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`EXHIBIT 1018
`
`
`EXHIBIT 1018
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`
`

`

`PROVISIONAL APPLICATION COVER SHEET
`
`This Is a request for fIIIng a PROVISIONAL APPLICATION under 37 CFR 1.53Ib)(2).
`
`i
`
`% \PRCEV/
`
`Assistant Commissioner for Patents
`Washington, DC. 20231
`
`Docket Number 12727
`
`Type a plus sign (+)
`inside this box -
`
`+
`
`
`
`INVENTORIS)/APPLICANT(SI
`
`
`
`
`LAST NAME
`
`FIRST NAME
`
`MIDDLE INITIAL
`
`RESIDENCE (CITY AND EITHER STATE OR FOREIGN COUNTRY)
`
`.Ld
`
`Amir
`IIan
`
`52 Schlomo Hamelech Str., Tel Aviv 64386, Israel
`29A Kadima Str., Haifa 34383, Israel
`
`TITLE OF THE INVENTION (250 characters maxi
`
`David A. Farah, M.D.
`Sheldon & Mak
`225 South Lake Avenue, 9th Floor,
`Pasadena
`
`CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
`
`ENCLOSED APPLICATION PARTS (check all that apply)
`
`Number of Pages
`' pecification
`nciuding Drawings)
`
`
`rawingIs)
`
`Number of Pages
`
`D Small Entity Statement
`
`D Other (specify)
`
`METHOD OF PAYMENT (check one)
`
`redit Depostt Account No. 19-2090
`
`check or money order is enclosed to cover the Provisronal filing fees
`
`he Commissioner is hereby authorized to charge filing fees and
`
`PROVISIONAL FILING
`FEE AMOUNTIS)
`
`$150.00
`
`The invention was made by an agency of the United States Government or under a contract With an agency of the United States Government.
`
`E No
`
`I]
`
`Yes, the name of the US. Government agency and the Government contract number are:
`
`
`
`Respectfully submitted,
`
`SIGNATURE:
`
`6‘
`
`«A AA Mg
`
`Date % I Z-t IT ‘I GI
`
`I TYPED or PRINTED NAME
`
`
`DAVID A. FARAH M.D.
`REGISTRATION NO.
`38 134
`(If appropriate)
`
`.
`
`[I Additional inventors are being named on separately numbered sheets attached hereto
`
`PROVISIONAL APPLICATION FILING ONLY
`
`

`

`1/15
`
`Delivery and distribution of Power in addition to the data communication over the
`Local/Wide Area Network infrastructure
`
`
`
`1. Concept Description
`
`Today’s Ethernet Local and VWde Area Network (LANNVAN) infrastructure use to carry and distribute high bitrate data
`communication signals between devices. Network elements,
`including hubs,
`switches,
`bridges,
`routers,
`interconnections. a variety of devices equipped with network interface cards (NIC), data servers, desktop PCs,
`portable PCs and other network terminals consume power in order to operate. The power these devices may be
`supplied by either an internal or external batteries or by AC power network outlets.
`
`The innovative idea of the PowerDsineTM Power over LAN solution, which is described in this document, is to deliver
`and distribute power in addition to data communication to the network elements over the LAN data communication
`network within a business building or a campus.
`
`The motivating factors for consolidating power and data communication over a single network are to a) simplify and
`reduce the cost of installations and b) to provide uninterrupted power to critical devices in the event of main building
`power failure.
`
`Network installations may be simplified and less costly by reducing the number of required power cables, power
`outlets and AC power supplies and by the ability to position network devices in places where AC main power is
`unavailable.
`
`The cost of providing power back up to all critical network devices and terminals may be significantly reduced by
`distributing uninterrupted power from a few points via the LAN versus connecting each one of those critical devices to
`a dedicated UPS. The assumption is that only a few network switches, routers and hubs will be connected to
`uninterrupted power sources and the rest of the network critical devices will be receiving their operating power via the
`LAN.
`
`Other benefits of Power over LAN includes reducing the safety requirements and cost of terminal equipment which
`may be fed from low safe voltage, now available on the LAN rather than including an internal 110/220VAC power
`supply.
`In the case of IP Telephony, Power over LAN allows providing uninterrupted power to lP telephones in a
`similar fashion to the ordinary analog telephony network (PSTN) which are in use today.
`
`This article describes methods for delivering and managing power over LAN networks, which were primarily designed
`for digital communication. Attention is given to reduce any possible disturbances to the data communication and to
`maintain compatibility with the IEEE Std 802.3 and other relevant standards.
`
`There are in use today other systems that use a single cable connection to deliver both communication and energy.
`The Public Service Telephone Network (PSTN), ISDN and HDSL communication devices and devices that transmit
`data over the public or private power networks are a few examples. The differences between these systems and
`applications the one that will be described in this document, is as follows:
`
`0 Power over LAN deals with high bandwidth data communication networks (1OMb/s, 100Mb/s and 1000Mb/s)
`which are neutrally more susceptible to noise, network bandwidth and channels crosstalk.
`. The LAN medium was designed and burit to carry data communication signals. Practically, this means that unlike
`superimposing low energy level data communication signals over networks for power. the cables, connections,
`line interface circuitry and terminal devices were not designed to handle high power. Hence, the power, which will
`be delivered on the LAN, must be used efficiently and be directed to critical network elements.
`
`

