmenne Bennqnnu nnnynunn
`
`MBPHHTHOPO nona npn aanannom Tone I
`
`BHBHBEBT npaxwnqecmn anaem-
`
`P
`
`Hoe yeenqenne Hanpaxenna Ha paepane U
`
`P‘
`
`Haxnon npnmon U (B)
`P
`
`coxpanaewca Ana paannquux nanneunfi, HO yMeHLmaeTca npn nepexoae
`OT Ar E H2. Benmqnna Igp npaxwnqecmn He saancnw or MBPHMTHOPO
`none. OTMBTHM, qro B Ar cnnbnowoqnun paepan ropnr npn 3HaqnTenb—
`
`HO Gonbmnx Hanpsmennsx qeM B N2 n H .
`
`OTcyTcTBne 3aBncnMocTn paapannoro Hanpamenna om TOK8 HaOnm-
`
`JIBBTCH TBICIKQ B MOIIIHI.-IX YCKOPHTBJIHX. C BEMKHYTHM XOJIJIOBCKHM TOKOM
`
`
`
`_22_
`
`[67,68]. ¢oTorpa@MpoBaHne paapana noxasuaaew,
`
`qwo on 3aHMMaeT
`
`xonbuesym oonacwb c ymenbmamnmca caeqennem OT Karena K anony.
`
`Ha qnne nmdqwafio PBBMHTOPO cBeqeHna nMeeTcH Hpxoe onmoponnoe
`
`Konbuo, qro cannewenbcwayew 06 oTcyTcTBxu xonwpaxunn paspzna.
`
`Mamepezme pacnpenenerma zconuenwpamm KOHOB
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