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`Iblctlolnry
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` Cplmnlter
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`Third Edition
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`PUBLISHED BY
`Microsoft Press
`
`A Division of Microsoft Corporation
`One Microsoft Way
`Redmond. Washington 98052—6399
`
`Copyright © 1997 by Microsoft Corporation
`
`All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted
`in any form or by any means without the written permission of the publisher.
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publicalion Data
`Microsoft Press Computer Dictionary. -- 3rd ed.
`p.
`cm.
`ISBN 1—57231-446-X
`
`I. Computers—-Dictionaries.
`I. Microsoft Press.
`
`2. Microcomputers——Dictionaries.
`
`QA76. [5.M54 1997
`004‘.O3--dc2l
`
`97—15489
`CIP
`
`Printed and bound in the United States of America.
`
`23456789 QMQM 210987
`
`Distributed to the book trade in Canada by Macmillan of Canada. a division of Canada Publishing
`Corporation.
`
`A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
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`Microsoft Press books are available through booksellers and distributors worldwide. For further
`information about international editions. contact your local Microsoft Corporation office. Or contact
`Microsoft Press International directly at fax (425) 936—?329.
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`Macintosh. Power Macintosh. QuickTime. and TrueType are registered trademarks of Apple Computer.
`Inc. intei is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation. Directlnpul. DirectX. Microsoft. Microsoft
`Press. MS—DOS. Visual Basic. Visual C++, Win32. WinSZs. Windows. Windows NT. and XENIX are
`registered trademarks and ActiveMovie. ActiveX. and Visual J++ are trademarks of Microsoft
`Corporation. Java is a trademark of Sun Microsystems. Inc. Other product and company names
`mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners.
`
`Acquisitions Editor: Kim Fryer
`Project Editor: Maureen Williams Zimmerman. Anne Taussig
`Technical Editors: Dail Magee Jr.. Gary Nelson. Jean Ross. Jim Fuchs. John Conrow. Kurt Meyer.
`Robert Lyon. Roslyn Lutsch
`
`

`

`
`
`magnetic oxide
`
`mail reflector
`
`
`
`
`
`the ink. Once the shapes have been determined.
`character recognition methods are used to trans—
`late the shapes into computer text. A familiar use
`of this form of character recognition is to identify
`bank checks. Acronym.- MltZR tmi'kar. M‘l—{j—R‘).
`See also character recognition. compare optical
`character recognition.
`magnetic oxide \mag-net‘ik oks'id\
`oxide.
`
`it. See ferric
`
`A
`rt.
`star'aj\
`magnetic storage \mag-net‘ ik
`generic term for non-internal—memoiy computer
`data storage involving a magnetic medium. such
`as disk or tape.
`magnetic tape \mag-net‘ ik tip'\ it. Seetztpe (defi-
`nition 1).
`
`\mag—ne‘to-op-ta—
`magneto-optical recording
`it. A type of record-
`kal ra—kor’déng. mag-net‘o—\
`ing technology used with optical discs in which a
`laser beam heats a Small portion of the magnetic
`material covering the disc. The heating enables a
`weak magnetic field to change the orientation of
`the portion.
`thus recording onto the disc. This
`technique can also be used to erase the disc. ma k—
`ing the disc rcwritable.
`magneto—optic disc \mag—né‘to—op—tik disk '. mag—
`netTJ—\
`it. An erasable or semi—erasable storage
`disc. similar to a (ID-ROM disc and of very high
`capacity. in which a laser beam is used Io heat the
`recording surface to a point at which tiny regions
`on the surface can be magnetically aligned to store
`bits of data. See also (ID—ROM. magneto—optical
`recording.
`magnitude \Ittztg'iia-trfidW rt. The size of a num—
`ber. regardless of its sign (+ or —). For example, 16
`and —l() have the same triagnitude. See also abso—
`lute value.
`
`\mal'bom\ n. An excessively large
`mailbombl
`amount of e-mail data ta very large number of
`messages or one very large message) sent
`to a
`user‘s e—mail address in an attempt to make the
`user‘s mailer program crash or to prevent the user
`from receiving further
`legitimate messages. See
`also eanail] (definition 1). Compare letterbomb.
`mailbornb'J \mal'bom\ t'b. To send a mailbomb to
`
`a user. One person might itiaill-nomb a user with a
`single enormous message; a large number of users
`might mailbt'nnl) an unpopular person by simulta~
`neously sending messages of normal size.
`
`it. A program that automatically
`mailbot \mfll 'bot‘.
`responds to e—mail Itlesszlges or performs actions
`based on commands within the messages. A mail—
`ing list manager is one example. See also mailing
`list manager.
`rr. A disk storage area as—
`mailbox \mal’boks\
`signed to a network user for receipt ofe—mail mes—
`sages. See also e-mail1 (definition 1).
`mail digest \mftl‘ di'jest\
`it. See digest
`tion 3).
`
`(defini-
`
`mailer-daemon \me't'lar—dE‘mam it. A program
`used to transport e-mail between hosts on a net-
`work. See also daemon.
`it. See e—mail filter.
`mail filter \mt'tl' fil‘tar\
`mail header \mftl' hed'ar\
`it. A block of text at
`
`the top of an e-mail message containing such
`information as the addresses of the sender and
`
`recipientts). the date and time sent. the address to
`which a reply is to be sent. and the subiect. The
`mail header is used by an e—maii client or program.
`Seriaiso e-mail1 (definition 1).
`
`it. A list of names and
`mailing list \Ina'lEng list‘\
`e—mail addresses that are grouped under a single
`name. When a user places the name of the mailing
`list in a mail client‘s To: field. the client sends the
`
`message to the machine where the mailing list
`resides, and that machin - automatically sends the
`message to all the addresses on the list (possibly
`allowing a moderator to edit it first). See also LIST—
`SIERV. mailing list manager. Majordomo. moderator.
`mailing list manager \ma'lEng list man‘s-iafl
`it.
`Software that maintains an Internet or intranet mail—
`ing list. The mailing list manager accepts meSsages
`posted by subscribers; sends copies of the mes—
`sages t'which may be edited by a moderator) to all
`the subscribers; anti accepts and processes user
`requests. such as to subscribe or to unsubscribe to
`the mailing list. The most commonly used mailing
`list managers are LISTSERV and li-‘lajt'irdomo. See
`also LISTSERV. mailing list. Majortlomo. mmierator.
`mail merge \mal' marj\ H. A mass-mail
`facility
`that takes names, addresses. and sometimes peni-
`nent facts about recipients and merges the infor-
`mation into a form letter or another such basic
`document.
`mail reflector \rnal’ ra-ftek‘tad a. A newsgroup
`that consists simply of the messages posted to a
`mailing list translated into newsgroup format.
`
`
`
`
`
`