`

`2/15
`
`
`
`o Mixed point-to-point and Point-to-multi point (star) network architecture (vs. just point-to-point). This network
`architecture requires addressing subjects such as fault protection and management in order to prevent scenarios
`where a single faulty point might effect the whole network area.
`0 The network in this case should comply with the lEEE Std 802.3x standards.
`0 Power over LAN deals with distributed power over a variety of network hierarchy levels.
`network nodes bypassing and a power networking management mechanism.
`0 The LAN lEEE Std 802.3 line interface circuitry is unique compared to the types which are used in other
`combined power and communication applications (such as PSTN and HDSL).
`- LAN infrastructure limits the cable lengths to only a few hundred meters in comparison to a few kilometers in
`PSTN and HDSL communication. Therefore different
`remote power
`feeding methods which are more
`cost-effective for shorter reach may be employed.
`- A Power over LAN network must support and not harm also devices that were not designed to accept power from
`the data network.
`
`Including optional
`
`The Power over the LAN may be delivered as DC or low frequency AC voltages that will not interfere with the data
`communication signals. The power voltages over the LAN cables must be kept below 120Vpeak and the current must
`be limited in order to maintain compatibility with the UL60950 and the EN60950 safety standards.
`
`The power over the data cable may be transferred by the spare Category 5 wire pairs (one or two pairs) or by the
`receive and transmit wire pairs (either one or both pairs) by using different connection methods (see Figures 3-7).
`
`2. The Need
`
`Today, each data network device which is not self energized (includes a battery, for example) requires a power
`connection in addition to the network connection. This fact complicates and increases the cost of installation and limits
`the positioning of network devices to where power and data network connections are available. In fact,
`it requires
`building and maintaining two separate networks that are connected to each such device, one for data communication
`and the other for power distribution. In addition, for the network devices to be able to work during building main power
`failures, each network device must either include an internal battery or must be connected to a dedicated
`uninterrupted power source (UPS). In some applications, such as in lP (or LAN) telephones the number of network
`devices, which should operate during building power outage, may be very high.
`
`The PowerDsineTM Power over LAN eliminates the need of each network device. which do not operates of a battery,
`to be connected to a power outlet in addition to it’s network connection. This significantly reduces the number of
`cables, outlets and connections and thereby simplifies the installation and provides a cost-effective means for
`providing an uninterrupted power to multiple network devices.
`
`Keeping in mind the fact that the network infrastructure was primarily designed and optimized to carry high bandwidth,
`low power data communication signals. The lEEE Std 802.3 standard requires that the electrical charges over the
`transmitting cable will be isolated and balanced in reference to the earth ground at both ends. Category 3 to 5 LAN
`cables, RJ45 connectors, the line interface of network consuming devises and all IEEE Std 802.3 compatible devices
`along the network were not designed to carry power which is sufficient to operate most network devices. Therefore,
`using the LAN infrastructure to simultaneously distribute data communication and power is not obvious and requires a
`solution which addresses the following challenges:
`
`. Power distribution should not increase the network bit error rate (BER) or disturb the data communication in any
`way.
`
`. Power on the network should not introduce risk users and network maintenance personnel.
`. Power over the LAN should not harm standard LAN equipment, which does not receive its power from the data
`network.
`
`0 The addition of power over the data network should not degrade the network’s reliability.
`
`

`

`3/15
`
`LANNVAN
`Backbone
`
`
`LAN Switch
`
`ups
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
`
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`
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`
`lnteg rated Power over LAN
`
`
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`Hub
`LAN Hub
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`
`
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`
`
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`
`
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`
`External Power over
`
`
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`
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`
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`With integrated
`Power/Data Splitter
`
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`e ep one
`
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`
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`
`
`
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`
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`
`Figure 1 — Power over LAN Typical network installation
`
`3. Application
`Typical applications of network systems which utilize Power over LAN may include lP or LAN Telephony, digital video
`conferencing equipment, portable computers and network printers. Security alarm devices connected to the network,
`remotely controlled Smart Home devices and other similar applications. All network managing devices including hubs,
`routers, bridges, switches may receive their operating power from the data communication network.
`The possible applications of Power over LAN are only limited by the amount of power that may be delivered through
`the LAN network without making it dangerous to use or not cost attractive.
`
`

`

`4/15
`
`
`
`4. Hardware Description
`The PowerDsine Power over LAN concept includes systems and subsystems that may be integrated in at any
`network level, from the network terminal end through the nabs and the network backbone switches. The Power over
`LAN technology, which is described herein may be either externally added to an ordinary LAN installation or
`integrated into the network active elements, such as hub, bridges, routers and switches.
`
`4.1 External Add-On Solution
`
`Where the Power over LAN feature is added externally, a Power over LAN 10/1 OOBaseT distribution device (source)
`is connected to a standard LAN hub (with the same number of channels) next to it (refer to Figure 1 — unit 1). A
`power/data separation unit (sink) is connected between the LAN wall outlet and the terminal device next to the
`terminal (refer to Figure 1 — unit 2). The Power over LAN 1GBaseT or tooBaseT distribution unit injects the DC or AC
`power to each LAN channel. This unit contains the following functional blocks: a main power supply unit and a Filter
`Block, a Protection Block, and a Control and Telemetry Block per channel.
`. The Main Power Supply provides the energy needed to operate the unit itself and provides the total energy is
`required to remotely powered network devices. The Main Power Supply may be designed to support the
`maximum worst case energy per channel multiplied by the number of channels, or it may be designed to support
`a lesser power assuming some prediction of channels utilization.
`o The Filter Block allows the high frequency communication signal to pass uninterrupted from input to output and
`prevents from the power supply low output impedance from attenuating the communication signal. The Filter
`Block also prevents from the communication from one channel from leaking into another (crosstalk) though the
`common power supply unit.
`0 The Protection Block limits the power available to each channel according to a predetermined level. This level
`may be fixed or controlled online depending on the product and the setup. The Protection Block will disconnect a
`shorted or otherwise faulty port such that it does not effect other operational channels.
`. The Control and Telemetry Block allows online modification (on/off and level setting) of the power which is
`distributed to each channel, reports on the power which is consumed and failures of each channel and the entire
`unit.
`
`The power/data separation unit, which connects between the 10/1OOBaseT wall outlet and the terminal device (lP
`Telephone or other) contains a Filter Block which allows the communication to flow uninterrupted and extract the
`power from the LAN. The extracted power may thus be internally converted by DC/DC in order to meet the specific
`terminal requirements.
`
`Both Power over LAN 10/1OOBaseT distribution devices and the power/data separation unit’s feature input to output
`voltage isolation.
`
`4.2 Integrated Solution
`The Integrated Solution integrates the previously described Power over LAN 10/1OOBaseT distribution device into the
`Ethernet hub (refer to Figure 1 - unit 3). The hub internal power supply is than modified to supports both the normal
`hubs operation and the remote power feeding features. Each of the hub’s ports is modified to include a power/data
`separating filters and a protection device. The power/data separation unit is integrated into the terminal and replaces
`the standard LAN interface and connects to the internal power supply (refer to Figure 1 —- unit 4). This integrated
`solution reduces the overall system cost, space and complexity, however require some design work.
`
`4.2 Mixed Add-on, Integrated Solution
`The Mixed Solution contains an integrated Power over LAN capability in the 10/1OOBaseT hub and an external
`power/data separation unit next to the LAN terminal unit.
`
`

`

`5/15
`
`4.3 Power over LAN systems and Subsystems Description
`Refer to Figure 1
`
`1 — External Power over LAN distribution unit — connects in series to an ordinary LAN hub. This unit is equipped with
`same number of LAN inputs and outputs. The unchanged data is bi—directionally transferred from each channel input
`to output. The power is then injected into each LAN output. The output power allocated to each output may be set
`independently. Each output is self-protected against overload and short circuit.
`Optional Port A and Port B are input/output LAN ports. During normal operation Ports A and B are bridged together.
`When the feeding LAN hub does not work, because of a main building power failure, the Power over LAN source unit
`disconnects A from B and directs the data communication from the A port directly to a single or a few output ports.
`This will maintain both data and power continuity in the event that the feeding hub is not operational.
`
`2 — External Power/Data Splitter — this unit accepts a LAN channel at its input which carries data and power over the
`same cable wires and separates the two types of signals into two separate cable connections. The first cable
`connection acts as a standard LAN channel dedicated for data communication. The second cable connection drives
`power loads with the extracted power from the input. The input to output voltage isolation features contains a
`switching power supply for AD/DC or DC/DC high efficiency voltage conversion. The input voltage may be converted
`to other single or multiple voltage levels in order to meet specific application requirements.
`
`3 — Power over LAN hub — this device integrates the functionality of the External Power over LAN distribution unit into
`an ordinary LAN hub. The Power over LAN hub in Figure 1 — indicated as 3A also accepts its normal/backup power
`from another Power over LAN unit.
`
`4 — Power over LAN Terminal Unit — this terminal device (lP telephone, for example) integrates the Power/Data
`Splitter.
`
`
`
`

`

`6/16
`
`4.4 Power over LAN Internal System Description
`
`4.4.1 Source Functional Blocks
`
`Data Channel
`
`10I1OOBaseT RJ45 Connector
`.
`
`.
`
`D TA
`Line lnte
`co Block
`g
`
`“
`
`DATA + POWER
`
`10/1OOBaseT RJ45 Connector
`
`Data «13 Power Channel
`to network terminal (I? Telephone or such)
`
`
`
`LAN RJ45
`
`Parallel
`—lllllllllllllll
`
`Control & Telemetry
`
`Filter
`Block
`
`Protection
`Black
`
`AC Main
`input or
`power from
`another
`Power over
`LAN unit
`
`Power
`Supply
`This
`Power
`Supply
`may be
`used for
`multiple
`channels
`
`Figure 2 — Source Unit Functional Block Diagram
`
`The Source Unit (integrated or external add-on Power over LAN 10/1 OO/1000BaseT distribution device) accepts
`power from the ordinary building main AC, an Uninterrupted Power Source (UPS) or from another Power over LAN
`output and distributes it to the network devrces. The output of the Source Unit may be a single or multiple Ethernet
`LAN channel which carries data communication signals, power signals or both data and power simultaneously. The
`Source Unit design employs filters, power topologies and circuit
`layout that minimize disturbances to the data
`communication.
`In order to minimize the overall unit's power consumption, dimensions and dissipated heat, a high
`efficiency design solution is employed. This is essential
`in order to maintain compatibility with standard LAN
`infrastructure (i.e. stackable hub cabinets, network equipment rack mounts mechanical and electrical structure and
`LAN cables and connectors).
`
`4.4.1.1 Source Filter Block
`
`(Refer to Figure 2)
`The Source Filter Block residing on each data communication channel port provides the following functions:
`0 Filtering of the switching power supply high frequency ripple and noise;
`0 Power supply high output impedance at high frequencies;
`.
`injection of the power signal onto the data communication cable.
`
`
`
`

`

`7/15
`
`4.4.1.2 Line Protection Block
`
`(Refer to Figure 2)
`A dedicated Line Protection Block on each data communication channel port provides the following functions:
`. Current sensing for each wire pair, which may be on the positive wire, negative wire or on both;
`0 Minimum and maximum current threshold reference levels (fixed or controlled);
`0 No-Load, Overload indications which are based on a values comparison with the maximum/minimum current
`threshold levels;
`Unbalanced or current leakage indications;
`Power disconnecting and reconnecting circuitry;
`0 Control and telemetry communication to the system control (internal or external to the Block).
`
`4.4.1.3 Line Interface Unit
`
`(Refer to Figure 2)
`Figures 3-7 illustrate variety of power interface methods to a LAN channel. These conceptual circuits may be added
`onto the data communication cable link between any two network points, or replace the internal line interface of any
`network element. The Line Interface Block provides a High Pass filtering for undisturbed bi-directional transport of the
`data communication from the DATA to the DATA+POWER LAN input/output and functions to inject the power to the
`LAN data channel.
`
`Note that the illustrations in Figures 3-7 indicate only two wire pairs out of the possible four pairs in a Category 5
`cable link. The methods, which are illustrated herein, may be used for any number of wire pairs and for any number of
`LAN links channels. The illustrated Power supply may be dedicated for a single LAN channel or common to a few
`LAN channels.
`
`Data Channel from hub
`
`1OI1OOBaseT RJ45 Connector
`
`PowerDslne External Power over LAN Source interface unit
`
`Protection
`.-_\
`
`A Single network channel interface
`
`\
`T‘Q—Nx Transformers are optional
`
`
`
`
`
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`Protection Blockl
`3
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`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Protection Bloclq
`
`This Power
`Supply may
`be used for
`multiple
`channels
`
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`
`AC Mam input or
`power from another
`PowerDsrne Power
`over LAN unit
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
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`v DC blocking capacrtors
`
`._.._____
`
`
`Finer Block
`
`Filter Block
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`10l1008aseT RJ45 Connector
`
`Data + Power Channel
`to network termlnal (IP Telephone or such)
`
`Figure 3 — Power over LAN internal view — Line Interface
`
`

`

`8/15
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`
`
`m Parallel Transformers
`,
`
`Data Channel from hub
`
`
`PowerDsine External Power over LAN Source Interface Unit
`onnector
`10100-ase ' 4
`
`
`
`
`
`Single LAN channel Interface
`
`
`Phantom
`Transformers
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`_.___.4
`
`Power Supply
`Filter Block
`
`
`
`Protection Block
`
`
`
`
`AC Mam input or
`power from another
`PowerDsine Power
`over LAN unit
`
`
`
`This Power
`
`Supply may
`
`
`be used for
`Y
`
`channels
`multiple
`E
`
`
`
`
`
`10/1 DOBaseT RJ45 onnector
`
`
`Data + Power Channel
`
`
`to network terminal (lP Telephone or such)
`
`Figure 4 — Power over LAN Internal View — Phantom Line Interface
`
`Data Channel from hub
`
`PowerDsine External Power over LAN Source interface unit
`10/1 ODBaseT RJ45 Connedor
`
`
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`
`Single LAN channel Interface
`
`
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`power from another
`Powerszne Power
`over LAN unit
`
`
`
`
`Power Supply
`
`
`
`
`
`This Power
`Supply may
`be used for
`multiple
`channels
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Filter Block
`
`Protection Block
`
`l————4l
`l______..._._.____
`
`1
`
`Protection Block
`
`ll
`
`l E
`
`Filter Block
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`r_-__ ................... .‘ .....................................................
`
`10/1UOBaseT RJ45 Connector
`
`
`
`
`Data + Power Channel
`
`to network terminal (lP Telephone or such)
`Figure 5 — Power over LAN Internal View - Parallel Line Interface
`
`
`
`

`

`9/15
`
`an
`
`Data Ch
`
`nel from hUb
`
`PowerDsine External Power over
`LAN Source interface unit
`
`10/1 OOBaseT RJ45 Connector
`-m ......... i _______________________________________________________
`
`-
`
`* Data Leakage &
`Crosstalk Filter
`
`AC Supply
`(may be 50/60Hz 110/220Vac or other )
`
`
`
`10/1 OOBaseT RJ45 Connector
`
`Data + Power Channel
`to network terminal (IP Telephone or such)
`
`Figure 6 - AC Line Interface Circuitry
`
`The secondary of the main transformer in Figure 6 injects low frequency AC voltage to the line. Voltage isolation is
`maintained between the secondary wrndings of the transformer and therefore between any two LAN channels. The
`optional Data Leakage and Crosstalk Filter increases the high frequency impedance between the cable pairs thereby
`reducing data channel crosstalk. The Data Leakage and Crosstalk Filter design illustrated above is only a functional
`and conceptual example. Other filter designs may be used.
`
`= &
`
`
`
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`
`
`
`
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`

`

`10/15
`
`10/1OOBaseT RJ45 Connector
`
` *
`
`
`Data Channel from hub
`
`
`
`* Optional Data Leakage & Crosstalk Filter l
`
`
`
`DC Supply
`
`PWM
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`10/1OOBaseT RJ45 Connector
`
`
`
`
` Data + Power Channel
`to network terminal (IP Telephone or such)
`
`Figure 7 — DC Switching Line interface Circuitry
`
`The secondary of the main transformer in Figure 7 may inject DC voltage to the line, based on the PWM duty-cycle.
`Voltage isolation is maintained between the secondary windings of the transformer and therefore between any two
`LAN channels. The optional Data Leakage and Crosstalk Filter increases the high frequency impedance between
`data communication cable pairs thereby reducing data channel crosstalk. The Data Leakage and Crosstalk Filter
`design illustrated above is only a functional conceptual example. Other filter designs may be used.
`
`

`

`11/15
`
`4.4.2 Sink Functional Blocks
`
`.
`Data Channel to Terminal (Le. lP Telephone)
`
`
`Power 0 ermina
`(Le. lP Telephone)
`
`10/1 DOBaseT RJ45 Connector
`
`LAN RJ45
`
`Parallel
`
`mllllIIIIIIIIIF
`
`Control & Telemetry
`optinal
`
`from network hub
`
`DATA
`
`‘ a?
`
`Lino Interface Block
`+ Protection
`
`DATA + POWER
`
`10/1003aseT RJ45 Connector
`
`Data + Power Channel
`
`
`
`
`
`' Figure 8 — Sink Unit Functional Block Diagram
`The Sink Unit (integrated or external add-on Power over LAN 10/100/1 OOOBaseT Power/Data Splitter Unit) accepts
`power and data communication from the Power over LAN network and separates the two type of signals into two
`dedicated path.
`
`4.4.2.1 Sink Filter Block
`
`(Refer to Figure 8)
`The Sink Filter Block residing on each data communication channel port provides the following functions:
`0 Blocks any high frequency signal from passing through by presenting high input impedance for high frequency;
`0 Allows low frequency and DC power signals to pass through;
`0 Blocks any high frequency conducted noise from the power converter input to pass to the data channel.
`
`4.4.2.2 Sink Line Protection Block
`
`(Refer to Figure 8)
`A dedicated Line Protection Block on each data communication channel port provides the following functions:
`0 Protection against overload and/or short circuit;
`0 Protection against over voltage.
`
`4.4.2.3 Sink Line Interface Unit
`
`(Refer to Figure 8)
`Figures 9-12 illustrate variety of methods to extract the power from the combined Power over LAN channel. These
`conceptual circuits may be added onto the data communication cable link between the Power over LAN Source Unit
`and the LAN terminal unit. The same type of circuit may also be integrated into the terminal unit itself. The Sink Unit
`provides High Pass filtering for undisturbed bi-directional transport of the data communication from the DATA to the
`DATA+POWER LAN input/output and Low Pass filtering between the DATA+POWER LAN input and the Power
`output.
`
`Note that the illustrations in Figures 9-12 indicate only two wire pairs out of the possible four pairs in a Category 5
`cable link. The methods, which are illustrated herein, may be used for any number of wire pairs.
`
`

`

`‘
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`‘
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`12/15
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`Data to Terminal
`
`Power to Terminal
`
`A Single network channel interface
`
`axe;“‘\:“'"~ Transformers are optional
`
`_,_ DC blocking capacrtors
`
`Fllter Block
`
`
`
`Protection Block
`
`DC or Low Frequenc
`AC to DC Converter
`
`Filter Block
`
`5
`
`Protection Block
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`from Power over LAN Source
`
`
`
`
`Data + Power Channel
`from Power over LAN Source
`
`Figure 9 —- Sink Line Interface
`
`
`
`Data Channel to Terminal
`
`Power to Terminal
`
`Single LAN channel Interface
`
`Phantom
`Transformers
`
`Filter Block
`
`
`
`Protection Block
`
`DC or AC to DC
`Converter
`
`10/1 OOBaseT RJ45 Connector
`
`Data + Power Channel
`
`Figure 10 — Phantom Sink Line Interface
`
`

`

`‘
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`13/15
`
`Data Channel to Terminal
`
`Power to Terminal
`
`
`
`Single LAN channel Interface
`Protection
`ll
`Protection
`I
`
`WWW
`—F Parallel Transformers
`
`l
`
`
`
`—>«
`
`
`
`
`
`
`from Power over LAN Source
`
`
` 10/1 OOBaseT RJ45 Connector
`
`
`
`
`_1
`
`
`
`l
`
`Data + Power Channel
`
`Filter Block
`
`Protection Block
`
`—>
`
`
`DC or Low
` Frequency AC to
`DC Converter
`
`Filter Block
`
`Protection Block
`
`nu—T-————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
`Protection
`Protection
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`PowerConnector
`
`PowertoTerminal
`
`|
`
`Data + Power Channel
`from Power over LAN Source
`
`
`
`
`
`.
`E
`
`Figure 12 - AC Sink Line Interface Circuitry
`
`

`

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`14/15
`
`5. Power over LAN Power Management Tool
`Designing a power network based on the assumption that each network port and node simultaneously consume their
`maximum allocated output power will force the design of a complex and expensive solution.
`in addition,
`this
`assumption creates power bottlenecks over the data network, and will force the use of special cables that are not
`standard for LAN installations. Moreover,
`the thermal and power specifications of standard network equipment
`cabinets, which hold stackable hubs and other types of network management units, will not be able to accommodate
`such systems. In order to design a cost effective system, a statistical patterns indicating expected power consumption
`during normal network operation and emergency operation during building power failures should be incorporated into
`the power network design.
`
`Optional Power over LAN management software, which may run on any network computer or server, communicates
`telemetry and control to the scattered Power over LAN hardware units. The LAN data network itseif carries the data
`communication between the Power over LAN hardware units and the computer with the management software. The
`management software serves the System Manager by providing flexible tools for monitoring and allocating the
`availabie power resources in a similar manner in which network data traffic is managed and configure the power path
`over the data network.
`
`In addition, the network administrator will be able to determine the systems method for handling for network ports that
`indicate No-Load, Overload or current
`leakage to earth ground. The power to a faulty port may therefore be
`automatically shut down or limited. The recovery from shut down may be automatic or manual based on system
`setup and the port condition.
`
`Each Power over LAN hardware unit can also be designed for independent management or external control. Each
`unit may include either a dedicated LAN data connection, or it may pass parallel/serial communication signals its
`network host system. which will then transfer these on the LAN. Some Power over LAN hardware units can be
`equipped with an internal micro-controller, which will manage the unit and/or communicates with the Power over LAN
`Management software.
`in order to alleviate thermal, power and cost constraints, the PowerDsine Power over LAN
`solution utilizes high efficiency and adaptively managed power allocation.
`
`6. Reduced Power-Operating Mode
`in order to maintain data and power continuity between critical network nodes and terminals (ie. lP telephones and
`sewers), certain network nodes (Le. hubs, routers, bridges or switches) may need to be bypassed.
`The power, which may be supplied by a single LAN channel, should be sufficient to operate some type of network
`terminal units. However,
`it probably would not be sufficient to operate a normal network hub and terminals that are
`connected to it at the same time. Since LAN terminals are useless unless they get both data communication and
`power at the same time, a way to maintain power supply and data flow is necessary. in order to operate the LAN node
`units (i.e. hub, switches) and terminals during building main power failures a Reduced Power-Operating Mode is
`introduced. The Reduced Power-Operating Mode defines operation in which a device will either reduces its handling
`bandwidth or activates only pre-selected ports in order to reduce its overall consumed input power. This operating
`mode also allows a battery based uninterrupted power source to support critical networking elements for extended
`periods of time. Supporting this operating mode will require new design architecture.
`
`
`
`

`

`~
`
`15/15
`
`What is claimed is:
`
`1.
`
`A system for distribution of electrical power and data over a local area network/wide
`
`area network infrastructure (LAN/WAN), comprising:
`
`5
`
`one or more external power over LAN hubs having a plurality of ports for providing
`both data communications and electrical power;
`
`one or more integrated power over LAN hubs having a plurality of ports for providing
`both data communications and electrical power; and
`
`one or more splitters for separating electrical power signal from the data signal.
`
`
`
`